WW 



iB|ii|iiii i| ii |H |P W i n i H B inmHiH i M i 



mm &mmmi\ nirmi 







hi •! »'!"» " <• " 




: i HI 



iKfKN 



: 


E 






jiii :: - ; - ..' ''\ ,-■■■; '•■si 


; 


i 


L 


f J in! i !|- u jMS) i i! , !!; i ;ji 















5-1 

r 








* 1 




Li 


1 




Class PA6377 

Book , Q " 7 

Copyright^? I S \X 

COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT; 



kO'I'NTOY KOYPTIOY 



IZTOPIfl 



AErnAOY aariwoi 



TOY MflKEflONOZ 

O BIOZ, Al EKZTPATEIAI KAI Ol nOAEMOl TOY ENAOEOY IAPYTOY 
THZ EAAHNIKHZ KOZMOKPATOPIAZ 



EKAOSIS ATAANTIAOS 




m ww m 



ekaotika itnTflZTHnflTfl 

ATAANTIAOS 

... EN NEA YOPKH . . . 






COPYRIGHT 1912 

BY ATLANTIS, INC 

NEW YORK 



ATLANTIS, 
O. STATION 
NEW YORK 



©•CI.A3161.22 



nroAoroz 



OIIQS 6 Meyag 'AXe^avBpog eq>eps xdvTOTe w? e'yxdXxiov Ta aSavaxa 
Ixyj tou *O^Tfjpou, tcz oxoTa tou ivexveuaav tt?jv dxaTd<7X £T °v exsivYjv 
I^eaiviupiqtA [isydXa epya xai %gbq tyjv euysvij B6£av, ouTWxal xdg 
"EXXyjv d^eiXet vd e^fi ax; syxo^xiov tov dxapd^iiXXov ziq xXeog y,ai si? [Jisya- 
XsTov (J(ov tou TpiasvB6£ou iBpuTou tyj<; *EXXyjvixyj<; xoa^oxpaTopiag, Bid 
vd dxo6X!xfl deixoTe eiq T"rjv xaXiv6p0tt)aiv tou £0vixou ^a<; [xsyaXsiou. 
'Ex Tfjq dpxYjg TauTYjq xivou^xevoc, xapaBiBopisv s?s t6 'EXXyjvixov xoivov 
to dOdvaTov auyypa^a tou Pw^aiou laTopioypd^ou Koivtou KoupTiou 
P0690U ((Ilepi twv KaTopOw^aTwv 'AXe^dvBpou tou MsydXou)), tooxoiov, 
Bid to u^og tyj<; ^xveuaewq yjtk; to xapaxTYjpi^st, Bid tyjv xa0YjBuvouaav 
yXa^upoTTQTa tou utpoug xai Bid tyjv Gaujxaaiav dvap[x6viaiv ir\q xoiyjtixyj<; 
9avTaaia<; jjieTd tyjc; auaTYjpd? ijTopioypa^ixYjc; dxpiSoXoyia?, euXoyox; Oew- 
psrrat (b<; exoq eiq xe^ov. *0 K6ivto<; KoupTiog Pou^oq, oipeiXwv TY^vxapd- 
Boaiv tou 6vo^aToc; tou eiq tyjv uaTepocpYj^iav elq touto xupiwq to auyypa^.- 
[i(X auTOu, e^Yjas xaTa tou<; [Lzzaq'u AuyouaTOU xai KwvcTavTivou tou Meyd- 
Xou xpovouq, yjtoi xaTa t*?jv dx^AYjv TYjg xveu^aTtxYjg xapaywyixoTYjToq ir\q 
Pu>[LT}q. KaTd t6v Meaaiwva £Bia, ots 6 Ipwg tyj<; xoXs^lix,^ B6£yj<; xal tyj<; 
Bid twv oxXwv [xsyaXoupyiac; ^xupidpxei dq Tag xapBia<; twv euysvwv ixxo- 
twv, to cuyypapipia touto yjto ox; 6 "O^iYjpog Bid tov MaxeBova xaTaxTYjTYjv. 
'Ex twv Bexa @i6Xiwv, ix twv oxoiwv dxsTsXsruo yj ((Ilspi twv KaTopGw^xd- 
tg)V 'AXs^dvBpou tou MsydXou)) xe£,yj ixoxoiia tou P0690U, BisawGYjaav 
[lixpiq yjjawv Ta oxtw, wv tyjv ^£Ta9pa<jiv xspiXa^Sdvsi yj IxBojk; auTYj, Td 
Be Xoixd dv£7.'XYjpc[)0Yjaav sx vsonepwv (juyypa^dTwv. 



KEOAAAION A 1 . 



aircov. — 'H ev Xcuoojvda yd^n. — Gdvaxoc; to{j OtXimcov. — e O 'AXe- 
£av5poc; dvayopeveTai BadtXei/^ tfi^ MaKe5ovia^. — e O 'AXe^avSpoc; 
tv 0£ddaXta. — Ka^ad-cpo^d twv ®n(3<5v. 

IS TO SCX0CJT0V TSTapTOV 

eToq tyjs TjXtxtag xat 

to TptTovT-rji; ^actXet- 
aq auToD <J>(Xtxxo<; 6 
BaatXeuc; ir}q Maxe- 
Bovta<; cuve^euxOiq ttjv 
'OXu^xtdBa, 6p<pav7jv 
tJLev yovecov, dWoi 6u- 
yaTspa toQ ^actXewc 
rrj<; 'Hxetpou xat ix 
toO ' A%iXki(j)q to ys- 
vo<; e'Xxoucav, exopti- 
vgx; Be xat tg>v Ataxr 
Bwv. 'Ex Tij? xp(OTt]<; d<p£TY)p(a<;T) yuvr) 
auTYj, xaXou^evrj to xpdvuov MupTaXrj, 
xeptypdcpeTac <b<; ^aXexY], Bucrpoxo?, 
£iqX6tuxo<; xat <ptXexBtxoq' e\ Be ty) ve- 
avtxf) auTrjc; -qXtxcacbpaca, dxotvwvYjTOc; 
xa? xo(i^ pieT'euTpaxeXtac; Tivoq, xaptcruaTat <kt ^eTa 
pieydXou ftfjXou tjto d<ptocjiG)^evY) etc; tt)v [AUffTT)pta>BY] Xa- 
Tpecav tou 'Opcpeox; xat ToDBaxxou xat OTt, (be; at Xot- 
xal yuvaTxec; tyjc; ©pdxYjc;, £q\i%ou<j<x twv aXXwv, xape- 
B(BeTO xal auTY) y.£Ta dypcou dvOouatacj^oj etc; t<z vu- 
xTSptva opyta xaTiz to eGoc; ty)c; x^P a ^ xpaTouca B' dva ^ecpac; tov Gupcov 
xal <pepouaa touc; ocpetc; jJieTewpouc;, xepteTpe^e tA opY). *0 ^(Xcxxoc;, vea- 
vtac; ert a>v xal IBwv auTY)v £v SapioGpdxT], ev0a cuve^uetro pieT* auTijc;, ttjv 
TjpdaOYj xal ty^v e^TTjcev etc; ydfxov xapa tou 6e(ou xat xyjBsjjiovoc; auTfjc; 
'Apu^.6a. Kal <juvt)6(oc; ^ev cpavTaatwBstc; etxovsc; ixXrjpoiiv dBtaxoxox; titjv 
xapBtavxat tov vouvttjc; yuvatxoc; TauTYjc;, ovetpov BexaTa ttjvxp&toG yd^ou 
vuxtoc elBe, xa0' o [Leia acpoBpaq ^povTt]? xspauvoc; dvsaxYj^ev etq tVjv yacrTspa 
a&T-fjq, ^x OS tt^<; ^x toutou xpoeX0ou(7Y)(; xXYjyt^c; xup ^sppdyiq, ToCfoxotou 
a? ^Xoysc; Bia<p6pou<; eXa6ov BteuOuvastq xal eh a iv dxapsl BtsXuOTjaav* toij 
«6to0 6'(Bouc; ovstpov iXeyeTO oti elBe cuyxpovwq xal 6 <I>tXixxo<;, oti ByjXaB^ 





6 ISTOPIA TOY MErATOY AAESANAPOY 

iaypayice xtjv yaaxepa xtj<; yuvatxoc; tou Stdc o^paytBoc;, tj<; tj Y^u<?ig el/ev 
etxova Xeovxo<;. 0! 6vetpoxptxat xat ^dvxetq, wv e^elxsv 6 itepiyr^oq if\q 
exoxTj<; 'AptaxavBpoc;, e^TjyTjcav oxt xd Buo xauxa ovetpa ea-fj^atvov oxi if] 
'OXuu*xtd<; e^eXXe vd yevvfjfffl xaTBa yevvatov xat XeovxwBirj, ouxtvo<; tj i<rx u< ? 
xpoeu/rjveuexo oxt TjGeXev elaOat pLeydXTj, dXXa xat oxt auyxpovtog T0 ii"koq 
auxou T^BeXev eljOat $paxu. Kat ovxox; eyevvTj0T) xoxe 6 'AXe^avBpoq. 

'EyevvrjOTj B' 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ziq IIeXXav,xTjv xpwxeuoucav xfj<; MaxeBo- 
viaq, xa> 356 x. X. 'Exxo<; 8s xou 'AXeqdvBpou, 6 <£(Xtxxo<; ecx £ xat cuo 
Ouyaxepac; ex xtj<; 'OXuu^xtdBoc;, xtjv KXeoxdxpav xa! xtjv Kuvav. 

'Exxd 6auu«axa TjptGpiouvxo xaxd xouc; dpxatouc; XP^vou<;, ^ v °U BteipTj- 
(jLt^exo xat 6 ev 'Ecpeacp (xaxd xtjv Mtxpdv 'Aa(av) vacx; xfj<; 'Apxe^itBoc;, 
xepccpTj^ov dptcrxoupyTj^a dpxtxexxovtxijc;. "ABexat 8' oxt xou9ovou<; xig 
dvTjp, 'Hpouxpaxoc; t) 'Epcocxpaxoc; xaXou[Jievo<;, uxo ^eydXTjc; xaxexo^evoc; 
Bo£o^avta<; xat ^tj Buvdpievoc; aWosq vd dxaGavaxicTj xo ovo^d xou, exauce 
xov vaovxouxov,toaxe x^ptv xfjc; Qhe'kupaq xauxfjc; xpd^eoJx; xou vdytvexat \6- 
yoq xept auxou. 

0! dpxalot eBo^a^ov oxt tj v Apxeu,tc; tjxo 0ed xtjc; 6-rjpac;, cuyxpovwc; Be 
xat oxt eVeaxdxet xaxd xov xoxexov xtov yuvatxwv, exovou-a^ou*evTj xaxd xtjv 
xeptaxaatv xauxTjv EtX-rjGuta, xat exetBTj xaxd xtjv vuxxa xtjc; xupxoTajaeax; 
xou ev 'Ecp£<7(p vaou eyevvrjOTj 6 'AXe^avBpoc;, xac^wv dxoXouOwc; 6 MdyvTjc; 
tcxoptxoc; 'Hyrjctac; elxev, oxt ouBoXtoc; 6au[xaax6v •rjxo oxt exaTj 6 vao<;, Btoxt 
xax' ixetvrjv xtjv vuxxa tj "Apxe^tc; ivTjcxo^etxo etc; xtjv yevvTjatv xou 'AXe- 
^dvBpou, ^oTjOoucra xtjv [rrjxepa xou 'OXu^xtdBa eC<; xov xox£xov xtjc;, evexa 
xou oxotou xat Bev tjBuvtjOtj vd (ppovxtayj Btd xov vaov xtjc;. 

Kaxd xtjv y£vvT)(7tv xou 'A^E^dvBpou 6 ^i'ki.'Kioq £^£tx£v elq xtjv iroXt- 
opxtav xt]? xaxd xd TtapaXta xfj? Max£Bovta<; X£tu.£VTj<; ^EXXirjvtxTjt; %6X£w<; 
IIoxtBataq. 'Exst au6TjjJL£p6v xa> dvTjYY^Qfjaav at xp£t<; £udp£axot etBTj- 
(jeiq : TCpwxov oxt ot 'IXXupto! ivtxTjOirjaav uxo xou cxpaxTjyou xou IIap[jL£vf- 
wvoq £t<; iA£YdXr^v xtvd tidxTjv, B£ux£pov oxt ot Yxxot xou s'vtxTjaav iv txxoBpo- 
jjLccpxaxdxo'Jc; 'OXuu.xtaxou<;dYO)va(;, xal^BTj ex£[ix£xo £t<; auxov x6 dptax£l- 
ov xat xptxov oxt tw ^y £vv ^ 1 Q M$* '0 4>fXtxxo<; xo aaxaxov xwv dv6pw- 
xtvoavxpaYU-dxojv Yivto^xtov, « 7 Qxuxt], dv£6oTja£' xp6a0£<; xal xavev u.txp6v 
Bucxux^^ S 'S xoaouxov ^£ydXa euxux^axa !)) 

v A\l(X YevvTjGetc; 6 Tjy£U-ov6xat<; xap£B60Tj et<; xzlpaq ^xt<jTj(j.ou xpo<pou, 
xa),ouu.£VTj<; AavvtxTjq, ux6 xt)v yevixtjv dxtaxaatav xtj<; ^xpog xr ; <; 'EXXavt- 
xr^. npoK'piGx; Be (JLEydX^v dcpoatoatv xat dydxTjv IBet^ev 6 'AXe^avBpo? 
et? xtjv XP090V xou, xat ^cYaXox; dxt^a xat ^ae6exo auxTjv xaxd xouq ^exd 
xauxa XP 0V0U ?> TT J V &' euvotdv xou xauxTjv ^xe^exetvs xat etc; xouq auyyevet? 
xfj; xpo<pou. Kat o\ [>.h ulot auxfj<; cruyxaxsXeyovxo ^paBuxepov ^exd xd>v 
xpwxwv d^twiiaxtxwv xat (pfXo)v xou, xap' auxw BtaxeXouvxe? xdvxoxe, d[Lyo_ 
xepot Be xXr^atov auxou etc; x6 xeBtov xfjc; ^dy^q exeaov Yevvatwc; (xaxopievot, 
jotatxepav Be xpo<; xouxotc; xtixr.v xat oe6ac; e'cetxvuev ef<; x6v dBeXcpov xr^c; x6v 



O nATHP TOY AAEEANAPOY <t>IAinnOX 




APTYPOYN MAKEAONIKON NOMIZMA 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 7 

KXe^Tov, o jTiq xat ejoxis tt'v ^wyjv tou xaTd tt?jv iv T(p rpavcxq) ^ax*n v 
xap' auT(p eupt<jx,6^evo<;. 

'OXtyov au^T]0£t<; ttjv T)Xcx(av 6 'AXe^avBpo*;, Bca<p6pou; ecx s xacBaya)- 
youc;, xat xpo xdvxwv tov AewviBav, ouyysvy) Tfjq (jiTjTpoc; tou, ojti; xat dvTt 
TpocpoD xat xatBaywyou Bid ts to d^iw^a xat T*r)v IxavoxTjTa sxwvo^aaGT) 
xa6Y)YY)TT?)<; tou 'AXe^dvBpou. 'O euy£VT)<;ouTO<; dvr)p <puasc auo"TY]pou 
Xapaxrfjpoc; &v, Xcxo<; Be xat eyxpaT*?)*; xa6' dxavTa, iptXoTi^Bm vd dva- 
Gpe^flsXXTjvixwsTcoovTtTOv'AXs^avBpov. FvoxttovB' oti ot dpxacot w EXXy)- 
vs<; (AeydXctx; e!<; tt?)v BtavoYjTtxirjv dxo6XexovTe<; dvdxTU^tv t<ov xaiBwv, oux 
tjttov xat Bid t^v GG)[JLaTtx^v auxtiv £<ppovTt^ov dvaTpocprjv. *H xoXuxeXeca 
xpoxdvxwv xatr^aXOaxoTiqc; e'GswpouvTO 6c;e\i6Xa6Y) xat 6Xe0pia elq ttjv 
uy-(av xat eut^otav. ru^vda^axa ev 6xa(6p<{>, eXa<ppd ^vBu^aua %<xi ^u- 
XpoXouaia, dxXfj xpo<; toutok; xat Xcty^ Bcaixa ec<; tt)v Tpo<pY)v dxrjTouvTo 
xupfax; ec<; »H)v xaXw<; e\voou(iivr,v dvaTpo<pY)v. Aid T-fjq dywytjc; TauTr<; to 
aw^a xaOcaTaTO eupwcrcov xat euxivYjTOV, xat eiq tt^v dywyY^v TauTYjv 6<pecXo- 
^.ev xpo xdvTtov vd diuoBa>ao)[X£V ty^v ato^aTixirjv pw^/riv, to xdXXog,Tfv xaxd 
tou<; (Jiu<; eucrcpocpcav xat evepyiQTtxoTTnTa xat ty^v exix«P tT0V cu[JLX£pt(popdv, 
aTtva ToaouTov Oau^aafox; dvsxTuaaovTO xaxd tov *EXXtqvixov tuxov. 

Kat to dxoXouOov Be BcaBiqXoi: xoaov 6 d^ioXoyoc; xacBaywyoc; eBpaxxeTO 
xdaif]<; ei>xaip(a<; vd BtBd<Jx,Y) tov ^a6Y]TT)V tou vd ^-rj Baxavoj {jlyjts vd cxaxaXa 
xaxd xdo-av xepiaTaacv uxep to Beov. napaTTjp-rjaac; otc xaxd Ttva Ouatav 6 
'AXe£avBpo<; dcpecBwc; xat Bid twv Buo %eip€)V Xa[x5dv(ov Xi6dvcov £ppcxT£v 
auTO £xt tou xupoq, ((Il£pc^£cvov, (b xat, tou slice, vd Ttupteuar]^ tt^v yt]v, f^ 
oxota xapdy£t t6 XtSdvtov xat tot£ vd 6uctd^Y)<; to<jov dtpOovox;)). w OTe Be 6 
'AX£?avBpo<; Iy£tve %upto<; y.at tyjc; xapayouaif]<; t6 Xt6dvtov yt^<;,£V£6u^T)0Y] 
t6v xaBiQyTQTTQV tou xat £X£^jl^£V ei<; aiiTov £xt<iToXT)v Xiywv : ((Sou xi^xxo) 
ixaT6v TdXavTa Xt6avtoTOU y.at zacffcac; (a^upvr]?) y.at t^a6e et<; to k^q vd ^ 
^txpoXoy-fiq s?^ tou<; 6£ou<;, ^Xexwv cm %at tt)v Xt6avo)T09opov 7.at tt^v dpo>- 
^LaTocpopov ^ouatd^o^ev)). 

*H cuyyevsta ttj<; jjltjtpo*; tou 'AXe^dvBpou ^eTd tou AewvtBoj cuveTe- 
Xeae Td txsytaTa etc; tt^v %aXT)v dvaTpocpf^v tjv xapd tou xatBaytoyou tou eXa6e, 
BcaTY]pY)<ja<7a (zutov e?c; xstOapxcav, e'va) aWoq xatBaywy6<; 8ucx6Xax; YjOeXsv 
ixiTuxei dq tocoQtov {Aa0TjTYjv, oio<; 6 'AXs^avBpoc;. Kat vat jjlsv zaxd Td 
&\\<x xaptaTaTat t^ ^tjt^p tou 'AXs^dvBpou (b<; yuv9) Bu<7Tpoxo<;, x a XexY) 
xat Tpaxeta, dXXd Tt xapdBo^ov, dv, ox; Xcav (ptXoaTopyoq elq t6 Texvov TYjq, 
aupL^op9ou|xlvY) p.eTd tou e[x<ppovo<; xatBaywyou, xapYjxoXouOYjcre Td 'c'xvy) 
auToi) e?<; tt^v dywy^jv tou ulou ty)?, oBiQyoDcja xat xapoTpuvouaa auT6v xaxd 
Td? uytec<; e*xetvou dpxd<; ; 

*H(p6(jet Bo£o^avY)<; yuvY] auxY) dvexoXet, xaxd Tac; cBea<; TouT6Tex6(j(jLou, 
Td Svetpaxat Td aTj^eca, dxiva xaxd TT)vT)^epavTou yd^ou ttj<; elBe, xat ouBsv 
dXXo xup(w<; dxsSXexe vd ^xvsuay) et<; tov u!6v ty]<; ef^r) a'!<70Y)^aTa u^tjXo- 
<ppova* xap' auTfj<; ^eSatwc; eXaSe xpwt^ax; 6 'AXe^avBpo<; tov ^eyav evGou- 



8 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 

<7ia<7[iov xat xo euepeStcxov, dxtva y-uptwc; Btaxptvouatv axo xwv d'XXwv -fjpwwv 

XOV Y][A£T£pOV. E'tXC Be etc; XT]V {JLY)T£pa X«P^{JLSV0<; Xal 6 y.a0Y) YY]TY)(; XOU 

xatBoc;, s'its 7,al 0x6 xtiv auxa>v y,at exelvoc; e^tpopou^isvot; acaOiQ^aTwv xyjc; 
B6£iqc;, xapwxpuvev M (xaXXov ttqv 'OXupixidBa xotTd touto. 'HpwTYjaev 
^spav Ttvd 6 AetovtBa<; tov 'AXe^avBpov, «II6t£, & xal, 6d euBai^ovYjaoxitv 
ot dvOpwxot;)) » — (("Otccv, dxYjvTiqcev 6 sucpu^q @actX6xatc;, cuvevwOtiaiv uxo 
puav @a<7tXetav ^at dBeXcpoxotTqStoatv)). 'Ext ty) dxpoaBo/,Y)T(t) TauT?) tou 
xatBoc; dxavxifjaet, Gau^d^wv 6 AewvtBa^ etxev etc; xyjv auyyevq auxou, ty)v 
'OXu^ixtdBa' (('Ev tw ul tp c°u uxoxpuxTeTac ou/l ^aatXeuc; tg>v MaxeBo- 
vtov, dXXd jtaatXeuc; tou xocjjjiou oXou)). 

IIape7,T0<; tou AewvtBou, 6 'AXe^avBpoc; efye >cat dXXouc; BtBaaxaXouS 
xat xatBaycoyoix;, xap' <ov iBtBdaxeTO Ta eyxuxXta [Aa0Yj^.aTa, tcc etc; ttjv 
cxouBt^v xpo xdvTtov dvayo^eva tou *0[XY]pou xal twv dXXwv xoiyjtwv. Me- 
Ta£u twv dXXwv xatBaywywv BtexptveTO xal 6 e? 'Axapvavtac; Aucjfiiaxoq, 
dv^)p xoXaxeuTtxu>TaToc;, extTux&v °^ a paBtoupytag vd etaBuafl et<; ttjv Geatv 
TauTYjv, dxoxaXa>v IlYjXea jxev tov ext tu> dxoucpiaTt tout(i> Y]B6^evov <£(Xix- 
xov, 'Ax^XXea Be tov 'AXec;avBpov xal t6v eauxov <l>otvtxa, oloc; ux-rjp£ev 6 
tou YJpwoc; e^xetvou xatBaywyoc;. "Oaov Be ae6a<; xat dydxYjv expecpev 6 'AXe- 
£avBpo<; etc; t6v AewvtBav Bid to auuTYjpov auTou ^6oq, xapaxoXouOtiv Tdq 
etXtxptvet<; auTou aupi6ouXd<; xal xa6' dxavTa xpoaxaOtov vd putrqxat auxov, 
togoutov BuaiQpetJTelTO etc; tyjv xoXaxetav xal ty)v dxaptv dcjTetoTYjxa tou 
Auut^axou, etc; axouBala xal e[x6pt6YJ dxo6Xexo:>v dvxtxetpieva, xal oux^ 
et<; dvoxpeXetc; xal dxpiqcxouc; exatvouc; xal etc; xoXaxeuxtxouc; Xoyoug, ouq 
d9etBa)c; e'xelvoc; xapelx^v et<; t6v ^a0Y]TY]v tou. 

w Oaov d<pop# ttjv cw[JLaTty.7)v fiop^v tou 'AXei;dvBpou, dva<pepeTat oTt 
fao Xeu7.oc; xal ?av66c;. TXuxu epu6Y]^a dve9atveTO i%l twv xapetwv y,cxJ 
tou <jty)0ou<; auTou, 7,al elxev uypouc; ptiv %aj cxtv0Y]po6oXouvTac; touc; 6cp0aX- 
^.ouc;, yaXigvYi B' dxexdXuxTe t6 xpoawxov auxou. T6 dvdaxiQ^a auxou yjxo 
piexptov, etxe ^dl(c[L<x op^xtxov Teat 6$u, xat 7,axd tov au%i\<x ex, yeveTfiq 
exXtvev 6Xtyov i%\ tou dptcTepou w^jlou, t^v Be xXtatv tocutyjv tyjc; xecpaXYJc; tou 
^ytyvwaxev dxoXouGox; vd xpuxTyj 6 dyaXpiaxoxotoc; Auatxxoc;, Bt6 %od etc; 
<xut6v jjlovov ex.TpexeTO vd ttdpivfl dvBptdvTac; tou 'AXec^dvBpou* 6 Be xept- 
9T)[ioc; ^ypdcpoc;, 6 'AxeXXrjc;, e?(o[xota^ev czutov dptaTa Btd ty]c; ypa9tBo<;, 
dXXd xaptaxa auxov pieXavwxspov y.at d^aupoxspov xou ovxoc;, etc; o %od BuaiQ- 
peaxelxo ou* 6Xtyov 6 'AXei;avBpoc;. 'Ax6 Be xou az6[L<xioq %<z\ oXou ev yevet 
tou cwtxaxoc; xou 'AXec;dvBpou e^pxeTO euwBta Ttc; eudpeaTO^ BtaBtBo^evr] 
y.cd etc; auTOuc; touc; x^^vtaxouc; tou. Touxo dxeBtBov ot xoxe co9ot et<; x^v 
Xtczv ^WYjpdv /.al xupwBrj xpdatv auxou, xpocOexovxec; oxt r} euwBta xuptwq 
xpoepxexat it. xrjc; £^ax[xtaew<; xa>v uypwv ux6 xyjc; 6ep^6xY]xoc^, Bt6 v.<xi ot 
^Tjpol y.al G£p[jLot xoxot t^<; yrjc; xapdyoucrt t« xaXXtTepaxat Ta euwBeaxepa 
dpwpLaxa, wc; d<paipouvxoq xou tjXiou Btd xdiv Gsppiwv dxxtvwv xou xi?]v uypa- 
ctav ijxtc; e'xtxaOrj^evY) exl xgjv coj^dxwv ixt(pepst xyjv a^tv auxwv. *H cpuatxi 1 ) 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 9 

auTY) 6eptAOTif3<; tou awjxaTOc; xa0(<JTa tov 'AXi^avBpov 0u^u>By), 6p^r;Tix.6v, 
ToX^iqpov x.al s\ ysvst ojiotov xa0' oXa (A£Td tou *f£vvatou xpoyovou tou 
'AxtXXewg, ouxtvoc; xal xavTocoTpoxox; y)YG)v(^£to vd [it[j.Y]Tai to: dv§paya0Y)- 
[xaxa, ox; tuxov *al uxoypa^ov auTov dx.oXou0G><; £xo>v e(q Ta<; xoX£^uxd<; 
auTou sxtx£^pTQ<7£t?. MsyaXYjv 8' o? dpxacoi xap£Tx°v d£tav £?<; /.aTaytoY^v 
e^ dpxacwv yevwv %al rjpaxov, xai ox& 6X(yov xaiBc60£V %<xl ocutoc; 6 'AXs^av- 
8po<; eae^vueTO oti dxo xaxpo<; jjlsv xpoyovov slxs t&v *Hpax,Xsa, dx& ^Y)Tpo<; 
8s t6v 'AxtXXia, exo^svwc; xat tov IlYjXea x.al tov Acaxov. 

KaTa TYjv vsapav auTou YjXtxcav 6 'AXI^avBpoq elx£ au^xapaXa6et <b<; 
<juv£Ta(pou<; xal au^xafxTopa<; cuvo[iY]Xtxa<; tou Tivaq, uloix; tg>v extaiQ^o- 

TSptoV aOXtXWV, TOV 4>cX(OT0CV, SeUTSpOTOKOV UtOV TOU <7TpaTY]yOL* Ilap^£v((i)- 

vo<;, t6v w ApxaXov %<xl Nsapxov, tov 'EpcyuTov, tov rkoX^aTov, tov ^Ifyat- 
CTtwva *a£ dXXou<;, ^£0' d>v %<xl auvsxa^s %<xl cuvtqywv^eto s , £ac/,ou^£vo<;, 
xoXXtiou<; hk Scd<popa y,eT* aiiTwv cuveftfJTei ^YjTYj^aTa y,al ux£p tyjv TjXivdav 
to)v. KaTa Ta? au^Y)TY]<j£i<; TauTa<; 8te<pa(veTO t6 dvBptxov <ppovY}^a %<xl tq 
^£YaXif) ux£pox^J tou 'AX^dvBpou sxl tg>v o^yjXikwv tou. Meto: TO<7auTY)<; 
8e (juvyj0g)<; £xt[jL0VYJc; Ixwv 8tavoY)Tcy,if3V § d'XXrjv Tivd Evacx ^*]^ xpoaYjXouTO 
£t<; auTYjv, waT£ ouBoXox; £?o>T£pcx6v Tt amov, oaov x£pi£pyov %al #v f)TO, 
TfjBuvaTO vd axoaxaqfi tyjv dxo tou xpo7.£t[A£vou Ipyou xpocox^jv tou, 8i& 
xal dBuvaTov y^to vd ^r) <p£pfl £?<; xipa? xdv o,Tt ^xexefpei. Ka£ auToS ot 
cuv£Ta:poi auTou ttqv [LeydXriv <pcXoxovfav *al to <ptX£pyov tou 'AXfi^dvBpou 
Oaupid^ovTEq, xavTt o*0£V£t Yjywvt^ovTO vd £^o^ota)0<i>o , t xpoq auTov. Ec<; 8£ 
Ta<; xpoq dXXif]Xou<; 0uvBcaX£^£t<; Ttai Td Scaywvta^aTd to>v dxoTUYX^ vwv 
wq ^xl to xXeIutov 6 <l>tX(OTa<;, ^xdXuxTS <juvy]0gx; tt^v dBuva^tav tou, £/.0£td- 
^wv ttjv dp£TT)v 7,at ttqv 0TpaTY]yt7.TjV !xavoTY]Ta tou xaTpo<; TOU. (($tX(OTa, 
t^> IX£y£ tots 6 'AXi^avBpos, hkv xpsx£t vd (j.£YaXo<ppovd)^£v Btd Td dvBpa- 
ya0Y][jLaTa tou xaTpoq [ixq, dXXd Bed Td tBcxd (xag. 'AvBpayaOcaq xat oxt 
xaTpaya0ta<;, 4>tXa)Ta ! Iloaov h' dx£vavTc'a<; £yo) Xuxou^at axoutov Ta<; 
ToaauTaq vfxaq tou xaTpo<; ^jlou, <po6ou[A£vo<; \xi] §£V d<pifjqf) vd xpd^w xal syw 

TtXOTS ^£0* U^JLWV)). 

*Qq vtaTa Td dXXa, outw %a! %aTa tttjv Y£vvai6TY]Ta ty^c; ^uxyj<; xat^t60sv 
£^£tX£V 6 'AX£^avBpo<;, %<xi xoXXd 8ety(i.aTa [A£yaXo8o)pta<; dvacpipovTat Stc 
xap£(jxs %aTd Td xpwxa Ityj tt^<; r)Xtx(a<; tou, yjtk; y,al ^xYju^Tjas 0au[Aa<7tG)<; 
£:<; tolx; pL£Td TauTa xpovou<; twv 0ptd[j.6(ov y.a^ tyj<; B6£yj<; tou. HoXXt^v 
dydxTfiv Tp£(pwv 6 'AX£^avBpo<; xpo<; xdvxaq tou? auv£Tafpou<; tou, s^oxov 
eIxs xXcutv xpo<; tov *H9aiffTcwva, Td auxd Becxvumv d[xot6acax; xp6c; d^£l- 
vov ala0Y)^aTa. *HpL£pav Tcvd evwxiov twv auv£Tatpwv dxayylXXtov ttqv £txo- 
gt9)V B£UTspav pa^(p8(av ty)^ 'iXtdSoc iBdy.pua£, *al ^stoc 0Xt^£ox; slxs : 
((Tloaov ix£0ujxouv vd tjpltqv xat £yo> 'Ax^XXeu*;, aXXd vd Ixw %<xl tocoutov 
tptXov, o!o<; y^too ndTpox-Xoq)). «' v Av au, 'AX^avSps, tw slxs tots 6 n Hcpat- 
GTtwv, £xt0u^"n<; vd dv.Tt/.aTaaTY]aYjc; tov 'AxtXXsa, y.at iyeb ixt0u^w vd dvTt_ 
>taTaaTY)ar(i) tov ridTpoxXov)). 'Ex t^<; dxavTYjjswc; TauTYjc; suap£C7TY]0£^ 



10 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

t& ytiyiaTa 6 'AXI^avBpog xal t&v ^H^accrTcwva IvayxaXcaSdg : «'Axo 
touBe Xoixov, tw elxsv, 6 {iiv 'AX^avBpog slvai *H$)ataTiG)v, 6 B' *H<pacjTca)v, 

'AXe^avBpog)). "Extots 6 ^iXcoTaq ^tqXotuxgx; uxeSXsxe to veov ^£uyog 
tyj<; dXiq0ou<; xal xapaBEiyu,aTiXY)c; TauTYjg qnXiag. 

MsydXiqv 8* 6 xaXog AewvfBac; xaTs6aXXsv £xi[jiX£iav ouxl ^.ovov Stcc 
tyjv GG)u,aTtx^v tou xatB6<; dvdxTu^v, dXXdl: xal Bid tyjv y}0cxy^v aikou yiop^w- 
ffiv, oxsp ocxTpwg xapau^eXsnrat uxo tg>v xacBaywywv. KaTd Tag oBYjyiag 
Xoixov tou dpiaTou xa0YjyYjTOU tou s^eyeipo^evog TYjg xXivyjc; 6 'AXs^avBpog 
xpwTOV yiv xpoaiQuxsTO ecg Toug Beoug xal Tdg vevopuauJvag £tsXsi 6uaiag, 
siTa 8s xposy£uu*aTi£,s XiT&g, xal [xstoc yieydXou £,yjXou xal xpo0uuJag dxo- 
Xou0G>g xapsBiBeTO eig Td pux0Yju,aTa. IIai8t60ev Bs xapelxs ^eydXa Beiy- 
[iaTa <piXo^a0dag xal Xfav ixepxeTO elg tyjv dvdyvwaiv, cbtopeaTtog liul tout(j> 
XpYjai^a xal Tspxvd dva^YjTwv @i6X(a. TspaaTcav e^ox^S 6 'AXe^avBpog 
iBstxvus xXcatv e?g Td xonfju<aTa twv xpoyevsaTspwv *EXXyjvg)V, xal ^dXcaTa 
ecg Tag Tpayq>8iag tou So^oxXeoug, tou EupixiBou xal tou A(ax6Xou xal 
Toug 8i0upd^6oug tou TtXeaTou xal <E>iXo£evou, xakot Bev irjBuvaTO vd vofj 
auTd eiasTi, Bed Tag dvexapxelg dxo^Yj yvuxietg xal tyjv [juxpdv YjXixiav tou. 
Suxvdxtg 8* dveyfvwaxsv exi^sXwg xal Td cbpala auyypd^piaTa touEsvo^wv- 
Tog, to xepl Kupou xaiBsiag xal to xspl Kupou dvaSdaswg, cpepwv 8s u,e0' 
sauTou xal tyjv xpog tov xaTepa tou wpatoTaTYjv sxkttoXyjv tou pYjTOpog 'Iao- 
xpaToug, episXsTa xal eax°^ a ^ £V auTYjv* E(g Tag dxopiag ag auvYjvTa el%e 
t6 xoXXou Xoyou d£iov xpoTlpYj^xa vd epWTqc s?ts tov AewvtBav, s'its tou<; 
oiXkouq BcBtzaxdXout; tou. KaTd Bs Tdq wpag tyj<; dveaewc; BtY^ys tov xatpov 
y) acpaipi^wv [A£Td twv auveTaipwv tou,y) Btxd^wv [AeTa^uauTwvxalauvTaTTWv 
xoXe^ixov Tt ax^Btov* eiq B£ t6v xep'.xaTov auxvdx.t<; d?epx6(ievoq, i^YjaxetTO 
Y] vd to^suyj Y^vd dva6a(vYj xal vd xaTa6afvYj exl Tplx ovTO< 5 dpt^aTO? xatl^wv 
B^xoXXaxtq i0Yjp£usxTY]vd, dXcoxexag xal dXXa ^eydXa xal yuxpd l^wa. 

Kal xaTd Td dXXa 6 'AXs^avBpoc; xsptypdcpsTac oti y^to dyv6q xal xa0a- 
p6<; Ta yjOiq. w E<peuys ev yevet Tag aY]Bsc<; xat dvotxstouc; auvavaaTpo^dg, xal 
u.eydXo;<; dxsaTpecpsTO vd dxourj touc; ypawBstt; ^60ou<;, stq ou<; i% (puaeax; 
pexouatv ot xaxwc; dvaTps^o^evot xalBsq* dxsptypaxTOV h* iBsfxvus BidGsatv 
xal ops^tv dxouwv vd XaXwcrt xepl twv xaTd tov MapaSwva, tyjv SaXau.Iva, 
Tag IlXaTatdc; xal dXXaxou Tpoxatwv, Bi* d>v ouxl [JtovovauT^gdxpeXecTO dXXd 
xal jiiyav t,Y)Xov Btd tou xapaBetypiaTog tou svixvssv eiq Toug cuveTacpouq 
tou, xal £tBY]u.ova<; auTouq xaOtaTa tcov ^xtuYj^oTepwv yeyovoTWV ty^<; xpo Tt- 
vo)v xp ov wv tououtov Xau.xpw<; Btaxpt0£iaY]<; *EXXdBog. KaTd ty^v £xoxyjv 
TauTY^v 9atveTat BtaBpa^xaTtaOelaa xal t) [ASTa^u tou 'AXe^dvBpou xal twv 
riepawv xp£a6£0)V BtaBpuXXYjGElaa gxy]vy). "EX£ix£V 6 ^tXtxxog zlq ixaTpa- 
T£cav Ttvd, xp£a6£tg Be ty^<; Hepaiaq d^txovTO £i<; tyjv au)vY)v auTOu. 

'0 xatg £Tt 'AXI^avBpog uxeBex^yj auToug Xtav (ptXocpp6vwc;, xal xoXXd 
u.lv xal lv Max£Bov(a xal xa0' dxaaavTY^v *EXXdBa iXiyovTO T0T£BiaT0ug 
u.£ydXou<; 0Y]aaupouq xal tyjv xoXuT£>.£'.av t^<; auXYJg tou ^aat^Eox; TY)q Hep- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEAN APOT 1 1 

alctq, xoXXd Be Bie^YjuJ^ovro 0auu,daia iv ToTq dvaxTopotq, oti BYjXaBjj Oxyjp- 
Xe Texvtxcx; xpuaouq xXaTavog £v to* ^aatXixo) xyjx(j) xal %puaf) a^xsXo?, 
Y^g a! pdyeg ■qaav s'x a^apdyBwv, dv0pdxwv xal aXXtov xoXutijjkov Xt0wv, 
ev0a xal xoXXdxtg xap£xd0Y)TO 6 yiyag gaatXeuq tyj<; IIspa(a<; xaTa Tag &pa<; 
tyj<; dvsaewg tou, yiyag Be Xoyog iyfyveTO xal xepl twv iv BaSuXwvt (6x6 
ty)v IleptTiav vuv BtaTeXouarj) xpe^aaT&v xyjxwv Tfjg Sepupd^cBog, xpo xdv- 
Twv Be BtdTov Bia0puXXouu«£Vov ^puaoDvxoTajjiov xal ttjv <pY)[xt^o[jivT)VXpT)- 
vyjvtou tjXiou, ^<; Td uBaTaTYjv ^iiv Yj^ipavJjaav tpux pa, tt)v Be vuxTa Bep^d* 
xal ou ^tx.pdv jjlsv xepl toutwv yvwatv sl^e geSacox; xal 6 'AXe^avBpog, dXV 
6 yieyaXo^ptov xaig ouBlva xepl twv tocoutcov xaTe8ex0Y] vd xdy,T) X6yov, 
dXV dxevavTiag *r)pwTa Toug xpea6ec<; xoia *?jto y) xpog ttjv (d'vw) 'Adav 
6B6q, xoctov dxexet Tfj<; MaxeBoviag y) Ilspafa, elq tc dxptSwg auvfaxaTO y) 
B uva(Jit<; to tg>v Ilspawv (JaatXewg, xo xapeu pfaxeTO 6 'tStoq xaTd Tag pidxag, 
xwg dcplpsTO xpog Toug alxtAaXam^o^evoug e'xOpoug T0U > ^wg ^xu6epva Toug 
uxYjxooug tou xal Td TotauTa. Ot xpeaSeig 6au[xd^ovTeg Bid tt)v dyxivocav 
tou (taatXoxaiBog, eXeyov oti y) ixavoTTjg xal y) CTpaTYjycxY) e^xeipfa tou 
$tX(iiou -tjto jjitxpd xapa6aXXo[xlvY) xpog tt)v 6?6votorv xal t6 xveu>a tou 
v£ou 'AXe^dvBpou, xpog TouTocg Be xal otc 6 jjlev ?Bcxog twv gaatXeog -tjto 
xXouaiogxal ia%ugbq dXk' oti 6 'AXe^avBpog e^eXXs vd xaTaaTaSfj yiyag 
xal xoXug. 

'H^epav Ttvd ^eydXYjg T<p6vTt axouBijg ^TjTYj^a xpoexutpe [A£Ta£u 'AXe- 
?dvBpou xal twv auv£Ta(pwv auTou. ((Tloloq ix twv xpoy£V£aTlpo)V xoXt- 
Ttxwv dvBpwv tt]<; *EXXdBo<; elvat jA£YaX£tT£pou 0au(JLaa[jLou d^toq;)) Kal 6 
[i£v ^ApxaXo^ w<; toioutov xpoeteivs t6v 'AXxtBtdBYjv, 6 B^ Niapxoq t6v 
Kf^wva, 6 'EpcyuIo^T^vOE^taToxXia, 6 IlToX^aToqT&v IlEpixHa, 6*H<pat- 
(jtcwv t6v 'Exa^£iv(i)vBav xal 6 ^iXwTag Ilauaavtav tov AaxsBatjj,6vtov. 
IIpoax\Yj0£VT£<; B' ux6 tou T)Y£pLov6xaiBo<; 'AX£^dvBpou vd ixcppdar) I'xacrToq 
ttjv IBiavTou, 6 yiv^ApxaXof; e!x£V otc Baupid^wT^v 'AXxt6tdBTjv, Biotc oad- 
xk; t)0£X£V YjBuvaTO y) vd (b(p£X-n y) vd ^XdxTYj ttjv xaTpfBa, 6 N£apxo<; £lxe 
Bed tov Kiu-wva oti <ptXa>v ttjv xaTpfBa icpdvYj Xfav dpLVYjacxaxog, 6 'Epiyutoc; 
i0auy.a^£ t6v @£[xiaToxX£a &<; viXYjaavTa jjLEydXYjV xal Xa^xpdv iv SaXapitvi 
vtxYjv, 6 IlToX£tJLaIo? i0autxa^s t6v IlEptxXIa, Biotc £v BrjpLoxpaTta xaT(op- 
0o)a£ vd @aatX£UY),xp6<; toutoi^ Be xal Bi6t& to<toutov ix£[X£XY]0Yj vd xaX^w- 
x(aY) Td<; 'A0Y)va<;, 6 *H<pataTto)V t6v 'Exa^EtvwvBav, &q exovTa pisydXYjv 
cptXcav ^ji£Td tou cuaTpaTYjyou tou IIsXoxtBou, 6 B£ ^I'koi'cac, elxev ixl t£Xou<; 
^ti ^0aupLa^ST6vIIauaav(av BtdTY)v h TlXaTatalc; vixtqvtou. Kal ^x xpwTY)<; 
[kh dcp£TY]pta(; xsptlpyw; &Xexo[X£V oti Ixajro? twv cuvsTafptov, l^dvY) 0au[xd- 
t^wv t6v ou-otov tou xo\itix6v xaTa ts t6v xtxpowtriptx xal Td (Biw^aTa, 6 B' 
'AXI^avBpOf; dxoucag Tag ixtxpfastq twv dXXwv, ((BsSatax;, elxs, xdvTsq 
ouTot slvat oc^tot jAsydXou 0au[xaa[xou Bid Tag dpSTat; twv, d\X* ouBscq toutwv 
xaTo!)p0d>aev o,Tt KaXXtxpaTcBag (6 AaxeBai[j.6vtO(;) y)uxy)0y) jjlst' dyava- 
XTY)aswg dvaxwpwv e*x ty)<; auXrj<; tou vswTlpou Kupou. 'E^axoXouSwv 



12 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

outoc; tov KotTd twv 'ASiQvatcov xoXspiov y.at ^t) Buvd^£vo<; vd Xd6Y) Td Bid tov 
tAiaSov twv vauxwv uxoax £ 6 £VT( * xpYj^aToc xapd tou Ileparou, dxY]X0£ Xtav 
xaptopyta^jiivoq. Ar/.acoTaTYjv 8* ^ecppaasv £uxy)v vd BuvY)0f) vd ou^iXioxtyj 
touc; "EXXiqvac;, costs ouxot ( v EXXyjv£<; 6vts<;) vd ^ dvayxd^toVTat vd xoXa- 
xsutoat $ap6dpou<; £v£X,a xP^dTtov, dXX' ixelvot dx£vavTta<; vd y.oXax.£uwat 
xal vddx,oXou0obaiTou<; w EXXy]vcxc;». — 'AXXd to ipyov touto elvat Buax £ P £ - 
aTaxov xal tiiya, elxsv 6 <J>tXioTag. — Nat Bu<JX £ P £<JTaT0V %a\ [Asya, OxsXaSsv 
6 'AXl£avBpo<;, Bt6 xal ^iya<; dvr)p dxatTEirat xpo<; KaT6p0co<jtv tou xpdy- 
(xaio?. 

@£pdx(ov B' Iv TOUTOtq, tov oxotov -qydxa 6 'AXI^avBpoq ax; BtBdaxovTa 
ocutov xpoGu^ox; vd ixx£uyj, xpoaeXOwv tw slxsv, oti d^toXoyov Ttva ixxov 
ecpspav Bid xtbXiqaiv y.<zi 0Tt 6 xaTYjp ccutou koctsSiq s(<; tt)v auXrjv ^exd twv 
uxaaxtJTcov *.al twv <p(Xiov vd Boxt^daioaiv ocutov. 

@£aaaXo<; £^xo pog, xaXo uu*£vo<; <f>iX6v£tx.o<;, e^epsv e!<; tov gaatXIa <J>tXix« 
xov^iyav, ta^upov xat atpptywvTa ixxov, K.aXouEi£vovBouxi<paXov, xpoTdvtov 
8ti t&v s'xcoXei BsxaTpta TdXavTa* zal •tjto [ih tw ovtc uxspoyxog yj tc^jly] 
ocuty), dXX* 6 <l>tXixxos ixtOu^iwv vd dxoXauafl tov Yxxov, s^yjX0sv st<; t^jv 
xsBtdBdyi£TdTtbvauXix.ibvTou xpo<; Boxt^aatav auTou,dXXdTo<jouTovd'yptov 
xai dBdu.a<JT0V ^toov fjTO, coaxs ouBstc; dToXpia vd txxeuqg, 6 Bs ^tXix- 
xoc; dyavaxTTjaac; BtsTa^s tov ©saaaXov vd dxaydyfl tov ^atvo^svcv Yx- 
xov TOU. 

Ttjv aTty^v ixstvyjv xpoasXGwv %al 6 'AXe^avBpoi; ^eTd t&v cuveTat- 
ptov tou, Bev TfjBuvrjOY) vd /.pu^Yj ttjv Xuxtjv tou, ^Xexwv OTI dxsxsfjixov TOV 
cbpalov Yxxov* ((q"[loi, dvsSoTjasv, oxoTov Yxxov dfrjvouv vd <puyfl dxo Ta? x £ ' - 
pd<; Twv, s§ dxstpfa^ y.al <p66ou \xi) toX^l6)vts<; vd t6v ixxsuawatv.)) *0 
^(Xixxoc; xaT* dp^d? ^GswpYjae tou^ X6you<; tou utou tou (bg (JLWpouq xal 
xaiBaptcoBstq, dXkb ^Xsxtov ocut6v ix'.^evovTa %al Xuxou^evov i\> TauTy 
Btd t^v dxoxopixT)v tocoutou euysvout; t^wou, <b<; eXeye, — ((KaTiqyopecc;, tw 
elxs, tolx; [isyaXsiTspou? aou, (b? vd yvwpf^g <ju vd tov ixxeua^c;, dv o[Lteq 
Bsv Buvf]0fj(; vdT^v Ixxeua^q t( vd xdv^q)); ((Ttjv ti^t)v tou Vxxou, dxYjvTYjffs 
^£0* op^fjq 6 'AXI^avBpog)). w AxavT£<; y.aT£XY]90Y]aav ux6 daSiaTou y^XwTo<; 
^xi T(I) Xoycp Toux(p* tIXoc; o^wc; 64>tXtxxo<; au^6ouX£uaas T6vu!6vTouvd 
dx£XT)dx5 TotouTov ixtxivBuvov £ ? xtx £ 'P Y ]t Jt ' a j' u 4>^ wa£TT ) v «^ £tav vdlxxEuarj 
t6v Yxxov. Xa(po)v6 'AXe£av8po<;, d^laax; Xa^6dv£t ttjv Z£(paXT)v tou Bou- 
%£<pdXou, y.a\ xapaTYjpY)aa<; otc dxpt touBe 6 Yxxo<; I^oBsIto 6x6 ttj<; !Bfa<; 
auTOu ax.ta? Tapaaa6fjL£voq, axpicpEt ttjv ^EqjaXrjv tou i^wou xp6? t6v YJXtov, 
xal cruyxp6vw<; Bid tt)<; x £l P^ T0V xaTaxpauv£i 0o)x£ua)v auxdv. Outo) x<%t<z- 
aTTjaat; T)[JL£p(i)T£pov T6vBou%lq)aXov, dcpiQvst Yjauxw? tt)v /Xa^uBa %al dva- 
XY)B(jt e*xl ttj<; pdx£W? tou Yxxou. Kal ccpfyy£t jjl£v %oli* dpx«<; t6v x«^iv6v, 
dXX* .oD'ts ttjv (AaaTtya, outs tou<; xTspvtaTfjpat; etalTt (A£Tax£tp^£Tai, 
y.aXwq B' ix* a^TOu GT£p£O)0£{<;, t6v y.£VT<? iXacppw; Btd twv xT£pvtaTY)pwv 
xal t6v xapoTpuv£t Btd 0£Xy.Tty.f)<; <pwvf)<;. 'Ev dy.ap£t 6 Yxxo<; lylv£TO d^av- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPO Y 1 3 

Tog, %(xl 6 \xh <J>(Xtxxog xal ot xspt auTOv pievouaiv a<pG)vot, dvax6<p£uxTov 
0£G)pouvT£g tov oXsGpov tou 'AX£g"dv8pou, dXX' 6 xalg TsXsiwaag <paio*pa)$ 
ttjv xopsiav tou, £%i<7Tpe<pet uxspYj^avwg xat v Gpia^SeuTixwc;, ^atpwv otc 
s'Bdpiaasv Yxxov oaTig £vo^sto otc tjto xavidxaatv cfyaXivtoTog xal aTiOaa- 
asuTog' xal ol aXXot (jisv xspiffToix^avTsg t6v 'AXs^avBpov, ixYjvouv auTOv 
dXaXdL^ovTsg* 6 8s <I>£Xixxog , a^a xaTs6iq tou txxou, (ASTa xapag ^vayxa- 
XtaOstg auTov, «Yls \xqu, T<j> efos, ^ttjjov a'XXo jJLsyaXsiTspov jtaatXstov, 
BtOTt^ MaxsBovia elvai puxpa Sid as.)) 

At' xsptaTaastg 8sv £xsTps<|;av fs6a(o)q elg tov 4>(Xtxxov va Xd6fl I?i8t- 
aatAsvYjv dvaTpotp^v £v MaxsSovta Te /.at xapa Tolg 'IXXupcotg' dXX' e!g 
©T)6ag dptaTYjg tu^wv euxacpfag va auvBtdyfl y.sTa tou tots ivSo^ou CTpa- 
TYjyou 'Exa^sivwvSou uxo ttjv 7U)8s[Jiov(av tou iE6%ou xaTpog auTou, tou 
IIoXutJiviBog, xiGavwTOCTov oti eXa6s ^aXXov y tjttov ^opqxoaiv Ttva, %<x\ 6ccb 
xstpag ^yvwptffs Ta xaXa auTJjg CKX0TsXs<i[AaTa, oGsv %<xi xaT* auTifjv £91X0- 
Tt(iY30iQ va dvaOpe^YJ tov ulov tou 'EXXiQvixwTaTa. Kal efys Iasv t) 'EXXdg 
xapax^aast xaTa tyjv xoXtTtxfjv aurqg (a^uv xat ixtpporjv, dXX' f)TO <^<p' £t£- 
pou ecg tov TtoXocpwva T-qg 91X0X0717% auTijg BogWjg, %<xi xaTa ti?jv exo^v 
TauTTQV TJ%(JLa^ov 0! ixtJY) plots pot to>v (ptXoao^wv aurrjg nXdTwv *at 'ApcaTO- 
z£\riq t ol xept^ptoTepot pY)TOp£g, AY][Aoa0£VY)g, Ala%ivri<;, Auxoupyog, 'Yx£p(- 
Siqg, AYj^dBY]? %<xl f) Xotx^) x°P £ < a ™v Blxa Xeyopievwv p^Topwv, xp&g to6« 
Totg 6 nXdTwv IStatTipav zl%z ^tXtav ixeTa tou <I>iXcxxou, 6 xoct^p tou 'Apt- 
aTOTsXoug, 6 Ntxopiaxog, yjto ?aTp6g xapa Tf) auXf} auTou, ijxoue §k xat iyC- 
vwax£V 6 4>(Xcxxo? x6aov ^slx £ 5taTdj tt?jv [xdG^atv 6 x£pta)vujjLO<; tiaSiQT^ 
tou nXdTG)vo<;, 6 'AptaTOTiX^c;, wgts s'its xal c?{jl£jo)(; xoctcc ti?jv yewtqciv 
tou uiou tou, e'tTS %<xi pL£Ta Tcva xp6vov oc9apxal^6(j.£vo<; 6x6 tou tX£fdXoo 
toutou euTux^aToc, ISioxeipuq £ypa^£ Tifjv dx6Xou0ov ^xtaToXifjv elq x6f 
iv STaydpioc; StaTp(6ovTa (ptX6ao9ov: 

(('O 4>iXiccxo<; ei<; tov 'AptdToteXnv 2C a »9 e « 

((Md0£ oti [Lo^q IyevvyjGy] ut6g. IToXu EUxaptcTO) Toug 0£o6<; ou^i Toaou- 
tov Bt6Tt IyevvtqGtq 6 xat?, dXXa Bt6xt iy £vvyj6y) e(<; Tag Yj^ipac; aou. 'EXxft^o 
oti <2v dvaTpa^fj xal lx.xatS£u6"fi dx6 <j£, GdXet xaTaaTfi a^tog ut'6<; [L<xq xat Ixa- 
v6<; va 8ta££x0TJ t6v 6povov piag.)) 

KaTa to B£/.aTov TpiTov £to<; T-^g "r]Xix.(a<; tou 6 'AXI^avBpog xap£860iQ 
elq Tag %elpaq tou *AptaTOT£Xoug, 8<ttc<; <2XXots jxev cuvStlTpi6s {jL£Ta tou 
^a0Y]Tou tou e?g tt?jv xpu)T£uouaav T^g Ma>t£Bov(ag, tt^v IllXXav, 5cXXoTe hk 
cuvaxTjpXETO ^A£t' auTou st'g Ta STayEtpa, tt?)v xaTpcBa tou (pcXoao^ou. Tt?jv 
x6Xtv TauTir]v e!x £ xptv xaTaaTpl^ei 6 <l>(Xtxxog, wg dx£t07](ja(jav y.aT' auTou, 
vuv b*£ xdptv tou 'AptaTOTlXoug auv(oxta£v auT^v £y. vlou xal Xaptxpwg auT^jV 
ixaXXwxt(j£. T6xov 8s 8ta Tag cxouSdg %<x\ tt?)v BiaaxIBaatv aikwv xpoa- 
Btwptas TOxaxaT^v Mt£?av Nu^aiov, 8xou \x£%9t twv XP 0VWV Toi J riXou- 
Tap^ou iBstxvuovTO X(0tvat IBpat tou 'ApiaTOT^Xoug y.al uxoaxtot xsp(xaTOt. 



14 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANArPOY 

Kataot tocjoutov veoq 6 'AXsc^avBpoc; d^iiacoc; dveyvcoptas tyjv dc^tav tou 
BtBaay.dXou tou yat xoaac; cbcpsXetac; YjBuvaTO vd dpuaGfj xap' auTou, y.al ouyj. 
(jlovov cieydXcoc; ax* dpxYJ? ^TtLiayat eaeSeTO aiiTov, dXXd xat dxeptypaxTOv 
dydxYjv xat dcpoatcoatv Betyvucov etc; t6v dvBpa auxvdy.tc; xepl ocutou eXeyev etc; 
tou? auvYjXty.tcoTac; ot& 'isyjv ^dptv sytvcoaxev si? t6v BtBdcjyaXov tou ocjyjv si? 
t6v xaTspa tou, Bioti 6 Liiv <3?iXtxxo? Tw sBcoaev dxXco? to £tjv, 6 Be 'AptJTO- 
tIXyj?to eu ^rjv. IldvTOTS Be /.at dBtayoxco? 6 <pp6vt[jio? xaTaTouTO <f>iXtx- 
xo? xapYjyysXXev ei? tov 'AXec;avBpov vd xaTa6aXXY) yLSfdXiQV xpoaoxYjv y.al 
ext^eXsiav st? Ta ^aG-rj^iaTa tou 'ApiaTOTeXou? y.at vd xapaBtBYjTac et? tyjv 
cptXoaotpiav costs Be' auTYj? ((vd xpocpuXaTTeaat, tw eXeye, cjiyj xpdc;Yj? y.at au 
sc; dyvota? aou xoXXd, Bid Td oxola xat eyeb LieTavoco xpdc]a? auTdc.)) 

'Ext Tpia sty] 6 'AXecgavBpo? e^aGYjTeuas xapd T<p 'AptaTOTsXst xal 
xapsxTO?Tcov iyyuy.Xtcov ^aGr^aTtov, etc; a stsXsioxoiyjGyj xap' auTcp, saxou- 
B:ccrs xp6? toutoi? xat Biacpopou? dXXa? yvcoast?, ttjv XoytxYjv, tyjv <puatxrjv 
y.at LjisTa xXstoTspou t^rjXou ^BoGy) vuv xat si? ttjv sxouByjv tyj? cpiXoaocpta?' 
^sydXat Be •qaav at xpooBot tou xatBo?, y.al dvdXoyoc xpo? to cpuast sc^oxov 
xvsuu.a xat ttjv LLsydXYjv ext^eXetav, yjv 6 pisya? tptXoaocpo? xaTsSaXs xpo? 
exxatBsuaiv tou syTay/cou ^aGYjTou tou. 

'0 'Apt<TT0Ts7orj? xp6? toutoe? IBtBa^e yaTa @dGo? tov veov Li.aGYjT'rjv tou 
Td Xeyo^eva cieTacpuaixd, yjtoi Td? Li.sTd Td cpuatxd BtBacjy.o^sva? sxifJTYjLia? 
sc; ou y.at to ovou.a eXa6ov* sxs^sXyjGyj Be vd BtBdc;Yj aiiTov xat Ta ^aGiq^aTixd, 
cog iqaayouvTa tov vouv tou dvGpcoxou si? tyjv opGoTYjTa xat tyjv dxpi6stav, 
ouBs xapsTBev 6 aocpo? BtBday.aXo? tyj? axouBij? tyj? irjGiyYJ?, cjiyj Xd6a? vd Bi- 
Bdc^Yj tov xaTBa %aTd to auaTr^a tyj? Ixaycoyou cxeGoBou tou ScoypaToug, 
ti IjtIv euaeSeta, Tt eciTtv dae&eta, Tt Btyatov, tc aBtyov, ti dyaGov, tc y.ayov^ 
t( copalov, Tt BuaetBeg, yat Ta Totauxa. Toutou B' eveya yat auvtaTa ext u.aX- 
Xov etq t6v 'AXe^avBpov tyjv yvcoatv tcov Bpa[xaTtycov xotr^Tcov, eppovcov otc Td 
xotYjLiaTa auTcov ^op^ovouat tyjv yapBtav tou dvOpcoxou* exo^evcoq Bev xeptco- 
pit^eTO [jlovov 6 Igoxog dvYjp etg tyjv xvsuii.aTiy.fjv dvdxTu^tv tou xatBog, dXXd 
7.7.X xcptTYJg^Giyfjg auTou LjLopcpcoaew? dcppovTi^expo xdvTcov, xexotOcbc; otc au- 
tyj u.6vr y egeuysvtt^et tov d'vGpcoxov, y.aX6v y.at dyaGov dxoyaGtcjTcoaa aiiTov y.al 
dX^Gfj styova ty^c; Gsotyjtoc;, y.at oti d'veu toutou 6 d'vGpcoxoc; dxoSatvet tcttq- 
vcoBtq?. 

'Qq V etc; xdv elBoc; LiaGYjaecoc;, outco y.at etc; tyjv pYjToptyfjv, 6 'AptaTOTe- 
Xyj? Bsv IXst^s vd £c;aay.YjaYj tov vsov Li.aGYjTYjv tou, yat stc; auTov dtptspcoae to 
dcioXoyov xspl pYjTOpty.^c; ^tSXtov tou, svtco xpoot^tcp auTou cxdXtaTa eyGe- 
aaqxotac; cocpeXetagT6 xpoTepYj[jia tou Xoyou xape^et Bt' o5 6 xaToxo? auTou 
fiaat'Asuct stc; xvsupiaTa tcov d'X7,03v. 

II6c:ov os y.al 7,aTa Ta yscoypacptyd iTeXstoxotYjGYj 6 'AXIc^avBpoc; cpatvs- 
Tat eV. tyj? cxsyaXexY^oXou tBeac; yjv icgeeppa^s, Xeywv OTt cjieydXcoc; YjGeXe Btsu- 
y.oXuvG-fj to l^xoptov cSv Bto^puaasTO 6 taG[i6c; ttjc; KoptvGou, yat It, Tcovxpoa- 
$6pcov Geaecov etc; ac; iy.Tt^ovTO veat xoXstc;. 




O AlAAZKAAOr TOY AAEEANAPOY APirTOTEAHU 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 15 

*AW 6 'ApiffTOTeT.rjq tov [Liytxv e^lxocuaev i%\ ^.aXXov £rjXov tou 'AXe- 
cjdvBpou et? tov w O[jnqpov, Bcop0a>aa<; xal xaXXtoxfoaq (bpatov ccvt(tuxov ttj<; 
'IXtdBog ijv xal dxexdXet e'qioBcov «rij£ xoXepuxf)<; dpeTijc, oxep xal 6 'AXe£av- 
Bpo<; e0£TS t^v vuxTa xaSeuBwv y-eTd toO Jjtyous 6x6 t6 xpo<jxe9dXai6v tou. 
Ou^l 8' e*x xepiepYecag, outs £*? dx)aj<; tivo<; xTaaewg 6 'AXe^javBpot; xa0' 
oXova^ToO Tov$(oveB(BeTO eV(iavw<;ei<;T^vdvdYV(oacvxal^eXe^ir)VTou'OtJiT}- 
pou dW* 15 «utou IxtSupuov vd dvTXfj utJ'iqXd (ppovrj^xaTa {AsyaXou gaaiXlox; 
xal (xeyaXou BopuxTYjTopo?. Mexa^u twv dXXtov ctc^wv tou *Otnfjpou 6 
'AXe?avBpo<; xposTf^a xal yieTa (isyaXou e\0ou acajou dveYcvwaxeToix; xa- 
ptaTWVTa? t6v 'A-fa^ji^vova (bq xaXov fiaaiXea, xotjxeva Xawv xal yevvatov 
xoXsjjLt(jTY)v. HuxapcaTeiro Be to: ^lytaTa 6 euq>ui?)<; veavfaq ots 6 'Apiaro- 
tsXtq<; T(p i?T)Y£t XexTo^spwi; ttjv evvoiav tou wpatou toutou gt(x°<J, XeYwv 
oti /.a6o)<; 6 xot^Tjv 6<pe(Xet vd cppovTi^Y] xepl twv xpo6aTa)V tou, wuts vd elvac 
TauTa awa xal uftYJ, xal vd exwatv lyxafpox; t^v dvayxafav TpocprjVTWv, outw 
xal 6 <TTpaTY)Y&<; o^efXet vd cppovTi^ xepl tg>v arTpaTiwTwv tou xal vd xpo^u- 
Xczttt) auTo6<;, xape/wv Ta ccxatTo6^eva xpo<; ffuvTYjpYjafv twv, — xal 6 gaac- 
Xeu?, £v yevet 6 riyz^vzou Xaou, vd {JLspt^va Bta tou<; 6xy)x6ou<;tou, Bieuxo- 
Xuvwv e?<; aOTOuq Td dxatTouyieva xp&s guvty)py]<7cv tg>v (jiaa xal Y evva ^ w ? 
avTa^etStov exaaTov xaTa t9)v d£(av tou, ouyl B' dxXou<; OsaT^q xa0caTd(Aevo£ 
e?<; Td<; xpd£ec<; auTwv, BtoTt tots dxoOappuvec xal dxovexpwvet tt?jv e£<; 
Ta xaXd xpo0u{x(av twv. 

T6 {iiva ae6a<; xpo<; tov "Opnqpov BteBYjXwaev 6 'AXlJjavBpo*; ote y.aTa 
T^jv iv 'Ap6r)Xot<; ^dxr]v tou Aapsfou eupwv lv ty] axYjvfj auTou xoXu- 
tsXs<; xut(ov xaTeOsaev Ivt6? auTou t6 xoXutc^lov ckvtituxov, (5xsp 6 'Api- 
jtotIXtqc; Bi' auTOv xapsaxeuaas. 

Kal ^acvsTat oti 6 'AXe^avBpoq ^Bs(xvusv dx.oXou0a)q (j;uxp6TT)Ta Ttva 
e?s t6v BtBaaxaXov Tou,dXXd dcp' ETspou arvaiplpeTat oti 6xTax,6ata TaXavTa 
£Baxdvir]<J£ xpo6u^oupLsvo<; vd PoyjOtqcy) t6v 'Api<jtot£Xyjv eiq Tag xepl tt?jv 
q?uatxf)V taTOpcav ipeuvaq tou, xal BtaTaaawv tou<; xuvtqyouc;, tou? dXtecq 
/.al xdvTaq tou<; xepl Td ^wa e'vaax o ^o'J^evou(; vd uxaxouwatv et<; t6v 'Apt- 
jtotIXtqv, xpoa^epovTec; e!q ocut&v Td auXXa[x6av6[jLeva ^wa y,al 0Y)pfa, xal 
^L£TaBtBovTeg Td<; Bid ttjs xetpa? xepl twv dvTtxet^lvwv toutcov Yvwaet? 

T(i)V. 

"O^i pitxpdv Be xp6<; toutok; xXfatv. y.al BtdOeatv 1% veapdg ^Xtxtaq 
iBeixvuev 6 'AXi£avBpo<; e?<; Tdq y.aXd<; Te^vczg, xapaB6^o)<; yivwjxwv dxa- 
aav t^v d^tav xal t^v i§ ccutwv xpoepxo^evrjv eiq tt?)V y,otva)v(av (b^eXetav 
xal xpwt^tix; ^avSdvwv vd £xti[i$ auTa. Elvat Y VG)aTOV ^Tt ^ ^(OYpa^ixirj 
■^ Y^ u>rcTtx ^ 7>a ^ f) dpxtTexTovtx*?) ^vOiQaav ^xl T^t; ^aatXetag tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou, BioTt e*v auT({) dxiTu^ov xpiTTjv voY]^ova xal Ixti^tt^v (jLeYaX6Bwpov, 
^aitc; Ixl x«vt6<; s'tBou*; Btaxptvwv IxaaTov dvTtxetfjLevov, to dvTT]^et6e xpo- 

7Y]X0VT0)<;. 

IIaiBi60ev 6 'AXe^avBpoc; dxeaTpe^eTo tou<; IxtSapcpBouq xal tou<; 



16 ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

auXr^dq, aXXd xal ex [xtxpdc; TjXtxtac; Yjydxa tyjv ^ou<tixV)v xal xpwtfjiGx; 
ec;etxev e!<; tyjv cptoVYjTtxYjv yiouatxYjv xpo xdvTWv. AeyeTat 8ti xal 6 xaT-fjp 
tou dxouaac; auTov <3cBovTa x a P l sv™? lv auywcocicp, «Aev ata/uvsaat, t<j> 
elxev, a'Swv tocoutov xaX&c;;)) 

Kal ttjv (aTpixrjv B' eBtBdxOf} 6 'AXe^avBpoc; £x veapdc; rjXtxtac; xapd 
Tou , ApiaTOTeXou<;ge6ata,xX'rjV opitoc; Bev xeptwptaGiq ^ovov e!q t6 6c(i)pT)Ttxov 
auTrjc; {A£po<; dXXd xal etc; to xpaxTtxov ^eydXigv eBet^ev ecpeatv xal xoXXd- 
xt<; d5oT]0et cptXouc; tou ex voaou xdc;x o VT a S> *•<*' e(<S touc; TpaujJiaTtac; Be 
ty)v xpocrrjxouaav 6epaxetav xal BtatTav Bteraaaev. 

'Ev ^Jttac Xec;et ToaauTYjv 6 'AXe£avBpo<; cptXoTt^tav xal i<pectv eBetc;ev elc; 
Td ypd^aTa xal etc; xdv iv yevec etBoc; yvuxreGx; xal ^a6if)cj£G)c;, coerce dxo- 
XouOwc; xapexoveOrj etc; tov ^AptaTOTeXrjV, BtoTt eBiqpiocjteuae Ta @t6Xta tyjc; 
MeTacpuatxiqc;, cmva auT6c; jjlovo<; exe6u^£t vd yvwpt^Y). ((Ilotav Btacpo- 
pdv 6d exo> £yw, eXeyev, dxo touc; dXXouc; dvGpwxouc;, dv at u^YjXal yvaxretc; 
Tag oxotac; jxe eBtBac;e<; yetvwcn yvwaTal xal xotval etc; axavTac;; 'Ayvoetc; 
^TtxpoTt^w xaXXtaepov vd e^e^o) xat vd uxepTepw touc; dXXouc; xaTa Ta? 
yvctxjetc; xapd xaid tyjv Buvajxtv ;)) Kal xoTe 6 *AXec;avBpoc; eypacpe Tau- 
Ta ; "Oxe ^to tuXyj prjc; xovtoptou xaTaBtwxwv tov AapeTov xal xaTa t6v 
OxepTaTov @a6[ji6v tyjc; cptXoBo$ta<; tou. 

Aid tyjc; dytoyYJc; TauxYjc; 6 'AXec;avBpoc; rjGeXYjae vd xaTacrufj yteyac;, 
YjSeXYjae vd cpavfj ev y£vet ecjoxoc; k«6' o^ a swrt KaG* oXa exeTu^ev 
apWTa. 

Ttc; BuvaTat vd e't'xfl otiyj tux*) xalatxeptaTaaetc; xaTeaTYjaavTotouTov t6v 
*AXec;avBpov, xal ou^l oti y) xpoawxtXY) aikou d£ta ea%e to (xeyaXetTepov 
xaxd touto [Aepoq; 'AXXd xal Bev Buvd^eOa vd dpvrjSwpLev oti xal 6 xaTYjp 
xal 6 utog ea^ov ttjv xpovotav Xtav dpwyov xal euvouv, 6 ^ev <l>(Xtxxoc; eu- 
TUXTjaaq vd dvaTpa<pfj ev jxepet xal xaTa ttjv veavixrjv YjXtxcav tou uxo tov 
jAovaBtxov tou dp/afou xoapiou YJptoa, tov 'Exa^eivwvBav, 6 B' 'AXe£av- 
Bpog extTUXwv BtBdaxaXov tov 'ApiJTOTe)a]V, xepl ou Xtav eu9uwq xal eu- 
aioxuq 6 MiXtwv elxev oti 6 jieyac; vou? tou xveu^xaTixou xoa^xou xaOwBr)- 
yr y ae tov 'AXe^avBpov vd Bet^TQ xoayjv uxepox^v exet to xveu^xa i%\ tyj<; u- 
Xtq?. 

'Ex veapdq xp&q toi? aXXoi? YjXtxcac; 6 'AXe^avBpog xapiaTdTac oti 
elxe x a ? ay -^"0P a e6epe0iffTov, op^Tixov xal dpycXov, xal ouBoXax; [kh i<pat- 
Vcto oti uxexwpet etc; ttjv gtav, dWa xal euxoXox; exavrjpxeTO etc; tov 6p06v 
Xoyov xal t6 xaO^xov Btd tyj<; xetOouc;. noXXr) Be xaTa Taq Totauxac; xept- 
ffTdaetc; dzatTelTai ixtBsStoTYjc, xal 6 <l>tXtxxoc;, xatTOt BtxXrjv ec;ouatav exwv 
xal &q xaTYjp xal dq ^aatXeuc;, iv6(i.t^ev oti wcpetXe xal ^to xaTaX)oqX6Te- 
povvdjxeTaxetpt^TatTTjvxetSa), ^TjTGJv vdeXxuy) etc; eauTov ^jidXXov tt^v dyd- 
xt)v xal t6 aeSac; tou utou tou % t6v 9660V. MeydXiQV Be xpoc; auTov eTpecpev 
dydxYjv xal aTOpyrjv b 4>t)axxoc; xal da^evwc; ijxoue touc; MaxeBovac; xoXa- 



ISTOPIATOYMErAAOTAAESANAPOY 17 

xsuovtocs d[L(foiigouq xal axoxaXouvTag tov \ikv <I>tXtxxov apiaxov aTpaTY]- 
yov, tov B' 'AXI^avBpov xpdy^aTt gaatXea. 

'E^' oaov YjvBpouTO 6 'AXI^avBpos 6 ^frtXtxxot; s'its dva<pavB6v, s'its 
XaGpatax; £^Y]XoXouG£t Taq xaTaxTY]a£t<; aiiTou e't<; T£ ty)v 'IXXuptav xat tyjv 
®pdxY)V, xal TeXeuTaTov £t<; Ta<; xapd tov *EXXyj<jxovtov *EXXYjvtxd<; xoXstq 
axo6Xexwv, ix7]X0s xoXtopxwv tyjv IleptvGov y,al to Bu^dvTtov, dcpoppnrjv 
Xa&wv £x Ttvtov ^xQptxwv xtvYj^aTwv tou GTpaTYjyou twv 'AGYjvacwv Ato- 
xdGoug. KaTa tyjv dxouatav TauTYjv tou <l>tX(xxou, 6 'AXI^avBpoq, B£xa££ 
£T(ov YjXtxtav £X^v xal (jisiva^ xuptoq £v MaxEBovta twv faatXtxcov uxoGIgewv 
xal ty)<; a^paytBo?, dvlXa6£ axouBatov £pyov, £$ o5 xaTEBEtxGirj oxocov xpo- 
awxov '£[LeXXe vd BtaBpa^aTtafl exl tyj<; gxyjvyjs tou xoa^xou. MaGwv (kt 
dxEcrtdTYjaav ot MaTBot y) MatBapot, Xaog ty}<; ©pdxirjs, xaTotxwv xapd tyjv 
BuTtXYjv oxGyjv tou 2Tpuu*6vo<; xoTajJioO, £xl twv GuvopwvTYjg Max£Bov(a<;, 
Xa6wv £V t4> au.a yipo<; tou MaxEBovtxou GTpaTou, tou? (jtiv $ap6dpou<; 
xaTotxouq TYjq x6Xew<; £?£B(g)^£V dxotxtav B* £V auTfj xaG(Bpua£V £X Btaq>6- 
pwv guu-uJxtwv Xawv, (AETOvo^daac; auTY)v 'AXE^avBpouxoXtv. 

Kal ^uxvifjaavT£<; \xkv ot 'AGYjvacot s'x tou TajGapyou twv, £X£U.^av d(jie- 
ggx; dq tou? ux6 tou 4>tXtxxou xoXtopxouptlvou? tGX u pav ^oifjGEtav ux& tov 
crupaTYjyov XdprjTa, dXV ot Bu£,dvTtot yivo)<ixovt£<; <b<; Bo^o^avYj xal ap- 
xaya tov dvBpa toutov, Bev YjGsXYjaav vd BsxGwat xdv auTov Ivto? tyj<; xo- 
Xew<; tojv.OI 'A0Y]valot tot£ dvT* auToO eaTstXav tov <J>g)xc(dvoc, tov xp^^tov 
ixovopia^o^svov, \xexz txavYj<; BuvdpiEtoc;, Guyxpovwc; ^s *al ° &aatXsu<; TY^q 
Il£p(jta(; £X£jxd;£V dpyuptov xat Tpo^pd? eiq ty)v xoXtopxoupilviQV IllptvOov' 
outox; 6 3>tXtxxo<; £X(i>v axwv T]vayxda0Yj vd dxo^axpuv6fj £X ts tyj? Il£p(v- 
0ou xal tou Bu^avTtou. 

EtpYjvY) £xt teXou?, £aTO> xal xaT* ovopia, auvw^oXoyYjGY] pi£Ta^u Max£- 
Bovta? xat twv ^EXXyjvixwv xoXewv* dXk' a'tcpvYj? xaTtz tyjv dpx^v tou 338 
6 4>fXtxxoc; dazXdaaq elq tyjv ®£a<raXtav, £xupt£ua£ tyjv 'EXaT£tav, xoXtv, 
Bt' yj? irjBuvaTO £ux6Xwg xupt£U(ov iac, ©EppioxuXac; vd etaeXG-jQ £t<; tcc? xeBi- 
dBaq ty]<; 4>wxtBo<; xal BoccoTtaq. KaTa Ttva B' £ax£pav, tou 'Iouvfou jjlyj- 
v6q, a9tx£T6 Ttq £tq Ta<; 'AOYjvac; (plptov ty)v ixtTOUTtp e'cByjccv. *HTapaxY) 
xai 6 66pu6o<; tyjc; xoXegx; xaTd tyjv vuxTa ix£tvY]V uxYjp^av dx£p(ypaxTOt. 
Tyjv dxoXouOov Tj[JL£pav 6 AY]u.oa0£VY)<; 0)uJXy)<j£V £tc; tov Byju-ov xal xpoOu- 
[Lb>q ^Yjcpttj^a iv£xp(0Yj, Bt' o5 6 pY]TO)p dx^X0£V £t<; Taq ©Y)6ac, xat fJL£Ta \xe- 
yakriq Qp^yc, B(xy)V x £l ^^PP 0U dxoxpouaa<; B£tvov Ttva pif]T0pa, Bu^dvTtov, 
IluOwva xaXouu.£vov, ov £tx£ Tzi^tyBi 6 ^tXtxxoq vd x£tJY) tou<; ©Y]6a(ou<; vd 
d^dvtoat ^£t' auTOu, Ixetuxs Btd ty)<; Eupotac; twv Xoywv tou vd cjuvBeGyj 
auyLyLaxta ^ETa^u 'AGYjvatwv xat ©YjSafwv. STpaTO<; twv 'AGiQvatwv 6x6 
t6v XdpYjTa xal tov AuatxXfjv auvY]va)GY) ^£Td tou GTpaTou twv ©YjSatwv 
eiq ty^v x£BtdBa TYjg XatptovEtaq. *0 4>fXtxxo<; 30,000 GTpaTou dywv i%f)\- 
Ge xaTd twv @Y)6afo)V xal twv cuu^dxwv. 

npwTov tjByj xal 6 'AX£?avBpo<; xapY]xoXouGY)a£ t6v xaTlpa tou eiq ty)v 



18 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 

[idxTQV tyjc; Xatpwvetag xat dxo ToGSe lvepyY)Ttx.<oTepov xal outoc; Xa;x6dvet 
\iigoq elq Ta xpdy^aTa. Naoc; iuapax6iy.evo<; etc; tov xoTapiov Krjcptaaov 
yjto to cTpaToxeBov twv au^EJidxtov *EXXy]v(ov, (xeydXY) 81 Bpu<; xapd tyJv 
ox0t;v au-rou ^BetxvueTo dxoXouGwc; OTt t^to y) cxy]vt?) tou 'AXeSdvBpou.- 
t Hto Be tots BexaoxTaeTYjc; xat Btwxec tt^v (Acav xTepuya tou GTpaTou, xept- 
<TTOtxou[xevoc; ux0 e^xetptov CTpaTYjywv xat dvTtxapaTaxGetc; dxevavTt tou 
xeptwvu^ou tepou Xoxou twv ©Y)6atwv. *0 Xoxoc; outoc; yjto Tayjjia <7Tpa- 
tkotwv auyxet^evoc; It, vetov cptXoxaTptBwv xat euyevwv, cbpta^ivwv y) vd 
axoGavwat jAlxpiq evoq y) vd viXYjawat xaTa xpaToq. MdxY) xetajxwv xat 
xpaTepd auvey.poTTjGf] xaTa tyjv xeBtdBa tyjc; Xatpcovetag 6XeGptG)TaTY) dxo- 
6daa elg touc; v EXXY}vac;. IIptDToc; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ixtTeGetc; (ieTa veavtXYJc; 
xat xapacpopou 6p(JiYJc; xaTeaTpe^e tov tepov Xoxov twv ©Y]6at(ov, TauToxp6- 
vax; Be xat 1% Tpopiepou xtvSuvou eawae t6v xaTepa tou, eyxatpwg xpoaeX- 
0d)v etc; (SoiqGetav aiiTOu, xaTaxovouu-evou uxoT&vdxevavTtauTou xapaTeTay- 
[livwv 'AG-rjvattov. 

Ka^d t-^v [xdxY]v TauTY)v tj *EXXd<; ?px tffs va kuxtyj tov auxeva e?s £lvov 
^uy6v, xat yj MaxeBovta, Bpdxa xaT* dvaXoytav xe^ou aTpaTou exouaa, 
xaTtopGwae vd xpdc;y) o,ti Bev YjBuvYjGYjaav vd dxTeXeawatv ot Ilepaat Tepa- 
jTiaq Buvd^etc; etc; MapaGwva, etc; ZaXa^Tva xat etc; IlXaTatdc; xpiQffcpioxoi- 
TjcravTeq. 

KaTa to TeXoc; tyjc; £v Xatpcoveta (J.dxY]<; xeptepywc; xeptepxofjievoc; 6 
'AXe^avBpoc; etc; to xeStov, e<7TY) xaTa to ^epoc; evGa exeaovot tepoXoxtTat 
twv 0r;6atwv, 6 elc; xX-qatov tou dXXou, xXYjydc; axavTec; xaTd t« ctyjStq qpe- 
povTec;, Oczu^d^wv Be tt?jv dvB petav xat ttjv YevvatoTTjTa auTwv : «*Iepa! 
axtat twv dxo0av6vTO)v, dve6oYjae, Bev et^at iyw 6 a'tTtoc; T-rjc; toiocuttjc; gvlXt,- 
gaq y.al dxoTpoxatou ^otpac; u^lwv, dXk' yj ixdpaToc; Btacptovta, y^ ^r^txca 
I0VYJ dBeXcpd xczt Xaouc; 6u.ocpuXouc; vd iyetpwat ^tat$)6vov %€[ga xoct' dWr}- 
Xwv* ouxl Be ^jlovov Bev x a ^pw Twpa Btd ttqv xa0' u^wv vtxifjv, d^Xd xat tou- 
vavTtov Xuxou^at y.9) euTUXTjaac; vd exw upidc; ^covtczc; xat auveaxetpopievouc; 
xept i\ii, xa06jov jjidXtaTa t) auTY) 6pY]axeta xcxl yXwaaa %(x\ ot auTot x60ot 
(jlczc; auvBeouatv. 'Exatvw ty^v dvBpetocv u^wv, dXk' ixeGujjLouv xaT' czXXyjv 
xept'jTaatv vd dxe6atvov etq u^jlczc; xgi]ai[ioq. XatpeTe Xotx6v etc; Tdc; xaTot- 
xtac; tou "ABou ! XatpeTe, dvBpetot (xaxTjTat !)) 

Kal TauTa Xeywv 6 veoq Y^pwc; dxYjXSe axoyyt^wv Td Ga^epd Bdxpua 
4x6 tojv 6tp0aXpLwv tou. Kal auT6<; Be 6 4>tXtxxo<; e'XuxYjSir] touc; tepoXoxt- 
Tac; y.al txavrjv wpav YaTaTO 6au|xd^o)v auTouc; iizl Tfj yevvatoTiQTt ixov' dXX' 
elc; touc; xeaovTac; 'ASryvatouc; xpoaeXSwv, dxpexwc; xat dayjO^ovox; ic;eBTQ- 
Xwae ty^v d'xpav auTou x a P^ v xaTwv Ixt twv xTw^aTwv au-rdiv. *0 $tXw- 
Tac; etpwvtxwc; uxeBetc;e t6 xpdy{j.a etc; tov *AXec;avBpov* ((Aev XTatet 6 
xaTY)p [lo\j elg touto, 4>tXwTa, dxexpt0Y) 6 'AXec;avBpo<;, d\X* at xeptaTa- 
aetc; Bev Yjuvorjcrav auT^v vd exfl 'AptaTOTeXYjv BtBdaxaXov. Be6atoj<; rot- 
outov Tt Bev YjGeXe xpdc;et TOTe, Bioti YjScXe yvwpt^et y^Byj oxt '(Btov iyaOou 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 19 

dvBpo? elvou vd Ti[iwpfl £wvTa? tou? £y.0pou?, veal ouyl vd dxtB£ixvufl yev- 
vaiot^uytav et? Ta xTcV^aTa twv dxo0av6vTwv* yjOeXe Be xpo? toutoi? y v( *>" 
pi^et otc da^aXsia v(xyj? elvat y) ^ETpio^poauvYp). Kai xpo? tou? aty^a- 
Xwtoui; twv 'A0Y)vacwv xaT' dpyd? ^cpepGTj dyEpwyw? 6 <E>(Xixxo?, dXX' 6 
[jlstq^u aikwv £uptax6^£V0? pYjTwp Ar^BY)? avsyakiae ty)v y.£Yd)oqv aiiTOu 
dXa^ovEiav, e?xwv xpo? aikov : «'H TuyY), ftaatXeu, cou eBwae < xp6aw- 
xov 'AYa^i^vovo? xal au xpdTTSt? epyov ©spatTOu !)) 

'O 6pfa(x6oc; y^to xX-rjpY)?. Kal ot (jlsv @Y]6aTot ou yitxpdv £xa0ov ^tq- 
[itav, dxoXsaavTe? xpo? toT? dXXot? xal tov tepov aiiTwv Xoyov, xapd Be twv 
'A0Y)va(wv yOaot \Lh exeaov ei? t& xsBfov tyj? lAayYj?, BtaytXtoi Be ciive- 
>aj<p0Y]aav afy^d^wTOt* ot Be ),otxol xax rj ay u^xevoi It pdxYjaav el?<puyY)v £xa- 
vaxduvxTovTs? et? 'A0Y)va?. Kal 6 Ar^oaGevYjq auTO? 6 tov xoXe^ov Bte- 
Yecpa? eXa6sv waauTw? ty^v ^u^yjv (pepwv Ta oxXa. Ka0' 6Bov f) %k<x[Luq 
tou xepi£xXey0Y) e't? Ttva 6d[xvov, IxeTvo? Be vo^wv oti 0x6 e'yOpou cuve- 
Xy)$)0y], eppt^sv d^iaw? xaTd y^S tyjv daxfBa xpauyd£wv* <(^>£(a0Y]Te 
tyj? ^wy)? jjlo u )) . Kal o\lu<z ot <ptXoxaTptBe? 'A0Yjva!ot ypuaci) <?Te<pdvw icTe- 
(pdvwaav tov d'vBpa, outivo? xpoTpoxf) dTuyrj jjlsv dXV evBo^ov e'xeyefpY)- 
aav xoXe^xov 6xep tyj? auTovopua? twv *EX>,y]vwv. Aetvw? Be xal ty^v xaTa- 
aTpo^Yjv aikwv tocutyjv cpspovrs? ^lst' e\0o uacaa^jio u xap£Bey0Y]<jav Ta? e*xt. 
xXifjIjei?, a? 6 x£p(cpYj|jLO<; pYjTwp AuxoupYO? dx£T£tv£V elc, tov £va twv aTpa- 

TY]yWV. 

<('EffTpaTY)Y£ig, w AusixXe?, xal ytXtoi. xoXTtou l(pov£u0Y3aav, BiayOtoi 
B* f)x^a7^WT(ff0Y]aav. Tpoxaiov YjyEpGY] xpo? y.aTataxuvY]V tyj? x6X£w<;, 
xai y^ *EXXd<; axaaa uxeBouXwGy]. 'EaTpaTYjyEtq, ote TauTa xdvTa auvl- 
6r^aav, xal Twpa ToX^a<; vd £fjs xal vd ^XixYjt; t6 cpax; tou yjX(ou xal Bev ipu- 
6ptd<; xapouata^6^L£vo<; e(<; tyjv dyopdv ! . . » OfxTp6v B' 6 TaXa(xa)po<; Au- 
aiv.'kfiq £Xa&£ 0dvaTOV. 

'O Bexavoupyog $(Xixxo<; auveX0wv elq £auT6v, iGEWpYjaexaXovvdcpepOf) 
Yjxtwq xal pieTpto^povax; et? Touq Y^TTr;0lvTa<;, xal pi£Td twv ©YjSatwv ii£v 
<juvw^oX6Yr / a£V EfpiQv^v, dpxsa0£l<; ^ovov vd dcpYjaYj Max£BovtXY)v (ppoupdv £(<; 
TYjv dxpoxoXtv auTwv, ty)v KaBjJLsfav, dq B£ Tdq 'A0Y)va<; ^ky tqpxeuOy) l^ovov 
dxo>,6aaq tou? afy[JiaXwTOu<;, dXXd auyxpovwq exe^j.^ 6 T °v 'AvT(xaTpov, 
Iva twv ixiaYjpLOTipwv aTpaTY)Ywv tou, ^£Td tou 'AX£^dvBpou vd tpipwat Td 
6<7Td twv x£j6vtwv 'AOYjvatwv, {jlyjBev dXXo dxatTwv xap* ocutwv £c'(xy) vd x£^x- 
t];wjt xat outoi xaplBpou? £c<; tyjv guvoBov, y)v £(X£XXe vd cuYxpoTYjCYj e(? t6v 
Koptv0tax6v 'IaO^ov. 

Kal tw6vti 6 4>()axxo<; auyxaXeaa? tyjv auvoBov TauTYjv ^x Bta<p6pwv 
x6Xewv tyj? *EXXdBo?, xal xapaaTYjaa? dq aiiTOu? ^Tt dXY)0Y)<; axoxo? twv 
[lixgi touBe dywvwv tou y^to vd IxeXOy) xaTa ty)c; Hepaiaq, IxBixou^jlevoc; Ta? 
xaTa twv *EXXy]vwv u6p£t? auTwv, £*xetux£ vd dvayop£u0fj dpytaTpaTYj^o? 

ailTWV, XaiYjBY) Y)TOt(Xa^£TO Vd gaXfl £?? XpdHtV TOU? Xp6 XOXXOU lX£>,£TYJ0£VTa? 



20 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

\Leyd\ouq gxoxouc; ocutou* dXV spt8s<; pisTa^u tyjc; olxoysvdag tod CJVOMtU- 
^aaat sVuXuaav auxov vd tou<; xpayjxaToxoiYjqfj. 

*0 <l>(Xtxxo<; Xiav sxippsxYj? wv elq Tag Yj8ovd<;, xsptypdcp£Tai ot& f}TO 
adTaToq et<; Ta au^uyixd auTou x.a0YjxovTa,8io xal oaov •fjydxYjtJEV dq tyjv dp- 
Xyjv tyjv (bpafav 'OXu^xid8a, tocoutov ty^v cfoueaTpl^psTo xac tyjv latest vuv, 
8iaq>6pou<; 8s (xo^dc; ftal 8ia6oXdq Tjy£ip£ xoct' ocuttjc;* *al 6 IlXouTapxo? 

^£T(Z XOtY]Tty.OU ^apl£VTtC7[X0U (ZVa(p£p£t XlyWV, OTt TO) ^aVY) XOT£ 8pdy,wv £xts- 

Ta^ivog xapd to cwu-aTYjq 'OXu^xidBog, xafc touto X£y£Tai oti £^uxpav£Tov 
Ip(OTa xac Taq cu^uyixd<; <pi),09povYja£i<; tou <£t)axxou, costs cxavtwg x^sov- 
yjpx£to vd dvaxauirjTat xap'aiiTYj, s'its ^o6ou^£vog, &q ixpocpaai^TO, ^aydaq 
xal cpapjiaxa y,aT' gcutou xapd tyj£ yuvacy,6<; tou, s'its Bioti IXsysTO xal 8i£8(- 
Bsto xavTa^ou OTt 6 xapd Tfj 'O^upixidSt dvacpspopisvo? 8pdxwv tjto 6 Zsuq 

"A^L^WV. 

v Oxo)c; xal av z%r\ t6 xpdy^a, 6 $(Xixxo<; !<pspsTO Taav tpuxp&t; s?<; t*?jv 
'O^u^xidBa, ©saaaXdq 8s opXYjaTptag xal a'k'kaq toioutou s"8ou$ yuvalxag 
xposTcjJia auTYJ<;, ^s6' (5v auyxaTaXsysTat xat yj 4>i>Jvvy), ^yjtyjp tou Gsacv 
Tivd £v tyj taTopia xaTd xspiaTaasn; Xa66vT0<; 'AppcBafou' zat tsXo<; &q yd) 
dxayopsuopLsvYjg xaTa tou<; ^p6vou<; ixscvouq tyj<; xoXuya|xcag, xapd toic; @a- 
at^suai pidTaaTa, 6 4>(Xtxxo<; xaTayoYjTSuGdg i% tgjv Gs^yYjTpwv tyj<; V£WTaTYj<; 
/.at (bpaioTdTYjg KX£oxdTpag,dv£tjnd<; Tou'ATTaXou, hbq twv (JL£ya),£CT£p(i)v 
auXtxwv tou, £^tqty)<?s tyjv X £ ^P a afaYjq, %al yj 8yj toix; ^£t' <xutyj<; xo^xoSw? 
swpTa^s yd[xou<; tou iyxaTaXsi^as tyjv 'OXu^xidBa. 

Kaxd to cuvyjBes elq tou<; yd^oug au^xoaiov y.al h tw yilatp ty^c; Euwyjaq 
xa? ty^<; xpaixdXr^, 6 "ATTaXoq uxo ts TYjg (jlIGyj;; xai tyj<; xapotvfaq xapo^u- 
v6pi£vo<;, dv£*/.pa^£V oti o! Ma7.£86v£<; &yz\Kw vd ^yjtyjugxti y.al vd su^YjOwat 
xapd Twv Gswv vd BoOfj v6^t[xo<; BtdBoxo? dq tov ^aatXda. Ilapojv tot£ i*€i 
xal 6 <puast su£p£0taTo<; 'AX^avBpoq* (C¥L[LBiq 8s cot, otaxYj X£(pa>,Yj,)) dv£- 
66rja£, « v 6 6 o t eX^e^a)) ; xa! £ppt'ji£V ixt tyj<; y,£(pa^YJ<; auTou t6 xotyjpiov. 
T6 aiiT^ o[Lu>q xat 6 "AxTaXo<; £xpa^£ xaxd tou 'AX£^dv8pou. *H Y)auxta 
ouTto 8t£Tapdx0Yj otal ^yd^Y} xposxu^£V eptq. *0 4>fXtxxo<; elq ST£pav 
Tpdx£^av suptaxopisvoc; Teal dyavaxTYjaa? sy£(p£Tat iv to) au.a, ).Y]au-ova>v 
8' oti d^wXaivs y.aTd t6v x68a iv TauT(p 8^ y,al 6x6 tou o'tvou y.Xovou^s- 
vo<;, dxyupLvwaag t6 ^fcpo? 6p[xa vcaxd tou uiou tou, xal sutux&<; (jlsv 6Xt- 
a0Yjaaq sxsa£ jisTa^u twv xapd Taq Tpaxd^ag dvaxTavxptov' ot 8s cuv8atTU- 
^jl6vsc; dvsys(pavT£<; aiiT^v pi£Td ^tsydXYjc; 8uaxoX(a? ^xetuxov vd axo^wp^- 
awatv auTouq, TcaGoaov (JLaXtaia 6 'AXI^avBpo? 8ev dxE^iaxpuvsTo, d'k'k* 
YaTaTO xdpo^uvwv t6v xaispa tou 8td twv 7 w X£uaaTty,d)v toutwv X6ywv : 
«Aut6? slvat 6 jjlsXXwv vd ^d? cp£pYj ix, ty^c; 'Aa(a<; s(<; ty^v EuptoxYjv* %<x\ 
(v.Bwoq sxsa£ /.aTO) xai 8ev Yjpixop£t vd |X£Ta6fj dx6 tyjv [xfav 6iatv £?<; ty^v d'X- 
Xyjv)). 

IlGp xvsouaa y,aTd tojv veovu^wv yj cpua£t 6^60u[jlo? xal 6pyf),Yj 'OXu^x- 
xidq dx£cpdatas vd dx£X0Yj sx. T£ twv dvay/roptov y.at tyjc; Max£8ovca<;, tyjv 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 21 

B' dyavdx/UYjaiv tyjc; yiYjTpcx; aupL[Aepc^6^£vo<; xal 6 'AXe^avBpoq, ox; dya- 
xwv auTYjV [LaWov y) t6v <£()axxov, auxYjv yiv dxYjyayev e?q tyjv "Hxeipov, 
ty)v xaxpiBa tyjc;, ixeivo? B' dxYjX0ev el<; tyjv 'IXXupfav. 

MeTa Tiva XP 0V0V f)X0ev elq tyjv MaxeBovcav AiQ^dpaToq 6 KopfvStoq, 
tjTevdc; <jxl(j£t<; qnXcac; |xexa tou 4>iX(xxou ex^ov, * at ^ av iXeuOlpco? xat 
ocxefwc; jjlst' aikou auvBtaXeyo^evoc;, xpoGu^ox; 8' irjpGiTYjaev auT&v 6 <J>(Xtx- 
xoc; xwg xpog d\~kri\ouq exouaiv oT'EXXYjvec;. (( — IIoXu \kepi[Lvdq %*: TapaT- 
Tearat, elxev 6 AYj^dpaTOc;, 8ta tyjv Yjauxt'av tyjc; 'EXXdBoc;, evw to: cp(XTaTa 
eou BidxecvTac e?<; ToiauTYjv dvo)[Jia)aav)). 

BaOsax; tyjv £x(xXyj£iv TauTYjv auvGaa0av6[A£vo<; y.al 6 $(Xixxo<; xal to 
acpdX^a tou o^oXoywv, exeu^ev auT&v toutov tov AY][xdpaTov va xeiafl tov 
'AXe?av8pov va iiziai getyyi xapa T(p xaxpL 'Exl tw %goaxi]\Lazi Be tout(j) 
toQ au^6i&a<j^ou exavrjX0ov d^JUpoTepoi, dXV y) (jlsv 'OXu[ixcdc; xapcaraTat 
*aip6v e^atTou^evYj va e\BcxY]0YJ tov cu^uyov %ai tyjv dvTt^YjXov tyjc;, %ol\ elq 
ouBev aXXo zlq to ec^-rjc; 0eXotiev "By) auxYjv evacix ^ ^^ *) e ^ touto, auy- 
Xpovox; Be x.al xpoaxa0ouaav va xefafl tov dBeXtpov tyjc; tov 'AXe^avBpov, 
^acuXea ty^c; 'Hxeipou, va y,Y)pu^Y) x6Xeu.ov ftaTa tou <I>tX(xxou, BtoTt ((Twpa 
elvai 6 xaTaXTajXoc; xacpoc;, tw eXeye, va dxoaxaaGfj dxo atkov, y.ai va xa- 
TaaTa6f) dve^dpTYjToqW.'O B' uio<;ty)<; *A),e£avBpoc; exepav vuv xp6xeiTac va 
BtaBpa^aTtaYj gx.yjvyjv> <po6ou^evoc; ^ Bia twv (rrjxavoppatpcwv toO 'ATTa- 
Xou xapayx.G)vta0fj etc; tyjv BiaBoxYjv. 

IlY]^iBG)po<;, 6 aaxpdxYjc; tyjc; Kapiac;, GeXwv Bi* dyxtcTeiac; va cuvBeaYj 
aT£V(OT£pa<; aclasis yieTa tou xavtax^pou tote <£cX(xxou, tyjc; euxatpfac; 
ouTO) BpaTTTopLEvog va dxoaxaaOf) dx6 tyj? 7,uptapxta<; tyjc; Hzpaiaq, xi(x- 
^a<; el? MaxeBovfav t6v xap' auTO) BtaT£Xouvxa 'ApiaToy.ptTov, ^YjTYjae 
t6v (puatxov auTou utov, tov 'AppcBatov, hid ty^v xp£a6uT£pav auTou 0uya- 
T£pa. Aoyot Be xoXXot /.at Bta6oXal £y£vovTO £tq tov 'AX^avBpov xapd Te 
Tcov ipOaov y.ai ty^<; ^Tpoq tou, oti BfjBev 6 xaxYjp tou, Bta ydpiwv Xa^xpwv 
y.(xi xpay^JiaTtov ^£ydXk>v xapayxwvt^wv t6v 'AX^avBpov, xpoxapaax£ud- 
£« ^ov 'AppiBatov Bca tov 6povov. *0 cpuast eu£p£0tcjTO(; 'AXi^avBpo? 
X£tpax6et? ixt touto), xe^xet etc; Kapfav tov ©eaaaXov, OxoxptT^v tou 6ed- 
Tpou, va auvBiaXex07J u.£Ta tou IlY^iBwpou y.al va tov X£taYj va dtpYjaYj x,aTd 
piipoc; t6v voGov xat ^ awac; £xovTa Ta<; cppivac; 'ApptBalov %at va guvBegy^ 
auyyevetav yieTa tou 'AXe^dvBpou. Kal elq ytev tov IlYj^'Bcopov Yjp£ax£ 
&e6a((i)? x£ptaaoT£pov to tocoutov, xal yjByj xap£B£x0Y) tyjv xpoTaatv tou 'A- 
X£c;dvBpou' dW 6 ^>(Xixxoc;,^a0d)V t6 xpdy^a, xap(opy(a0Yj Ta ^iytaTa 
%at au^.xapaXa6(i>v ^£0' iauxou %<xl tov ^iXwxav, efaijXSev e?<; t6v xotTwva 
tou 'AXec;dvBpou y.al aiiTov yL£V xtxpwc; IxexTorj^e y.al wvefBtaEV OTt y^to dye- 
v^jc; y.at dva^toq twv xepl aiiTov dya0wv, I^yjtwv va yefvyj ya^Spoc; dv0p(oxou 
Kap6q y.al gdp6apov BouXeuovToc; gaatXea, Ttvdc; Be twv auveTafpwv auTou 
iqwptae tyj<; MaxeBovfaq, tov °ApxaXov, tov Neapxov, tov <l>p6yiov xat tov 



22 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEAN APOY 

nToXs(xatov, ax; au^xpaTTOVTa? ^jlet' aiiTou' elq hk t?V K6piv6ov eypa^e 
va TO) T:l[JL^G)(jtv iv T(p d^a t6v s'xstas xaTacpuyovia ©saaaXov. 

*0 <I>tXixxo<; dv toutok; dxo6Xsx'G)V xdvTOTS vd xpay^aTOxonfjqQ Toug 
xaxa tt)<; Ilspatas jAsyaX£XY]66Xou<; aiiTouc; ay.oxouc, Bsv sxauasv ivaaxo- 
Xou^LEvog £t<; Tag in\ TOUTq) xpojJiEX£TT]0Eiaa<; xpoxapaaysudg. 2u|x6ou- 
Xsu0si<; 8s xai t6 [xavTsTov xspt T-fj? ixtxEtp-qasax; tou TauTT]<;, tt^v dy.6Xou0ov 
sXa6sv dxavTiqaiv : 

(("EaTsxTat ^sv 6 Taupo<;, e^si tsXo<;, saTtv 6 0ua(ov)). 

$U(Jix^) T(p X6y<p 6 <J>tXtxxoc; E^yiqas tov xp?w6v xaT'tStav tou dpl- 
axstav, tov ^jlsv @aatXsa ttj? Hegaiaq SswpTjaaq wc; Taupov, o<JTt<; slvat tjBt) 
^UTeu-^svOf; xat xpoT)Tot[jiaa^£vo<; Btd tyjv acpayfjv, eauTov Bs wq Gutyjv' Bto 
xal BuvdjJi£i<; Ttvdq exs^ev d^iaax; ^sTd tou 'ATTaXou xal riap^Evfwvo?, 
oto? iXsuGsptoatoai Tag xaTa tyjv 'Aatav 'EXXYjviydc; x6Xst<; xai xposTOt^d- 
aaxjt tyjv xaTd if\q IIspata<; 6B6v. 

Auo V sty) jjlst<3: touc; tBtxouc; tou BsuTspou<; ydptouc; 6 <£t'Xtxxo<; sa>p- 
Taj£v £?<; Tag Atydg, tyjv xpwiqv yiv xpwTsuouaav, vuv Bs BsuTspav xoXtv tyj<; 
MaxsBovtac;, touc; yd^ouc; tyjc; 0uyaTp6c; tou KXsoxaTpac; \xzidi tou 'AXs- 
IjdvBpou, gaaiXsax; tyj<; 'Hxstpou, xat dBsXcpou tyj<; xpoTspag yuvatxog tou, 
tyjc; 'OXu^xtdBoc;, ov xat sfys @oyj0yjcjsi va aT£ps(i)0fj sVt tou Gpovou xat yjByj 
yj0sXs vd xpoaotxst(o0jj i%\ (jidXXov, xapsxwv stg auTOV tyjv 0uyaTspa tou. 

*H SOpTYJ TT)<; TsXsTYjc; TOU yd[XOU X pOYjTO tpid(70Y) (JLSyaXoXpSXSSTaTY). E£- 
VOC XpO<TYJX0OV i% BiacpoptOV JJISptoV, 0£6)pOt dlPtXOVTO i*. TtoV ixtaYJ^lOTSptoV 

xoXewv tt)<; *EXXdBo<; xal dxEaraX^lvot ex twv au[X[xdxo)v y) y.al twv uxote- 
Xwv 6p£tvd>v I0VQV, iv olc Y.od ot ^yE^ovEc; twv 'Ayptdvwv, Ilatovwv, 'OBpua- 
awv xal dXXot' auv£pp£uaav Be xal dxavTE? of suxaTpfBat tou toxou, za' 
xXy}0o<; dx£tpov Xaou, xdvT£<; Be xpoaExX-rjGr^aav vd xapsupESwatv siq t6 0£a- 
Tpov, sv0a Bidipopot £u.eXXov vd xapaaTaOwaiv dywvEi;. *0 <^fXtxxo<; 01- 
Xwv vd Bst^T) xojt]v E^aips BiQyLOTtTtoTTfjTa xapd tw Xaa>, dxo^axpuvaq tou<; 
o*(i)u-aTO<puXa/.a<; Bt^X0sv iv txsacp tou xXtt)0ouc, X£u/.d IvBeBu^evoc; xal dBo- 
pucp6pT)Toq. MsTa xotxfXwv hk /.oapLTQ^xaTtov y.al xaXXtoxta^wv XEXoa^jjil- 
vai xpoYjyouvTO tt^<; teXettj? BwBExa e(x.6v£c, at jjlev e$ xaptaxwaat tou<; e? 
^EyaXouc; 0eou<; {i£Ta twv i^bXr^diuv auTWV, at dXXat B' £? Ta? 1§ (JLEydXat; 
0£dq, iv alg BtsXa^xov -^ w Hpa, i] 'AOr^vd xai ^ 'AcppoBtTiq, y.al ^jlet' auTag 
xap£tx£TO *fj sfxwv tou ^>tXtxxou, tyjv 0E(jiv BExaTOU Tptxou 0£ou xaptaTwaa. 
MayEUTtxov T(j)6vvt t6 0£a[xa I 'AXX* attyvriq iv tw ^-scKp tt}<; ^EyaXoxps- 
xou? xapaTa^Eox; VEavtac; Ttq ix. twv xspl twv @aatXia ao)[xaTO(puXdxo)V, xa- 
Xouu-Evoq nauaavtac,, Btaax^ a ? T0 icX^yjSo^, ixtxtxTEt xaTd tou ^tXtxxou, 
xai xatptav Btd x=XTt7.^<; [xa^atpag IX19EPEI xXTiyYjv e(<; tt?jv xXEupdv tou 
^aatXIw?, (JaTtg xal dv tw d^a Exsasv axvoug. 'O BoXocp6voc; auXXY]90Ej<; 
ux6 tou IIspBt7.y.ou, dpxr ; you twv awjjiaTOcpuXdytov, ivw TjTOtpLa^ETO vd Xuarj 
t6v Ifxxov tou 1% tou BsvBpou yj ^y. tou ^.spouc;, sv0a eI/ev auTOV BeBejxIvov, 
dixladx; ^0avaTo')0Ti ux' auTou. Kat va? jjlev XsysTat 8ti 6 vsavta<; Ixpa^E 



12T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 23 

to lyxXYj^a Ix8ixou(jlsvo<; xpoawxtXYjv Ttva u6ptv slq ataov 6xoTou'ATTd- 
Xou, xepl *}<; xal dve?ep0Y) yiv elq tov 4>CXtxxov, aXXA {jnrjosuJav Xa^.6avo)v 
IxavoxotYjatv, eaxsuaev d<p* eauTOu vd Xd6|) ty)v ixBixYjatv, dXXd y.eydXir} uxo- 
^(a Ixess xal elq aXXouq, 6sa)pY)0svTa$ <b<; auvsvoxous, xal «jcp5 xdvTtov e(q 
ty)v 'OXu^xtdBa xal tov ucov aftTYjq. *H^e!<; ou§e^(av TotauTYjv xaTYjyo- 
yoptav, outs &xXy)v uxo^tav ToXyuojjisv vd ixccpepw^sv xaTd tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou' 6 veavcas §£V yjto pia0Y]TT?)<; tou i^oy^ou twvt6ts xpovcov ^tXoaocpou, 
xap' o5 xp6 xavxwv e^t8dx0Y) tty t)0ixy)v, xal e^iBcaanevYjv eXa6ev dva- 
Tp09^v,£f<; oe Td WTa auTou oev V evauXoq y) dxavTYjatq tjv dv^yvwcsv, oti 
6 x£p(cpY)(xoqTO)v 'AOiqvaftov vojaoOetyjc;, 6 SoXcov, xapeaxsv ec<;TOV£ , p(i>TTf)<javTa 
auTov, Biaxl xaTa xdvTwv twv aXXwv lyxXiq^dTtov Ta£a<; vopiou^, ouosv xepl 
xaxpoxT6vo)V dvltpspe ; <(Ai6tc dx£Xpt0Y) 6 cpiX6<jo<po<; vo(xo6£ttq<;, oOooXgx; 
Buvafjiai vd cpavTaaOti oti Elvat 8uvaT&v vd <p0aaTfj ti<; eiq ToaauTYjv ofypoauvYjv 
waT£ va otaxpd^fl tocoutov eyxXYj^a)). Aixatox; o^lgx; xoXXd XeyovTat xaxa 
ty)<; 'OXu^xidBo*;, w<; Xa6o6aY]<; (jiya yipos etc; ty)v xaxd tou <f>iXixxou 
(juvwtJLoatav, a<poG <bs £x xsptaaou yidXccjTa Btwpcae va (SaXoxit CTeq>avov ixl 
XEcpaXfji; tou vexpou u&^aioq tou ooXoqwvou. "Oaov ouxw GeXoyiev i8fl xal 
x6aov dxavOpwxw? *rj cxXYjpd auTY) yuvY) &$>ep0Y) ec<; tyjv BeuTEpav cul^uyov 
tou <J>tX(xxou xaxa tyjv dxouatav tou ulou tyj?, sV & xal tyjv dyavdxTiqacv 
auTou oixafox; e'xeaxdaaTo.Kal 0! Illpaat Se fjaavlxavoloYdpyupfouvd au^- 
^L£0£^a)(Tt ty)<; xaTd tou 4>tX(xxou cuvtofxoafag, xpo0u[xoupi£vot vd dxaXXa- 
ywat tou xaT* auTWV xapaax£ua^o(ji£vou bxupou dvTtxdXou twv. 01 8* 
v EXXy)V£<; xal xp6 xdvTwv ot 'A0Y]vatot xai 6 Ay]^o<70evy]<; ; . . . 

*0 ^(Xtxxo^ ^TEXEUTifjaE t6 <p0tvoxwpov tou 336 x. X. xaTa t6 etxoaT^v 
TETapTOV £Toq tyj? paatX£(a<; xat t6 T£<7capaxoGT&v £'6Bo{jlov tyj<; Y)XtxJa<; aO- 

TOU. 

Ilept tou ^apaxTY^poi; tou 4>tX(xxou aptaTa dxo9atvovTatoi ?<TToptxot, 
X£yovT£<; oti 6 yjyeu-wv o5to<; el^s iiiv xpoT£pYju.«Ta e^o^a elq 6x£pTaxov 
^a0yi6v, dXX* £l^£V i%i<jr t q xal (xiytaTa ^XaTTw^iaTa. 7 Hto ^xev d<p' kvbq 
X(av xpoa£XTtx6<; xal dypuxvoc, ihioiq 6$)0aX[JLOi<; exoxteuwv xal i^o- 
pEuwv e?<; xdvxa, Ipya dvwTaTou apxovxoi; dxpt6wg IxxX^pwv, cuyxpo v(l)( 5 
Be Gu^pL£pi^6pi£vo<; xal Td tou uxoupyou, tou StxasTou (xaxa Td t6ts £0t^a), 
tou CTpaTiQyou xal twv xaTwxipwv xoXXdxt<; ^aOjxwv, i%\ §& X£cpaXYj<; twv 
aTaT£utidTO)V &q dptaxoc; xal dxoupaaToq jjLaxiQTYjc; Ti0£(jL£vog xaxa t6v Tp6xov 
twv dpxatav Yjpwwv xal xoXs^jlkjtwv, jA£yaX6Bo)po<; xpoq toutoc<; xaxd Tac; 
xeptaxdaetq, {JL£yaXoxp£XYj<; xal xoXtTixo<; Gauu-datoc;, xa0' a ^XIxo[i£v £*<pd- 
^jLtXXov auTq> xal t6v utov tou t6v 'AX^avBpov, dXk* dy* £T£pou el/s xal 
s'XaTToVaTa ii£ydXa. 

^Hto x6Xa$ dxaywyoc; xal xXdvog, 86Xto<; y.&%Qiq ia%diri<; xavoupy^a?, 
cptX6Bo^o<; £i<; dxpov, x«^epXTK, aawTO? pixQi xpatxdXYjq xal 8t£q?0ap(A£voc;. 
*0 ulbq auTou yiETa Ttva Ity], ote Ta aTpaTSu^xaTa aikou IxtaTpeqjovTa ix twv 
'IvStwv, dxeardXYjcav xaTa Ta<; 6x0a<; tou TtypiQToqxoTa^ou, xaxexautys 



24 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tyjv ixavdercactv Btd Byj^ayj yopfac;, Btxatov cpopov tyjc; sOyvw^louuvy)^ xape^wv 
etc; tyjv [avyj^jiyjv tou xaTpoc; tou, (be; extTYjBetou yjy^ovos *- a * a£(ou *a6' oXa 
dpxTQYoD. Tyjv BYj^iYjYoptavTauTYjv, yjv 6 'Apptavoc; e^6dXXet etc; to STO^a 
tou 'AXec;dvBpou (be; dc;t6XoYov BelYl^ pYjToptxfjc; y,al &q dptaTa dvTixapa- 
6dXXouaav Ta<; xpdc;et<; twv Buo toutwv rjYe^ovwv, dcrfvoiAevva xaTaxwpYJGG)- 
jjiev xal Y^etq 6X6y)orjpov ev otx£t(p Tox(p. 

Etc; Betvdc; T(povTt iceptcrudcjetc; 6 'AXe^javBpoc; dvaSdc; e*xl tou Gpovou 
tyjc; MaxeBovtac;, etc; 8uax £ P £(TTaTY ] v eupeGYj Geatv. "AxavTec; o? evBtacpepo- 
(xevot £v Tate; 'EXXYjvtyaTc; xoXtTetatc; jjieTa ec;dXXou ^apdc; TJxoucav tov 6d- 
vaTOV tou taxupoOdvTOCYWVta^ou tcov, etc; BeTac; 'AGYjvac; 6 cucrTY}(JiaTtxoc;dp- 
XY]YO? BijGev tyjc; avTixoXtTeucrewc; Atax^S %<xl Gavdat^oc; e^Gpoc; tou Ayj- 
[xoaGevouc;, iJXeY^ev ataov, (be; Xtav ^P^P^u*; cpepGeVua xaTa tyjv xeptGTa- 

atv TaUTYJV. 

Kaxd Xtav aoSapdc; Xotxov xeptcjTaaetc; dve6iq 6 'AXe^avBpoc; £xl tou 
Gpovou tyjc; MaxeBovtac; xepl t6 etyocruov Itoc; tyjc; YjXtxtac; auTou' dX'kdc 
xat d^eawc; dvecpdvYj (be; e^wv dxavxa Ta xpoc; BtaTYjpYjatv tyjc; O^yjXyjc; tczu- 
tyjc; Geaewc; dxatxou^eva xpoaovTa, xal xpwTov piv icppovTtae vd XYjBeuqf) 
[xeYa^oxpexwe; t6v xaTepa tou, xtxpd ^uvwv Bdxpua ext tou Tacpou aO- 
tou, dxoXouGcoc; B' eaxeuae vd ccpaYtdoYj (exl tou tBtou auTou Td- 
cpou) touc; axoBet^Gevxac; (be; auvev6y v ou<; etc; tov cpovov tou xaxpoc; tou, xat 
xpo xdvTwv touc; jjivYjcjTYjpac; xat dxatTYjxdc; tou Gpovou, touc; A'uYxtcjTac;, 
touc; utouc; tou 'Aepoxou, 'Hpo^xevYjv, 'Appa6aTov xal *AXec;avBpov, orutvec; 
BcopoBoxYjGevTec; 6x6 tou gaatXeox; tyjc; Ilepcjtac;, cuvw^xoaav tyjv xaTa tou 
<I>tXtxxou BoXocpovtav* %<x\ ot Buo [lev xpwTot xapaBetY^aTtxwc; eTt|AO)pY r 
GYjaav, 6 B' 'AXec^avBpoc;, cuvevBuGetc; (xeTd tou faatXewc; tov (xoXe^txov) 
Gwpaya, ^yjtyjcjs auY^wpYjatv xapd tou 6^o)vu[aou tou 'AXecJdvBpou, yjv xal 
d[JLecj(i)c; IXa6e. 

Atay.TQpuqac; Be cuYXP^vtoc; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; oti (jlovov to ovo[xa YjXXac;ev, 
6 Be gaatXeuc; Bta^evet 6 ocutoc;, etc; ouBev aX\o ^vYjaxoXirjGY) yjByj et'^xYj vd e^a- 
acpa7.tcjYj eauTov iizl tou Gpovou, xaptBwv \xh Ixt tou xapovTOc; touc; xpwr^v 
auveTatpouc; tyjc; veapdc; YjXtytaq tou, tov "ApxaXov, tov IlToXe^atov, tov 
4>puYtov, t6v Neapxovy.at aXXouq, wvTtvec; eXetxov etaeTt, ec^optaGevTec; 6x6 
tou xaTpoc; tou, (be; e'txo^ev, y.at div ot xXetcnoi ^eYdXr^v eax°v extppoigv, 
pLSTay.XYjGevTec; dyoXouGwc;, BteTYjpYjaev etc; Ta xpdYtxaTa touc; dpxac'ouc; 
uxoupyouc;, ox; d^xetpOTepouc;, tov yiv 'Avxtxaxpov i%\ twv xoXtTtywv 
(eawTeptywv xal ^ojxeptywv), t6v Be riotp^evtwva ^xt twv aTpaTtwTtywv. 
Kal t6v jiIv 'AvTtxaxpov er/^v e\X££ei dXXoTe, (bqxpoetpr^at, 6 xoXtTtxw- 
tcztoc; 4>tXtxxoc; vd ^eTacpepYj ^£Td tou 'AXe^dvBpou etc; 'AGirjvac; Ta 6cjTd 
T(bv e{<; tyjv [xdyr,v ir\c, Xatpwvstac; xeaovTtov 'AGYjvatwv, y.at xept auTou B' 
6 ^>(Xtxxoc; auveuGu[Jt.wv aXXoxe ^exd twv cptXwv tou, y.a! Xoyou xep! dacfa- 
Xetac; cu[ix£<j6vtoc;, ((Ta xdvTa xaXwc; exouatv, etxev 6 paatXeuc;, Btox t 
Y^Ypuxvet 6 'AvxtxaTpoc;)), Bty.r^v daTuv6[xou By^Gsv. Tyjv auTYjv Be uxoXr^tv 




KE<OAAH AAEHANAPOY 




APTYPOYN TETPAAPAXMON TOY AAEEANPAOY 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 25 

efysv b <J>()axxo? xal d? tov IIapu.£v(wva. 'Evw a? BY](Jiox,paTOuu.£vai xoXec? 

tyj? *EXXdBo?, y.al xp6 xocvtwv at *A0YJvac, ^y]Xotuxw? <p£poyi£vat £0£tov 
ixS s^aXij? twv GTpaT£uu.dTwv twv -Btatpopou? GTpaTY]yo6?, eVqafw? auxou? 
dvaX}.dff<jovT£?, cap/,a<7Tiy.w? 6 <I>iXtxxo? eXsysv otc ((^a%apt^£To6<; *A0iq- 
vatou? OTt eSpuxov xaT* sto? vd ExXiywat Blxa cTpaTiqyou?, aik6? B* elx£v 
I'va {xovov ixl xoXXd etyj, tov Ilapu.Eviwva)). "EXeixe Be 6 Ilap^Eviwv ixl 
tyj? dvayopsuasw? tou 'AXs^dvBpou, ctxoaTaXst? 6x6 tou <£i)axxou ec? tyjv 
Mixpdv 'Aacav (ASTd tou 'AttgcXou, <b? xpoe(pY]Tac. 

Meya Be y.at sVueTauivov fcpdxo? dcpYJ/,£V 6 <£c)axxo? e'? t6v *AXe?av- 
Bpov. IlapsxTO? tyj? May.sBovia?, Y) ©eaaaXca, yiya yipo? tyj? ®pdba)?, 
at xXouatac xa£ xapdXtat ^roXetq tyj? XaXxcBtXYj? XeyopiIvY)? Xepaovqaou 
6x6 *EX)of)vwv dxocxwv KaToixou^ievat, Btd$>opa gdp6apa 6petvd £0vy), "rjaav 
y) uxotsXyj r) xavxdxaatv xpoaY]pTY)[jieva e'? t6 @aa(Xetov tyj? MaxeBovca?* 
<puatx.(p *$ Xoy w o V £°S tye^wv dyisaw? eupe0iq e'xaxscXoutievo? 6x6 Btaq>6- 
pwv KtvBuvwv. Kat dcp' ev6? ^£V Tf)y£p0Y](7av TtaT* auxou Td xXiqatoxwpa 
£0vy) GeXovxa vd dxoTtvd^wat t6v ^uyov, et? ov xa0uxe6aXsv auxd 6 xa-nf)p 
tou, aV ST£pou B* dvu^wae tyjv GYjjxatav tyj? ixavaaTdcasw? e(? ti?jv MtKpdv 
'Aaiav 6 "ATTaXo?, Xoy w yiv xpoaTaTsuwv Td Btxatw^axa tou ix, tyj? KXs- 
oxdxpa? jiiXXovxo?- BtaBoxou, tou gcv^cou tou, TCpdyu.aTt 8* 6p£y6[xsvo? 
auxfc? oV eaux6v vd dvaXdSfl tyjv £?oua(av* ijp^axo B* i^By) 6 "AxTaXo? Ta- 
ktik^v dXVqXoypaqHav (Jtexd twv 'A0Tqva(wv xa£ ^dXtaxa ^exd tou Atq^jlo- 
a0svou?, auyxpovw? ^ £ "*al l JL£T( ^ ^aTdyou xoXXou iQY£p0Y]aav y,at o? aXXoe 
"EXXy]V£<; ixiQu[Louvze<z y.at ouxot vd dvaXd6wat tt?)V IXsuOepfav, y)v d^peaev 
6 <l>(Xtxxo<;. KaTa9povY]cavT£^ B* ouTOt <J)^ V£(i)TaTOV t6v 'AXI^avBpov, 
8ev xpo£tBov 6xoTo<; IpisXXs vd dxoSrj 6 vlo<; ^pw<;, ouB' iauXXoytaOTQaav 
xdv x6aov ^%£tvot ax£U.axpuv0Y]aav dxo Ta<; xoX£u.txds dp£Ta<; twv xpoyovwv 
Twv. *Q<; et? Ta<; 'AOrjvac; 6 pYjxwp AY]^oa0£VY]q, outo) y,aJ £?<; Ta<; a\\<xq 
x6X£t<; t^<; *EXXdBo<;, y,al xp6 xocvtcov e?<; Ta<; ®Y)6ag, 8ev IX£t^av vd Bt£y£i- 
p(oat Tout; xoXfxai; o! BY]u.ayo)yot, xapa%tvouvT£<; tou? auu.xaTpta)Ta<; twv 
v* ccxoBuo^Gxrtvift tyj? KaBpL£ta? ty)V Max£Bovtx-?jv cppoupdv' o? B' A^TtoXol 
I^Yjq>(aavTO vd Ixavaydyaxri BtA Ttov oxXwv tou? 6x6 tou ^>tXfxxou IJopi- 
a0£vxa? au^xoXfTa? twv* ot *A^6paxtwTat xp6? toutoc? dxoBtw?avT£<; tt?)v 
Max£Bovty.if)V <ppoupdv, ^/.Yjpu^av t^jv Bv][jL07.paT(av, or B' 'Apyelot , ot 'Ap- 
xdB£? y.aJ xavxE? iv Y£V£t ot y,XfvovT£? t6v aux£va s!<; tou? Max£B6va?, 
axouBaiw? YjTOtyid^ovTO vd cfouoTivd£G)<J6 tov t^uy6v auTwv. Kal o? (i£V <ppo- 
vtu.toT£pot twv MaxEBovcxwv auXtxwv auv£6ouX£utjav t6v 'AXI^avBpov vd 
<psp6Y7 ^£Ta cppovYjaEw?* xa? fjx,oXo60Y)as xpdyu.aTt outo? {ii%gt Ttv6? Td? 
auu.6ouXd? auTwv, xaplxwv M tou xap6vTO? toxov Tfj 6pyfj, %<xl <ptXtxw? 
xpoaxa0wv vd <7u^6'.6daiQ Td xpayu^axa* iizl tIXou? ou.w? t6 ToXu.Y)pov 
Ktxl BpaaTYjptov xv£uu.a tou 'AX^dvBpou Bev 6xiu,£tv£v, outs ofoce.&etXfaffev 
dW d\ihb)c, y)0£Xy](7£V o5to? vd i^otiay} y,at vd xvf^7) t6 xv£u^a ty)? y£vt- 
xfj? BuaapEaxda?, i^aacpaXttwv £t? 4aux6v ttjv 0latv, ^v (jLETa^u twv *EXXiq- 



26 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAE2ANAP0Y 

vtxwv tuoXcWv aveXaBsv 6 xaTYjp tou xat ax; xoXtxtxcx; xat <b<; crTpaTtoyutxuc; 
apXTQyoq. Kat Td [lev xapotx.ouvTa @dp6apa e6vig, xap' wv ouBiv dXXo 
icpo6£tTO etuvq 7or)<7Tpc7,a<; extBpou,d<;, xap£TB£V exl tou xapovTOc;, dvotXTcv 
tX£T* auTtov dcfrjaae; Xoyaptaa(Ji6v, xaxd to xotvwc; Xsyo^Evov. 

'Ex xp(i)TY)<; B' d^TYjptac; dxecjTdXiQ 6 cTpaTYjy&q *ExaTaToc; etc; ttqv 
'Aatav {JLsO* txavou CTpaTou vd guv£vvoy)6yj \lzit. twv xtcTwv aTpaTsu^axwv 
tou Ilapixsvicovoc;, xat tj ^wvt« yj V£xpov va cplpwatv etc; tov 'AXI^avBpov 
tov "ATTaXov (be; evoyov ecjxdTYjqxpoBoatac;. Ot CTpaTYjyot, ^ly) Ixovt£<; txa- 
vde; Buvd[Ji£t<; , xat jjlyj GeXovtec; vd eXOwatv ste; <pav£pdv pY)c;tv ^isTa tou *At- 
TaXou, ^£T£X£tptcj6iQaav tov xapd Tote; 'Aatavote; Xaotq guvyjGyj Tpoxov tyjc; 
BoXocpovtac;. 

TauToxp6v(o<; Be xat auT&c; 6 'AXeljavBpoq e^scrrpdTsucjs ^eG* txavou 
aTpaxou xaTd tyjc; OsaaaXtag, ouyt e*xi cxoxoi vd xa6uxoTae;Y) auTYjv dXXd 
OeXwv vd ixtTuxT) oaa ot OscaaXot otxetoGcXwe; xapecryov etc; t6v xaxepa tou, 
ots xpoaexdXsaav auTOV xaTa twv 4>o)*/.£wv. Kat ot yiv ©saaaXofc xa- 
Tstyov y)By) (i£Td txavwv Buvdpieojv Tag etc; ty)v xwp a v auTwv auvfjGste; BtoBoug, 
tt)v KaXXtxeuy.Y]V etc; Td Te^xyj, vsav B' 6 cxpaTcx; tou 'AXec^dvBpou i]vi- 
(o?£ BtoBov, (ASTd ^isydXwv ^oyGov xat xayoxaGetwv Bta6d<; tyjv xpoe; ^eaY](Ji- 
6ptav twv Tsjjlxwv oxoto[aov "Oacav. ©au^aatox; xyjBwvtsc; ot MaxeBoveq 
dxo ^pdyou etc; ^pdyov xat Btd ^xavwv gcxoxoxtovtsc; gaG[jitBac; £x? tou 
opoug, dvatpuoTt xat dvsxataGTqTGx; etcreBuaav etc; Td ©saaaXtxd xeBta xaTa 
Td vwTa tou ©saaaXtxou CTpaxou, xuptot outw xaTaaTavTsc; tyjc; OscraaXtac; 
oXyjc;* 6 B' 'AXI^avBpoi; GiXwv ^aXXov vd £Xy.uaY) etc; eauTOv ty)v ^wpav ^ 
vd y.upt£U(JTQ auTYjv, Yjp^axo xpoaotx£tou[JL£Voc; touc; @£cjaaXouc;, 6xo[j,t|jLVY]- 
axwv auxotc; ttjv xotvrjv ocutwv dx&Tou 'Ax^Xiox; xaTaywyYiv, y,at 6x£v0u- 
jjif^wv xp6c; TouTotc; Tdc; eu£py£crtac;, aq xapd tou xaTpoc; tou £Xa6ov, Ixst- 
aev auTouc; vd dvayvcoptawai tyjv zuptap^tav tou xat vd xapaB£x0o>cjt Td<; x£- 
pt etprjvTQc; xpoTda£tc; tou uxoxp£ou^£vot vd <7u<7TpaT£u<7G)<7t jxeT' auTou. 

Atd Tayjwv dy.oXou0d)c; ^Yj^aTwv, xpo6dc; 6 'AX^avBpoc; etc; Taq ©£p- 
[xoxuXac;, auv£y.d>,£a£v, (be; xpo£Bpoc; toO 'Aji^ixtuovixoO auv£Bp(ou tou? 
rLuXayopac;, o'tTtv£<; xotvfjxal 6[xo0u^lo) yvwjjly) dx£Bo)yav etc; auT^v T"?)v rjy£- 
piovtav tyjc; 'EXXdBoc;, (bq eIy£V auTYjv xat 6 xarrjp tou* dxoXou0o)<; Be xpo- 
a£X0(bv etc; tt)v Botwxtav, yL£YdXa)c; xaTEcpoStae touc; iv 'A0Y]vatc; xal @Y]6atc; 
ivavTtouc; tou, (b<; jiy) 6vtoc<; xpoxap£ax£uaau.£vouc; vd dvitxapaTayOwat 
xaT* auTou. Ot 'A0Y;vatot {jidXtaTa xaTaxXay£VT£c;, d^iatoc; Y]pxtaotvvd [le- 
TaxojjLt^watv Ivt6<; tyjc; x6X£wc; Td Ic;oj0£V auTY]? gxeuyj t<ov xal vd ixtcrxsui- 
^(oat Td T£r/Y) to)V, xoXtopyfav cpo6ouu.£vot. Oux oXtyov B* c^xeBetXtaas xat 
6 Ar i u.oa0£vr / c;, xa? xpOTaa£t auTou jxdXtaTa xpia6£tc; £X£^90r / cjav etc; tov 
'AXIc^avBpov, ^Y]TOuvT£<;.xavTotOTp6xo3c; vd xaxaxpauvwatv auTov. M£Ta 
toutwv auv£X£[X90iQ Y.<xl 6 Atju.oc70£vy]c;' xa0* 6B6v o^lwc; dxoxwpta0£t<; twv 
aWbM xp£j6£wv, ixav^X0e Btd tou Kt0atp<bvo<; ef<; Tac; 'AOrjvac;. *0 'A\i- 
c;avBpoc; Bc/Octc; £U(jL£vax; touc; xp£<r6£t<; twv *A6^vat(ov, ouBiv oiXko dxif)- 



ISTOPIATOYMErAAOYAAESANAPOT 27 

tyjje xap' auTwv, e^Yj va x e^w <ji yat oOtoi auveBpouc; etc; tyjv xpOTetvoyii- 
vyjv auvlXsuatv tg>v *EXXyjvg>v etc; t6v 'IaG^ov tyjc; KoptvGou, ev3a va cuaxe- 
cpGdxic xepl tou xpaxTsou x,al va X £t P°^ 0V V wc7tv «ut6v ciTpaTYjyov auToxpa- 
Topa etc; tov xaTa tyjc; Ilepstac; xoXe^iov. Kat at dXXai (jtiv xoXetc; TYjq 
*EXXaBo<;, e'tTS evToq, e'tTS exT&c; tyjc; IleXoxovvYjcjou, dvYjyopeuaav auTov 
cipX^TpaTY]yov, xapaBexo^svac va auvaxoXouGYjcjtocrtv auTov Bta aTpaTou 
xpaypia oxep £86Gyj xat etc; tov xaTepa tou 6Xtya Ityj xpo tou Gavdrcou tou* 
piovot 8' ot SxapTtarat Bev YjGsXYjaav va xapeupeGtoatv e'<; tyjv auveXsuatv, 
^Xsxovts? otc outwc; dcpYjpstTO OTt xaTptov *rJTO etc; auTouc; va Yjy&VTac twv 
aXXwv xat ouxt va exwvTat etc; aXXouq. Kat iqBuvaTO jxlv 6 'AXe^avBpoq 
va ^sTaxeiptaGfj @tav xaT* auTwv, dXXa ^Xexwv auTouc; "Atav Taxetvwyievouq 
yjByj uxo twv 0T)6at(jt)v, xapstBe Taq dyepwxouc; auTwv xopixoppY)[xoauvac;. 
*H KoptvGoc; xaTa tyjv exoxrjv TaiiTYjv •tjto y-ta twv (leyaXetTepwv xat 
xXouatwTspwv x6Xsg)v tyjc; IleXoxovvYjcjou, dptSyioOcja 300,000 xaTotxwv* 
xal ou jxtxpov Betyu-a tyjc; yieyaXoxpexetac; y,at xoXuTeXetaq tyjc; t^to xat yj 
xepl auxYJc; xapotuJa' ((06 xavTOc; dvBpoc; xXetv etc; K6ptv0ov)>. *Ev 
KoptvGw B' eti ovtoc; tou 'AXs^dvBpo-u, ex. Btacpopcov (Aepwv xXetcrot ixt- 
cnrju,oi dvopsq cjuveppsuaav xoXtTtxot, cptXoaocpot, xaXXtxexvai x,at xexatBeu- 
^jlIvoi etc; Bta90pouc; yvwastc;, xat xavTsc; xepl auTov guvwGouvto, 6peyo^evoi 
va auvBtaXexGwac •xeT' aikou, xat Xe^etc; Ttvac; ex tou CTopiaTOc; auTOU va 
dxouaoxit. ToTe B' iyeveTO xal y) [Lzia^b 'AXeljdvBpou x,al Aioyevouq 
BtaGpuXXYjGetaa auvBtdXe^tc;. *0 xuvtxoc; qiXovoyoc; GeXwv va Betc^Y) OTt 
xaTScppovst Tac; ixtBdc;£tc; xexoXtTta^EVYjc;, y) piaXXov eixeTv, x,otv(i>vty.Yicr ^w- 
yjc;, (be; xaTot/Jav [ikv auTou E^XI^aTO xtGov Ttva, £V (5 cjuvyjGwc; Bt£Tpt6e, 
y,£t^JL£Vov y.aTa Ta T£txYj to 5 KoptvGtax.ou yu|xvacrtou, tou y.otvwc; X£yojX£VOU 
Kpav£tou, /.at Ta aXXa Be BtYjye @tov euteXv} yatx£vtxpov, BtyYjv exatTou etc; 
xoXXd. Etc; t6 xaxa to Kpdv£tov y.£t[X£vov o'tXY]^a tou Atoyivouq xpoa-fjX- 
0£V 6 'AXdqavBpoc;, x£pt£A£VG)V 9uatx.(p to> Xoyw va xapouctaaGfj £tc; auTov 
yat 6 cptXoaocpoc;, dXXa jjlyjBoXwc; ey£tvou xepl toutou <ppovt(^ovtoc;, dx£cpd- 
atj£V 6 't'Btoc; va xXYjcjtdcjY) auTov. *0 AtoyivYjc; ^Xixwv tov ^aatXIa xpocj£p- 
Xo^L£vov etc; auTov yieTa TotouTou XapixpoO £xtT£X£tou, dvajY)yct)6£tc; 6Xtyov, 
ajyapBa^xuxTl YjTlvtae t6 ^XIpL^xa £t<; auTov' £yyuT£pov Be xpoa£XGd)v 6 'A 
Xl^avBpoc; Yjpa)TY]aeTov cptXocjocpov av £XT) x^P tv ^ tv ^ va ^yjttqcty) xap* auToD* 
(("AXXyjv x«P cv va t!,Y]TY]c70) B£V £X(t>, £tx£v dyzXtic, 6 Atoy£VY]<;,£tpLY3 va dxo^a- 
ypuvGfjg dxo t6v YjXtov x.a! va ^yj pi£ aytd^Yjc;)). Kat Tt \ih ivo£t 6 xuvtxoc; 
cptXoao^oc; Bta tyjc; dxoTopiou TauTYjc; dxoyptcj£Ci)c;, aXXwq vd dxocpavGw^EV 
Blv Buva^L£6a, etptY) oxwc; y,aT' ocXXyiv Ttvd x£ptaTacjtv Ixpa^£v 6 cptXoaocpoc; 
IlXdTwv. Tou<; xoBaq xXirjp£tc; $op66pou Ixwv 6 AtoyivYjc; £taYjX6£V sic, t6v 
iv 'AGifjvatc; oly.ov tou <ptXoao<pou riXdTcovoc;, y,at i%\ twv xoXuteXwv auTou 
ixtxXtov Bavaucjax; xaTWV : ((Uaxd, eXey£, tov IlXdTwvoc; Tucpov)). 
(('EtIpw ye Tucpw, Atoysvec;)), dxYjvTYjaev aTapdxwc; 6 HXdxoyv. "AXXotc 
xdXtv 6 AtoyevYjc; GIXwv va IXxuctyj etc; eauTov tyjv aujxxdGstav tou xXyjGouc; 



28 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Btd xy}? yapxspta? BtjGsv yal xfj? uxojjlovy]?, Yaxaxo xdxwGev pisydXou ypou- 
vou yaxa&pExo^Evo?, svcl) ot StaSdxat sipatvovxo Xuxou[asvoc xal otxxstpov- 
xs? auxov. — «"Av GsXsxe, stxsv 6 sxstGev Bta6atvwv IlXdxwv, vd xov IXetq- 
ar/Ts, dxoaxiqxs, axo^axp uvGr^xs dxo auxov)), Btd xwv Xoywv xouxwv BtaBir]- 
Xwsa? ttqv {JLwpdv xou dvBpo? <ptXo8ol;tav. Tt B' svost xal 6 'AXs?avBpo? 
czpayelq dq xou? xspt auxov yat Xsywv : «Et ^jltq 'AXs^avBpo? tJ^yjv, Ato- 
ysvr y ? dv t^tqv))' tjtoi, «dv Bsv ^[nqv'AXsljavBpo? exeGu^aouv va eljiacAtoys- 
viq?; . . .)) 

Iloaov B' wpalov elvat xat x6 6x6 xou IlXouxdpxou dva^spo^svov xspt 
xi)? IIuGta? ! 'Axspxojjisvo? 6 'AXs^avBpo? ex. xyj? KoptvGou, YjGeX^as va 
^sxaSfj st? xou? AsXtpou?, xpoGu(iou^£vo? va EpwxTqqg x6 yiavxstov xspt xyj? 
^sXexw^svy]? yaxd xyj? Ilspata? sxaxpaxsta? auxou' YJcav B' dxo<ppdBs? 
Y]ti!pac yat y) IIuGta B£v yjGsXe va dva6fl ext xou xptxoBo?, Btd xy}? @ta? opiw? 
eXy.o^svY) 6x6 xou 'AXs^dvBpou, (("Atps? [as, <b xat, dvsSoYjaev, dvtxYjxo? sf». 
«Aev GsXw Xotxov, eIxev 6 'AXs^avBpo?, aXXiqv ^avxetav xapa aou* sXa6ov 
xov xpr^jjiov xov oxotov e^yjxouv. <('E£ojxaXuva? ouxw xd l EX)oQvtxd 6 'AXe- 
£avBpo?, exeaxps^ev et? MaxeBovtav, evGa yat Bie^jlecvev oXov xov x^wva, 
<jxsp£ouu.svo? ext xou Gpovou xou, yal xpoxapaaxeua^o^ievo? Bed xov xaxd 
TYjq Ilepata? xoXe^ov* dXXd xat auyxpovw? iieydXiqv YjcGavGiq dyavdxxYj- 
aiv xaxd xij? jjnqxpo? xou, Y]xt? Yjvdyxaae xyjv veav yr\QV.v KXeoxdxpav vd 
GavaxwGfj Btd xyj? tBta? auxY)? ^wvy)?, xo Be xexvov auxi)? ev xw xoXxw xyj? 
tBta? y/r]xp6? etpoveuaev yj xaxoxpoxo? yuvrj ! 

Tyjv dvot^tv xou 335 eyxaxaXet^a? 6 'AXe^avBpo? xyjv MaxeBovtav 
exy}XGs yaGuxoxdaatov xd dxEtXiQxiyYjv TiOY] Giatv Xa66vxa ^dp6apa IGvrj, 
d)V xd xupiwxEpa Y^aav o! (yaxd xyjv cr^EptvTjv 'ABptavouxoXtv) @pdx£<;, 
ot Tpt6aXXot yaxd xtjv vuv BouXyapfav, ot Tixat yat ot Aaysq xyj? MoX- 
Bauta^ yat BXayJa?, ot IIatovE<; yat ot 'Ayptdvsq ir\q dvuMax-EBovtac;, ot 
'IXXuptot yat ot TauXavxtvol ir\q *AX6avta<;. Kat yaxd xpwxov jaev xapa- 
Xa6d>v xyjv MaysBovtyrjv cpdXayya dx^XGsv ex xyjc; 'A^txoXsax; stq xir)v xw- 
pav xwv Xsyo^Evcov auxovo^Ltov Opaxwv, yat Bta6d<; xov Nsacrov xoxapiov 
s^GaaEV st<; xou? xpo? voxov xpoxoBa? xou AV^ou. 

A't'9vr ; c; Ecpdvr^av Etc; xd u^tq xou opou? xouxou evoxXoi ot ixst ydxotxot, 
Exot^xot vd E^jLxoBtawat To6qMaxeB6va^ yat vd \xri dfpYjacoo'tv auxou? vdxpoSwat 
Btd xwv <jx£vg)XG)V. Kat xXaytto? jjlsv sV.Etvot xpo^uXaaao^Evot e^ dpL9ox£ptov 
xwv jxEpwv IvExa XT]? (puaty.YJ? xou xoxou Giasox;, st^ov xpo? xouxot? axifjast 
d^JLaqa? yaxd jjlexwxov, a'txivs? dy' hbq ^jlev e^jleXXov vd xpY]at[jL£uawcjtv (b? 
dyupw^axa xwv oxtaGEV auxwv xapaxExayixivwv dvBpwv, <xy* sxspou B' ^aav 
xpodBtwptapiEvai vd ixtxsawatv dxo xou u^ou? yaxd xtj? MaxsBovtxfjc; <pd- 
Xayyo? yat vd BtappYj^watv auxigv. 'E^' tyavov XP 0V0V & 'AXs^avBpo? 
"jxaxo Et? dxoptav xspt xou xpaxxsou' dXX' sxt xeXou? ^xavdxat xo k^q' 
oi[L(X at d[L<x^ai dxE0Y]aav Et? yfvr ; atv, yj MaysBovtyr) <pdXay? yax' evxoXtjv 
auxou tjvew^e xd? xd^st? xr^?, aOxat B' dxwXuxw? Bt^XGov, iXYjBspLtav Ixa- 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 29 

Yayouaat $Xd6Yjv, dXX' oxou to ehayoq B£v £xet p£X£ vd avoix^ yj <pdXay£, 
ot May,£B6v£<; dvu^ouvT£<; Tag daxcBa*; It(0£vto xaxtoGsv tou qutg) xaTaaxEua- 
^opiivou "jcpoT£cxttj[JLaToq* xat out'wc; <xt dpia^ai ava)0£V auToG Bt£pxo^£- 
vat ouBev xaxov klq auTOug Expo^EVYjaav' TouvavTtov ot Ma/.£B6v£<; ^EydXa 
xaxd et<; tou<; d\TtxdXou<; iiuecpepov, X'Xtouc; l^v xat x£VTax,oatou<; 6avaxa)- 
aavT£g, tou<; Bs Xotxoix; Tp£d»avT£<; etc; (puyYjv* at fuvaTxeq, Td xatBfa xal 
Td uxdpxovTd tg)V dxw^GTqaav et<; Tdq xapay.£t^£va<; xapaXtoug x6X£tq* 
It, Be" twv Max£B6v<i)v svBexa txx£l<;, xal TEaaapdxovTa £w<; x£VTYjy,ovTa x£- 
^o£ i<pov£u0Y]aav. 

Outox; ot Max,£§6v£<; Bta6dvT£<; tyjv y,opucj)Yjv tou AV^jlou, IxtxtxTouatv 
dxo^ouGwg 'xaxd twv X£pt t6v Auytvov xoTapiov Tpt6aXXd>v y.al ewq Tpta- 
XtXcout; yiv ££ auTWV GavaTwaavTeg, dvayy.d^ouat xat tov @aatX£a auTwv 
2 6p[Aov vd X£^7) Tag fuvatx.a<; xal Td xatBfa Etc; tyjv xaTa tov "IaTpov xoTa- 
[ibv xaXwg &xupG)^EVYjv vfjaov IIepxyjv, ev0a xat xoXXot twv xXYjatoxwptov 
Opaxwv xaT£cpuyov. Kat extxEtpYjae ^ev 6 'AXI^avBpoc; vd dxo6t6daY) etg 
auTTjv Bid twv V£(i)utI ^x. Bu^avTcou d<ptx0£VTG)V xXotwv xXy}0o<; to^otwv 
xal oxXtTwv, (^XXd gXsxcov oti y) vfjaog dv0taTaTO yewafox; eCg tyjv e<poBov 
twv MaxsBovtov, acpstg auTYjv EaTps^s Ta oxXa eiq Td xapd tov "IaTpov xo- 
Ta^ov xaTotxouvTa KsXTtxd £0vyj' -rjaav B* outoi o! KoudBot, ot Mapxou^d- 
vot, ot'Id^UY£<;y.at d'XXot Xaot Eg" wv ot [hh xavTaxaacv E^IXtxov, ot Be guve- 
X(ov£u0Yjaav (j^t* d'XXwv GTOtxetwv, aXXo0£v £xeX06vtg)v, outs tyjv yXwaaav 
outs tov xapaxTYJpa, outs tyjv xaTaywyYjv BtaTYjpYjaavTEq. 

'A£to0au^aaTov Be aTpaTYjyixYjv ixavoTYjTa B£t^a<; 6 'AX^avBpoc; £^£- 
xXyj^s tou? KiXzaq, ^£Ta6t6daa<; Bed vuxto? tov aTpaTov Btd axeBcwv, otq 
xaT£ax£uaa£V ixTwv Bt90£pwv twv GTpaTtWTWV, hia ^Yjpou i^xXYjaat; xopTou, 
i<p' wv oiov£t iua(^ovTe<; BtlSrjCav ot Max.£B6v£<; jjlet' dxapaB£cy^aTiaTou 
£xtTY]B£toTY]Toc;. IldvT£c; ot xapd t6v "IaTpov ocxouvtec; Xaot 0autxd^ovT£q 
M tout<p eax£uaav dpL£aw<; vd xapaBo0watv etq auTov, ^y]touvt£<; xp6 xdvTcov 
vd dxoy,TY]a(i)at tyjv <pt*Xfav TotouTou e^oxou dvBpo?. Kat auTo? 6 gaatX£u? 
twv Tpt6aXXwv Sup^oq auToxpoacoxtoq iv£(pavfa0Yj, xpoacpEpwv elq auTov 
tyjv uxoTa-fYjv tou %(xl 6xoax6|i£Vo<; vd tov xapay,oXou0YjaYj jji£Td aTpaTou 
elq laq iy.a^gaieiaq tou. 

y 'Ev d*xap£t T-rjBe xdy.£tas BtaBo0£taYjq ir\q x£pl tov 'AXI^avBpov (Pyj^lyjc; 
uxo Twv x£ptxXav(o^iv(ov cpuXwv, dva<p£p£Tat OTt Kd^Tat Ttve? xpoafjX0ov au- 
06pu.YjTot etc; t6 aTpaTox£Bov twv MaxEBovwv, sTts 0£Xovte<; vd au^jxaxYjawat 
Plst* auTwv, s'its ^? dxXYjq xeptspydag xtvou^evot. Kat 6 jxev 'AXe^av- 
Bpoq YjpwTYjasv auTOuq Tt uxsp aXXo i(po6ouvTO iv t^> xoa^a), eXxt^wv xsvo- 
9p6va)<; OTt auTov e^xeXXov vd otxoXoYYjawatv, dXX' exslvot txavw? 6^YjX6ao)- 
[xot ovtsc;, y.<x\ (jL£YaXocppovouvT£<; Btd touto' ((Myj tuxov 6 oupavoq ^xtxiayj 
xaTd t^<; y.£<paX^(; yj^jlwv)), dxExpfOr^aav* aXXd %al Bev IXei^av vd xpoa0£- 
awatv oti X£pl xoXXoO e'xotouvTO tyjv cptXfav TotouTou a*vBp6<;. OuBev aXXo 



30 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

etxwv 6 'AXI?av8po<; et^r) OTt ol Kl^Tat etcrtv dXa^6v£c;, tou<; auv£xwpYjae 
xat toutouc;, auu*xapaXa6a>v ^£0' eauTou y,at Ttva<; £§ auTtov. 

Outgx; 6 'AX^avBpo? y,a0uxoTa£ac; tou<; gopdouc; %al ccyptouc; aikou 
yetaova<;,eCTpeiJ>ev dxoXouOox; dxaaav tyjv xpoaoxirjv tou etc; tou<; %aTd Td Bu- 
Ttxa opta 'IXXuptouc;. KXeiToq 6 ulog tou BapBuX)«ioc;, gaatXeuc; twv elq 
tyjv May.£Bovtav uxoTETay^jivwv 'iXXuptwv, %al T\auy.i(xq f 6 @aatX£u<; twv 
TauXavTtwv, <juv£vg)0£VT£<;, YjTotu.da0Yjaav vd ixtxiawat xaxd tou 'AXs^dv- 
Bpou' xat ot AuTaptdrat B' TrjxeOoqaav vd eVxoBtatodt tt?jv ixdvoBov auTou, 
dXXd toutouc; u,£V dv^aSevdTtu.wp^qfj 6 Yjye^wv twv 'Ayptdvwv Adyyapoq, 
etc; ov xal 6 'AXIc^avBpoc; u%eG%i%ri tyjv x £ 'P a tyjc; dBeXcpTj^ tou Kuvaq, yjv 
ou.w<; B£v "tj^wGy] vd >.d6Y3 dxo0avo)V xa0' 6B6v xplv <p0dqrj etc; tyjv xaTpfBa 
tou, ot Be oiXkoi Buo Yjy£u.6v£c;, 6 KXeiioq xat b rXauxfaq, ou ^.txpouc; Ixyj- 
yayov xeptaxaa^ouc; etc; tov 'A)>££avBpov,Btax6^avT£c; Ta<; Tpocpdq xal xoX- 
Xdxtc; cpepovTec; el? duvrjxavtav tou? MaxeBovac;* ctXV 6 'AXi^avBpoc; Be' 
e'u.cpuTou xoX^txijc; tIxvtq?, yjv xaTd Btacpopouc; x£ptaTda£t<; eBst^s Btd tyjc; 
aTopuxYjc; t6X(jlyjc; tou, tyjc; dvBpdac; tou GTpaToO tou xal Btd tyjc; d?io0au^d- 
<jtou TaxuTYjToq, Bi' yjc; Iv dxap£t e£eT£XouvTO at BtaTayat auToO, vtxYjcrac; au- 
touc;, xa£ tyjv xuptonlpav auTWV xoXtv, to IIyjXiov, xupteuaac;,T6Te (x6vov xa- 
peXwpYjaev et<; czuTouq tyjv etpYjvrjv, ot£ dvay vwpfffavTS? tyjv xuptapyjav tou 
ux£ax^ Y ] (7av va T °v axoXou0Yja(i)<Ttv etc; tou<; xoXlu.ouq tou. 

EtBifjaetc; ev toutok; dfptxovTO iB, -'EXXdBoq xpoxaXouaat jtyjv etc; Ta voTta 
tJLepY] ixdvoBov tou 'AXe^dvBpou. : *H Ilepata (Jia0ouaa OTt ot "EX^Yjvec; 
auvexpoTYjaav auveBptov exaxet^ouvTec; vd eta6dXwatv etc; 'Aatav, i^i%ee 
touc; dcp06vouc; 0Yjaaupou<; ttqc; etc; touc; ^/rj xapaB£xo^£vou<; tyjv cptXtav twv 
Max£B6vo3V "EXXYjvac;, xapoTpuvouaa ocutouc; vd BtaXuacoat ttqv xczt' auTY^c; 
y£VO[xevY)v au^u.axtav, dxoao6ouvT£c; outo) tov %aTd tyjc; Il£patac; e'xaxetXou- 
pi£vov 7,(vBuvov. *0 xpuaoq ty^c; n£pata<; ^iya £XYjyay£V dxoT£X£cjyLa etc; Td 
dvY]aux« xai ButJYjpeaTig^lva xv£uptaTa* t) dxouata xat y^ £t<; xd dxa)T£pa {X£pY) 
ixaxpaTEta tou 'AX^dvBpou Tpou.£pdv y.<xx' auTou BtYjy£tpe auvw^ojiav. 

"OTe 6 'AXI^avBpoc; BiISyj tov AI^jlov xdaa TaxTtXYj dXXYj^oypacpta Bt£x6- 
xy), ouB£pita B' £'t'BY]atc; yjt,ou£to x)^£ov x£pt auTou, a'tcpvYjc; Be ^dXtcjTa Bte- 
B60Y) OTt 6 'AXI^avBpoc; dxl0av£. M£Td [X£ydXou Be ^yjXou xat pi£Td xpo- 
0uu.(ac; ot dvTtxaXot ocutou BtlBtoxav tyjv e't'BYjatv TauTYjv, ixtaxeuBovTEc; vd 
Bteyetpwatv yevty.Yjv y,czTd ty^c; MaxeBovtac; e'xavdaTacrtv. IIpWTOt ot @yj- 
6aIot, xecpuatwpLevot yiv etaeTt Btd Td Xau.xpd auT&v dvBpaya0Yj[xaTa xaTd 
Td AeuxTpa /.at tyjv MavTtvetav, dXXd Bucjtux^c; Torjau-ovYjaavTec; tyjv xaTa 
tyjv Xatpwvetav au^cpopdv tcov, avu^coaav tyjv cpcovYjv tyjc; e^syspaswc;. A'(- 
cpvYj^Ttvec; 0; auTwv etaBuaavTec; Btd vuxtoc; et<;T^jv dy.poxo>,tv, yj ^d^ovxaO' 
6B6v IxtxeaovTec; iOavaTwaav tov 'A[xuvTav %<x\ t6v Tt^o^aov, a'pxYjyouc; 
tyj<; iv KaB^jicta 6x6 tou <l>tXtxxou Btopta0£taYjc; eppoupde; , onrtvec; fjLYjB6Xo)c; 
xtvBuvov Ttva xpo6XexovT£<;, ouB* uxoxTeu6u.£vot, Bt£T£>,ouv xdvTOTe axpo- 
cpuXaxTOt" d7,o7^ou0toc; ixtx£a6vT£<; y.al ot },otxot xaTotxoi e'xoXt6p/.ouv tt|)V 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 31 

tppoupdv. Suyxpovto? BisBoGy) oti xal ol 'AGYjvaToi Yjaav xpoGu^ioc vd (Soyj- 
0iQC7O)at Touq @Y]6acou<; xpoTpexo^isvot 6x6 tou Atq(jloj0£Vou<;* xal ot 'HXslot 
Bs xpoq toutoc<; dxeBiw^av tou<; 6xaBou<; tou 'AXs^dvBpou* iv AiTtoXfa 
rjyepGYjaav Tapaxal xaTa twv MaxsBovwv, xal sv 'ApxaBta Bs xal £v "Ap- 
ysi t« auTd Bcsvoouvto vd xpd^watv. 

'AXX' iv T(p ^£<T(p tou Y£vc7.ou to6tou dva6pa<T^oua'l<pvY]<;xap , ^XxfBa 
^xouaGY) oTt 6 'AXs^avBpog Bsv dxsGavsv ccXXdc xpoaspxsTai yjByj. 'Ex tyj<; 
'IXXupcaq 6p{JLO)(jL£vo<; cpOdvst xpdy^aTt (i£Td sxTa Yj[ispa<; eiq ttqv IIsXX(vy)v, 
tu6Xiv tyj<; @eaaaX(a<;, xal (jisTd s£ Yjiiipa? cpafveTac etq tyjv Bocamav, wsts 
xplv etaeTt ot ^xavaaTaTai ^dGwatv oti Bcs6y] Tag OspyioxuXac; dxdvoq fjio 
dq'Ofxri<2'z6)/,%o'k'ka xXYjafovTtovOYjS&vxalcjTpaToxsBeusi vuvxaTaTYjvxpog 
Tag 'AGYjvag d'youaav 6B6v, BiaxoxTwv xdaav jjisTa^u twv Buo xoXswv auy- 
/.otvwviav. «"E[xaGov, slxs tots aapxaaTixwg 6 'AXs^avBpog, otc 6 Atq^lo- 
aGsvYjq pis (ovo^iaas xaiBdptov, ots yj^jiyjv elg touc; Tpi6aXXouc; xal tyjv 'IX- 
Xupiav, pistpdxcov Be ots xpoa-qXGov elq tyjv OeaaaXcav' Twpa xal YjjisTq Gd 
tw 8e(£g)^£V oti el\xai dvY)p xpo twv tsix&v twv 'AGyjvwv)). Tououtov Be 
xapdBo£o<; s'qjdvYj y) TaxuTY]<; xal y) dxpoaB6xY]Tog xapouafa tou 'AXsE^dv- 
Bpou, waTS xoXXol ivopu^ov otc Bev yjto auToq 6 Xhioq 'AXs^avBpog, dXX' 
6 AuyxiaTYjq 'AXs^avBpog, ulbq tou 'Asp6xou, o<jti<; xal tov BisBsxGtq tjBy), 
xalxepl ou ouBsXoyoc; xdv sxpsxs vd ycveTai' dXXoi B' IXsyov otcy^to CTpa- 
xbq tou Iv MaxsBovta dvTi6aatXsuovTO<; 'AvTtxaTpou, ixsTGsv xs^xoyLsvoq 
xpog xaTsuvaatv twv xaGwv. 

'E£ 'Oyxrivzou dvax^p^aaq 6 'AXs^avBpog iaTpaTOxsBsuas xaTa to 
Xsyopievov t£[L£\oq tou 'IoXdou uxo Ta tzixq twv ©yjSwv, Ta Bs xaTa tt)v 
Xatpwvstav BuadpsaTa hzwa ^vGu^oufxsvo?, ecpsuys tyjv [Layriv xpoaxaGwv 
vd au^6t6daYj stpYjvt7.<i)q Ta xpaypiaTa' t^to B' uxsp6e6atO(; oti s'txoci X 1 ^ 1- 
dBa? xst^cov xat TptaxtXfouq IxxsTq cpspwv, TjGeXev i^dxavTog xaTa6dXst tyjv 
dylp^xov xoXtv' dXX' ol BY]6alot ouBsva cptXix6v auyi6t6aa[x6v xap£Bsx ovT o 
TOuvavTtov Bl, xs^oi ts 7,al Ixxslq, ixtxeaovTeq stq t6 ix^P iy>ov ^TpaTOxsBov, 
i<p6veuadv Tiva? twv MaxsBovwv' dXko^ xal xdXtv 6 'AXi£avBpo<; ixtstxwq 
(pepopievoc; iBtaTat^s vd ixixsar) etq dvGpwxouq ojio^uXou?, ox; IXsys, xal 
xoXXd t]By) xaGovTag, [jlovov Bs tolx; dpXY]T ou ? ' UT 1? sxavaaTaaswi; ^tqtwv, tov 
<l>o(vt7.axalT6v IIpoGuTYjV, uxiax £T0 xXyjpy) dtxvY]aTe(av £?<;Touc;dXXouq. Ol 
©Y]6aToi oyiox; ^yjtouvtsc; xal outoi tov <J>tXa)Tav xal tov 'AvTtxaTpov, sBsi- 
?av oti dxscpdataav v* dvTtaTaGwai yswatax; sf<; t6v ^x^P^j ^xspcxXsc- 
aGsvTsq Ivt6c; twv tsix^v tyj<; x6Xswq, elq a {xsydXiQV slxov xexofGrjatv §ia 

T1?)V ^XUpOTYJTd TtoV. 

Al O^Sai y^Bt] i^acvovTO oti s^lsXXov vd uxoaTwatv dvax6q?suxTov xoXtop- 
x(av, xapd xdaav opiwq xpoaBoxtav xal tou 'AXs^dvBpou xal twv xaTo(xwv 
auTY)<; Bsv t^aav xpoxapsaxsuaau-svoc ixl tout (p. Kal 6 (jlIv 'AX^avBpog 
VaTaTO BtaTa^wv slaeTt xepl tou xpaxTsou, dXkd: b Heghi%y.aq f xpoTSTay- 
y-lvoq wv tyJ(; cpuXax^q tou CTpaToxeBou jjisTa tou GTpaTou tou, ^ly]B6Xcl)<; 



32 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

xpoapilvwv to auvGYjpuz tyjc; \La%r)q, xp&TOc; TUpoalSa^s t« icepixapaxw^aTa 
twv @Y]6a(wv' eTspoc; tots aTpaTYjyoc;, o 'Au-uvtocc;, xapY)7.oXouGYja£v auTov, 
xal yjByj d^tixaxia auvexpoTYjOiQ etc; acpoBpdv y,aTa)or)£aaa [JidxYjv. Suy^P " 
vox; xal 6 'AXEc^avBpoc; <po6ou^£vo<; \xr) dq tuvBuvov Tiva uxoxlawatv ol ol- 
xeioc xpocyjXGe [ji£Td tou oXou aTpaTou. Kal ol jjlsv lup&Tot EcpopuWjaavTEc; 
I/, twv MaxeBovcov, dxsxpouaGYjaav yevvatGx; uxo twv ©Y]6af(ov, u<p' wv /.a' 1 
£(og eSBotrrjxovTa eGavaTtoGYjaav, y,al auToq Be 6 Uephiwaq exXYjytoGYj @a- 
p£G)<;' dXV 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ixtxeawv (xeTa tyjc; cpdXayyoc; tou, dxwGeT touc; 
Btq6oc(ou<; ivToq twv xuXwv tyjc; xoXeax;, etc; yjv opuoc; euxoXov eupovTec; t^v 
eYaoBov elaYjXGov jjl£t' ocutwv y.al o! xaTaBicoxovTeq auTOix; MaxeBoveq. 

^upB-rjv (juyBiqv auveuJyYjaav tots ol vcxyju-svoi pieTa Ttov vwrjTtov, xal 
aTa^aTYjcavTec; u,ev y.aTa tyjv dyopdv cuvexXdxYjaav, dXV e^sXGo uaY]<; tyjc; e\ 
KaBu,e(a xoXiopy-ou^evYjc; <ppoupd<; twv MaxeBovwv xepl to Xeyo^evov 'A\l- 
cpelov, y.aTa xpaTOc; YjTTYjGevTec; ol ®Yj6a!ot, xXsTcttoi ^jiiv eTpdxYjaav eiq <pu- 
yrjv, o^t 6X(yot B' exeaov 6u^aTa tyj<; dxeptaxetjnac; tojv. Kal Beov (iev vd 
o^oXoyYjaco^ev otc ol ©rjSalot dxt Ttva %povov dvTecTYjaav sic; tyjv dx.dGey/uov 
opuvrjv twv MaxeBovuv (ieTa tyjc; auTYjc; yevvatoTYjToc;, yjv y.al dXXoTe eBec- 
£av etc; Ta AeuxTpa y.<x\ tyjv MavTiveiav,dXV tj B6£a ocutwv auvaxeGave ^£T« 

TtoV Xp6 TpidxOVTa £t(DV TeXeUTYJddVTCOV aTpO^YJTG)V GTpaTYjy&V TG)V, TOU 

'Exau.etvu)vBou y.al tou IleXoxlBou. 

'Evm Be uxYjpxe yLeydXTQ eXxlc; oti 6 'AXe^avBpoc; YjGeXev dpy.eaGfj etc; 
tyjv TOiauTTQV ey.6aacv tyjc; (xdxYjc;, y,al oti Ta xdvTa YjGeXov uxox^P'rjast etq tt)v 
pLay,po0uu.(av 7.al Td ^tXdvGpwxa gcutou afaGifj^aTa, dXXofav (jLoptprjv Bugtu- 
Xax; IXa6ov t« xpaypiaTa. 'OcpsfXo^ev optox; vd o^xoXoYYjaw^ev OTt ot Ma- 
•/.eSove? ^ovoi Bev Yjaav evo^ot tt^<; ^xtau[x6ddY](; cppixwBoui; dvGpwxoxTOvfaq 
y.a.1 7,aTaaTpo(pY)<; tojv @iQ6afo)v* xXelaTOt Boionoi, ^wxslq y.al IlXaTatsT?, 
auu.xaTptGJTat BiQ^aB-r) xal yekovs*; twv. ©Y]6a(d)v, -rjaav iv tw MaxeBovt^w 
aTpaToxeBcp oYTtveq y.al iveGu^YjGYjaav yjByj oti xo"XXd y.at outoc y,axd exaGov 
xapd Twv @TQ6a((ov xaTd touc; ^povouc; ttj? dyepwxou eu/.Xe(a<; twv. Kat 
val [l£v uxo twv dpxatwv TjGty.oX6YO)v y^ ^xBfxYjaiq iGswpslTO (b? <ppt%aXsov 
syxXTQtJia xal ^vY]au.ev(^ovTO outoi BiaxiQpuTTovTst; oti ((Huyyvw^t) Tt[io)pfa<; 
d[A£(vtov», dXX' ot @Y]6aIot sl^ov vtaTavTifjast yjByj dcpopYjTot, y,at xp6 xoXXou 
^(peiXxuaav Icp' eauTOu<; ty)v ysvtXYjv Buaapeaxetav y.al t6 jxTaot; xdvTwv. 

Elq tyjv xaTd twv *EXXyjvg)v dxaTpaTefav tojv Ilspawv o! ©YjSaloc Bev 
lxp6Bti)cav xaT* dp^dc; Touq au^xaTptWTai; twv, touc; aXkouq "EXTajvaq, 
auvsvwGivTsq [X£Td tou xotvou i^Gpou ; KaTa tov i^qjuXcov £x£lvov IleXo- 
xovvYjataxov x6Xeu.ov, ol ©Yj6aIot Bev xapwTpuvav tou^ Aa7.£BatjjLov(ou(; vd 
BtlXGwatv ^v GTou^aTt yLaxafpaq touc; UXcciaiziq 7.al vd dxaydywatv e!<; otx- 
Tpdv aii^OiXidalav yuvalxaq y.al xaTBaq y.al vd dxoTecpptoawat ty)v xoXtv twv ; 
Ol 0Yj6aiiot xp6<; toutocc; ^Ji£Td t6 te'koq tou rtEXoxowYjataxou xoX£u.ou, 
8ts ol 'AGyjvouoi xap£B6GYjaav £t<; touc; AaxeBai[j,ov(ou<;, acpoBpwc; Bev xap£- 
/.IvYjaav toutouc; vd xaTaffTpl^wci t«<; 'AGYjvac;, dXV ol Aax£Batu.6vtot (pt- 




O AEON THZXAIPflNElAr OIOZ HTO TO flAAAl 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 33 

Xav6po)x6Tepov <p£pou,£voi Bev E<jTSp£av va sxSdXtoatv, <bg stxov, tov eva 
6(p0aX;ji6v ir}q *EXXdBog ; Twpa Xotxov xpoxstTat xat ouTot va xtwat iJixpt 
xu0u.£vog to xtxpov xoxrjptov, ox£p Y]0£XY]aav va xpoacpspoatv etg dXXoug* 
xpoxstTat at dvouJat twv xaTspcov va ^xtxeawatv sxl ia Texva. Ot xapa 
T<ji> crTpaT(JL> Xotxov "EXXrjveg, iJToc IIXaTatEtg, 'Opxo^vioc, <l>(oxetg, ©ec- 
xteig, BotanoS (Asia tg>v MaxeBovtov extxtxTOVTeg, icpoveuov dviqXecog xat 
eXaipupaywyouv Toug ©iqSatoug etg Tag oBoug, etg Tag otxtag, etg Toug va- 
oug, ev0a ot TaXatxwpot BetXtdaavTeg xaTecpuyov, aveu Btaxpcaswg yevoug 
xat -qXixtag* {jlovov to axoTog Tfjg vuxT&g eGiqxe TeXog etg Toug <povoug xat 
Tag Btapxaydg. *E£axta , x^o& ©f]6atot Trjpt0(j/r)0Y]<iav 66(xaTa TYjg Xuaaiqg 
twv iyftgCiv tcov. AuaTux&g Be Bev T^pxeae touto ptovov' ttjv extouaav Tfjg 
(JLdxTjg 6d<j;ag ^eyaXoxpexwg 6 'AXe^avBpog Toug xeaovTag ex tou GTpaTou 
tou, auu*xoaou^evoug etg xevTaxoatoug, ^TOt^d^eTO y^Byj va aTps^y) dXXaxou 
to (Ji^a' xptv 6[jlo)<; dva^wpYjay), 0eXo)V va axo^aataSfj xota (xeTpa fayeikov 
vd Xd6o)fft xept Tijg xugaq xal Trjg ^otpag twv Xotxwv xaxotxcov auTfjg, 
xposTsive to xpdyu*a etg to cu^SouXtov twv e*v T(p CTpaToxeB<i> aiiTou Bta- 
T£Xouvto)V 'EXXtjvwv, oiktveg xat xotvfj yvw^fl dx£9dv0Y]aav, ot ^ev xaTot- 
xot va xwlifjOwatv <bg dvBpdxoBa, axaaa B' v) xoXtg va XeYjXaTr^fj xat va xa- 
TeBacptaGfj, T) Be yij va BtavejJiY]0fj slq Toug au^pidxoug, xapexTog yiovov Tfjg 
dvYjxouanqg etg Toug tepetg xat Tag tepetag, xat Toug cptXoug twv MaxeBovtov* 
o>g ix xeptaaou Bs cptXav0po)xtag a't'aOr^a eBet^ev 6 'AXI^avBpog ypauyd^wv 
etg Toug cTpaTtwTag : «T^g otx.(ag ntvBdpou tou xotiqToG cp£ta0Y)TS !)) 
TptdxovTa x^a^S iy. twv y.aT0txa)v, cupLX£ptXa^6avo(jL£vwv yuvatxwv y.<x\ 
xatBwv, ixo)>vT)0Y]aav ccvtI T£Tpay,oa(o)v T£aaapdyovTa TaXdvTwv, o'tTtv£g y»at 
Bt£<jx,opxttj0Y]C7av TfjBs y.dy.£ta£ etg olxTpdv BouXdav. 

Ot oiXkoi "EXXrjvEg e0pY]VY]aav ttjv eXeEtvrjv xTwatv T^g xp6 ^.tag y£V£dg 
9£pouaf]g Td xpa)T£ta TT)g *EXXdBog x6X£wg, v.a\ xoXXd igWjveyxav xapd- 
xova y.aTd Toa 'AXE^dvBpou, oaTtg ojxwg y.al Bev T)BuvaTO va i^xoBtaY) T0 
BuaTux^tAa' tocoutov y.d>»t(jTa £cpdvr) £tg to h^q OTt ^XutuiqCyj x£pt toutou, 
waTe Bev 6x^p§£V sxtote ©Y]6atog i% twv x£ptaa)0£VTO)v , oaTtg, ^TQTYJaag 
Xaptv Ttvd xapd toO 'AX^dvBpou, hh £Xa6£V auTTjv Ba^tXwg. 

A\ aXXat x6X£tg at dvu^waaaat tyjv aiq^afav T^g avxapatag, ^Xlxouaat 
Tdg dxav0pa)xoug xpd?£tg twv x£pl tov 'AXI^avBpov, dxoB£tXtdaatjat, xpo- 
06{Ji(i)g eax£uaav vd OxoTax0toat xat a50tg e!g auTov' xal ot jxev 'HXetoi 
EXETpe^av d[xeatog xd0oBov etg tyjv xaTptBa etg xdvTag Toug cptXoug toO *A- 
Xe^dvBpou, oug elxov xptv ^optaet, ot B' 'ApxdBEg dvexdX£aav i% tou 'IgQ- 
jjlou t6v £v.€ia£ x£ticp0£VTa %aTd tou 'A^E^dvBpou CTpaTov, xaTaBtxdaav- 
T£g £*v auTW £tg GdvaTov Toug xponatTtoug TT^g ixaTpaTetag TauTiQg* auy- 
Xpovwg Be xat at ^xoaTaTTjaaaat xo^Eig twv AtTwXtov xpsaSetg xeu.ipaaat 
E^-fjTYjaav auyyvw^TQV Btd Td yEyovoTa. *0 'AXe^avBpog, cpcXdvGpwxa 1% 
<p6a£O)gEX(i)vata0Y3u < aTa,(bgu.a0rjT'r)gxp6 xdvTWVToQ 'AptaTOT£Xoug,^BEX0iQvd 



34 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANArPOY 

cf>ep0fj Xtav ixiem&q elq dxavTaq, y*at ^dXtcrua elq tou<; 'AOYjvatouc; ouq i^6- 
X(o<; eTtfjia Bid tyjv B6c;av tcdv, (be; yat 6 xaTYjp tou. 

'EwpTat^ov B' oOtot Ta 'EXsuctvta Muarrjpta tyjc; Ayjjayjtpoc; ots y) s'i- 
Biqatc; tyjc; xavTsXouc; yaTaaTpocpjc; twv ©yjS&v xapd twv sx,s!ae yaTa^uyov- 
T(ov 0Yj6atG>v d^tyETO. rsvtxY) d0u^jua, yal ypauyat, yal yoxETot, yal 0pfjvot 
BtsB60Yjcjav eiq dxavTac; touc; o'lxouq, a^a ty) dvayysXta, yal yj \ih sopTY) Bts- 
yoxYj, o? B' 'A0Y]vaIot saxsuaav vd ^ETayojxtciGXJtv svtoc; tyjc; xoXeax; to: s^o 
0ev auTYjc; yet^Eva ytvYjTd xpdyjjiaTa, <po6o6[A£VOt piYj uxoaTtbai yal outoi xo- 
Xtopytav Ttvd xapd tou *AXsc;dvBpou. 

Suyxpovox; yal Bsya xpsaSstc;, xpoTaaec tou Arj^dBou, dxeaTaXYjcrav sic; 
tov ' AXsc;avBpov,auyxatpovT£c; auxw exI tyj sutuxei sxav6B(p tou sy tyjc; x^- 
pa<; twv TptSaXXwvyal 'IXXuptwv, EVTaikfi) Be yal tyjv suxaptaTYjctvauTWv 
Ixcppd^ovTEc; sxl tyj Btyata tgjv ©Yj6ai(ov Tt^wpta yal jjlovov xapayaXouvTsq 
auTov vd sxtTps^Yj costs yj xoXtc; twv , A0Y)V(ov yaTd to dvsyaGsv auaTY)[xa au- 
tyj<; vd xapaBsxsTat <ptXav0ptoxtac; svsya touc; etc; auTYjv yaTacpsuyovTag. Eu- 
(jlevioc; 6 'AXs^avBpoc; touc; ts xpsaSstc yal Ta<; xpOTaas-tc; auTiov dxoBs- 
%Qeiq, ouBsv aUo yal outoc; dxYjTYjce xapd Ttov 'A0YjvatG)v, ec (jiyj otc ixstBirj 
o? BY]yLaywyol Yjsav, wc; sXsysv, ot BtsystpovTsc; tov Xaov et<;Td dvTapTtxd 
ytvYjiiaTa, yal ot yuptwc; ToaauTa ywXupiaTa sic; touc; cxoxouc; auTOUExtcps- 
povTS<;,vd tw xapaBaxjoxri touc; sxGptywc; Biaxst^ivouc; xpogaikov pYjToptxc;, 
ev olc; yal tov Ayj^ocj0svy)v, tov Auyoupyov, t6v *Yx£pfBY]v, t6v IIoXue- 
xtov, t6v XapfBY][xov, t6v tov 'E<pcd\TY)v, tov AtoTt^iov %<xl tov Mo t g<xy.Xia. 

Suv£"X£ua£0)(; Be tou Ayj^lou exItoutcj) y£vo^.£VY)(;, 6 plevxptq^to.; <£g)>ug)v, 
ov y,at auToc; 6 'AXI^ocvBpot; ETc^xa %<x\ £a£6£T0 ixl ty) dp£TYJ, xpo£T£tve vd xa- 
paBwawatv d^lao)? tou<; dvBpaq I^iXeouvtei; outo) tyjv opyrjv tou gaacXiwc; 
v.a\ y.-?) £7.0£tovt£<; Btd ty]? dvoYjTou dvTt(7Tda£wc; T(ov etc; tyjv au^Sdaav ctu^jl- 
(popdv twv @Y)6afo)V %a\ ty^v /.aTacTpocpYiv twv 'AOy^vwv: (("Ac; Set ^toa-tv ot 
Bly.a ouTOt dvBpE? touc; oxotouc; ^yjtsi 6 'AXic^avBpoc;, ixpoaGEciEV ocptXoxa- 
Tptc; dvrjp, oti da'^lvox; £/,Tt0£VTczt 6xep ir}<; xaTptBoc; etc; t6v exax£tXouvTa 
auTOuc; yJvBuvov, y.al dc; ^iyj cpavwat yaTWTepot dx6 Tdg y.6pa<; tou Aew y.at 
Tdc; *Yay»tv0tBac;, uxo^xlvovTac; Ixouatax; Cxsp tyjc; xaTptBoq)). 'AW 6 
AY^JLoa0£VT)c; dva6dc; Ixt tou gir^aToc; yal BtY)yr]0£tc; etc; tov Byj^ov tov {jlO0ov 
twv Xuy.ojv, ornvec; xpOETEtvav e!<; Td dpvta dv y^s^ov vd ^watv £tpY]vtxwc; ^jlet' 
auTwv vd xapaBwawcytv e?<; auTouc; touc; y,uva<; o'tTtveq Td EcpuXaTTov, Bevtouc; 
dcpY]y.e vd Tcl^wdt touc; p-rjTopac; Etc; tov 'AXI^avBpov' c?x£aTaXY] Be (/.ovov 
6 pYjTG^p Ar^dB-rjc;, oaTtc; tyjv tBtatTspav tou 'AX£?dvBpou Euvotav sxatpsv, 
wc; dXXoTE s'tBopiEV, yocl yotTd tyjv iv XatpwvEta ^dxY]v, oti exatps tyjv tou 
<l>tXtxxou, yal etc; ov, auvBpojjL-n tou Ay)[j.oct0£Vouc;, xevte iB60Y](jav TalavTa 
(be; IcpoBtov TYJc; 6Botxopta<; tou. *0 AY]u.dBY]c; execcje tov 'AXI^avBpov vd d- 
xoaupY) ty^vxepItojv pY)Topwv xpoTczatvTou. Ouxt Be [i6vovoi!iB£vaX6yov 
xspt twv Etc; lauT^v u6p£o^v twv 'AOYjvcztwv £xotY)craTO 6 'A>,£c;avBpoc;, dlla 
y.at ty)v cptXoTt^tav twv ixoXdy.su as, xpoTplxojv auTouc; vd Evaaxo^wvTat Etc; 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 35 

Ta xpaYtAaTa ttj<; xaTptBog twv, Biotc ^sxa tov GdvaTOV <xutou outoi e^leX- 
Xov vd ysivwatv dpxqyoi ttj<; 'EXXdBog, w<; dvExaGsv toioutoi uxijp^av. 

'ExtJTps^ai; 6 *AX£?avBpo<; sec; MaxsBovcav, Bed y,SYaXoxp£xwv £OpT<ov 
£xavYjYuptaev £t<; Td<; Acyac; xal to Alov (eTepav xoXiv Tfj<; MaxsBovcac;) Taq 
xaTocTov"I(7Tpov, du.ee Be xai Td<; x«Ta twv 'IXXupcwv v(x.a<;Tou, y.ac tyjv xaTd 
Tfjq'EXXdBoc; teXeutociocv sxiBpo^v tou, au[x6aaaq ttjv avot^tv %<x\ t6 cpGtvo- 
xwpov svo<; xal tou auTou stouc; 302 x. X. 

'O 'Appiavoq' dva^spst xapaaTaTtxwTSpov 0TipiQTw<; 6'AXs^avBpoq xpo- 
asipspEV ei<; tov A(o$ tov 'OXupixcov ttqv xapd tou 'Ap^sXdou BioptaGsTaav 
Gudavj %<xl exavYjyuptasi tov '0Xuu.xiax.6v dywva* Xsystoci Be x.at otc /.at 
sTspov sVo(y)<tsv dywva o 'AXs^avBpoq xpoq tcu.t)v twv svvsa Mouawv.' Aid- 
cpopoi Bs, tot£ 9fj(jiai BisBoGiqaav, u.ETa£u tou oxXou, sv olq dvayipeiai xal oti 
to sec; Asi6Y]Gpa (u.£Ta?u 0EaaaXia<; xai MocxeBovcocc;) ayaX^a tou Opaxoq 
xocyjtou 'Opcpcox; YBpwae auvsxwq (touto) xpoijXGs Qehaiuq evsxa Tfj<; jis- 
YaXrjc; auppofjs tou xXyjGou<;), x.al dXXa tocoutou e'cBouq GaujxaTa, ££ wv 
6 pidvTt? TaX^juaasix; 'ApccTavBpo? xpoe^dvTsuaev ecq tov 'AXI?avBpov oti 
IVsXXs vd xpd^Yj [Lzyaku xaTopGw^iaTa, xal otc oc xoiYjTat GsXouacv IBpwast 
Tpoxov TtvA aTtxoupYouvTe? zal^aBovT£<; to: 'igyat tou 'AXs^dvBpou. 

K<rrd tyjv xaTaaTpo^Yjv Be twv ©yjSwv xal to dxoXouGov auv£6r) sxscao- 

SlOV. 

T<xy[La Opaxwv KaTeBa<pteav veal TTjvocxiav yuvaixog extwv xXoutriWTdTwv 
y,aXouu.£VY]c; Ttu.o/.Xs(a<;, Yjpxaas toc axeuY). 'O dpXY]Yoc,Twv Xa<pupaY<*>Y wv 
s'Siaas ty)v Yuvaixa tocutyjv vd o^oXoYYjaY) xou efye xexpu^evov T&xpuatov 
xal t6 dpYuptov ttq<;. IIup exBcxYjaswq xveouaa yj TcjJioxXsia e$>ep£v <xutov 
e?S to GTo^xtov tou zaTo: t6v x.fjxov cppiaToq, X^YOuca oti £Vto<; auTou elvai 
dxavT£q o! 0Y]aaupo( tyj<;, GuvtaTdyL£vot dq xoXuTt^xa x£ptB£pata, ipiXXta, 
IvcoTia, xoTTjpta xal Ta TOtauTa. Kal 6 ^sv gdp6apo<; xX(va<; ttjv %£(paX"r]v, 
(/.aTa IloXuaivov), 6 '{Btoc; y.aTa6dc; £vto<; tou uBaTO?, £*?£Ta^£t pi£Td axXr]- 
ctou x£pt£pY£ia?, T] Be TtpLoxXEta axwOYjaaaa auTov, tov y,pY]^v(^£t evt6<; tou 
cppiaTOt;, y.al dva)0£V auTou [X£YaXouc; pcxtei XiGouq, PotqSou^Ivtq xal ux6 
twv 0£paxaivtBwv ttq<;. Meto: jAaxpdv dva^YjTiqaiv dvaxaXu^avTEc; ot aTpa- 
TiwTat to xpdYlJ-a dvEtXxuaav jjlev, ex tou <pp!aTO<; to XTwpia tou dpxiQY ^ 
twv, tyjv hk T {{Lo-x.'kzKxv BsaavTEc; £(p£pav svwxtov tou gaatXIwq. To ckye- 
pwxov tt^c; Y]pw?vY]<; ^Xlxwv 6 'AXs^avBpoc;, evoyjcev d^sawc; oti y^to exi- 
<jt]|jlo<; y.al Y£vvafa y uvy % ^pwTY]0£Iaa_8 , ux' ocutou tc<; y^to, <(EI[jiat, eIxev, 
dBsXcp^Tou @£aY£vou<;, ogtk; GTpaTY)Yo<; wv el<;TT)v Xatpwv£tavex£asY£vva(- 
w<; 6x£p TTjs/EXXdBoc; ^axo^evo<;». ©aupidaac; 6 'AXI^avBpoc; i%\ xfi 
ToXyi.Y]p(? dxavTYjast xal Tfj Y £ vvat(? xpd?£t tt^c; T \[Lov.\ei<xq SteTa^s vd 
d9£0^ E'XsuOEpa xai vd dx^XGjQ oxou tjGeXe tASTd twv texvwv tyj?. 



KEOAAAION B'. 

Kaxa6xa6\q xnc; Ilepdiac;. — e O 'A^i^av&po^ a^ig^txax t\q ttiv MtKpav 
'Adiav. — Hg&xn atrcov EKdtpaTEia \ca\ 759(0x11 yajcn Kaxa t<5v Tltg6d\ 
Tttgx toy rpaviKov. 




EPI T-qg iffTopia? xal tyjc; 
xaTaaTaaeax; ttj<; Ilep- 
aixijS aiiTOxpaToptac, 
6a daxo'kriQtiy.ev tjBtq, 
ev6a xupfw? (liXXet vd 
BiaBpa^aTiaGf) t)cjxy)vt], 
Yfziq xpox£tTat vd [A£Ta- 

SdToflTTJV ^JLOp^lfjV TO TO- 
TS xoau^ou, xat axaaav ttjv l^ouafav atpaipouaa axo 
tt)<; 'Aa(a<; vd ^£Ta6t6dqr) auTTjv zlq ttjv EupwxiQV. 
Kupo?, 6 GEU^Taoyu-rjc; Tfjq IIepaty.Yj<; yiovapxtag, 

£X£^£T£tV£ TY]V iJjoUCjfaV aUTOU £%\ TG)V XaTa TY)V Ml- 

xpdv 'Aafav ^EXX^vix&v dxoixia)v,6£C7a<;Td uBaTaTou 
Alyafou rUXdyouq <b<; BuTixd opta tt)<; dx£pdvTou 
xupiapxia?- TovKupov BieBI^S?) 6 u!6<; tou Kaur 
66(7Y]<;, xal toutov Aap£to<; o *Yc7Ta<7xou<;, xal ij.£t' 
aikov l6a<j(Xeuaev 6 u\6q tou Eep^y]?, xaaiYVGXjToc 
iyupoTepoi Bid Tdq xaTa Tfjq 'EXXdBo? IxaTpaTdaq 

TtoV. 

Mexa t6vEIp?tqv y£v £a ctvcxdvwv y)Y£^6vg>v d£a- 
a(X£ua£V ev rUpata. 

Kal UXTJPXS H^V TUXIXY] Tl'S EtplfjVY) (Jl£Ta?U TWV 

Buo £6vfiv, dXV at ecpoBot twv Ilepccov el? tt)V 'EUdBa £a8uTaTY)V £vt6- 
■juwaiv £V£xofr)aav elq Ta xv£u^aTa twv 'EXMjvcdv, ccpoBpd Be xdXr) &pa(v£TO 
oTt gpeXXe vd xpoxu^Y) xpo<; !xBixY)atv twv B£tvwv cfccva ixYjYaYOV etc; au- 
touc;* xat ot ixiv "EUrjVE? I^touv sxtots <*<popu.7)v vd xpoaSaXwat touc; 
nipaag, xat xaatyvwaTa Td Btd 6aXd<jaY)<; Tp6xata tou Kiu-wvoq xal tou 
Kovwvoq, dXk' oi Illpaat <fy.uv6y.evoi, <zvti GTpaTwv xal gtoXwv ex£[ixov vuv 
XP^jixaTa e?<; t9jv 'EXXdBa Bo>poBoxouvT£c; T-ftv (fctav xoTav xaTa tyj<; fiXXijq 
xal e!<; dBiaxoxouq epiBa<; BtaTY)pouvT£<; tou<; "EXToqvac; xpoq dXMjXouc;. 

Kupo? 6 v£WTspoc;, <*Be7upo<; 'ApTa^lp^ou tou Mvy)[aovo<;, BexaTpsT? %i- 
Xtdcac; (xiaGocpopwv 'EX)sY)vwv auixxapaXa6wv, ^Xee xaTa tou dBs^ou 




ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 37 

tou' xal expac;av ^ev Ttpovct ot "EXXtjvsc; 0au^.aTa dvBpetac; xat ysvvato^u- 
Xiaq, e^aicavToq B'-tjGsXov dva6t6daet t6v Kupov ext tou 0p6vou Tfjq Ilepatac;, 
dv xapdXoyoc; aiiTou op^jurj Bev exepepe tov 0dvaTOV eiq ocutov.'AXV ots tj 
Bpd£ ocuttq twv etc; i&q dyvaxruouc; X^P ^ T °u Eu9paTou eyxaTaXeicp0evTG)V 
xal aveu apx^you Bta^stvdvTwv dvBpwv TjBuvTj0Tjaav aveu x^pTOU xat aveu 
xu?tBo<; Tivoq vd BieX0G)ac Ta opTj ttj<; 'Ap^svtaq xal vd exiaTps^waiv etc; ttjv 
xaTptBa Ttov jjl£t« evtauatav xsptxXdvTjatv xat dxecpouc; xtvBuvouq, Tt dXXo 
eairj^aive touto xal Tt d'XXo t^to et^Tj Tpavov Beiy^a ttjc; ixsydXiQq uxepoxTjc; 
tg>v *EXXtjvg)V xaxd twv Ilepawv ; 

At xaTa ttjv 'Aatav ^EXXfjvtxal xoXstc;, at ^£Td tou Kupou cuy^axV 
aacat, <puatxa) T<p X6y(p exeaxdaavTO ttjv 6pyTjv tou 'ApTa^lp^ou xal twv 
aaTpaxwv tou, xal axocrraXstc; \xh xp6<; uxspdaxtatv aiiTwv 6 ^aatXeix; twv 
HxapTtaTwv 'AyTjatXaoc;, 6 Tjpcoc; twv dpxatwv tq6o)v ttj<; xaTptBoc; tou, Xa^A- 
xpdq xaT' dpxdq IXa6e vtxaq xaTa tg>v Ilepawv, dxoXou0(o<; B' etaBuuac; xal 
dq ttjv $puytav, xal xaTavoTjaa<; evTsXax; ttjv eatoTeptxTjv ttj<; x^P ^ dBuva- 
[itav, auveXaSe ttjv tBeav vd dvaxpl^Tj xavTaxaat tov 0p6vov tou jieyaXou 
fiaatXeax;, xal YjTot^d^eTO tjBtj vd extxeqg xaT' aiiTou, to dpyuptov o^uoq xal 
at ^.T)xavoppa<ptat twv Ilspawv extxtvBuvov Brrjystpav au^axtav ©Tj6ata>v, 
'AOTjvatcov, KoptvGtwv xal dXXwv 'EXXTjvtxwv xoXswv xaTa ttj<; SxdpTTjc;, 
TjTtq xal TfjvaY/.da0Tj vd ^sTaxaXeafl tov 'AyTjatXaov, Btaxot^aaa auT&v ttjc; 
sxtxstpirjasax; tou. Ils^cpOstc; Be tots etc; ttjv Ilspatav 6 'AvTaXxtBa<;, 6 
xpoawxtxoc; tou 'AyrjaiXdou £x0po<;, auveBeae ttjv ataxpdv ^xetvTjv xal exo- 
vstBtaTov (JLSTa tou (xsydXou ^aatXIwq ctuvOtjxtjv, Bt' Tjq xapsx w P°uvTO etq au- 
tov at ev ttj 'Aata eX^Tjvtxal xoXstq* o0sv xal ^xl ttj? ^aat^stac; tou 'Ap- 
Ta^ip^ou v Qx ou £^T£p£to0Tj ext[jiaXXov T) i^ouata twv nspawv ev T"jj Mtxpt? 
'Aata (wq xat ev AtyuxTw) Bid Tfjq txavoTTjTO<; tou euvouxou xpw0uxoup- 
you Baywou, xat twv iv auTfj PoBtwv xuSepvTjTwv, Ttov dBsXcpwv MevTOpoq 
y.al Me^jivovoq. Tov T Qx ov BtsBexOtj 6 vewTspoq utoq tou 'Apa-rjg, xat jJisTd 
toutov dveSirj (to> 333 xp. Xp.) etc; tov 0p6vov ttjc; Ilspatac; Aapsto^ 6 KoBo- 
^xavoc;, Btaxptvo^evoq ex' dvBp£ta y,at d'XXotc; xpoT£pTj^aat, xpo xdvTwv Be 
Btd tov xpaov xai d*v£xtXTjxTov x a P a%TT )p« t° u « 'Ext toutou Be xp6x£t- 
Tat vd T£0fj £t<; ivlpy£tav t6 xaTa ttjc; Il£pcj(ac; cxeBtov tou ^>tXtxxou, axs- 
Btov ToXyLTjpov \xiv, 0[)-/\ o[Lb)q dx£ptax.£XT0V, v.<x\ [Lzyd'ka.q {JidXtaTa xapixov 
£XxtBa<; ixtTux^ac;. Kat d^tSoXov p.£V av 6 3>tXtxxo<; Yj0eXe Buvtj0^ vd 
xpoxwp'rjaT) ToaouTOVjT) avTj0£X£V dpy.£<j0fj x£ptopt^6^JL£voq ^6vovvdxupt£uaTj 
X^pac; Ttvdc; xaxd ttjv Mtxpdv 'Aatav' dXV 6 (JiEyaXocpptov uloq tou auve- 
Xa6e vuv tt)v (Blav vd xpTjpivtafl 1% 0£^£\(g)v ttjv yL£ydXirjv TauTTjv auToxpaTO- 
ptav. Kat Btdcpopa \xh dXXa aTj[i£ta BtaXua£(o<; £x!x£tvTO yjBtj e?<; tt)v Ueg- 
aiXTjv ^.ovapxtav, dWoi xat xp6 xdvTwv cuveT£X£aav et<; touto dy* hbq (jtiv 
ol ex xotxtXtov e0vwv auvtaTdtJi£vot 6xTjxoot ttjc;, Bta^lpovTEc; xp6<; dX^Tj^ouc; 
xaTa Te YJ0TJ, xal e0t^a, tt)v yXwaaav, tou«; v6[Louq %<xi Ta aupicpspovTa, dy' 
eTepou h* ot vuv aaTpdxat auTTj<;, xaTavTTjaavTec; {xdXXov <b<; dvsc;dpTTjTOty.at 



38 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

auTovo^xot YjyetJLovsq yj (be; uxoteXeTc; sic, t6v Gpovov' oGev y.at i^YjYouvTac Iv 
txepst at £v axapst Ytyvopisvat xaTaxTYjastc; tou 'AXsi;dvBpou, xaGoaov dx)aj 
[aovov scpoBoc; sepspsv etc; tyjv UTuoTayYjv xal Ta eGvyj xai touc; aaTpaxac;* Tau- 

TOXpOVCOS O^toc; 6cp£tXo^L£V VCZ 6^oXoYY](TO)[JL£V OTt SV(I) Y) |JL£YaX£XY]6oXo(; aUTYJ 

sxtxstpYjatc; dxESXsxs xuptwc; vd EXsuGsptoGwatv dxo tou ^uyou twv IIspa(bv 
ot £v tyj 'Asia "EXXyjvec;, ot xXeTctoc toutwv auvot/.stG)GsvTsc;, <b<; cpatvsTat, 

^JL£Td TG)V BscJXOTtoV T(i)V, OuBs^JltaV slq TOUTO sBst^aV BtdGsatV Y.<xl XpoGu- 

puav, <bs Buax £ P £aTC *TYjv xat dpieptSoXov GetopouvTsc; tyjv sxtTuxtav tou xpdy- 
\xaioq. Auxyjp&v B' oti xoXXaxou, (be; GeXo^ev tBfj dxoXouGwc;, oux^ (aovov 
Bsv auvYjpYYjaav outoi Etc; tyjv dxEXEuGEpwcrtv twv, dXV dxsvavTtac; xai 
pi£Yd)oqv sBEte;av dvTtaTaatv, r\q svExa y.at YjvaYxd^ETO 6 'AXsc;avBpoc; vd 
xaTaepsuYT) stc; ax)oqpd xat dxdvGpwxa ^sTpa el? tov 'AataTtxov dxspxo^E- 
vo<; xoa^ov. 

'Axo xdvT(ov vuv twv xsptxuxXouvTtov aiiTov s^wTsptxtov xwXu^aTWV xat 
xsptaxaapuov dxaXXaystc; 6 'AXs^avBpoc; Yjpc;aTO yjByj dvaXau.6dva)v tov 
IlEpatxov xoXspiov. Kat xptv pisv dvaxwpYjqfj etc; tyjv Mtxpdv 'Aatav, dxep- 
%6[L£voq, dcfrjxs xpoc; s^aaepdXtatv tyjc; %u>paq tov 'AvTtxaTpov (be; dvTt^aatXsa 
pt£Td BcoBsxaxtax^ttov xs^(bv xal Btax^^v txxswv, cuaTYjaac; etc; aiiTov tyjv 
(iYjT£pa tou xal xpoTpi^ac; ocutov vd Tt^xa xal vd xspcxotYJTai aiiTYjv £%<x<;lbiq 
TYjc; Glasax; tyjc;. *Evo<; B' IxdaTou i% twv sxtaYj^oTspwv auXtxwv auTou 
s^ETd^tov tyjv otxovo^xtxYjv xaTdaraatv, Btdcpopa Btsvet^sv st<;a6Tou<; ^apia^a- 
Ta, etc; toutov [Lev dypov yj xal xcbpiYjv, Etc; exstvov Be xpocjoBov Xtjiivoc; yj 
yj xoXegx;, y) dXXo Tt. 'Eva) B' outg) Bt£ypd9ovTO Td ^ocatXt7.d etaoBifj^aTa, 
xapcbv y.at 6 IIepBty.a<;, sxtaYjpioc; xat outoc; dpxTQYoc;, %<xi ^Xixwv tov 'AXe- 
$avBpov dcpEtBwq piev Btavl[jiovTa Td %agi<7[L(X'z<x f xpoGu^ou^svov Be %<x\ elq 
toutov vd xpoacpEpfl dvdXoyov Tt BwpYj^ia, ((2u Be, ^aatXsu, T(p eIxev 6 aTpa- 
TYjyoc;, Tt ^uXdTTEtc; BtdTov iauTovaou ;— «Td<; sXxtBac;)), dxsxptGYj 6 'AXs- 
c?avBpoc;.-^-((ME Tdc; auTdc; Xotxov sXxtBac; suxaptciTOu^EGa xal r][ieiq)), 
uxeXa6sv 6 Il£pBtxa<;. Ou pitxpdv B' EVTuxwcrtv ot Xoyot tou IlEpBt7.ou 
xpou^EVYjaav sic; t6v 'AXsc^avBpov, oaTtc; etepxsto Etc; TotauTaq ETot^oXoytac;, 
Bt6 7.7.X y.aTd t6v GdvaTov tou xposTtu/rjaev ocutov twv d'XXwvau^txwv^apa- 
Bouc; Etc; ocutov to BaxTuXtBtov tou' aYj[jietG)TEOV OTt 6 riepBtxxac; y^to eIc; twv 
yEvvatoTEpwv aTpaTYjywv, jJLEYdXac; xpd£a<; dvBpayaGtac; xaTd Td<; ^dxaq 
dxoXouGwc;. 

K aTpaT6c;, ov 6 'AXsc^avBpoc; xpoY]TOt[xaa£ Btd tyjv xaTa tyjc; ITspatczc; 

IxaTpOCTEtOtV, CTUVE7.EIT0 ly. TptaXOVTa X^^dB(OV XE^OU GTpaTOU /.at XEVTE %Ckl- 

dBojv txxtxou' scpspE B' 6 'AXsc^avBpoc; y.at E6Bo^YjxovTa TaXavTa jjleG' lau- 
tou xal ^woTpocptac; Bt' Eva [XYjva, (be; dxepxo^svoc; stq x^P av ^Xouaiav, ^v yj 
Yj).xt^e vd eupYj dcpEtBwc; xpo T(bv xoBwv tou Btaxexu^sva xdvTa Td xpetwBYj. 
Kal Yjaav [ikv xal ?svot iv tw aTpaTw TouT(p, w EXXyjve<; 6tu7.it a i, ouc; xap£- 
axov auTw at 'EXXr;vt/.at xoXstc;, y,at "EXXyjvec; p,taQo(p6pot, xpoq TOUTOtc; 
Be /.at dXXot auu-^axot xal uxoteXeIc;, BsaaaXot, Tpt6aXXot, 'IXXuptot, '0- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 39 

Bpucrat, 'Ayptdvec;, Ilatovsc;, ©pax.sc;, xe^ot ts y.at \%%e\q' dXk* ot xuptwc; 

dxoTsXouvTec; t6v GTpatov tou 'AXe^dvBpou 7)aav auToxpYjiia MaxeBovec; 
yevvalot xat u^dxt^ot d'vBpsc;, e£Y)<7y,Y)u.£V0t ext tou <£tXtxxou etc; TaqTouxo- 
Xe^JLOJ y.at tyjv (jxXYjpaywytav. Ot dvwxspot dc^tw^aTtxot toutwv Yjaav e- 
c^iQotovTOUTetc;, dptcyua xexstpa^evot etc; tov xoXe^iov, twv Be Xotxwv GTpaTtw- 
twv xXetaTOt Yjaav xsvTYj/,ovTOUT£tc;. *0 IIapu.£vtwv -rJTO ixt xe'cpaXYjc; twv 
xs£,wv, xu6epvwv tyjv <pdXayya uxo to o[L[l<x tou faatXewc;, 6 utoc; auTou <J>t- 
XwTag eVuSepva touc; txxeTc; , 6 Be Ntxdvwp, erepoc; utoc; tou IlaptJisviwvoc;, 
£y,u6spva touc; uxaaxtaTac;, Tayu.a xe^wv e'XacppoTspov wx^tapiivwv twv <pa- 
XayytTwv. "AXXot B* oux yjttov extcrrju-ot GTpaTYjyot "?jaav 6 IlToXe^aToc;, 
6 Kolvoq, 6 KpaTSpoc;, 6 'A^uvTac;, 6 'Epuytoc; KdXaq, dpx^yo? twv Oea- 
aa'Xwv txxewv, y.at 6 KdacjavBpoc;, apx^yo? twv Opaxwv xat twv Ilatovwv, 
ev yevet B* ot GTpaTYjyol tou 'AXe^dvBpou xaptaxwv @ouXyjv y) yepouctav 
uxo vsavtou xposBpsuo^evYjv. Tyjv xpOTepatav tyjc; dvaxwpYjaewc; ecpixxog 
6 'AXe£avBpo<; xal gtiX6wv 6x6 tyjv xpuafjv y.at },a(Jixpdv auTou xavoxXtav 
%onX Td Xeuxd y.at {JisyaXoxpexYj xTspd tyjc; xeptxetpaXatac; tou, GTac; £v pieaw 
twv CTpaTtwTWV tou, eXdXYjaev outwc; e(<; ocutouc; : 

"AvBpe c, GTpaTtwTat ! 

(('ExItyjv 6(JieTepav dvBpstav y.at xpoGuuJavxexotGwc; Tfj twv Gewv auv- 
dpast dvaXa^6dvwTov uJyavTouTov dywva.riatBtoGev eyvwptaa, eGau^aaa y.at 
xoXuetBwc; dBoy.tu.aaa 6u.dc; auc;6u.evoc; tyjv YjXtxtav. At' 6u.wv t6v tspov 
Xoxov twv dc^toOpYjvYjTWV yjBtq 0Yj6atwv ivtxYjaa, Bt'uu-wvTouc; MatBouq y,a0u- 
xexa^a, Bi' 6u.wv Td @dp6apa yetTovtx.d eGvYj xal touc; dXa^ovac; Ks^Tac; 
exaxstvwaa. 'AXXd Tt Xsyw ; 'Axou/iq dxvt^ouct %<x\ elvat etc; ipstxta Ta 
xaieBacptaGevTa Tetxrj twv ©yj6wv, YjTtc; iv Tfj uxspYjcpavsta tyjc; ^ToXu-Yjae 
vd i[Lbd'k'fi xpoaxou^aTa etc; to u-eya epyov, oxep £%' atatotc; otwvo"tc; ixt- 
X£tpouu,£V GY]u,epov. Nat I *H xaTaaTpocp-rj tyjc; xoXewc; TauTYjc;, YjTtc; pie 
Xuxet dvBo^JLUxwc;, elvat y.aTop0wu.a tyjc; 6u.£T£pa<; euToXu.ta<;, dXXd to xapov 
epyov elvat dauyxptTW tw Xoyw xoXu (xeyaXstTspov, dxtxovwTspov xal i%\- 
xtvBuvwBeaTspov twv yjByj xpoYjyYjGevTWV. Od dxou.axpuv0YjTe y.at 0d dxo- 
Xwpta0YjTe i%\ xoXXd Ityj dx6 tyjc; xaTptBoc; y,at twv otyetwv aaq, 0d dxeX- 
0YjTe etc; yrjv c;Ivyjv xal (JL£U.ay,puau.ivYjv, dvapptxwvTec; opYj 6^YjXd %(xl Bua- 
6aTa, Bta6atvovT£<; xoTau.ouc; xat xzi^dppouc, ^a0£tc; y.al 6p{JLYjTt%ouc;, xal 
xeBtdBac; dvuBpouc; y.at dpYj^ouc;, 6d dvTtxaXataYjTe xpoq xoXux>.Yj0£aTe- 
pouc; ix^pouq, dWa Ta xdvxa xexot0a oTt 0d 6xou.stVYjTe euxaptaTWc;, xat 
id xdvTa Gd uxepvtXYja^Te Tfj 0eta dpwyfj, y.a06aov u^dXtaTa y.at yj Boc^a yjv 
i% toutou 0d XdSYjTe Gd elvat dvTac^ta twv ^sydXwv xoxwv aaq. 

'AvBpt^saOe Xotxov xat jay) XYjau.ovYJTe OTt elaGe xpowpta^lvot vd auv- 
TsXecTYjTS Bid tyjc; dvBpstac; 6piwv etc; ty)v Ixl Td xpetaaw u.£Ta6oXY)v tyjc; c«v- 
Gpwxotyjtoc;, BtoTt TotauTYj etvat y) Ge^Yjatc; twv Gewv)) ! 

MsTa Baxpuwv ^apac; ot GTpaTtwTat dxsucpYju-Yjaav touc; X6youc; tou 



40 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

'AX^dvBpou, xapouaa B^ yj ^TjTYjp ataoO ' OXu(Jixtd<;, ivYjYxaXiaGY) tov 
ulov tyjs, x,a! daxaGEiaa auTov £izl tou (jletwxou, «"A£ca tyjs YsvvYjasax; 
aou)>, to) slxs, «vd cppovfjg, tsxvov iaou)). 

'Ex tyj<; IIeXXyjs 6 'AXs^avBpos iast£6yj p.sTa tou cTpaTOu tou eiq tyjv 
'A^xqnxoXiv, xal ixeTGev Bicfc tyj<; xapaXcaq tyj<; @pdx.Yj<; (BcsXGwv t<x<; *EX- 
XYjvtxdc; xapaGaXaadou? xoXett;, to: "A6BY]pa y.al tyjv Mapcovetav, xaiTou? 
xoTa[xou^ STpupiova, "E6pov y.a$ MeXava) £vt6<; e(v.oai xspcxou Yj^pwv 
ecpGaasv eiq tyjv xaTd tt?jv eupwxatotYjv xXeupdv tou ^EXXyjoxovtou xst^svYjv 
xoXcv Syjctov. 

OuBscq sxexsipiQffs va y.(i)Xuqfj tou<; MaxeBovas ^ BiaSwct tov xoTajiov, 
s'cts BtOTt Bev dvsXoyfaGYjaav ot Ilepaat xoaov \xiyaq yjto 6 exiy.st[Ji£Vo<; y.(vBu- 
vog, errs Bcoti 6 BopuxTYjTtop xpoeXa6sv auTou? y,aTa tyjv Ta^uTYjTa, xptv 
Iti exslvot Xd6a)ffi xaipov va xd^wac tyjv eXaxtaTYjv xpoxapaaxeuYjv. *Exa- 
t6v £^Y)/,ovTaTptY]p£i<; p.£Ta Ttvwv <popTY)Ywv aXXwv xXocwv xpoaBttoptaGYjaav 
YjBYjva {JL£TaYaYO)(Tt tov aTpaTov i% tyj<; 2yj<7tou elq ttjv dxevavTi ccxtyjv xaTa 
tyjv cbiaTixYjV xXsupdv tou xoTa^ou xsipilvYjv "A6uBov. T(<; B* dxouwv to 
ovo^a tyj<; 'A66Bou Bsv dvaaTupToc avaxoXwv Ta xaG' *Hp(b xai AeavBpov 
Tpaycxa cu^SsSYjxoTa, xaG* a 6 Bustu^*)? £paaTYj<; vyjx6[xsvos rcpoq cuvlv- 
T£u?iv tyj<; cp(XYj<; tou dxvifY) £vto<; tou uBaToq; Tyjv ct£vg)T(xtyjv (outox; 
scxslv) Bitopuya tcxutyjv (ji6Xi<; B6o (juXcwv xXgcto^ I^ouaav, ttjv ^vavTtav 
tou 'AXs^dvBpoo BtsuGuvatv XaSwv qcXXots 6 Esp^Y)?, Bis6y) tyj<; BixXyjc; ys- 
<pupa<; dx£px6|JL£vo<; xaTa tyjs 'EXXdBog. 'Exsi 6 'AXe^avBpoq xpoxs^aq 
^£Ta {xlpou<; toO CTpaTou tov IIap[jL£v(o)va, ocutos B' uxep6a<; ziq tyjv dxivavxt 
twv T pGK'xwv rcapaXcwv 'EXaio GvTa, xaxa tov X£yo^£vov Xc^iiva twv ' Axatwv, 
xpocr£<pEps Guafav ei<; tov tcz^ov to5 npwT£atXdou (oaTt? xptoTo<; twv *EX- 
Xyjvwv y.aTa t6v xoXejjlov ty)<; Tp(pdBo<; dxaTY]a£V et<; tyjv 'Aafav %<x\ xptoTo? 
£0avaTO)6Y]), suxo^svoq vdEtvat suTux£ffT£pa tyj<; ^x£tvou i) dxo6(6aat<; auxou. 

TBta X £t P^ o 'AXs^avBpo*; YjXauvs tyjv vauapx^Ba, ^iq (j.£T£/.6pu^£V au- 
t6v 1% twv XG)p(ov tou, a<; ouBexots I^jleXXs va ^xavcBif) xXiov, cxouBdq Be 
xpoGuyiox; dT£^£a£V ^v [L&aq> tyj<; Biwpuyo<; Bta %gucrjq ^tdXYj?, xal Taupov 
xpotj£(p£ps 6uacav £ic; tov 6eov tyj? GaXdaaYjq, tov IIoa£tB6)va y.al Td<; Nyjpy]- 
iBa?* ots B' £<pGa(jav £?<; tyjv 'AataTcxYjv xapaXtav ixcjYjtxa)? xaxiaxsv 
auTYjv 6 'AXI^avBpoq ^xyjywv t6 Bopu £?<; tyjv frqpdv, %(xl xpa>TO<; dvaxYjBYj- 
aa^ £% tou xXotou £t(; tyjv yyjv ty)<; TptpdBoc;, xXyjpyjc; %<xgaq %<xl dyaXkii- 
a£wq, dvfjy£ip£V dvTcp a^a ^co^jlou? dxo6aTYjp(ou Ato<; xal 'AGyjvoc^ zal 'Hpa- 
xXeouc; xal Bta^opoui; friXeoz Guata<;. MyjBevoi; Be axlvavTt auTou xapt- 
aTa^^vou £%^9ou t dye\$ t6 QTpaT6x£Bov, IvGa y.aT£Xua£V 6 CTpaT^c; xpoe6yj 
auTO? ^ETa^wv tyjv Ge<tiv ty^? x£pt(fYj^ou TauTYj<; xoXews, EvGa cuvsSYjaav 
Ta iv Tfj 'iXtdBt ux6 tou 'O^Yjpou ^u^voupiEva* elvat Be y^ Tp(pd?, y) xal 
aXXox; "iXtov zaXou^xlvYj, xegaoyqaoq, ^(xxEptxXEto^lvYj 6x6 tyj? GaXdatJYjc; 
%<x\ twv 6^G)(xdT0)V TYjq "iB^g, opouq, EvGa 6 IIdpt<; iXsysTO oti iBfxaaE Tdc; 
TpsT^ p.EYaXa<; Gsdc;, ijleXXwv va dxocpotvG^ xoca i% auTwv d)? cbpaipTlpa cj9£cX£ 




KEOAAH TOY METAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

(II; dv8pi<fcvt;o<; ev T(j> 'ApxaioXoycxcp Moucefcp Ka>vaxavxivoux6Xeax;). 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 41 

vd \dbr\ to jjlyjXov tyj<; ipt8o<;. Aiv dxISiq 8' £x£t 6 'AXI^avBpoq e^ dxX-r)<; 
-spcspyscac; xtvou[i£vo<;, dXV ixtSupiwv vol: Ttu/rjafl 6pY)ax,euTtxw<; ty)v pivY)(nqv 
twv s\st iceaovTwv y) paxov, uxo xpoXY)XTtx,ij<; xaT£x6u*£Vo<; ?8la<; oti Y) exaTpa- 
Tsta YJSsXev £xtTux£t av xpo<j£<p£p£ Tdc; dvY]*ouaa<; Tt^ds st<; t^v dpsTY^v twv 
xpoxaTo^wv TOU. 

MstA tcojou 8' ev0ouc7tac7(JLou ot x£pfc t6v 'AX£?av8pov s'xdTOuv vuv 
t^jv 6x6 twv 6piY]pix6)V xoTauiov, tou StptosvToc; x.at tou 2y.au,dv8 po U, %OL10L- 
6p£Xou-£VYjv X£8td8a I *0 %&go<z ev0a ux£t(0£to oti ^to Qiaiq ttj<; dpxata? 
xoXews tou Ilpta^ou, E<p£(X/.uc7£V e?6x<i>s T-fjv xpoaox^v icavTWV xal taxavTO 
0auu*d^ovT£q t6v jtau-dv ov ol dXcyot tots xipt£ zaToixot IBdxvuov XlyovT£c; 
oti sx£t 6 uloc; tou 'A%iXkiu>$ N£Oxt6X£u.o<; £0avdTG)as tov YspovTa @aatX£<x 
ttj<; TpcodSoq. AutoO 8' 6 'AXi?av8po? dvY)pTYja£V e?<; tov vaov tyj<; 'IXt- 
d8o<; 'A0Y)vd<; ty)v ?8(av tou xavoxXcav, dvTt tocuttqs xapaXa6<bv Ttva twv 
ix£las K£ipi£VG)V oxXwv, Biaao)^6pi£va dxo tou Tpwixou xoXipiou, zal TauTa 
ot OxaaxtaTat tou X£y£Tat OTt £^£pov xpo auToO dy.oXou0G)<; e?<; Td^ (xdxa?' 
dXV y) jJL£yaX£tT£pa xpoaoxY) *at to alSaq tou 'AXe!jdv8pou Ixsaev dq 
awpoix; Tcvac; y.£t[X£vouq xaTa to 2(y£tov dy.p(DTY]ptov, olkiveq %al sxtote 
£0£G)pouvTO <b<; Td<pot tou 'AxcXXegx; zat IlaTpoxXou, y.a! YU[xvtxou<; xpoq 
ti^yjv auxwv auvlaTY]C7£V dywvac;. "E>w£Y£ 8' oti £u.axdpt^s t6v 'AxilXia 

OTt ^d)V (JL£V SUp£ TOtOUTOV XtdTOV CptXoV TOV HaTpOT-XoV, dxO0<XVG)V 8* TQ^t- 

W0TQ toioutov d^toXoyov xoiy]ty)v, Xa^xpwt; ^u^vTjcravTa Ta<; dv8paya0ta^ 
auToO. 

'Ev<p 81 x£pi£<JTp£<p£To 6 'AXI^avBpoq xapaTY]pwv tyjv •juoXtv, ^p(5TY]a£ 
Tt<; ocuxov dv bi\xi vd Y Btq T^vXupavrouJAX£^dv8pou IIdpt8o<;. — « v Oxt tt?;v 
Toij IldptBoq, dvlxpa^£V 6 'AXe^avSpoq, dXXd ttqv Xupav tou 'AxtXXlox;, 
8i' ^<; tecvos dvuu.v£t taq xpd^£t^ %<xl Ta<; dv8paya0ta<; twv yswaCwv *H- 
pa>G)v)>. 'EvTauOa 6 'Apptav6<; dva^£p£t eOt^xov ti ^v ^ydXy) tots %pi)<jei, 
Xlywv OTt £V(p dvY]pX£TO £c<; t6 "IXtov, M£vo(tio<; 6 %uhzgvy]xriq XQUVQ <JT£- 
(pdvcp £aT£9dvwa£V auxov, ou^ofwc; 8s xal 6 i% Styscou eXGwv XdpYjq 6 'A0tj- 
valoq, 7,at Ttv£c; dXXot, ot ii£V w EXXir]V£q, ot 8' ixtx^ptot T(p xpoa£cp£pav aT£- 
q)avov. Aly£Tat 8' oti %al outoc; yiv £aT£(pdvG)(JS tov Tdcpov toO 'AxtX^ECix;, 
6 8' 'H^ataxfwv tov tou IlaTpoxXou. 

'ExtaTpl^ac; 6 'AXI^avBpo.; stqT^jv Tp(j)d8a 7,aTdgop£toavaToXtxY)v 8t- 
euGuvatv, 8tY)X0s tyjv xapaXfav tou *EXXy](tx6vtou, 8ta6atvo>v 8td twv xo- 
Xswv Il£px.wTY]<; %<xl Aau.^dx.ou. 'E^c xpwTY]<; 8' d<p£TY)pfa<; ^ *EXXY]vt/.7] 
x6Xt<; Adu.^a/,0^ s*x£axdaaxo ty)V 6pyT]V tou ^aatXiwc;, octtk; 7,al pe6a{w? ij- 
0£^£V ^xt6dX£t eiq auTTjv t^jv ^olpav twv ©Y]6d)v, dXXd xaTd 7,aM)v tuxtqv 
•^ ixtTY]8£ioTY]c; sv6<; twv xoXtxwv ocuttjc;, tou (ptXoao^ou 'Ava^t^Jtivouq, £k 
9av£pou xtvBuvou saoxrs tt?jv xoXtv. 

'O 'Ava^tu.EVY]^ outo<; dx-v dXXoT£ cx^ ei< 5 ^ £T ^ Tof J $iMxxou, xt0av6v 
8' £8o)js xal y.a0Y)u.aTa pY]Topty.fj(; y.al s!<; t6v u!6v tou t6v 'AXI^avBpov. 
01 fcdTotxot ty)<; Aau.^dy.ou gtatot, a60d8£tc; /.al 66ptaTat, E^Yjvuaav st? t6v 



42 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

'AXe£avBpov oti Bev xapaBe^ovTat auTov eVto? tyj? xoXew? twv jieTaxstpt- 
^6y,£voi auYXPQ V0) ? c^Tupeiuetq /.at dax^ova? "koyouq, y.<x\ XeyovTec; otc gsvt' 
ocutou xpouTiyiwv tou? Ilepffas/'EijaXXoc; l£ 6pYfj?iYeveTO 6 'AXe^avBpo? 
xai TjTo^d^sTO yjBtq vd KaTaaTpe^iQ tyjv Adyn];axov, y,aOwv B* otc 6 BtBdaza- 
X6? tou 'Ava^evYj? xpocifjpxsTO exl y^aXri? Ixicyju.ou xpec6e(a?, axeuBwv 
vd xapaxaXeaYj <xut6v vd yt**^ lustpd^-jQ tyjv xaTptBa tou, w^oaev opxov (ppwuov 
ei? tou? 6eou? twv 'EXXyjvwv, xpiv Iti 'i'Byj tov <pcX6<rocpov vd jay) xapaBexSfj 
ttjv a'tTTjffiv ocutou xai vd xpd^if) xdv t& Ivavdov auTij?. «'HX0ov, Xeysi 
xapouacaaGel? 6 'Ava^eVrj? s!<; tov 'AXe^avBpov, vd ae xapaxaXeaw, ga- 
atXeu, vd e$avBpaxovB(cjY)? Td? Yuvaixa? twv Aapnj;ax,Yjvwv, vd xaTeSa^qjq 
ttjv tcoXiv twv oXyjv, y.al vd yauqrj? tou? vgcou?twv Gewv». Ef? to daTslov 
touto BtXYju^a (i/rjBev euptaywv vd dvTtTefvjj 6 'A^e^avBpo?, &[l<x. Be xal ix 
<piXav6pwx(a? euapecjTouu.evo? ei? tov Tpoxov ov [xeTexeipteGYj o <ptX6<jocpo? 
xpo? awTYjpiav ttj? xaTpiBo? tou, xapeax £V fiasco)? Guyyvw^v ec? tou? 
Aau^ayjjvou?' x.al outw? iawGYj y) xo)a? iiixpt T7 K o~Yj(jiepov BcaTYjpouaa 
ttjv dpxatav auTfj? Geatv y,al to ovo^a. 

ridsa tj Buvapu? tou 'AXe^dvBpou eaTpocTOxeBeuev tjBtj ec? to xeBiov ttj? 
'Ap(o~6Tj? (xoXew? xapd tov SeXYjcvTa xoTa[iov), oGev yal efieXXe vd xpo6fj 
e!<; Td evBoT£pa_ ttj? 'Ada?. Kocitoi Be tojoutov (j.ixpd e^wv piiaa xpo? 
eVreXeaiv toioutou ^eyaXexr^oXou cxoxou, Xajixpa? eaTTjpt^e Td? £Xx(Ba? 
ei? ttjv (Btav tou xaXrjv tuxtjv xal e?<; ttjv dBuvauJav y.a! xapaxpiTjv e?? tjv 
eupiaxeTO to Ilepcjiy.ov y.paTO?. BaaiXeu? ttj? Ilepaia? *rJTO tots 6 Aapeco? 
6 KoBou^avo?, w? xpodpYjTat. MaGwv B' o5to<; oti 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ixifjp- 
X£to xaTd twv x w P wv T0U > ^ v T fl uxspoptw dXcz^ovefoc auToD {AsydXYjv IBet^e 
xepuppovYjcjiv eiq Touq MaxeB6va<; y,al acpoBpdv exspi^e BtaTayrjv ec? tou<; 
aaTpdxaq twv xoXswv ((vd auXXd6wat tov auSaBr) vsavtav xal dcpou tov fia- 
aTiywawaiv evts^wc;, vd tov xl^^watv ^wvtoc zlq auTov, tou? Be GTpaTtwTa? 
a^TOu vd Bea^euawatv axavTa? y.al vd tou? xe^watv e?? Td dxwTepa [lepYj 
tou xpaTou?)). 

'0 'AXe^avBpo? p.a6wv xapd twv xpoxopeuo^evwv xpoay,6xwvr) xpo- 
Bp6^wv x ('A^jluvtou tou AuyxiffTou, tou SwypaTOu? %<xl twv xepl auTOu?) 
oTt at riepaixai Auvdu-et? auveawpeuGirjcjav 6xta0ev tou (*aTd tyjv 4>puycav) 
rpavtxou xotczu.ou y.al twv dvaToXixwv u^wjxdTwv tyj? "IByj?, ex^XOe xp6? 
ava^fjTYjaiv auTwv. 06 ^rApd? B* ot y,aT« Td ^epY) TtzuTa aaTpdxat exayiav 
xpoxapaaxeud?, y»al ^eyav auvYjSpotaav aTpaTov, £1; exaTOv TpcdxovTa %Cki- 
dBwv cuYXsCyievov. Sxt0pcBaTY]?, 6 aocTpdxY)? ty^? AuBfa? %<x\ ^wvia?, 
'ApatTYj?, 6 ty)? 4>pu7ta? %(x\ twv y.aTd tov *EXXy)(Jxovtov ^wpwv BtotxYj- 
ty)?, xal Mqjtvwv (6 BiaBexBeiq y.at Toy dxoGavovTa dBeXcpov tou MevTopa 
elq tyjv Btofy.Yjatv twv xapaXfwv),i dvYjp ^eydXYj? ixocvotyjto? xort xetpa?, 
Y^jav ot y.uptwTepot dpxYJYol tol>, CTpaToO toutou, tou (jlcXXovto? vd *w- 
Xucjyj t*?jv 6x6 twv MayeBovwv BidSaatv tou. xotoc^jlou. Kal y^to tiev ge- 
6a(w? 6 ctpocto? outo? twv Ilepawv xoXu dvwTepo? twv MaxeBovwv y.aTd t6v 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 43 

dpt0[Aov, aXXa xat xoXu YjXaTTOUTO xaTa tyjv aTpaTtontx^v xet0apxtav xal 
ty)v e^xetpcav. 'Ev xptoToiq 6 Me^vwv ev xoXs^tx6> au^6ouXt(p twv aa* 
Tpaxwv xaTd tyjv ZeXetav ev0a ot Yjaav eaTpaToxeBeu^evoc ol Ilep- 
aat, auveSouXeuaev auToix; vd dxocpuywat tyjv evap^tv tou xoXeyLou, 
ojTtc; y) ^Jitxpdv 6xeaxeTO eXxtBa vtXYjq, yj 6XotsXg)<; \Lh vtxYjv, dXX* dveu 
(j.eYdXYj<; Ttv6<; (IxpeXeta*;. ((Ot MaxeBoveq)), eXeyev 6 MeyLvwv, ((elvat Bit- 
to")<; extxtvBuvot <b<; xoXu taxupoTspot xat xXetoTspov exetvow e^YjaxYjjJievot 
eiq Ta tou xoXepiou, xal <bq xoXejxouvTec; uxo tyjv 8<|nv toO (SactXeox; auT&v. 
Kat dv \xh ot Ilepaat vtxYjadxrtv, dxXouc; ^wtxoq ^ovov 0eXst extxeaet ext tou<; 
MaxeBovac; ckt dxeTuxov xaTd tyjv xpwTYjv auTd>v iqjooov' dXX' ot Ilepaat 
dx' evavTtaq YjTTcVevot, oux^ [lovov 0eXouatv dxoXeaet tyjv x^P^v, yjv xpo- 
xetTat vd <puXd$o)atv, dXXd xat 0eXoustv BtsuxoXuvet t&v e*x0pov vd xpoxw- 
pTja-f] xapatTspw. T6 piovov Be aujjupepov xat xP'O at P LOV £ ^ auTOuq yjto vuv 
vd axotpuywat xdaav optaTtx'fjv xat xptat^xov ^dxYjv. ITp6<; toutok; Be exet- 
B9) 6 'AXe£avBpo<; oXtywv Yjpieptov ^woTpocptac; ecpspev, ot Ilepaat ocpetXouat 
vd uxoxo) pTjawat ^paBewq, xatovTe<; Td ysvvYj^xaTa xal Taq dxo0Yjxa<;, xal 
ipY]^ouvT£<; t9jv oxtaSev auTwv uxoXetxo^ivYjv x^pav, waxe ot MaxeBove? vd 
^ euxptaxwat Tpocpd<; xat xaTaXu(iaTa». Kat xtOavov ^iv vd dx£Tuyx av£V 
6 Tpoxog outoc; dxevavTt tyjc; ^eyaXovotaf; xal tyj<; s^utou e^xstpta<; toO 
'AXs^dvBpou, dvapuptSoXox; o^lox; Yj0sXe xapdaxiQ ou [itxpdq BuaxoXtaq et<; 
oxotovB-rjxoTS dXXov xaTaxTYjTYjv. Ot Ilspffat aTpaTYj-fot £rjXeuovTe<; tou<; 
£evou<;, d^a Be y.at xXtjptq xexo(0Y]crtv elq Tdq otxstaq Buvdjx£t<; exovTeg, e0s- 
wpYjaav xd 6x6 toQ Me^xvovoq xpOTetvo^xeva ox; xdvT]f) dxpexf] xai dvd^ta 
toQ IlepjtxoD ^.eyaXetou, xat dxecpdataav t^By) vd ^ dcpTjaojat tou<; MaxeBovaq 
vd xpoxwpTjaoxjt xapatTepo) tou rpavtxou xoTatiou, xp6 xdvTOJV B' elq tt^v 
ffuvex^v toO Mejivovoq yvw^v dvTeietvsv 6 'ApatTYjg, 6 con p dirt) q ty)<; $pu- 
Ytaq, xaOoaov jidXtaTa xaxd to axeBtov toO w EXXtqvo<; aTpaTY]YoD,> o5to<; 
IxtvBuveue vd dxoXeafl to xdv Btd t^<; xpoT£tvopiviq<; xupxoX^aeox; y.al epY]- 
yLwaeox;. ((OuB' dxX^ y.aXu6r] vd xayj dvexo^at, eXsyev 6 <f>pu$, 6 GTpaT&<; 
tou pajtXewg yvwpt^et vd vix<?». Kat outo> xpoe6-r]aav ot Ilepaat ^expt ^ou 
rpavtxoD xoTa^JLou. • 

*0 xoTa^6<; outo<;, r\ yidXXov 6 pua^, Bsv exet e^atpsTtxirjv Ttva <BtoTY]Ta 
dxlvavTt T^q taToptxfjq ccutoO ixtdYj^OTYjTOc;. 'Ex twv xaTY](p6pd)V ir\q v IBy]<; 
siq tt?)v IlpoxovTtBa xaTepxo^evog xaTd xdaav dXXfjv ^xox^jv elvat darj piavToq 
etyt^ jjlovov xaTd tyjv dvot^tv, xa0' tjv a! BtaXu6|xevat xioveq ^£Ta6dXXou(Jtv 
auTov etq $a0uv xal 6ptiY]Ttxov x^^appov.i v A^a Be ot MaxsBovet; xpoa^X- 
0ov etqTYjv BuTtx^vox0TT]v tou xoTajAou, dxavTwat xat Touq riepuac; xaTd tyjv 
dxevavTt ox0y]V (tyjv dptaTepdv). Kal *rJTO (asv y^ uxo twv ITepawv xaTexo- 
(xevYj ox0Y) xpYjjJLvwBY]<; xat u^YjXoTepa tyj? ^xtcpavstac; tou u'BaToq, oxttc y^ 
Oeatg auTwv y^to dacpaXeaTepa xat xoXXdq xapelx^ tag ojcpsXsfag' dXX' ouBo- 
X(oq ot Ilepaat iTOxo0eTYj0Yjaav &q IBst* e"vo) o>9£tXov vd Oeaoxrt tov xs^ov 
GTpaTOv d^JLeaox; xaTd xpocwxov tou dx0pou, &aTe Btd twv Xoyx^ v Twv V( ^ 



44 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEAN APOY 

xcoXugxii tyjv Bidoacriv twv Ma/,sB6v(i)V, sxstvot dxsvavTtaq tou<; pisv xs^ou<; 
*/,aTSTa£av oxcaGsv, Touq B' tXTueiq IGsaav xaTa ^stwxov, Si* sXa9p<I)V %up(<o<; 
xaGwxXia^vou? dxovTiwv yj BopaTwv. 

*0 'AXs^avBpoc; xaXwq dtp' STspou i^eidaaq to IBacpoq tou xoTayiou, xai 
Bispsuvrjaaq xoGsv fjTo suBcd6aT0<;, BtsTa^s tov cTpaTov d^eawq vd i%i%ei- 
pYjaYj tyjv Bid6aaiv, axoXouGtov aiiTOV. Kal ty)<; yiv dpiffTspaq xTspuyoc; tyjv 
BioiXYjatv d<pYJxsv s(<; tov riap^svcwva, tyjv Be Bs^idv Bts<puXa£s Be' sauTov, 
oV auTYjq jjlsXstwv vd /.d^LY] tyjv xpwTYjv s<poBov. Kal y,aT' dpxd? piev 6 xoXu 
@s6ac(i)? sVxsipoTspo? GTpaTYjyoc; Ilap^svitov Gstopwv otc yjto sxduvBuvo? d- 
xoxsipa y,al t6X|ayj vd BtaSwaiv d^satoqTov xotqc^ov, y.al ypcvuv oti dxpoa- 
Boxyjtov Tt xEpicJTaTtxovYjBuvaTO vd BwaYj dXXoiav [xop^Yjv sl^Toxpdy^ia tyjv 
dxoXouGov Yj^spav taxi dXXox; xox; vd BisuxoXuvyj tyjv Bid6aacv, xpoasXGwv 
auvs6ouXsuas tov 'AXs^avBpov vd dvaSaXoxiiv sVc tou xapovTo? tyjv I90B0V. 
<(*Av £xtX£t?V w ^ £V d^laox; tyjv scpoBov, yiolcpaivsTai oti Gd y,tvBuvs'jacDjJisv 
Bcoti dBuvaTOV slvac vd xspdqrj 6 GTpaToc; tov xotocjiov sx^v y,aTa ^jlItwxov 
Tovs'xGpov. *0 xoTa^oc;, gx; ^Xsxstg, xoXXaxou slvac gaGuq, alB' dxsvavTi 
oxGai u<j;Y)Xal y,al axoxpYj^voi* oc IxxsTg Xocxov twv xoXs^twv s(q xuxvyjv 
xapaTSTay^isvoi <pdXayya, 6d sxcxsatoccv evtw d^a xaTa twv BtaSaivovTwv 
GTpaTtwTwv xal sv dxapst 6d xaTaGpauaoxrcv aikouc; .... 'AxsvavTtaq Be 
tyjv xpanav xplv o\ Ilspaat xapaTaxGwai xapd tyjv oxGyjv , op^wacv oi Ma- 
y,sB6vs<; xal Bispx 0VTat tov xoTajxov)). Kal TauTa [Lev 6 GTpaTYjyoc;, dXX' 6 

'AXs^avBpO? KptVtoV OTI XpOTl^JlOTSpOV YJTO vd T-dpitOatV TY)V XptoTYJV SVTUXtoClV 

£cg tov sxGpov oV afyviBiou op^rrjc;, Bsv yjGsXyjss vd xsptpistvY) tyjv sxaupiov. 
((KaXol elvat ol Xoyoi aou, 6 Ilap^svitov, slxsv, dXX* a{<j%uvo\x(xi tov *EX- 
Xyjjxovtov, tov oxoTov Bis6yjv ToaouTov suxoXgx;, dv <pavw oti BeiXtw to dOXtov 
touto pudxtov, y.al outs tyjc; Bo^yj? twv Ma^sBovtov TBtov Oswpw to toioutov, 
outs ffu^wvei jjls tyjv iBixyjv jjlo u 6?UTYjTa. Kal auTol B' o\ rtspdac 6d ^d<; 
xXsudawaiv oti Bsv s?^.s6a a$tot vd dvTtxapaTaxQw^sv xpo? auTouq)). 

Kal sv to) djxa txxsuaat; 6 'AXe^avBpoq foe, ^avcwBYj? xal xapdtpopot; 
cop^jLYjasv evTog tou 6p^YjTty,ou xoTa^ou, oByjywv tyjv Bs^tdv tou txxty,ou 
xTspuya, sx. BsxaTpttov ?Xwv auyy.£t[xsvYjv, y.al d/.oXou0ct>v tou<; xpoaxoxouq. 
Kal /.aT' dpxdq [lbv o\ MaxsB6vs<; Bts6acvov dTapdxwq tov xoTa(x6v sv tw 
yjxv twv aaXxiyyoiV, Gpta^6suTty,ou(; dBovTs<; waiavaq, (bq vtXYjTal By^Gsv' 
dW ots sxXYjafa^ov st? tyjv dxsvavTt oxGyjv , fpoxTj dxovTtwv xfxTouaa xapd 
twv IxeTae taTa[xsvo)V txxswv, elq yiSYcaTYjv TapaxYjv y,al auyx^v evsSaXs 
tou<; Maz-sBovaq, oYtivs? xal Y^vaYT-daGYjaav vd oxtaGoxwpYjawatv sv ^spsi, 
xpay^aTOXotouvTSt; outw touc; 9660UC; tou ITap^svcwvoc;, dXk' 6 'AXs^av- 
Bpoq §ia tyj<; xpoawxr/Yji; auTou YsvvatoTYjToq, 7,aG' yjv dxs^c^YjGYjcrav auTov 
y.al ol awy.aToqjuXa/.sc;, dXXofav ^optp-rjv xapeaxsv scq Td xpdy^aTa* i%\ 
t£Xou<; ol Ma/.sB6vs^ xaTwpGwaav vd xpoasXGwaiv sec; Tac; dxsvavTt oxGaq, 
(jLSTa (isytaTYj^ oyLW? BuaxoXta?, y.aGoTt, sxsiByj auTat Y^aav Oypal xal oXtaGYj- 
pal Bid t6v lie' <*6twv xyjXov, ^jvayy-d^ovTO 01 (jTpaTtwTat vd ^.dxwvTat auy- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 45 

Xpovcoq, dxoBt(oxovT£<; touc; y.az' auiwv sxtxtxTOVTaq, a>v s^iqtouv vd xaG£- 
Saxit Taq Gsascc;. *H op^Y) £§ a^OTspwv twv {Jispwv tjto dxpaTTqTog xat yj 
au^ixXorr) Tpo^spwuaTTQ. *Ixx£i>£. Ma%s8(bv &<; exl t& tcoXu xpo<; txxea 
nipuYjv IxxToqxTtxwt; cu^xXsKo^isvot; Btd tou BopaTog, xat TOTSxpoawxov 
xa! Ta ctyjGtq tou dvTtxdXou xTajaawv, £?£T£tv£V aikov V£xpov /.aTa yYJg. jji- 
Xpt<; oupavwv 8* gcvt7)px£to 6 xpoTos twv auyxpouo^lvuv BopdT<ov &at daxt- 
Bwv, dva^tyvu^i£vo<; ^£T« ty)<; dy(DvtG>aY)<; xpauyrjc; twv yiaxo^Jiivwv' ?Bta B' 
6 'AXI^avBpog, ox; Xiwv E^yptw^ivot; ^£Ta§u dyi^Yjq Tauptov piuxtopiivtov, 
xaTa TYjv sxcppaatv faxopixoO, Be^toGev xat dptaT£p60£v GTplcpwv to Bopu, xav- 
TaxoO t6v 6X£0pov %<xi tov Gdvaxov £XYjyay£V, dcp' £Tspou o^gx; xal outo<; 
x£piaTOtxou^£vo<; 0x6 XayncpoO &rciTeXe(ou, xat 7,aTa T£ ty)v ^£UxoTY)Ta xal 
to [liye^oq twv xT£pcov T-^g izepiy.eya'ktxiac, Bca7,ptv6[i£vo<; dxo twv dXXwv, £v 
Taux(i) Bs xat x^P lv T0U " ux0 ^avTcov xp6<; auTov xap£Xo^ivou <j£6aau,ou, dq 
^lytaTov x£pt£aTY) xtvBuvov, xavTax60£V xpoa6aXX6^£vo<; uxo twv ixtaYj^o- 
T£pwv dpx*)ywv tou aTpaTou. Kat GpauaGlvToq \xh Bugtuxw? tou Bopa- 
to<; tou d^YjTiQas to tou 'Ap£Tou, dvaSoXlax; tcov gaatXcxwv, £cxovto<; B' 
ixefvou otito IBixovtou i0paua07], £tq yi£ydXY)v dywvtav x£prrjXGs (jiax6^£Vo<; 
oxax; TfjBuvaio Bta tou ?f<pou<;. AY)^dpaTO<; 6 KopcvGtoq, i%\ tiXouq elq t^v 
u.dxY)V * at outoc; xap£uptax6^£Vo<;, xpoa£<p£p£V dq tov 'AXI^avBpov t6 ?Bt- 
xov tou Bopu. — ((Kaldq l^zO), elxsv 6 'AXd^avBpog, /.at Xa6wv to 86pu, 
top^as ttaTa twv EUpawv. 

Kat xpwTov yiv xXrj^ac; tov xaT* auTou iTuepx^evov MtOptBaTYjv, tov 
ya[x6pov toO Aapdou, vexp6v ocutov %aT« y^t; e^£T£iv£v* 6 PotadxiQ<; xai 6 
2xt0ptBdTY]<; wpyiTQaav d^oXouGox; ^x, au^wvou xaT« tou 'A>.£^dvBpou xac 
6 jjl£V PotadxY]<; a9oBpov ^xayaywv XTUxY]txa xaTd tyjv XEfpaX-rjv tou ^aatXi- 
g)c;, ecpGaas ii£Xpt ty)<; t,6^(; auTou %u\ y.i$oq auT^q xal tyj<; x£pt/.£9aXaca<; 
dx£/.o^£V, dXXd xal outo<; tyjv auTYjv uxejty] y.oIpav, oYav xai 6 MtGptBd- 
ttjs y.aTd t6 aTfjGo<; xXY]y£((; , auyxpovwg Bs 7,ac 6 SxcGptBdiY]? 6xta0£v 
xpoa£pxo^£Vo<; rfizkz @e6a{(oq iiutcpspst xatptav xXiqyifjv xaTd tou , AX£?dv- 
Bpou. 

Kocitoi Bs Btacp6pouc; a^uxd? (plpwv 6 'A7v£?avBpo<;, etc (JidXXov dxd- 
Gextoc; xaGtaTaTo, <b<; ^Latv6^£vo<; ^op^wv* y,at aXXot B' txx£l<; , ev TauTw 
Ik %al x£^o(, i^axoXouGouvTSS v« xpoalpxwvTat £% tou dxivavTt cTpaTO- 
xlBou veal y.£Ta twv ^axoyilvwv Td^£wv tou 'A>,£^dvBpou dva^iiyvu^£vot, 
zlq ti£ydXY)V d^xavfav I(p£pov Toug oux tJttov y£vvatou<; ^jlIv, dXka xai [leta 
jjL£ydXY)<; dx£tp(a<; xoX£[xouvTac; Illpaaq. Kal xX£laTOt pi£v twv FUpawv 
dpx"0ywv ixeaov YjpwixwTaTTQV B£t7,vuovT£<; dvTiaTaatv* at Ta?£t<; £xIt^Xou<; 
Bt£axopxtaGTQaav, yj jxta yi£Ta tyjv aXXiqv, awpiaTa v£xpwv cuv£a(i)p£u6Yjaav 
i%' dXXrjXwv, y£vt/,-?3 cuyxuatq B^BIxGyj toc xaxwc; T£Tay[xiva aTpaT£U|iaTa, 
T] xaTaTougTIIpaa*; oxGy] tou xoTa^ou ^aG^LY]B6vY3pxta£ vd dpatwvYjTat, xala- 
xavTS? Iv ylv£t lTpdxY]aav e?<; cpuyYjv, ^jlovov B* ot xapd toTc; IHpaatc; jxtaGo- 
popot w EX"Xy]V£<; toxoG£ttqGIvt£(; Ixt tivo<; Xocpou avGcaxavTo yswacdx;' xal 



46 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

outoi opiGx; dxauBrjaavTe? e^Yjirjaav xapd tou 'AXe^dvBpou ^yyuifjaet? x£- 
axeox;, xpoxetvovTe? vd xapaBo0watv, dXV e'xetvo? jASTa a<po8pd? y-dXXov 
opyrj? t) axe^eox;, ax; jjiatv6[Aevo<;, xaTa to auvTj0e<; auiq), e'cpopu-yjaa?, a^a 
Be xat axav to txxtxov d0poov Btaxd^a? vd e'xtxeafl xax' auTwv, tou? x^et- 
<jtou? yiev auTwv dxexo^av ew? Stcx^ tot &' atx^aXomaOevxe? £xepup0Tjaav 
dxoXou0G)? et? MaxeBovtav, xaTaBtxaa0eVre? vd ipyd^wvxat e(? Ta jA£TaX- 
XeTa, BtoTt v EX)a)ve? ovTe?, xapaTa xotvw? 86£avTa Tot? "EXXYjatv, e'vavTtov 
ttj? *EXXd8o? uxep twv ^apSdpwv i^dxovTO. 

Ot' aTpaxiwTat tou 'AXe^dvBpou dxeB60Yjcav d\Lia^q e(? to Xacpupayw- 
yeTv* dXV 6 'AXe^avBpo? 6? otxetav xX£ov Getopwv ttjv xcopav, SteTacjev 
auTOu? vd dxexwct tou toioutou. KaTa ttjv yidxTjv Taurrjv tou rpavtxou 
XeyeTat 0Tt exeaov efooatxevTe jxev £y. twv ixtcrrj^oTeptov txxewv Maxe86vG>v, 
autix^axevTe? txsTd dvBpettov xat dxTj^xtapievwv Ilspawv, twv 8' dXXwv Ix- 
xeo)v ew? e^TjxovTa xat xe^ol eto? TptdxovTa £0avaTG)0Tjaav. 'Ev TauT<p B' 
exeae xal 6 nuxo? tou 'AXe^dvBpou (oiXkoq tou BouxecpdXou), xXTjyet? Btd 
£(<pou?. Meya^oxpexw? 8* yjBtj 6 'AXe^avBpo? e\aaxo)aj0et? vd XTjBeuaTj 
tou? xeaovxa? el? ttjv pidxTjv, 8teTa?*e xeptx^eov vd xaTaaxeuaa0G)<Jt %d"k- 
xtvat etxove? Btd xetpo? tou Auatxxou xat vd CTaXwatv et? to Alov ttj? Ma- 
xeBovta?, auXXuxTjTTjpta Bexat Std^opaxpovojjita xat x a pta[J<aTadxeaTd)orjaav 
ei? tou? yovel? xat Ta Texva twv xeaovTwv et? ttjv [l&xqv' xoXXtjv Be xpo- 
voiav %<x\ <ppovTt8a eXa6ev 6 'AXe^avBpo? 'xat Btd tou? TeTpau^aTta^evou?, 
6 't'Bto? xpoaepxo^evo? x.al ixiaoceTUToyLSVO? xal e^eTa^wv Ta? x)oqyd? t<dv, 
xat Btacpopou? xdu,v<i>v et? aikou? iptorfjaet? xat U-evdaeiq, %gbq toutok; Bl 
•/.at 6spaxeuTixd<; Btaxaydq, outw? £txav, xapl^wv eiq afcouq. 

ITapd Be twv Ilspatov 6 IlXouTapxoc; Xsyst oti exsaov eox; et7.oaaywtffx(- 
Xtot \xkv xe^ot, ew? Btax^ 10 ^ 8* l%%€iq t ej (5v oxtw i^aav dpxYjyot* xat ou- 
Tot B' £xtaY}u,io<; Bteia^ev 6 'AXe^avBpoq vd ^VTa^taaSwatjXpoq TOUTot? Be 
BteTaHe vd Tatpwat xat oaoi twv pLtaGocpopwv *EXXyjvwv eTeXeuTYjaav auvex- 
CTpaTeuaavref; ^.eTa tg>v xoXe^Ltwv, ixx^Tjpwv outw auvrjOeg xap' auTotg 
0pr ; axeuTtx6v e0tu.ov, tou<; Be atx^a^wTtaGevTac; twv *EXXy}V(ov exe^^ev, &q 
e'tBopiev, dq MaxeBovtav, ^.ovov Be tou? ©rfiaiouq dxeXuaev etxwv : «*Y- 
{keiq, w TaXatxcopot, dxeX6eTe, oxou ^ouXeaOe, BtOTt ouBeu.ta elq U[xd<; uxe- 
XetcpOrj xaTptq x^eov)). Oe^tov Bl xpo?, TOUTOt? 6 'AXe^avBpo? vd auvot- 
xetwaYj B^0ev xat tou? Xotxou? ^EXXryVa? yieTd tg>v dvBpaya0r ; (rdvTa)v, exeu.- 
^e Tptaxoata? xavoxXta? Ilepatxd?, (b? d(ptepwu.aTa et? tov ^v 'A0Yjvat? vaov 
T-rj? IlaXXdBo? jieTa ttj? ixtypacpYJ?. (('AXe^avBpo? 4>tXtxxou xal ol V E\- 
\r\yeq, xXrjv twv AaxeBattxovtwv, Tpoxata dx6 twv iv 'Aata xaTotxouvTwv 
^ap6dpd)v». Kal i0e(i)pT]0T) (lev touto w? CTtyu^a y,aTa twv AaxeBatpiovttov, 
dXXd xat 06 {xtxpdv et? auxou? Tt^rrjv xap^ax £V » ^>? Sety^a ^eyaXo^poauvr}? 
0ewpou^ievov. IlXetaTa Be ^puad xa? dpyupa dyyeta, xop^upot Ta- 
xr;Te?, cxeuY) xal axoXat, x.a? Btdcpopa avxtxet^eva xoXuTe^eta? ^ffTa- 
Xtjaav et? ttjv y-r^epa tou 'OXupLxtdBa. <J>povwv ^6 'AXe^avBpo? 2ti 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 47 

^ouBsv [irixpoq tjBcov tsx.voi<;», xdvTOTs Tjydxa xai eTiyia ttjv [XTjTEpa tou, 
x.al tjBtj £v Tfj ^sydXT) auTou Bo^tj s;ptXoTi[JiTj0Tj vd xsu^T) elq aiiTTjv t« ^i£- 
yaXoxpsxeaTspa tg>v Xatpupwv tou. Kai to d/.6Xou0ov Bs Beixvust tyjv zaxa 
-ouTosuYSVTjauTou ^ux^v* ^H^tjttjptou 'AXs^dvBpou'rjToBuaTpoxoc; zaiTpa- 
Xs?a* *a? t( touto si<; t6v vsov yj^jlwv Tjpwa; Atav Be Bo?ou,avrj<; oucra tj 
Yuvt?j auTTj, tj0sXs vd avayLtyvuTQTai sec; tos xoXtTixd, xal TuoXXdxiq scpspsv dq 
a^r ; xav(av tov dvTi5aaiXsa 'AvdxaTpov, o<jti<; y.al TjvaY*d^sTO va xdu,VTj 
xapdxova sc<; tov 'AXe^avBpov xaxd ttj<; ^TjTpoq ocutou, sig xoXXd auTTjv 
u,su,<p6u.£voc;. 'Evwxtov twv <p(Xwv tou dva^vobq (juav twv sxutoXwv tou 
'AvTixdxpou 6 'AXi^avBpoq* «'AvTixaTp£, 'AvxtxaxpE, dvESoirjas' Bev 
Yvo)p(^£t<; oti ev Bdxpuov Tfjq piT]Tp6<; [Jtou s£a\s(<p£i ^upcaq ToiauTaq sxkjto- 
Xd<; lliY.dq aou !)) 

*H x£pl tov Md'i'ov xtGavd)? u/fjva y^vou-Ivtj Kaxd tov Tpavtxov £idxTj d- 
xeaxaas TT)vMtx.pdv 'Aafav dxo ttjc; y»upcapxta<; tou AapEiou, xoXXal B' 
'EXXTjvixal xoXsiq 6-jcoxe^evat siq iobq Ilipaac;, sBpd^avTO if}q 6uxatp(a<; 
du-eaox; va dxoaxauOwatv dxo tg>v Ilcpawv, auvsvouu^svat yi£Td tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou' 01 B* auTox6ov£<; ftdToixot twv \xzgdv touxwv xpo06u,G)<; dveyvcopi^ov 
tov vixtjttjv, uxoxaaaou-Evot du.£aG)<; sc<; auTov, 7,a66aov xap' auToc<; t) v(xtj 
ixE^Y^TO ax; avwOsv BsBouivov auvGr^a. - Elq to eHfjq Xotxov 6 'AXe^av- 
Bpo<; Bid jiiy.pwv e^aipsaswv y.a0' dxaaav ttjv x^pav s<pa(vsTO tiixP 1 tgjv Xe- 
Yoytlvwv xuXwv ttj<; 2up(a<; xpoaspx6u*svo<; <b<; vit,tjttj<; xat Tpoxaiouxoq, 
elq ov to xdv fayeiXz vd t.X(vt) t6 yovu. 

'ExavaXau.&dv<ov Be ttjv Bia t^<; Tpa)dBo<; xop£cav tou 6 'AXI^av- 
Bpog, ^Y3/,oXou6£t xpo<; votov xpo6a(vo)v, Six tou 'ABpa^uTT£tou, tt)<; risp- 
Ydu-ou xal twv ©uaTEtpwv, eiq taq SdpB£i<;, 6 Bs GTpaTOc; ^aTpaTOX£B£ua£ 
x£pl tov xoTayiov "Epu^ov, 6Xfyov dxex^v ifjq xoXegx;. 'Auicdx; a? xXeIBe? 
twv 2dpB£(ov (ty)<; xoXew?) 7,al tou <ppouptou, ox£p 6xupoTaTov xaTa ttjv 
Mtxpdv 'Aaiav i0£G)p£CTO, du.ax"rjTi xap£B66r y aav uxo tou caTpdxou McGpc- 
vou si<; t&v 'AXI?av8pov. 'Ext tou eppoupcou Bs toutou I'xeivto ocXXots Ta 
dvdfcTOpa tou x£pt6oY)TOU Qaat.'kioiq ifiq AuBia^ Kpocaou, evGa xapaaTaq 
SoXwv, 6 x£ptwvupio<; vou.o0£ttjc; twv 'AOTjvafcov, co^wc; auTov dx£Tfu-r y as Ita. 

TT)V UX£p6ptOV dXa^COVEiaV YjV £B£tXVU£, VOU.(^tOV OTl TJTO £UTUX£GT£poq xdvTtov, 

BtoTt ^to xXouatwTaToq, Ixi^iyttvicpos ocutov : ((MrjBlva xpo tou liXouq 
u.axdpi^£». *0 Kupo<; oux "tJttov, jJt£Ya<; BopuxTYjTcop, vixTfjaa? tov Kpotaov, 
auu-x£pt£Xa6s y.al ttjv AuBtav dq ttjv jjLEydXiQV y»upcapxtav twv IlEpawv. 
E(<; ttjv 'AxpoxoTav Bs vuv twv SdpBscov dva6d<; 6 'AXs^avBpoq xposTsivs 
vd dveydpT) £%* auTTJq vaov xpo<; tiu-tjv toij 'OXupixcou Ai6q, auvotxetoujxs- 
voq Bs xal tov Xaov Btsy.Tjpu^s ttjv axoxaTaaTaaiv twv dpxaiwv vojjlwv eiq 
ttjv x^? av ^ a ^ T *) v vtaTdpYTjaiv twv dvay^a^^^v ^sTpcov ariva ot IIspGat 
dxe&aXXov eiq auTTjv. 

"Axaaat at xoXstq ttjj; AuB(aq, <J>puy{a(; ts 7catBt0uv(aq, xapsBoGirjaav 
eiq tov 'AXI^avBpov, <jaTpdxr ; v Bs (tjtoi exapxov) £%l ttj<; AuBcaq y.<xl ttj? 



48 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

dXXYjc; dpXYJc; tou 2xt0ptBaTou yaxscrTYjasv 6 'AXs^avBpoc; "AaaavBpov, t6v 
dBsXcpovTou Ilap^svtwvoc;, xapaBouq auTa> oaouc; svsyptvsv dvayyatouc; £x£ 
TOUTtp xst^ouc; yat txxsT<; , yaTsXtxs Bs yat tyj<; jjlsv dypoxoXswc; sxijjls/Xyjtyjv 
tov Ilauaavfav, twv 6s <poptov staxpdxTopa tov Ntxtav. 

"HByj ot MaysBovsc; BtsXOovTsc; tov TytwXov (opoq), yaTs6Yjsav etc; tyjv 
xsBtdBa tou yaTa tyjv 'Iwvtav Kauaxpou (xoTajjiou), s6BotnqyovTa yuXta Bta- 
vuaavTsc; svtoc; Tsaadpwv Yj^spwv. At sxtaYj^oxspat Be vuv *EX)ajviyal xo- 
Xstc; tyjc; 'Icovcac; dvat^onl xapsB60Yjaav etc; tov 'AXs^avBpov, yat xpwTYj yj 
"Ecpsaoc; xapsaxs to xapdBsty^a. K Qq B' at 6x6 tov ^uyov twv Ilspawv 
BtaTeXouaat aXkai *EXXYjvtyat xoXstc;, outco yat ot yaTotyot tyj<; 'Ecpsaou Yjaav 
xaxcz tyjv sxoxyjv tocuttqv Btyj pYj^iivoi e!<; Buo evavda xo^aTa, to 6Xtyapxt- 
yov y.at to BYj^oypaTtyov. 'EyaTspov twv yo^aTtov toutgjv \xzia \Lzyd\riq 
dvTtxaSsfaq scpspsTO xpo<; to sTspov %al yaT' dpx&q \kkv t6 dpicruoypa^-txov 
y.6^[xa 6x6 tou Ilspcjtyoij BsaxoTtc^iou xpo<jTaTsu6[isvov 6xsptax u£ > * ai ou * 
oXtyov yaTYjvwxXst %at yaTsxtst^s to eTSpov yo^a, vuv o\kuq yaTd tyjv dcpt^tv 
toQ 'AX^dvBpou ot dpXYjyol T0U " BYj^oypaTtyou yo^fxaToc; dvsi^wxupYjaav 
Ta<; sXxtBac; auTwv. *0 'AXs^avBpoc; dxoyaTsaTYjas yat au0t<; tyjv BiQ^oxpa- 
Ttav dXXd ToaouTOV ay/Vrjpwc; ot Bif)tJLoy.paTty.ot xpo<; touc; svavTtov twv iyip- 
0Yjaav, costs xoXXouc; auTtov eXtOoSoXYjcrav, dxoaxdaavTEc; aiiTOuc; sy twv va- 
gjv, sv0a yaTstpuyov, y.at yjto dvdyxY) xoXXaxou 6 'AXs^avBpoc; vd [ASTaxsc- 
ptaGf) dxaaavauTou tyjv Ec^ouatav st<; tyjv ixsTa6oXYjv tyjc; xoXtTtyfjc; dpXYJc;, 
xpoXa^Sdvcov Td 6XI0pta dxoTEXIapiaTa tyj<; syBtyifjasooc;. 

KaTa tyjv sXsuatv tou 'AXs^dvBpou ot 'Ecpeatot ivYjaxoXouvTO dvayTt- 
t^ovT£<; xo/\6 Xa^xpoT£pov tov 6x6 toO *Hpo<JTpaTou xupxoXYjOsvTa y.aTa 
tyjv vuyTa tyj<; 7£vvYja£ax; tod vaov. M£yd/\Yjv B' ot 'E^iatot eB£t?av Y£vvat- 
oTYjTa, dBpwt; cuv£tcr(p£povT£^ Btd tyjv dvotyoBopiYjv toO vaoO, %<xl at yuvofiKeq 
[xdXtaTa xpo06[j.w<; xap£Txov sxtT0UT(p t« xoa^Yj^aTa yat xdvTa Td xoXu- 
TtLia ai)Td)V x:£t^YjXta. *0 *AX£^avBpo<; %a\ auGt^ xpoaoty£tou^£vo<; tov 
ox^ov, yaT' dpxdc; piiv Bt£Ta?s vd BaxavYjOfj Bed tyjv IxotyoBo^YjvTauTYjv tou 
vaou 6 zlq louq IT^paac; BtB6^£vo<; tpopoq' dxoXouOax; B£'Xpo£T£tv£ vd dxo- 
t(cy) auToc; i% tBtG)V dxaaav tyjv sxl touto) y£vyjcto^£vyjv BaxdvYjv, sxl cu\x- 
9wvta vd £xtypd^ox:tv sxt tyj? 6upa<; t6 6vo[xa auTou &q tBpuToO yat 0£^,£Xt- 
wtou tou vaou. Ka! TutpXax; jjlev dcpwatw^Evot zlq to e't'BwXov auTtov ot 'E- 
<p£crtot, Bsv xap£B£X0Yjaav Qzhaiuq TotauTYjv xpoTaatv, Bt' Yjq r) suvota tyj? 
Oeocc; twv ^£T£6aiv£V £t<; aXXov, dWa yat (ppovf^ox; (pspo^Evot (yat Tot xa[i£p- 
xo><; yaTa Tt) dxYjvTYjaav £t<; tov ^aatXia OTt Bsv y^to xpsxov Oso? vd dtpts- 
po'xjY) vaov etc; Gsov. "H outojc; o^jigx; yj dXXox; ^ts6yj £xt tyj<; 6upa<; tou vaou 
Y) 6x6 tou 'AxsT^ou ^wypa^YjGstaa jjLSYa/\oxpsxsaTaTYj stywv Tou'AXs^dv- 
Bpou, y.paTouaa yspauvov, Bt' yjv yat ^xXyjpwGyj outo<; s'tyoat xpucrd TaXavTa. 

Tiq dyvost t6 6vo[xa tou xspttpYj^ou toutou ^oypdcpou tyj<; dpxatoTYjToq; 
SuvwBsus o' 6 'AxsXXfjc; tov 'AXs^avBpov etc; tyjv yaxd tyjv 'Aatav e'yaTpa- 
Tstav^sT' d/\)aove'q6x(,)vdvBp6)v e't'qTe tyjv ^wypacpty yjv y.at etc; BtdipopadXXa 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 49 

epya xaXXtTexvcag. To epyov touto e^eTifJiYjBY] <b<; dpcGTOupyiqpLa xoXXou 
Xoyou aljcov, xal ax; xa potted) Be? eXeyeTO otc uxijp^av Buo 'AXe^avBpoc, 

6 TOU <l>lX(xXOU, dYJTTYJTO?, %al 6 TOU 'AxeXXoO, G?ll.Cll.Y]TOq. AteTY}pYJ0YJ 

Be xal dorecov dvexBoTov xepc tyj? ecxovo? TauTYjg, otc ecpcxxo? Oewpwv ocutyjv 
6 'AXe£avBpo<; eBei^ev dBca<pop(av Ttvd, dXX' 6 cxxo<; <xutou exps^eTtce. 
<(BXexet<;, & ^aacXeu, elxev 6 'AxeXXfj?, otc 6 cxxo? ao u elvac ypa<pcxa>Tepoc; 
dxo as, y}toc, 6 Vxxo? cod yvtapc^ec xaXXkepov dxo ce tyjv ^wypacpcxYjv)). 
Ka! Bev YjX0e jjlsv ec? tov vouv tou 'AXe^dvBpou vd dxavTYjqfl otc o Yxxo? 
eBet^e [iiv tov 0au^aa^6v tou Bed to c%ri[L<x ttj? eixovoq, dXXd xal Bev irjBu- 
vaTO geSaiax; vd xd^fl tyjv dvYjxouaav Bcdxpcaiv xaTd to xp&^a. E'lBoyiev 
Be xpoYjyou^ivGx; otc 6 'AxeXXfjc; luapscxev el? Td? ecxova? aiiToujjieXavto- 
Tepov TOXP^iJia tou 'AXe?dvBpou dXXd xal ex toutou xdXcv xaTaqsafveTac yj 
txsYaXvj ocxetoTYj?, yjvo txeya? oOto? Yjpox; tyj? dpxacoTYjTO? ^Becxvuev evxd- 
<jyj xeptffTaaec tc^xwv tV dqtav xaTd to Beov. 

'Apxacog ti? cuyypa9eu? Xeyec otc 6 e\ 'Ecpec^ vao? outo? Tfj^'ApTe- 
^iBo? exeiTO el? to gt6[acov tou Xc^evo?, Xd^xwv (b? ^eTewpov. t Hto Be 
t(i)6vtc ev xdcTj tyj B6£yj xal tyj [leyaXoxpexefa aiiTou xaTd tyjv xpwtyjv xpc- 
GTtavcxYjv exoxV* ° TS ° BcBdcxaXo? twv eOvd>v exeaxecpGir) tyjv "E<pe<yov, 6 B' 
oxXo? [AaTY]v irjBeXYjae vd xwXucyj to XYjpuy^a auTOu, cpwvd^wv ((MeydXY) yj 
Ged "ApTe^t?)). 

KaTa tyjv ^paxscav ev 'Ecpecw BcaTpcSirjv tou 'AXe^dvBpou, xpe<r6ei? ex 
Te tyj? MayvYjaca?, twv TpdXXewv xal dXXwv jxepwv tyjc; 'Iwvt'aq icpoaeXOov- 
Teq, tw xpoaecpepav Ta<; xXecc; twv xoXewv toutwv, dvayvwpt^ovTeq tyjv xupt- 
apx^av auTou' 6 B' 'AXeqavBpoc; dxecTetXe tov IlapEJLevfwva vd xaTaXd6Yj 
Ta<; x^P a ^ TauTa<; [xeTd Teaadpwv x^XtdBwv xe^wv ; xal Bcaxoatwv txxewv. 
TauTOXpovox; B' dxeaTaXYj xal 'AvTc^xaxoc; 6 'AyaGoxXeou*; y«eTd cxavt^q 
Buvd^eo)? el? t&S AtoXtxd<; dxotxta<;, evToX^jv (pepwv vd xaTaX6<jY) ty^v 
6Xtxapx^ av sv auTac? xal vd eyxaTauTYjdY) tyjv BYj^ioxpaTtav, dxoBtBwv, toj<; 
xaTpfou? vo^jlou? ec<; exdffTYjv twv xoXewv, xal dxaXXdaawv auTd<; ^x twv 96- 
pwv oik; xapetx ov e ^ ^ 0U( ? IIep<jac;. 

KaTd tyjv ev 'Fi^iaty BtaTpc6ifjvTou Btdcpopa xpoc; toutoc<; auveXaSe <rxe- 
Bta 6 'AXeqavBpoc; xepl xpoaywyrjc; xac dvaxTu^eox; tou etxxoptou twv ev 
Tf) Mtxpa 'Affia *EXXYjvtx6>v x6Xea>v, xepl cuvotxtceox; BiacpopwvxoXewv, 
xalxp6 xdvTwv tyj? S^upvYjg, yjtcc; ux6tou SaBuaTTou, gauiXeax; tyjc; Au- 
8(as,t xaTacT-po^pecda, exl TETpaxocca Ityj xonrd %o>[L<xq yjByj xaT(pxelTo,xal 
dXXa, wv Ttva ^iev e^eTeXe<T0Yjaav d^ecrox;, Ttvd Be uxo twv BtaBoxwv tou, 
xal dXXa e^xetvav xavTaxaatv d0cxTa, evexa tg>v auvexwv xoXe^wv. 

Aa(ixpdv B* exc TeXou? Ouafav TeXe<ra<; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ec<; tyjv "ApTe- 
jitv, ix^XSev y^Btq xpoc; votov, xupteuwv Td? xapaXtou? xoXetq* dXX' d{Le<joq 
dxYjvTYjae ^.eyfdTYjv dvTfaTaatv ei<; tyjv MiXyjtov, ty^v xpwTeuouaav TYjg'Iw- 
via?, xstptevYjv, xaTd tyjv XYjyYjv tou MacdvBpou xoTa-piou. *HyYja(aTpaToc;, 
6 cppoupapxo? tyj<; McXyjtou,s xaT' dpxdq [ih ^tpLoupievo<; to xapdBetypia 



50 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tg>v aXXwv xoXewv Tfjq 'Icovfaq, Y)T0t^.a^£T0 xaTa xparuov xpo6uu.k)q v& 
xapaBoOfj et<; tov 'AXecjavBpov* dxoXouOax; ou/j>S u.a0G)v oti 6 cToXoq tou 
Aapecou xpoaTjpxeTo, YjXXa^e yvu>u.tjv xpOTetvwv OTt euxaptCTdx; xapelxe 
t<x TefxiQ *al touc; Xt[J.eva<; xocvouq e'iq ts tov 'AXe^avBpov xal touc; nepcra?' 
dXX'T) xpoTactq auTTj Bev ^ peers $e6ai(t)<; et<; t6v MaxeBova BopuxTTjTopa, 
a[j.eGO)<; 8s cxpaToxeBeuaac; xXtjcjiov tt)<; xoXeox;, Tjpxtse va lupocSaXYJ Ta Tet" 
XiQ aurfje; Bca xoXcopxTjTixwv (JLYjxavwv, auyxP 0VW< ; ^ %at ° ^5 exaTov e?Yj- 
xovTa xXocwv cuYxe(u.evo<; ctqXo? twv MaxeBovwv, %cd uxo tou Ntxdvopo<; 
7,u6epv(0[JL£vo(;, xpocopu.tc0el<; etc; ttjv xapaxetu.evYjv vfjaov AdBTjv, xavxaxo- 
0ev dxexXsce Bca OaXdacYjq ttjv MiXyjtov* xat xpoafjXOe [ikv u.eT<x Tpecq fju.e- 
pa<; %cd 6 ex, TcTpaxodwv xXoftov cuYX.e(u.evo<; llepco-^otvcxcxoc; cToXoq* 
dXXa gXexovTeg ot Ilepaat OTt 6 xoXxog ttj<; MeXtjtou xaTefxexo *v^ Btq uxo 
tou ctoXou twv MaxeBovwv, xXeuaavT c <; xp6<; @oppdv, xpocwpuJaGiqcav u.ev 
xapaTfj MuxaXfl, dXX' icTavTO ix:T dvevepYTjTot, xat ouTe o&Tot tou? McXtj- 
ctou<; fjouvavTO va ^oTjBTjcwctv, outs ot MtXTjctot va xpoceX6(octv elq tov cto- 
XovTwvITepawv. 

*0 xoXuxetpoq IIapu.evfo)v TjOeXYjae xat au6t<; va xpoTetvfl elq t6v 'AXe- 
£avBpovvacuvd<]>Yj vauu.axtav u.eTaTou Ilepctxou vauTtxou, <zpu.oB(av ext tou- 
T(p BpaTTOu.evoc; euxatpfav ttjv lu^dvictv deTou xa0ec6evTo<; xaTa ttjv xpuu.vTjv 
tyjc; vauapx^og. ((IldvTOTe, elxev 6 yep^v cTpaTYjYoq, ot w EXXtjv£<; Bta vauu.a- 
X^ac; evixirjaav tou<; ^apSdpoug, to Be CY]u.eTov tou dexou BtaBYjXot ttjv exj tou- 
tw OeX-rjctv twv Oewv. Kat vcxwvxec; u.ev, extxp ceOece, GeXouatv exet \xey(xX<xq 
dxpeXetaq, vtxa)u.evot Be, Bev GeXouct xdOei p.eY tcrT0V Tt^axov.)) IIeptepYO<; B' 
auGt^^To T)dxdvTY]a^Y]V xdXtvo 'AXe^avBpo<; xapeexsv. (('Hvauu.axtaxaTa 
ttjv xapoucavxepfffTaatvelvatxal dvw^eX-fjsxal extxfvBuvo?, xpwTov^ev 8i6tt 
oi MaxeBoveg 8eXo'uct xoXeu.Y)cet u.eTa exaTov e^xovTa xXofwv xaTa Texpa- 
xoatwvxXofwVToO ex^pou, dYuu.va<7T0i BYjXaBYj auTol ovTeq et<;TaTYjt; 0aXdc- 
G-t}q, xaTa Xcav e?YjcxY]u.ev6)V vauTtov, twv ^otvfxwv, twv Kuxpiwv %<x\ aXXwv, 
iq d)V cuvexetTO 6 Ilepatxot; ctoXoc;* dxevavTtag ot MaxeBoveq, eu.xetpot ov- 
Teg ziq Ta Tfjq ^Yjpac;, xpoq ou<; xal Bev Buvavxat va avxtxapaSXyjOwatv ot fdp- 
&apot er/ov ^eSatav ttjv v(xyjv, %<xl touto ^cTju.aive xa£ 6 exl ytj<; xa0Tju.evo<; de- 
to<; oti ex TauTTj<; OeXet ^xeX0Y) i) YjTTa twv Ilepawv. » 'Ev toutocc; ot MaxeBo- 
vec; BtaToi3 xapaxXeovTO? ctoXicxou tg>v exupfeuaavxaxa xpwTOVT^r xeptTTjv 
McXtjtov VYjctBta, dxoXouOox; Be xat tq xp<i)Teuouca fjvaYxdcBiQ va xapaBoSfj 
£ [r T a<;x^P a< ? T0 ^ BopuxTTjTopoc;, xaOocov u.dXt(TTa ot MtXirjctot xalo! £jua0o<p6- 
pot auTWV, u.T]Beu.tav xXeov gXexovreq eXxtBa co3TTjpfa<;, ot u.ev ai»T(ov ptxTOU.e- 
vot evToc; GaXdacYj^ e*xt twv uxtiwv cJcxiBwvtwv, ot B'ey.6cuvovTe<; etqdxaTtov 
oux 6Xiyoi (isv eWCovTO et^Tac; xapaxeiu.eva<; VTjaou?, ot xXeicTot ou.(o? cuve- 
Xau.6dvovTOO)<;aix^dXwTot. 'Ex^TeXouc;^ xoXtc; exupteu0Tj, dXX* 6 'AXe?av- 
Bpo(;*r)xt(i)Tepo<;e(p£p0Y)xatetSTou(;xaTofxou<;xa!e[c;Tou(;u.ta6o<p6pou<;a6T(I)v. 
Nuv 8* 6 'AXe^avBpoc; axa^ xupcapxo? ttjc; jjitxpd<; 'Ac(a<; xaTacTa?, dxe- 
^dctce va BtaXucY) to vauTtxov tou gx; xdvTYj axpTjcTOV xal Xtav BaxavTjpdv. 




> 
o 

a. 
o 

53 

in H 

< 2 



1 1 






t> 

II 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 51 

Etxe Be %at dXXov iizl tout<i> cxouBatoTepov Xoyov xotTd T*f)v Bit)yy]<jiv tou 
AtoBwpou. 'ExetB^j expoxetTO yjByj (JLeydXT] vd ciuvacpGY] pidxTQ t^STa tou Aapet- 
ou, 6 'AXe^avBpoc; evojjuaev oti ot MaxeBovec; Y)GeXov elsGat xpoGu^oTepoi etc; 
to yidxecfGat, (bq^Tj uxapxouaYjc; xXeov eXaxtsTiqc; eXxtBoc; <puyf)<;* 6X(ya Be ti- 
va xXoTa (popTYjya BteTY)pY)<iev 6 'AXe^avBpoc; xpo<; ^eTax,6^t<7tv twv avayx-at- 
wv, y.7.1 p,£Ta^6 toutg>v Y)aav xat Ta e'txoat xXota t<dv 'AGrvatwv aTtva %al 
Bte<puXa?expo<; Tt^fjv tyjc; xoXeox;. 

*ET£pav (jieYaXstT^pav dvTtcjTactv dxY)VTY)<jev 6 'AXe£avBpo<; etqTY^v 'A- 
XtKapvaacrov, tyjv xptoTeuouaav tyjc; Kaptaq, taxupdv xapaGaXaactav xoXtv 
x,at x,aGeBpav twv PaatXewv tyjc; Kaptac;. 'Ext tou xapovTOc; yj xoXtc; auxr e\u- 
6epvdT0 6x6 tou Me^vovoc;, oaTtq yjto 6 ^ovoc; e^xaTaXetcpGetc; ixtaYj^oc; dp- 
XY]yo<; T(5v Ilepawv jJLSTa tyjv ^.ax^v tou rpavixou, xat etc; ov 6 Aapetoc; y,aTa 
Ta xept auTou BtacpYj^taGevxa ev tw xoXe^txa) au^6ouXta), xal @Xexwv oti xe- 
giBGY.e[L{hiy(})q %<xi opGax; xepl xavTa>v eaxixTeTO, xapecrx £ v auTa>TY^v dxeptopt- 
(jto'v KuSepvYjatv dxdcYjc; tyjc; Mtxpdc; 'Adas' outoc; B' euYvw^ovwc; xpoc; tov 
AapeTovcpepo^evoc; exe^e xap' ocutw, dacpaXetac; B-rjGev evexa, tyjvts Yuvatx.a 
%at TdTexvaTou. KatxaTa (livTaxapdXta, Buo xaXwq&xuptopievat xoXetg, 
yj MuvBog, yj 'ApxovTQffoc; %al dXXat Ttve; vfjaot ty,avYjv <ppoupdv exouuat 
xpoecpuXaccrov tyjv xoXtv, Bed <;Yjpd<; Be xpoc; uxepdcxtatv auTijc; uxyjpxov 
faX u P a T£ ^X Y 3) xXaTeTav y.al ^aGelav exovTa ec;wGev Ta<ppov. 

Kal cuvexeVu puce [ikv evTauGa 6 Me^veav dxdaac; Ta<; Buvd^.ei<; auTou 
y.(xl dcpGovouc; auveXec;e ^oooTpocptac;, dXX' ot xoXtopxrTal tocoutov (uxupd? 
Btd xavTofo>v ^Yjxavwv e7,a[iav ^oBou? xaTa Tr^g ^AXtxapvaaaou, oxtts ot 
/.aTOtxot auTY^<; ^y) Buvdpievot vd dvGe^ojatv exl (/.dXXov e^ Tdq ivTovouq au- 
to)V xpoc:6oXdc;, TjvaYxda6Y]aav vd ^Y %aTa ^ e ^ W(7t xdaav dvTtaTaatv xal vd 
^dXwat xup etc; Bto^opouc; olxoBoyidq'xXecaTOt B' auTwv ^stgc (JieYdXwv Buaxo- 
Xta>v xaTeqjUYOv ef<; TTjv xapa/cet^eviqv vfjaov Kw. *H *AXt/.apva<7a6q TeXoq 
^7.upte60Y), %al oux, oXtYot ^ev to>v 7,aToi/,(ov ^(poveuGYjaav ot Be Xoixol Bte- 
(7y,opx(a6Y]aav el? e$ xapa%st(j.evac; xw^ag, axaaa B' y^ x^pa xaTeBacptaOeiaa 
6x5 tou Bopux.TY)Topo<; {jLeTe6XY]0Yj et<; epetxta, 7,al y.aTd tyjv dpxatav Geatv 
auTYJc; ouBev aXXo uxoXefxeTat Tavuv, et^/r) dGXtov Tl xoygioy, Tcotvcoc; Xeyo- 
^.evov BouBpou^xcov. 

^Hto B* yj *AXtxapvatjaoc; xoXtg tyjc; Kapfag, xeptcpiq^oc; t6 xdXat Btd ty)v 
iv auTY] Y£ VVY ] (71V T0 ^ *HpoB6tou, xaTpo? TYJg t<7TOpta<;, y,al (b? xaGeBpa tou 
^ajtXetou tyj<; Kaptac;* eTt Be %od Btd t6v ev auTYj Tacpov, ov y^ (SaatXtaaa 
'Apxe^tata xaTetTxeuaae xpoq Tt^Yjv tou cu^uyou tyj<; MauawXou. t Hto 
Be Bta6oY)TO(; 6 Tacpoc; outoc; £xl tyj di;toGaupLd(7T(i) yieYaXoxpexeta auTou, 
Bto %<xl e%TOTe xdvTec; o? ^eYaXoxpexw? TtaTaay-eua^opLevot Tacpot (dx-o- 
XouGwq) (bvo^d^ovTO MauawXeta. 

'AxoGavovToc; Bl tou 'IBpteax;, tou ^autXewc; ty^<; Kaptaq, BteBexGif t6v 
Gpdvov xaTd Td iv ty) x^PQ 5 vevo^itcj^eva yj cu^uyoc; (x,al dBeXcpY^) auTou w ABa. 
Ilr^oBopoc; B' 6 ved)Tepoc; dBeXcpoc; tyjc; BaatXtaaYjc; xaTa6t6dcjac; auT^jv iv. 



52 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tou 8p6voL), ibaui\e\jae <zvt' exetvigg. Tov dxo0avovTa BieB£x0y) 6 yatJ.6po<; 
auTou 'OpovxoSdxYjc;, xapayxwvfcac; ttjv "ABav elq Ta "AXivBa, o^upov ti 
Xwpfov ty]<; Kapfaq. w Au,a Be vuv £<pdvY) 6 'AXs^avBpog, exetvYj elq xpou- 
xdvxYjaiv xpouBpa^ouaa, Ta te "AXcvBa TuapsBwxev stq auxov, %<xi ox; uiov 
ttq? tov 'AXs^avBpov TupoaYjyopsucrev' ouioq B' eiul xfj xpocryopfa Euxapc- 
cxyj0ei<;, tt)<; Kapca<; dxdcjrjc; auxTjv dviBet^ev. Euyvco^ovox; Be xal cpiXo- 
axopyox; <pepo(JL£VY] xal tj v ABa s?<; t6v 'AXs^avBpov, tov ox; Gsxov utov Tigs, 
xa9' e/,daTY]v o^a y.at x£U,u*axa (xXaxouvxta) £<pcXoxipi£Txo xEu/icouca elq au- 
tov, aTiva o\L(dq enelvoq syKpaxEiac; Xoyq) Blv xapsB£X£xo, wq xpo 6Xiyou 
tjBtq £'(xou,ev. 

'Atp* exspou Be %<x\ 6 xapd ty) Ilepffia ^jua6o<popG>v, tdq s"pY)Tat, Me- 
yivtov dvaXaSwv ttjv 5tu6ipvTQariv ?a%upoO vauTtxoO, ox; [liv "EXXyjv sxsxuxs 
vd Kupisuafl vrjaouq xcvdq, ty)v 2du.ov, ttjv Xcov, ttjv AsaSov xal aXXaq, 
dXX* dxpocBoy.TjTGx; to dy,6Xou6ov sxoc; ^xeXsuxtjcs, x,al 6 0dvaxo<; auxou 
dvuxspSXTjxou tjjuJac; xpo^svoc; uxfjp^sv dq tov Becxoxtjv tou. 

Msxd ttjv dXaxrtv ttj<; *AXtxapvaaaou, tov ^ev IlapEJisvitova exsu*tj;e %(xl 
au0c<; 6 'AXs^avBpo*; e!q Td \xigr twv 2dpBso>v jJiExd ixavou Ixxcxou xal u*s- 
ydXTjq ^.ocpaq cxpaxou xpo<; xaOuxoxa^tv ttj<; ^>puyfa<;, ouxoc; B' ecxsikje vd 
xupce'Oaj) Ta xapdXia zaOtcxcov ouxgj xavxdxaaiv dxpraxov to vauxcxov 
xfjq IlEpfftaq, to Bs.6spo<; dvrjyyeiXev ec<; tov cxpaxov oxi xavxeq ot 5taxd ttjv 
evap^cv ttj<; iY.Gtp(XTe[<xq jjlet* auxou cuvaxeXOovxeq veoya^ot YjBuvavxo vd 
iiciaz p&tywvw elq Td 't'Bca, vd y.e(v(i)ort tov X£^wva ^exd tg>v yuvatxwv tg>v, 
tt)v B* avot^cv vd ^xtdTpe^wdt cp£povT£^ %al V£o<juXX£%touc; ^xeO' lauxwv. 
Tp£t<; CTpaTYjyo! V£ovu^90t UzoXe^txloq 6 SeXeuxou, Kolvoc; 6 IloX£[jiox.pd- 
tou^ %<xl M£X£aypoq 6 NeotctoXe^ou Ex^opTfaGrjcav tyjv £/,T£X£atv ttj<; Bta- 
Tayf]<; TauTYjg. Miya Be t6 tocoutov xoXtTixov c7X£Btov. 'Aip' £vo<; p,£V oc 
(7TpaTcd)Tat TupocnqXoGvTO £%l jjidXXov elq tov fJaaiXea evexa tou xpo<; auTouq 
euvotxou afaSifj^aTot; tou, ouBe xfvBuvot; B* dtp' £T£pou uxyjpx£ W £XaTTO)0fj 
6 <jTpaTO<; auTou, xaSoaov [l<x\vjx<x ol BcaxaxOevTEc; vd dxsXBwatv Y^aav %<xx' 
dvaXoyfav oXfyoi* ccicevavTia? Be (JLaXtaTa touto cuveteXece vd £xau?Y](7Yj 
xaxd Tt t6v dpt0[j.6v tou CTpaTou. 

'Exi Ttva XP 0V0V o 'AXs^avBpoi; e^xsivev sv ^aaiqXtBi, xoXet tyji; 
Auxia?' xtSavwq B' Y^xo tots p.eaoxEfu,wvov. *H %6"kiq auxrj xpocte^e- 
pev elq t6v 'AXs^avBpov xP U(Toi J v ct£<pavov dtp' hbq pisv ^xtB£ty.vuou(ja 
tov yiyav auxfj<; xXouxov, dy' ixspou Exouaa xP £ ' av TT J? xpoaxaafaq 
tou 'AXEqdvBpou, dotaxoxox; xpoa6aXXo[xsvYj uxo xwv opstvwv. 'Ev 4>a- 
CYjXiBt Bcaxp(6o3V 6 'AXs^avBpo?, %od ?Bwv iv xfj dyopa dvax£t[A£VY)V ttjv 
EtxovaTou xpoaxo0avovxo<; OeoBsxxou, ^.aBTjxou tou 'AptaxoxEXout;, I'ppt- 
pi'^ev ix' auxfj<; xoXXou<; xwv elq auxov xpoatpspOevxwv cxe^dvov, x^P lv 
xfj^ xaXatdt; auvavaaxpo^fjg, yjv sIxe ^£Td tou vsavfou touxou. 'Exec 6 *A- 
Xs^avBpo<; IxXtjpo^optjOyj oxt axuyspd auvtou.oafa ixE^xafvExo xax* auxou, 
XTjv BoXo^ovtav tou paatXeox; axoxouaa, elq yjv xat 6 Aaps!o$ uuvevoecto 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY ANEEANAPOY 53 

u*eTa twv auvG)(JLOT(i)v. IIp6 6\iyou Be xpovou r) ^tjttqp tou 'AXe^dvBpou, 
dvaxaXu^aaa ttqv cuvw^oacav TauTiqv, ev tivi £xt<JToXf) ty]<; xpoeTpexe tov 
utov ttqs vd slvat xpoaexTtxwTepog e2<; touc; xpoTepouq s/Gpouc; tou, ouq 
vuv auyxaTaxaua'st (jLexd twv cpcXwv tou xal 0etov Be ti eXeyeTO otc eB60Y) 
xpo Ttvo<; xacpou d'vw0ev ctq^lscov i%l tout (p. 

w Ot£ ixoXtopxet 6 'AXe£avBpo<; tyjv 'AXtxapvaacov, 6x6 yLeyaXou 
xaTa6Xiq0el<; xajjiaTou, xaTexXi07] avaxau6[xevo<; 6Xcyov xepl ^eaY)pi6piav' 
XeXtBwv 8s xpoaeX0ouaa xepuxTaTO 6xep ttqv y,eq>Y]XY]v auTou Tp(£>ouaa, 
xal ots (lev y,aTa toutoots BexaT'exeTvo to [iepo<;TYJ<; xXiviqq yi£Ta6aivouaa 
0opu6wBe<rrepov e£Y)xoXou0ei dBouca. Kal X(av yiv xexoxcaxw<; 6 'A- 
Xe^avBpoq Bev YjBuvaTO va dyepG-^, dXXa xal ux6 tyji; cpwvrjg tyj? ^eXiBovoq 
acpoBpa evoxXouu^voq, YjpxdTO dxoBtwxwv aurrjv eXacppwq Bid tt)<; xetP ?' 
dXX' t) xeXtBwv Ixi TYJ<;.X£9aX-ri<; auTou e£Y]xoXo60ec ert c<poBpoT£pov dBouaa 
\xixgtq ou e^igyecpev exl TeXou<; t6v 'AXe^avBpov. 'O 'AXe£avBpo<; iv 
T(jji du*a dvexotvwae t6 xpdyyia dq tov ev tw GTpaToxeBw BiaTp(6ovT<x 
pidvTtv, tov TeX^Juaaea 'AptaTavBpov. Outoc; B' e^yrjaev oxc yj x £ ^^ wv 
w<; euvouqxat cuvTpo^oc; tou dv0pwxou, ayia Be xal XdXos, eaiq^aivev ixi- 
6ouXyjv xal xpoBoacav, iJTig xal xpdy^aTt avexaXu(p0Y). 

? Hto 8* 6 xpoBoTiQq outo<; 6 yvw<jto<; yj^iTv 'AXe£avBpo<; 6 Auyxt- 
ffTYjs, ojTi^ o"uv£voxo<; wv ^eTa twv Buo dBeXtpwv tou eiq ty)v BoXocpovfav 
too <I>cX(xxou, Yj£tw0Y) auyyvw[JiY]<; xapd tou 'AXe^dvBpou, toq e'cpYjTat' 
outo<; Be ax £(J£t S dxoxpucpou<; e'xwv (lexd tou BaaiXews tyjc; Ilepda*;, e- 
x£U*4> £V £ ^ T0V Aap£lov tov ex, MaxeBovia? exouaiw<; dq tyjv Ilepjcav xa- 
Tacpuyovxa 'A^uvtocv, utov tou 'Avtio^ou, extaToXrjv cpepovTa e(<; aiiT^v. 
'O Aapeioq axIXXet exl toutw tov xtaTov auXixov tou 'AaacrfviQV, outk; 
ypucptox; dq t6 MocyeBoviyov txxtyov ecaB6aa<; epieXXe vd auvBtaXex0"n ^£^a 
tou AuYXiaxou 'AXe^dvBpou. 'O 'AaaufvY]*; auveXY](p0TQ 6x6 tou Ilap- 
(isvfwvo?, %al Td xdvxa BteBY)X(o0Y)(jav. Kal vat jjiev BteTa^ev 6 'AXe^av- 
Bpo<; tov Ilap^evtwva vd auXXdSfl tov AuyxtaTiQV, dWo: %<xi Bev TfjOeXifjae 
vd ixtSaXyj xdp<x Tt^xwpov ex* auxov, dxocpeuywv vd Baxjfl dqjopjJiYjv Ttva 
dvYjaux^ac; ^ Buaapeaxetac; etc; tov ev MaxeBovta BtaTp(6ovTa xev0epov - 
auTou, tov dvTt6aaiXea 'AvTtxaTpov. 

Nuv B' erepov xapouatd^eTat lyq veavtyy]<; tou 'AXe^dvBpou op^c 

'OXtyov Tt xpo£ fioppdv tou ^>aaY)XtBo<; xoTapiou uxdpxet aetpd 6- 
pewv, aTiva IXeyovTo KXtu.a^, Bt' wv uxap^et <pu<riy,Y) iiq y,Xtu.ay,Y]B6v Btd- 
6aaiq, Xfav ou^ax; extxovoc;. Kal dXXY] ^ev BfoBoc; Bev ux^pxev dv Ttq ^0eXe 
vd xepda]Q et<; to dxevavTt ^Lepo?* dXX' oxe ex. t^<;. ?Y]pa? taxupo<; eqjuaa 
dveu.o<;, ToaouTOV dxeaupovTO Ta uBaxa, waTe xal Btd tou xoxau^ou tqBu- 
vavTO vd ^exaSwatv ol ^ouX6u.evot, dXX' ou^l xal dveu jxeytaTou xtvBuvou. 
Kal [ligoq \xh tou GTpaTou exeu-(p0Y] Bid twv 6pewv, 6 Be 'AXe^avBpog 
t6 xveuu^a tou avsu^ou xaip09uXaxTY)aa<;, dvaXaSwv to txxtxov xal ttqv 



54 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 



(pdXayya, eiaijXOev aTpo^Tox; evxoc; tou 3>a<TY)}a£o<;, cpeuywv va 8ia6jj 
ttjv twv 6pewv exfxovov 8td6a<Tiv. Kafc Tuxacox; y.ev exeTu^ov ot May.e- 
Boveg va BieXGwacv da^aXws tov xoxauiov, d\Xd to tocoutov e8ecopir]0Y) 
\LzXkov <!><; dxX-rjt; 6p^fj<; xapdXoyov ToX[XTf][JLa. Ot TaXatxwpoi cTpaTiwxat 
w^eiXov va Bta^ivwaiv 6X6yAr)pov Yjtiipav evxoq toO xoTajiou 6xep tov 
d^aXov xoXXaxc<; dxi6a(vovToq toO uBaTog. Kat vat ^ev to xapaSscy^a 
toD 'AXe^dvBpou, outk; xpwxoc; eToXpuqae va ecaeXOfl eVroq toO xoTapioG 
exapie GappaXewTepouq tou<; MaxeBovaq, dv o[xw? 6 d'vs^os ^cpoSpuveTO 
ext yiaXXov, 6 vixy]tt?)S toG rpavixoG xai ot ice pi auT&v MaxeSoveq Bev 
TJScXov d^twOf] jk&acwc; va xapeupeGwatv elq exepov xeSfov yidxTQS, xalfjSiQ 
Ta e'xty.TjBeta auxwv y,al Yj^etq TjOeXo^iev ^dXXet. 




KE3>AAAION H. 

'O 'A^i^avSpoq eidcp^e'cat tiq tAv ccpoTeCrovdav *zn<; ^pvyia^ icai 7»it\ 
tov rop&iov ftedjiov. — "Ovetpov tov Aapeiov. — 'H oeoynft *<5v Ilcpd&v Ba- 
dtXetov ttpoxcopovvcov aya tn avciTo^n Toff ittuov. — 'O *A^i£av&po<;(5a- 
9£o^ adOevnc. — Md^n ev 'Iddcj>. 



JJ 



N TQ {X£Ta?6 Be 6 'A>i$av8po<;, ctcp* ou 
dxscrTetXe yieTd /pYjjjuxTtov tov KX£av- 
Bpov Std vd cuXXs^fi £/, IleXoxovvrjaou 
aTpaxov, ToexToxoiYjaa<; Td ty)<; Aux(a<; 
xal IIapi4>uX(a<; xpdy^aTa, ecpepe tov 
GTpaTov xpoq TYjv x6Xiv KeXaivdq t a> 333 x. X. Koct' 
^xslvov B^tov xpovov Bl£pp££ Bid ^L£aOU TWV T£IX&V 6 
xoTa[A&<; Mapauaq, evBo^o^Bcd iaq pluSwBek; twv *EX- 
Xt)V(dv wBaq. To va^a toutou £x,tyj<; u^gty)? Kopucpijq 
tou opou? £xp£ov xfxTec e(<; t-?jv Oxo/,ei|jL£VY]v xe^rpav, 
[A£T<x ^eyaXou Bouxou* yi£Td TaGTa Biaa/.opxt<j6ev 6p£- 
X£t Td? xepweijiivac; xeBidBaq, piovov Td eauTou xupia- 
Toc aupov. W O0£V T) o^t? auTou 6[Ao£a ^e^ps^ov GdXao 
aav xap£ax ev ctyop^rjv scg to tg>v xonrjT&v ^suBo?' Bi6ti 
6xdpx£t xapdBoatq oti a! Nu^pat y.upteu6etaat 0x6 
gpwToq toO xoTa^xoO eV ix£(vY]<; ttjs xe^upac; e , x.d0Y)VTO. 
Td B' &Xka, l<p' Saov eVroq tg>v tsix^v p£st, BtaTY)petT& 8vo^aTou, <2XV 
Sxav Ixt&s twv 6xupw^dT(ov y.uX(cTat, dxetBi?) (isTd ^efaXeiTipaq Buvd^eax; 
xal oyxou xtveT Td %6iiaTa, dvo^d^ouaiv aikov Auxov. 

*0 (jl£v 'AX££avBpo<; etaepx^Tai eU ttjv xaTaXiqcpSsicjav uxo twv aTpaTio>- 
twv tou x6Xiv, TTjv Be ' Ax.p6xoXiv, elq ttjv oxoiav efyov y.aTa<puY£t, ixtxecpifj- 
aaq vd xpoa6dXfl, dxeaTeiXe yj)pux,a, octk; v' dvaYye(Xfl, 8tc e\zv Bev xapaBo- 
6wat 6IXo uae xd8si Td 'ia%<xiaL. 'Exstvot Be dva6i6dtjavTs<; T6vx*rjpuy.a si? 
xupyov xal evexa t^^ Odaeax; xal ev£/.a ttjs d^upwasax; X(av 6^tqX6v-xoX6 (xi- 
7a ^to t6 u^o«;-t6v BiaTdcTTOuat vd BsupYjafl xal v* c«vaYYe(X]Q xpo<; tov 'AXd- 
^avBpovvd (jl - ?) [xeTpfl TauTa Td TsfxiQ auToq Btd ttj? auvTjOoui; dxTt^Tjasax;' 
dXXd vd yvtopf^Q oTtxalo? xaToixoi eIvatdxaTapidxY]Tot'T£X£UTacov, OTtuxsp 
t^<; xitJTeax; 8IXouffivdxo6dvet. KaTdxddXXa, IxsiB^Tr) xoXtopxfaT^q'Axpo- 
x6Xea)<; xal xdvTa iipdvTQaav e!<; ocutou? oti ^(vovto 7.a6' Yjpilpav cTevitaepa, 




.56 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

auvsq>u>VYjaav dvaxtoxYjv s^yjxovtoc Yj^spwv, ¥va, idv ^ Ivt6<; ocutwv 6 Aapstoc; 
yj0sXs xs^st st<; <xutou<; 6oY)0stav, xapaBaxywat tyjv xoXtv. 'ExsiByj ouBs^ta 
ixstOsv ixixoupta e^teXXsto, xaTd ty)v (bpta^ev^v xpoOsa^tav xapsB60Yjaav 
s(<; tov 6aatXsa. 

"ExeiTa epxovTat xps<j6et<; twv 'AO^vafwv, £y)touvts<; v' dxoBo06atv zlq 
adzouq ot xapd t^> Tpavixcp xoTapiy cuXXy)90evtsc; octx^dXtoTot. 'ExsT- 
vo<; §£ dxsxp(0Y], OTt GeXst BtaTd^st tou<; tBtxout; tou v' dxoBo0to<jtv 06 ^ovov 
auToi, dXXd xat 01 v EXXy]ve<;. 

'ExtXSf[JlSVOc; T(p Aap£((j), XSpl TOU OXOtOU stye ^d0£t OTt BsV BisSy} dx6[JlY] 

tov EucppaTiQv, xavTax^sv auvY]0potasv oXov tov aTpocTov, ?va Bt'oXwv twv Bu- 
va|jL£G)v xpoasX0fl s?<; tov xtvBuvov Toaov [XEydXou xoXsjjiou. *H <£puy(a, Bid 
ttj<; oxotaq 6 cjTpaTOc; YjysTO, y^to xXyjpyjc; xXstovwv xw^wv |idXXov yj xoXswv. 
T6t£ elxev sxdjYjpiov xot£ tou MtBou xoXtv, 6vo[xa^o[X£VY]v T6pBiov, Bid ttjc; 
6xota<; pssc 6 Sayydptoc; xoTau.o<;, Uqiaou dxsxouaav tou IIovtou xal tyj<; 
KcXtxtac; OaXdaaY)?. Metq^utwv GaXaaawv toutwv yvwpt^o^Ev cm Oxdpxst 
CT£va)TaTO(; x&P 6 ? T ^ 'Aatag sxaT£pG)0£V auvwOwv tyjv yfjv Etc; aTEvd. Au- 
ttq Be, Bi6ti evoutcxi pis ty)v "Hxstpov, dXXd xaTd piiya puepoq xEptxuxXouTat 
uxo twv xupidToav, xap£x £t o^tv vrjaou, xat, idv piYj ivExotst pitxpov x(vBuvov, 
oaa<; yjByj 0aXdaaac; x w P^ £t > tjBuvqcto vd Tdc; cuvdxTYj. 

*0 'AXs^avBpoc; uxoTd^a^TYjv xoXtv staspx £,Tat elq tov vocovtou At6<;. Et- 
Be Be tyjv a^a^av sV ^q BtYjyouvTO oti yjuxy)0y] 6 TopBtoq, 6 xocty^p tou Mt- 
Bou' ouacpoBpa dxsaTpetpSTO xat Ta<; BtaB6ast<; Btd tyjv si^ua xpt]aiv. r H- 
to BtdaYjpioc; ^uyoq auvsucpty^EVOc; Bid xXeicjtwv B£a|ia)v x£pix£xX£Y^.£V(ov xal 
y.pu^fojv £t<; Td<; xpo? dXXrjXou? xXoxaq. 

"ExElTOC, ^X£tB9) Ot XaTOty.01 TOV Bt£6£6a(0UV, OTt 6 x$ri<j[kbc, !x£t £?oxov EV- 

votav, Sti yLsXXst vd xuptEuafl tyjc; 'Aataq, oaTtc; -^OeXs Xuasc tov «Xutov he- 
cj^jlov, ix-f]X0£v e(<; ty)v ^ux^v tou ^xtOu^fa vd Boxt^day) tyjv tuxiqv auTou. ITe- 
pl tov 6aatXsa guvtqxQy) xXt^0o<; ^puywv xat Ma/.£B6vwv, ixstvwv jjlev i?ap- 
tw^svcov ^x ifiq ^XxtBoq, toutcov Be xapop^.Yj6EVT(i)V i% tou dXoyou 6dppouq 
tou SaatXswq' BtOTt ivy "0 auvEX^ta twv Bsa^cov y^to tojov afptyxTY), coste, xou 
t) xXoxyj tjpx^ev Y.a\ xou iTsXstwvEV, oCte Btd ty}<; aXE^EW^ OUTE Btd TTjq 
opdasax; vd ivvoYjaYjTK; Bev "rjBuvaTo, 6 'AXs^avBpoc; IxtxEtpYjaa? vd Xuarj tov 
Becu-ov eIx £ cppovTtast Yva ^ ^£Ta6XY]0fj e!<; xaxov otwvov t6 ptaTatov ixt- 
X£tpY][xa. 'Atpou Be (AOCTatax; ixl xoXuv xatpov ixaXatcrs xpoq iouq dyvoou- 
[xevou? Becu-oik;, ((hkv stvat xa^^ta dvdyxY], Xsyet, dg%el vd XuGwat')) xal Bid 
tou ?t<pou<; Kotycxq oXou? tou<; ttxdvTaq tyjv tuxtqv tou xp^wou e'cts £vi- 
xai?£v e\'te e^steXscsv. 

w Ote 'sxstTa slx £ v dxoqjaaiast vd xaToeXdSfl t6v Aapslov, oxouBy^xote y^to, 
Btd vd da^aXtaYj Td vwtoc, xaTsaTYjasv dpx"0yov tou ctoXou tov 'ApupoTspov, 
dq tyjv xapaXtav tou *EXXy)<ix6vtou, tou Be aTpaTou t6v ^HyrjXoxov, Btd vd 
dXEuOspwawatv dx6 twv <ppoupwv twv ix^P^ v T ^ v Asa6ov xat tyjv Xtov xat tyjv 
Kgj. ^BoO^aav hk Etc; toutouc; jjiev izgbq xp^'V tou xoXe^xou xEVTaxoata 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAE2ANAP0Y 57 

TdXavTa, xpog Be tov 'AvTtxaTpov xat Toug (puXaTTOVTag Tag 'EXXrjvtxdg xo- 
Xetg iGTdXrjGav e^axoGta. Aid Guv6Y]XY)g Be xpoGeTaxGiQGav etg Toug gu^ji- 
[k<x%o\jq xXoca, aTtva vd cpuXaTTWGt tov ^EXXyjgxovtov. AtoTt Bev etxe [idftei 
dxojjLT] 0Tt 6 Ms[xv(ov dx£6avev, ext tov oxotov ei%ev GTY]pt£et bXag tou Tag i\- 
xtBag, dpxouvTwg yvcopt^wv, otc xdvTa ^GeXev elaOai eToi^a, idv ouBev lx ^e- 
poug auTou sxpaTTSTO. 

"HBy) fjXGev etg ttjv xoXtv "Ayxupav, oxou dptG^jnfjGag tov GTpaTov eteep- 
XeTat etg ttjv IlacpXayovtav, [lz toutov Be YjvwG-qaav ot *EveTot, dxo twv oxot- 
(ov xtGTeuouGt Ttveg otc xaTayovTat ot BeveTot. v Axaaa auTY) tj X^pa uxeTa- 
xGyj tw 6a<yiXsi, xat BoGetGiqg eYyuYjGecog, vd^/rj dvayxaaGwat vd xXtq pwGWGt 
cpopov tov oxotov ouBe etg Toug IlepGag efyov xX^pwGet, £x!tuxov. 'O Kd- 
Xag xaTsaTiQ exapxog Tfjg xwpaq TauTYjg* ouTog Be xapaXa6<bv Toug e*x Ma- 
xeBovtag vewGTt xpOGeXGovTag, xaTeXa6e tyjv KaxxaBoxtav. 

'AXX' 6 Aapecog jxaOwv tov GdvaTov tou Me^vwvog, dxo6aXwv xdaav dX- 
Xtqv eXxtBa, exptve xaXov 6 't'Btog vd xoXetrr]GY)_Bi6Tt,_OGa_Btd_TtoV GTpaTTqytov 
tou efyov xpaxGrj, oXa Td xaTexptve, vopu^wv 0Tt dxo^evToug xXetGTOug 
i£e>etxevYj ext[jiXeta, dxo oXoug B' t) tuxtj. "ExetTa GTpaToxeBeuGag Iv 
TfjBaSuXwvta, oxou ^L£Td ^eyaXetTepou Gdppoug i^GeXov extxetpifjGei xoXe^ov, 
i0£O)pY]a£V dxaGag Tag GTpaTtarrtxdg tou Buvdpietg xat xaTaGxeuaGag xept£ 
Xapdxw^a, to oxolov i^GeXe x^P'fa 51 xXfjGog Bexa x^XtdBcov e\6xX(ov, xaTd 
t6 xapdBety^a tou Eep^ou, tq ptO^XTjas tyjv GTpaTtdv. 'Ax6 Tfjg dvaToXijg tou 
TjXtou &A£XP l T "»K vuxTog Td GTpaTeujxaTa, oxgx; f)Gav (bpia^xeva, etGY}XGov elq 
to xap«^ w ^ a - 'ExelGev dcpeGevTa elxov xaTaXd6et Tag xeoidBag T-fjg Mea- 
aoxoTa^fag* axs^ov dvaptG^iQToq xXrjGut; txxewv /.at xs^wv, exovTeg \j.£fa- 
XetTepav Gswpfav i] ogoi xpayjiaTt ^aav. 

'Ex twv IIsptTwv -^aav sxaTov xiXi&lzq, ^isTa^u twv oxofwv TptdxovTa x<- 
XtdBsc; ixxewv. Oi Be MfjBot elxov Bexa x'XtdBag txxlwv xal xevTYjxovTa 
XiXidBag xs^wv. Twv Bapxavwv exxlwv Buo xiXidheq -^aav (bxXtauivoc ^e 
BtxTspuyag xai iXaqjpdq dax(Bag o^otag Td ^dXtaTa \xk xsXttqv xaTd t6 gx^- 
^a* twv Be xe^wv Bexa xtXtdBeg -rjxoXouGouv \xzi' '(gou ^oxXtGpiou. Ot 'Ap- 
^xevtot elxov xe^^et TeGGapdxovTa x^tdBaq xe^wv xat exTd x^XtdBag tx- 
xewv. Ot *Ypxavot, e^oxot (ieTa$u ixetvwv twv iQvwv, elxov Gu^xXT)pwGet 
I§ x^XtdBag, dcpou xpoGeGeaav x'Xtoug txxelg ot Taxoupot. Ot AepStxol 
elxov oxXtGet TeaGapdxovTa x^XtdBag xe^wv. Twv xXetGTWV Td BopaTa -rJGav 
xpoGxexTQ^oTa etg %v.'k%bv r\ GtBiqpov, Ttveq Be elxov GxXiQpuvet t6 ^uXov Btd 
xupog. Kat toutouc; Buo x^XtdBeg txxewv xapY]xoXou6Y]Gav 1% tou (Btou 
eGvoug. 'Ax6 tt)<; KaGxtag GaXdGGYjg elxov eXGet 6xtw xCkialw %zt l bq 
GTpaTOg xat BtaxoGtot Ixxelg. MeTa toutwv ^Gav aXXa I6vtq ayvtoaTa, exovTa 
Buo x^XtdBag xet^wv xat BtxXouv dptGyLov txxewv. Etg TauTag Be Tag Buvd- 
yietg i:poGeTeGY]Gav TptdxovTa x i ^^^ £ ? y-tGGo^opwv *EXXy]vg)v ^atpeTou 
veoT-rjTog. AtoTi Y) gxouBtj ^xoBt^e vd xpOGxXY]GwGtv ot BaxTptavot xat ot 
SoyBavol xal ot 'IvBot xat ot dXXot xpoGotxot Tfjg 'EpuGpdg GaXaGGYjg, 6vo- 



58 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

[lqczol sGvwv dyvwaTa xai si? auTov. Toioutotpoxw? ouBsv IXsi^sv dxo tov 
Aapsiov oaov d<popa to xXfjGo? twv axpaTiwTwv. 

Tots Xiav xspixapYj? e^i T fl Gsa oXou auTou tou GTpaTou, twv xspi t&v 
PaaiXsa au^avovTwv tyjv dXxiBa auTou [ieia guyqQoug [i.gT atoT'iQ TOg, GTpa- 
<psi? 6 Aapslo? xp6? tov 'AGYjvaTov XapiSr^ov, spixsipov tou xoXs^ou x.al 
B.id tyjv s^opiav s^Gpov T °u 'AXs^dvBpou, Bioti sfysv d£opiaGYJ twv 'AGyjvwv 
tyj BiaTayfj auTou,Yjpxics vd t6v spWTa, sdv tou <paivsTat txavw? xapsaxsu- 
aa^ivo? si? to vd guvtpi^yj tov s^Gpov. *0 XapiBYj^o? x.ai tyjv iBixyjv tou 
tuxyjv x.ai tyjv @aaiXiXYjv uxspYjtpdvsiav XYja^ovYjaa?, ((tyjv dX*rjGsiav, Xsyst, 
xai cu 'iggx; Bsv 6d yjGsXs? vd dxouarj? xai syw, sdv |rrj Twpa tyjv s'ixw, dXXoTS 
^aTaiw? GsXw tyjv 6u.oXoyYjast. Outo? 6 Toaov xapsaxsuaa^isvo? GTpaTo?, 
6 dxo togwv sGvwv xai s?" oXYj?TY)?'AvaToXYj? GTpaToXoyYjGsi? oyxo?,B6vaTat 
vd slvai <po6spo?* XdjJixsi Bid tyj? xop<pupa? xat tou xpuaou, daTpdxTstjcaTd 
Td oxXa x.al tov xXoutov touov, wgts, oaoiBid twv 6$>GaX^wv Bsv t6v sIBov, 
Bid: tyj? cpavTaaia? vd swo-rjawat Bsv BuvavTai. 'AXX' 6 twv MaxsBovwv 
GTpaTo?, Tpay.6? x.at d'ypio?, cxsxd^si Bid twv daxiBwv xai twv Bopdxwv 
tou? dxivifjTou? sjjl66Xou? xai Tag xuxvd? Buvd^si? twv dvBpwv. Autoi <5vo- 
txd^ouat <pdXayya tyjv GTaGspdv GTpaTidv twv xs^wv* dvrjp jjlst' dvBpo?, oxXa 
^jlsG' oxXwv slvat auvYjvw^sva* si? to vsu^a xpoasxTixou dpxYjyou sjiaGov 
v' dxoXouGwai Ta? aY}u.aia?, vd ^sTa6dXXwai Tag Ta£si?. w O,ti xpoaTaaas- 
Tai, oXot to dxououai* vd dvGiGTavTac, vd xspixuxXwai, vd BiaTpeywaiv s£? 
to xspa?, vd ^STa6dXXwat tyjv xapaTa^tv, Bsv slvat oi GTpaTYjyol (JiaXXov 

TWV GTpaTlWTWV E^JLXSlpOl. Kai [AYj VO^JLIGYJ? oti xaTsyovTat 6x6 xXfjswi; 

xpoq tov xpuaov xal tov apyupov' [lixpi touBs dpxsi auTwv y^ h xsv(a 
aTpaTtwTixYj sxxaiBsuai<;. 

((Ei? tou? x.aTaxsxovr;(JLsvou? Y] yrj slvai xXivy)' y^ TpocpY), tyjv oxoiav iva- 

GXOXOU^LSVOI STOl^d^OUGl, TOU? X°P T0 ^ V£t * a ' Wp^l ^°U UXVOU slvai GUVTOJJLW- 

Tspat ty^? vuxto?. npoasTi oi OsaaaXoi ixxsl? xai oi 'Axapvdvs? y,ai ot 
AitwXoi, to dvixr^Tov auTo sv xoXs^xw xXyjSo?, BuvavTat v* dxoxpouaGwai 
Bid twv acpsvBovwv 7.al twv Bopdxwv twv Bid tou xup6? gxXyjpuvOsvtwv; 
'AxaiTslTai 'igyj Ig^u?. E(? Ixsivyjv tyjv yrjv, y^ti? iysvvYjGsv auTou?, xpsxsi 
vd ^TYjGfj dxixoupia* tov apyupov toutov xai tov xpuaov xs[X(];ov xp6? guXXo- 

yrjv GTpaTOU)). 

*0 Aapslo? sl/sv Yjpispov xai suxXaaTov x a P a5tT ^P a > dXX' yj tu^yj w? 
Ixl TO X0X5 BlS(p0SlpS tyjv YJU.SpOV auTou (puGiv. 

v O0sv jiyj uxocpspwv tyjv dXYjGsiav BtsTa^s v' dxaxGfj s!? GdvaTov 6 £svo? 
xai ix-stt^?, xaiTot gu(i6ouXsuwv Ta w(psXi[xwTaTa. 'O XapfBYjpLo? £v toutoi? 

u.r ; Bs tots XYjatiovYjGa? tyjv IXsuGspiav* (("Eyw, Xsysi, stoi^jlovtou Gavaxou 
Ijlou tov IxBixYjTYjv. GsXst gs Ti^wpYjGsi Bid tyjv xspuppovTjGstaav gu^6ouXyjv 
Ijlou auTo? outo?, xaTa tou oxoiou gs Guvs6ouXsuaa. 26, 6 uxo tyj? s^ouaia? 
ty^? £aaiXsia? togov aicpviBiw? ^sTaSX^Gsi?, 6sXst?ysivst xapdBeiy^a s?? 
tou? dxoyovou? ha oi avGpwxoi, d<p' ou xapsBwxav sauTou? si? tyjv tu^yjv, 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 59 

CKToyiaGaxjc %od tyjv cpuGtv.)) Tauxa XeyovTa Gcpd^ouGt t6v XaplBYjpiov ot 
xpo<7TeTay[X£voc elq touto. BpaBlwc; lx£tTa ^£T£v6yjg£V 6 QaaiXeuq, xal 6(jlo- 
XoyTjaaq oti 6 XaptBYjpioc; tou etyev s!xfj tyjv dXif)0£tav BteTal;e vd ivTa^tocGOfj 
6 vsxpogTOU. 

©u^wByjc;, 6 ulbq TouMevTopoc;, yjto doxvoc; vio?* dq toutov xapYjyylXOYj 
6x6 tou ^aGtXeox;, Yva xapa^dSYj xapd tou ^>apva6d^ou oXouc; tou? Ijevouc; 
GTpaTtwTaq, eiq touc; oxotouc; etxe (JLeydXYjv xexot0YjGtv Bid vd ^eTax^P^fl 
Td epya twv et<; t6v xoXe^ov, etc; <xutov Be tov <£apvd6a^ov xapeBcoxe ty^v 
aTpaTYjyiav, tyjv oxotav xpoTepov etxe Bu>Get etc; tov Me(xvova. 

IleptcpoSov Bid Tag extxettiEvac; cppovTtBac; sTapaTTov %<x%' uxvov t6v Aa- 
petov Td ovetpa Td oxota xpoexdXet yj [AavTiy.Y) tyjc; xpoatGOavo^evYjc; tyu%fiq. 
Tou e^pdvY) xaTa Ttva vuxtoc oti xotTYjuyd^eTO 6x6 ^eydXYjc; Xd^ecoc;, xal 
6Xtyov UGTepov oti 6 'AXI^avBpoc; YjpxeTO xp6g auTov [Lk IvBu^aTa o^xoia 
xpoc; Td ?Bt7,d tou' exetTa oti ixxsuaaq, Bid tyjc; BaSuXcovtac;, attpviBicoc; 
txsTa tou Yxxou tou Yj<paviG0Yj dx6 twv 6cp0a\^G)v tou. Tocutcz xdvTa ot (xdv- 
T£i? xotxiXoTpoxwc; efyov e^YjyYjGei etc; tov gaatXia* xat aXXoi yiv eXeyov 
OTt to ovetpov touto elvat y.aX6v Bid tov gaatXIa, oti to GTpaToxeBov Ttov 
ix^pwv eXajixev y.al oti 6 'ATvlc^avBpoc; dxo6aXwv tyjv @aat\tx,Y)v gtoMjv 
e\pdvY) otc xapouatdc70Y3 \kk XlepGixYjv y,a£ y.oivYjv ivBu^aatav. Ttvec; %[Utiq 
e^Yjyouv aXXwc; t6 6v£tpov Bioti to Xapixpov twv MaxeBovwv GTpaToxeBov 
icpdvif) otc GY][xatv£t etc; tov 'AXe^avBpov Xa^xpoTYjTa, ogtk; dva^JuptGSYjTYjTGx; 
epieXXe vd y.aTaXd6fl tyjv ^aGtXetav tyjc; 'Agiqcc;, exetBYj <xutyjv ty)v gtoXy)v 6 
Aapetoq yjto evBeBu^ivoq ot£ wvo^daOYj gaatXeuq. Kal touc; dpxaiouq o(w- 
vou<; elxov dvaxaXeGet, oxcx; Bwgouv e^YjyYjGtv tou 6vetpou* Bioti IgxIxtovto 
^Tt 6 Aapdoc; ev dpxf] tyj? Yjye^ovtac; Bt£Ta£e vd ^£Ta6\Yj0-fi y^ n£pGty,Y) ^90- 
Gyjxy] tou dxtvdxou e!? to 't'Btov GX^^a to oxotov ot "EXXyjvec; ^£T£xetptt^ovTo* 
exTOTe Be ot XaXBalot e^YjyYjGav 0Tt yj Yjye^ovta twv IlepGwv 0£>,£t [i£Ta6^ 
eiq e^efvouq twv oxotwv TaoxXa elxov lit[JLY]0YJ otllepGat. "AW^qis <xui6q, 
xal Btd tyjv dxdvTYjGtv twv yidvTewv, yj oxota BteBtBeTO e(c; tov ox^ov xal Btd 
t6 ovetpov t6 oxotov y.a0' uxvov elBe Xtav xeptxapYjc;, BtotTaTTet vd x.tvYjO'n 6 
GTpaTOc; etc; tov EucppaTYjv. 

KaTd xaTptov e0oc; twv IlepGCOv oOTOt lc;£GTpaT£Uov ^ovov jxeTd ty)v dva- 
toXy^v TouYjXtou. "HBY]9G)TetVYjc;ouGY]c; tyj? Yj^epac; eBt BeTO t6 GYj^etov Btd tyjc; 
^axdvY]? i% tyjc; gxyjvy^c; tou gaGt^Ewq. 'Ext ty]c; g7.yjvyjc;, 6x60ev xap' oXwv 
YjBuvaTO vd ^XexYjTat, eXa^xev etxwv tou f]X(ou, KpUGTaXX^ ^yxexXetG^evYj. 
*H Be Tdc;t<; tou GTpaTeu^otToc; y^to TotauTYj. To xup, to oxotov auTol 6vo- 
yux£,ov tepov xat atwvtov, ixo^tt,£TO ixt dpyupdc; iGxdpa? ux' dvBpwv xpoxo- 
p£uojJL£V(ov, ot Be x^YjGteGTaTot xpo<; ocut6 jjLdyot e^aXXov t6 xaTptov dGpia. 
Touq yidyouq yjxoXou0ouv TpiaxoGtot xat e^Yjx.ovTa xevTe veot, ivBeBuyievot 
(potvtx.o6a(p^ IvBupiaTa, 'tGOt t6v aptO^xov ^e Tac; ^epac; oXou tou eTOuq. AtoTt 
x,al 6x6 twv IlepGwv BtYjp£0Yj t6 etoc; £t<; togocc; YjpL£pa<;. "Ex£tTa t9jv acpt£po)- 
^jlIvyjv e(c;T6v Ata<zixac;av eGUpov Xeuxot \'xxot* toutouc; YjxoXou0et Yxxo<; d?6- 



60 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAESANAPOY 

Xou (leyeOou?, tov oxolov wvo^ia^ov Yxxov tou 'HXtou' ^pucaT pd6Bot xal 
Xeuxd xaXu^aTa exoa[Aouv tou<; aupovTa<; txxouq. "Oxt ^axpdv ^aav 
Bexa 6x*0^aTa, yieTd xoXXou ^puaoij xat dpyupou TopveuTa. 'HxoXouOet 
Be TauTa to txxtxov BwBexa eOvwv [kk. Btdcpopa oxXa xat YJOog. KaToxtv exo- 
peuovTO ot xaXou^evot ux& twv Ilspawv dOdvaTot, eax; Bexa x i ^ l ^es. *H 
utoX^ tyq gap6apt5tij<; Buvd^eax; Bev i%6a\xzi aXXouq piaXXov* exeTvoc 
Xpuad xeptBepata, exelvot evBu^aatav xpucoxotxtXTOv efyov xat x £t P^ WT °u<; 
XtT&vaq, extxexocrjjnq^evouc; xpoaeTt Btd xoXuTeX&v XtOwv. 'Ev oXtyy Bta- 
ffTY)^aTi yjxoXouGouv Bexa xat xevTe ^tXtdcSe<; dvOpwxwv, Toug oxotouc; xaXou- 
at auyyevelq tou<; gaatXeax;. Touto Be to xXfj6o<; yuvatxecwc; axeBov *exo- 
a^Y]pievov ^to e?oxov (idXXov xaTa ttjv xoXuTeXetav xapd xaTa Ta xaXd oxXa. 
Aoputpopot exaXouvxo ol xXfjatlaTaTot toutwv d'vBpeq, xpowptapiivot vd xpa- 
Twat ttjv SaatXtxTjv xXa^uBa. Outos xpoexopeuovTO TYJq a[Kx^r\q tou 6a<7t- 
Xewc;, ex! i^q oxotaq aiiToc; e£oxo<; wxelTO. 'ExaTepav Be xXeupdv tyj<; djJid- 
^f]q exoc^ouv e^oxa dydX^aTa 6ewv ex xpucou xat dpyupou, ot <7Tt'X6ovTe<; Be 
xoXuTeXet<; XtOot xa6(<7TG)VxaTa<pav7) Tov^uyovexTou oxotou e^elxov Buoxpu- 
cd dydXpiaTa XY]x ua * a > sx tg>v oxocwvto (lev ev xaptsTa ttjv etxova touNcvou, 
to Be eTspov ttjv tou BtjXou. MeTa^u BeTOUTWv ecxov xpocap^xoaet xpuaouv 
deTov [ie TeTa^xeva Td XTepd. 

*H ctoXt) tou SaatXewg pieTa^u oXwv twv xoXuTeXetwv -rJTO dljca <nq[jie:a)- 
aetoq. To ^ecrov tou xoptpupou x^tovo<; yjto evucpaa^xevov Xeuxov. _ T6v Btd 
Xpucou xexotxtX[Aevov xoBtjpt) x tT ^ va exexoa^ouv xpuuol tepaxeg, otTtveq Btd 
twv pa[j.cp6>v cuvexXexovTO xpo<; dXkri'kouq. KfBaptv 0! Ilepaat exdXouv to 
6a<riXtx6v t^<; xe<paX^c; aYjpielov, oxep xuav^ Tatvca (xeTd Xeuxou xotxcX^xaToq 
xepteBee. To Be ox^^a Y]xoXou0ouv Bexax^^^ £< 5 Bopu9opwv, e<pepov B* ou- 
Tot BopaTa ^.ev Be' dpyupou xexoa^.Y]^eva, X6yx a ?^ XP U<7 4> "Jupojxexigy^e- 
va<;' ex Be^twv xa! e£ dptaTepwv xapT]xoXo60ouv tov 6aatXea Bcaxoatot cxe- 
Bo'v euyeveaTaTOt ex twv CTevwv auyyevwv tou. Toutwv to xXf]0o<; xeptexu- 
xXouto uxo TptdxovTa x^XidBwv xe^tov, tou<; 6xocou<; TfjxoXouSouv Teaaapd- 
xovTa Vxxot tou 6a<jtXeo)q. "ExetTa ev BtaaTYj^aTt evo<; ctgcBcou, d^xa^a e- 
xo^Lt^e ttjv ^LY]Tepa tou Aapecou StauyapLBtv, xat ev dXXw dppiaTt ^to ^ cu^u- 
yo<; auTou. nXfj0o<; yuvatjttov cuvwBeuev iy' txxtov Tdq Becxotvaq twv dxo- 
XouOouvtwv. 'HxoXouOouv xaToxtv BexaxevTS d^a^at Td<; oxotag wvo^a^ov 
dp^a^.d$a<;. 'EvToq auTWV ^<jav Ta Texva tou SactXeox; xat 0! xatBayw- 
yot ocutwv xat twv euvouxwv to xX-fjOoq, ouyl xdvu euTeXe? ec<; exelva Ta e0vY). 
"ExetTa ^xo[x(^ovto at 6aatXtxat xaXXaxat, Tpcaxoatat xat e^YjxovTa, xat au- 
Ta! ^.eTa 6actXtx^<; evBujxaata<; xat xaXXcoxta^ou. MeTd TauTa? Be e^axo- 
atot ^tovot xatTptaxoutat xd[XY]Xot ex6[xt^ov Ta xp^aTa tou SaatXeox;, <ppou- 
pd<; to?otwv xapaxoXou0ouaY]<;. nXYjateaTaTa Be xp6<; to aTpaTSU^ia touto 
e^xo^t^ovTO at twv auyyevwv xat twv <ptX(ov cru^uyot xat to xXyj6o<; twv ecpOo- 
xwXwv xat twv cxeuo<p6p(ov. "EaxaTOt ^cav ^eTa twv dpx^y&v twv ot e*Xa- 
(ppw; wx7a<j(xevot. TouvavTtov edv iiq to twv MaxeBovtov GTpaTeuiAa i]6eX€ 




X 

I- w 
r< 

§ 1 

3 s 

8 

< 3 

L- M 

III ^ 
5 > 



Ul I 
Q. 

o H 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 61 

xapaTTjpfjayj, tjOsXsv JBst oTt T) 'otyu; auTou tjto Btd<popo<;* BtoTt ot Yxxot xat ot 
dvBps^auTou Bev IXa^xov Bid tou xpuaroO xa£ tyj<; xocxiXy)<; eVGtjto*;, dXXd Bid 
toO ctBifjpou xal tou x<*Xxou. t Hto CTpaToq etoi[jlo<; xal vd ¥<7T<XTat xal v' 
dxoXou0fi, outs yis oxXov outs y.s dxo<jxsud<; 6xsp6s6apY]^svo<;, xpoasxwv oxt 
(xovov e?s t& auv6if)[xa tou aTpaTTgyou, dXXd xa! dq to xvsupia. Kal dq to 
CTpaToxsBov 6 toxos %al dq tov CTpaTov at ^woTpocpfat ^xyj pxouv. "O0EV dxo 
tou 'AXs^dvBpou iv Tfl xapaTa^st ouBecq CTpaTiu>TY)<; sXsi(|;sv. *0 Be Aapst- 
o<;,to<joj xXY)0ouq 6a<7tX£u<;, evsxaTfjqcTsvoxwpta^TouToxou, ^xItou 6xo(^ 
ou e'xoXEUvrjaE, cruvsaTdXyj xp6 Ti]<; 6Xiy6tyjto<; ttjv oxotav s'v Ttp s*x^PV e ^X s 
xaTa<ppovi?)(j£t. 

'Ev to) y.£Ta^u o 'AXs^avBpog, xaTa<7TT)<7a<; xpot<JTd[i.svov tyj<; KaxxaBo- 
xta? tov 'AStaTa^eviQVjextOupLwv Tirjv KiXtxcav £<p0aff£ ^s0' ok-qq ir\q GTpaTt- 
d<; sf<; ttjv x<*>P«v> ^ 6xo(aixaX£tTO CTpaToxsBov tou Kupou. 

'ExsT 6 Kupo<; saxs CTa0^Lou<;, ots e£s<7TpdT£Usv dq ttjv AuBtav xaTd tou 
Kpotcou. Auty) Bs t) x^P a dxslxs xsvTTjxovTa GTaBca dxo tt)<; xapoBou, Sid 
TTjsoxotasetespxo^sQa sc<;Tirjv KtXtxtav*ot xaTotxot Xsyouat IIuXaqTdc; cts- 
vo>TaTa<; Bt6Bou<;TT}<;<pu(7txT)c;6s<JSG)<; tjtk; ex^t 6xupa)^aTa ofjiocaxpo<; e'xscva 
Ta oxota Bid ttj<; x st P^S xaTacxEud^o^sv. *0 'Apad^Tjc; Xotxov, o<jtc<; -rjp- 
XS ttj<; KtXix(a<;, dvaXoyt^o^Evo^ tI iv ttj dpxf] tou xoXejaou 6 Me^jlvwv elxs 
cru^6ouXEuast, TTjvauToucwTTjpiov cu^6ouXtjv axstpdacas vd i-KTeXiar)' ipruiol 
oOsv T^)V KiXtxcav Bid xupoc; xal ctBifjpou, tva xapoucidqfjEic; tov i%Qpbv 
ipYj^iav' xat xaTa<7Tp£<psi o,ti Byjxots BuvaTat vd elvat xp6<; %gficiv, Bid v' 
dcpiqqf) axapxov xat yu^vov to eBaqjoq, t6 oxotov Bev igBuvaTO vd BtaTiQpTQc:^. 
'AXXd xoXu d)cp£Xt[X(OT£pov ^to vd xaTa^d6fl Td aT£vd Tfjq xapoBou ty)<; dyou- 
ar)<; sc<; t^jv KtXty.(av xai vd y,a0£?if) ttjv dp^oBfox; £xt/,p£(xa^£VYjv Tfj 6B (p xopu- 
9f)V, 6x60£v d6Xa6Y)<; Od-rjBuvaTO Y) vd d|xxoB((Jif) y) vdzaTaxtiarj t6v s*x£px6[jL£- 
vov ^x^P ov * dcpiQaaq Xoixov Yva <puXdTTO)at Tdq dTpaxouq, ocut6<; ^x^P^^sv 
6x(jco, xop8Y]TT)(; tt]<; yt)<; ttjv oxotav w(p£tXs vd dxaXXd^Tj dx6 Tovix^pov. 
0! iYY.ata.'kziyftiv'zec, y-aTOtxot vo^faavTEc; otc ixpoB60Y)aav ouBs tt^v o^tv tou 
s^Opou" Bev icxuuav vd uxo^xstvwatv, ^vyxat dXt^WTSpot d'v t^cav 0d irjBuvavTO 
vd xpaTTjawat t6v toxov. 

*H KtXtxta x£ptxX£t£Tat 6x6 cuv£xouq pdxsw? Tpaxio? xal c«xot6[jlou 
opoug f) oxoca Btojv dvu^ouTat dxo if\q ©aXdccYjq, x£xupT6)(X£VTj, ax; Bid tivo<; 
x.6Xxou %<x\ %a[xxtl<;, xdXtv ^ixet st? Bid<popov x>,£updv. Et<; T-rjv pdxtVTau- 
TTjv, %a! s^xst oxo u Td [LdXiata £faxwp£t stq tt^v 0dXaaaav, uxdpxouat Tp£lq e'i- 
aoBot Tpaxefat otal Xtav CTSvat, Sta TYjg ixta<; twv oxotwv staspxovTat elq tt?)v 
KtXtx(av. Elvat Be auTY] xeBtv-J) y.a0' S {lEpog Elvat eVrpapipiEVY) xp6<; ttjv 0d- 
Xaaaav, xal tt^v xsBtdBa auTY]<; Btappsouat Bid xuxvwv Btaxs%pt[xsv(ov p£c0pwv 
o? e*x(cTjjJioi xoTa^ol riupajjioc; xal KuBvoq. *0 KuBvo<; Etvat d^t6Xoyo«; ouxt 
BtaTT^vsupuTTQTa twv uBaTwv, dXXd Btd TTjvxa0ap6TT)Ta* Bt6Tttx£TJauxovpouv 
d^spxETat s*x twv XYjywv 9sp6(JL£vo<; Bed xa0apou dBa9ou<;' outs xet(iappot ela- 
6dXXouctv elq auT^v, oYtivec; vd TapaTTwai t^v xoittjv tou Tjpitxa peovto^ uBa- 



62 ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

to<; to oxolov elvai BtauyECTaTOV yat ^uxpotoctov* 6 xot<x^o<; ouioq ^.ETd xoX- 
Xy}(^ xdpiTog pewv £x6dXX£t et<; tyjv 0dXaa<jav. 

'0 'AXe^avBpos el(j£px£Tat et<;Td axeva ty)<; pdx£w<; Ta oxotoc 6vo^d£ov- 
TatlluXat. ©EtopYjaag Be tyjv 0£<Jtv tg>v toxwv Xsyexat oti aXXoxe Sev d6au- 
piaas xsptacoTEpovTYjv suTuxtav tou* cb^oXoYTQae §eoTtY}B6vaToy.alvdKaTa- 
XtGoSoXYjGf^, eav uxtjpxov E'yETvot, oYtivs? yj0£Xov dxoypouast Touq dx£pxo[i.£-- 
vou<;. *H bhbq [ib'kiq Tsccrapaq dvoxXoix; e^wpst. *H pdxt£ tou opoug ^xs- 
xpl[iaTO tyj oBcp ou ^xovov CTSvfj dXXd &<; ext to xoXu yal dxoTojJKp, xuxvwv 
pudytov xsptx^avcopiivtov iv aiiTfj, oYtive? peouctv iv, twv uxwpecwv tg>v dpe- 
tov. Toug ©payac; o^w? e^acppax; (bxXta^svouq elxe BtaTd^£t vd xpoxopeu" 
wvTat yat vd E^ETd^uxrt Tag aTpaxouq, piyjxgx; yeypu^Evog ^xGpog ^?eX0(bv 
Y50e).£V£xix£ffY)y,aTdT(ovix£pxotJi£V(ov. KalTWVTo^OTwvTox^YiGoqelxe xaxa- 
Xd&£t tyjv xopiKpTjv* ouTot eIxov £VT£Ta[A£va Ta To£a, BtaT£Tayti£vot vd tATj eta- 
eXSgxtcv auTol e!<; tyjv oBov, dXV £tg tyjv pidxYjv. TotouTOTpoxox; to CTpaT£u- 
\L(X icp6aa£V etc; ttjv xoXtv Tapaov, eiq ttjv oxotav tot£ pidXtCTa o! Ilipaat £6a- 
Xovxup, Yva ^LTj 6 &%Qpbq elaSdXfl EtgTYjv xXouctav xoXtv. 

'AXX' ixeivog, xpoaxo<JTE£Xa<; t6v Ilap^Evtova Btd v* dvayoij;Yj «rijv xup- 
yat'dv ^L£Td xpox£^pou cTpaTtomyfjc; Buvd^q, dcp' ou £^a0£v oti ot 6dp6apo t 
Btd Tijg IxeXeucewc; tcov (Btywv tou ^TpaxYjcav elq cpuyYjv, etCEpxeTat etc; ty^v 
ux' auTOU cwOelcrav Tapuov. 

Tyjv MrjBcav BtappeEt 6 KuBvog xoTa^6<;, XEpt tou oxotou xpo 6Xtyou iXi- 
x6y]*t6ts y^to 6epoc;— tou oxotou f) GEp^oTYjgouxtdXXYjv x^pav (AdXXovxapd 
tyjv Tfjg KtXtxtag Btd T-rjg 0£p^6tyjto<; to u YjXto u y.aTayat£t— yat yj px^sv y) 0£p- 
pioTdTY) copa tyjc; Yj^Epag. T6v ^£ yovtv «^a T£ y.al tBpoka xaTeaxiXwyisvov 
hccaiXia. xpo£%dX£a£V yj Bca<pdv£ta tou xotcz^iou Yva Xoucyj to jjlIxpitouBeGep- 
[jiov (jw^ia. w O0sv dxoSaXwv tyjv gtoXyjvtou xpo tou CTpaTou,y.aTa6acv£i eiq 
t6v xoTajiov. MoXk; Be £iafjX0£V, a'tcpVYj? t« ^jieXy] tou Y^pxtaav vd piytoaiv 
uxo 9p(%Yj?' £X£iTa d)Xpo^Y]q Bt£xu0Y], y.at y^ ^(dtixy) 6£p[xoTr;<; xaT£Xtx£V oXov 
ax£B6v to cw^ia. Ot uxY]p£Tat E'xSdXXoucriv ocutov hia T^q x £t P 0< ? cxeBov^ 
lx,xv£0VTa y.al E'xavacplpouaiv £t<; ty)v gxyjvyjv. MEytdTYj cppovTiq xat gx£B6vyjBy] 
0pYJvoq £X£7.paT£t e'v t (I) CTpaToxeBtp. KXafovT£<; £pL£[npt^ofpouv, otc, iv TO- 
aauTYj opLLY) xa! epopqe twv xpay^dTtov, xavTO<; ai&voq %<x\ plvy]^jlyj<; £vBo£6t(xto<; 
6aat),£u^ £^eXX£ v* d9apxaa0-n xou dxo0dvYj oux^ SeSata ev ^dxT), oux^ ux' 
iX0pou y-aTaSXr^etc;, dWa Bioti IXouae Bt* uBaTog to awpta. Nd ixIXOyj 6 
AapeTog vt/.r^TYji;, xptv y) \'By) tov i%Qg6v ! Nd y,aTaXd6iQ Bt' 4auT6v TauTa? 
Tdqx ( ^P a ^> T ^ < ^° x0 ^ a< ' BidTfj? vfy.Y]<;Yj0£Xov BteX0fl ! Tlq 6eXst Bcoa£tT6cjuv- 
Or^aEtcjTou^cpEUYOVTOtq; TUOsXetToXjjLTjaY] vd BiaBexO"^ tov 'AXi^avBpov; 

"Hcyj Vva EtaBuawat Btd ty}<; 9uy^<; etq tov *EXXyj(txovtov x\q 0£>,£t xpoe- 
TOt^da£t t6v gtoXov Btd tou oxofou vd [xeTaSwatv iyet; 

'Ev T(p y.£Ta?u y) dvaxvo-fj Yjpxtae vd ytveTat £Xeu0£pG)Tepa. '0 Baat- 
Xsu<; Yjvot^e tots Toug d^OaX^ouq yal y.aT' o'Xtyov ajveXGwv stxsv dvayvwpt- 
ast Touq x£pt£aTG)Taq 91X0U?. 



UTOPIA TOT MEFAAOY AAESANAPOT 63 

'H Xuxyj o[u*)q Bt£6t6pw<rx£ [Leyd'kuq tyjv tpux^v tou, BtoTt ttjyyIXXeto 
oxc 6 Aapsto<; tyjv xI^xtyjv r^spav e^eWe vd <p0dafl etc; KtXtxtav. v O0ev 6 
'AXe^avBpo*;, Tpeu^wv jjiyjxw<; X^T) ^o^ov (jLsydXYjv vixyjv £x twv x^cpwv tou, 
u;y)xwc; guXXy)<p0yj atx^dXwToc; yj eupfl dBoc;ov xat dq^avij 0dvaTov e*v Tfj cxyjvjj, 
wBupsTO. KaXsaac; Be xap' auxw tou<; <ptXou<; xal tou<; laigouq tou «BXI- 
xsts, tou? slxsv, etc; xotav cjTty^Yjv tou GTaBtou [lou \xe xaTaBtwxet Y) TU^Y) ! 
Nojju^w oti dxouw xpoTov twv sx0ptxwv oxXwv xat eyw oaTt<; ixtvYjaa t6v x6- 
Xs^ov toutov yjByj xpoxaXouu.at etg auTov. *0 AapsTo? Xotxov, ote to<jov 
uxspYjcpavov extaToXYjv eypacps xpoq i[Lk, el%e au[i6ouXeu6Yi e^dxavToq ty^v tu- 
Xyjvjjlou. 'AXX' £tg |idTY]V iuocXocCsi. ©a 0epaxeu0w ex tyj<; voao u oxwq eyw 
yvwpt^w. Td 6paBea <pdp^axa xat tou? 6paBet<; taTpouq Bev xepttievouatv 
al xeptaTaaetc; ^jlou, xat xpOTty.w vd dxo0dvw BpacTtxwq xapd vd dvappwaw 
SpaBewc;. "O0sv edv xau^ta 6oYj0eta xat xa^uJa te^vy] Bev uxdpxet tx£Ta^u 
twv taTpwv, oiq [xd0Y] 6 xoa^og oTt eyw oxt touov tou 0avaTOU, ocovtou xoXi- 
jjlou to cpdp^axov £,yjtw)). 

01 acpoBpot ouTot Xoyoi tou 'AXe^dvBpou elq tAeytaTYjv dvYjauxtav et%6v 
ey.6dXet xdvTaq' o0ev exaaToc; ec; auTwv Yjpxtse vd gu[jl6ou^£uyj t6v BaatXeav' 
dcp£0fj elq tyjv 0epaxetav twv taTpwv , ^lyjxw<; Bed tyj<; <txouByj<; extBetvwa?} tyjv 
0eatv tou. Td dv£^£Ta<JTa cpdp^axa Td e0ewpouv xat Btxatw? uxoxTa, BtoTt 
6 £X0po? xapwp^a xat dv0pwxou<; etc; tyjv xaTacrrpocpYjVTOu Baat)vew<;. 7 Hto 
Be yvwaTov, oti 6 AapeToc; elxe xd^et xpoxYjpu^tv OTt Yj0eXe Bwaet elq tov cpo- 
vea tou 'AXe^dvBpou xiXioi TaXavTa. 

MsTa^u Bs twv taTpwv tou 6aacXlwc; supfaxsTO xat Ttq e^ 'Axapvavfag 
"EXXyjv, xaXou^svog ^iXtxxoq. Nyjxi60ev outo<; exiaxsxTo^svoc; tov 'AXe- 
^avBpov, tov Yjydxa wg ulov, vuv B' E0£wpY](T£ xdvTfl dxpsxsq xal dvd^tov tou 
XapaxTYJpoc; tou vd iyxaTaXsf^Y) tov SaatXsa, cpoSou^svoq ^jlyj ext£0^ ejq xpo- 
awxcxov Tcva xfvBuvov, o0ev %<xl xdaav xspl lauTOU dxoppt^aq <jxl<piv, 6x£- 
(7X^0*0 vd BwaY) £t<; tov 'AXi^avBpov BpaaTYjptov Tt cpdp^Jiaxov, oxep 6e6a{wq 

YJ0£X£V £V£pyY)(J£t XaT« TYJV ixt0U[XCaV OCUTOU dXXd Xal XaXlV £^Y]TYJCr£TptYJ(JL£- 

pov xpo0£a[xfavoxw(; xpoxapaaxEudaY) ocuto. KalxdvTEgpLEV^ET' ivBota- 
<j\Lo\J yjxouovto xpdypia, dXk* 6 *AXe5av8po<;X(avTupo06yLG)<; eB£X^ Y ) T 'C v, ^po- 
Taatv tou taTpou, Xuxoujjlevo*; jjlovov OTt "tjto Yjvayxaa^lvo*; vd iyxaTa^Ef^Yj 
tyjv BiotXYjatv twv <7TpaT£U(JLdTwv i%\ Tpdg Yj^lpaq, auyxpovwq Bl Xa^6dv£t 
ixtaxoX-fjv xapd tou iv KaxxaBoxca Btau^vovToq, w<; eYpiQTai, riap^Evcwvoq, 
Bt' yj<; tw £u.Yjvua£V outo<; vd xpo<puXd<7<TY}Tat dxo tou taTpou TOU ^tXtxxou, 
elq ov 6 Aap£lo<; ux£ax£0Yj xiXia TaXavTa xat au^uyov Yjy£|xov(Ba Ttvd, d'v s- 
GTEpysv outo<; vd Br^YjTYjptdaYj tov 'AXi^avBpov. Kat xaT' dpxdq [Lev, <pu- 
atxy tw Xoyw, yj e't8if)(ji<; xaT£Tapa?£ tov 'AXI^avBpov. Ttvoc; evexev 6 
IIapu.£vtwv vd ypd^YjTotauTYjv £xtaTO>,Yjv; IT60£V£Xa6£Tdc;x£ptTOUTou xXyj- 
poqjoptac;, xat xotac; el%ev d^toxtaTouq ^LapTuptag xaTa tou <i>t>axxou; 'AX- 
Xd xalToaauTYjv dy' £T£pou el^ev i^xtaToauvYjv xat x£xo(0Yjatv £y.veapaqi)'ki- 
xtac^EtgTov^tXtxxov, waT£OuB' dXaxtaTYjv uxovotavYjBuvaTo vdau"XXd6Yj xaT* 



64 ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

auTOu. MyjBsv B' etc; ouBeva twv cptXwv tou Btaxotvcjaac; icepl toutou, expu- 
^s tyjv IxtaToXYjv 6x6 to xpoaxecpdXatov. 

Tyjv xpoaBtwpia^evYjv TQ^epav 6 4>tXtxxoc; et<jepx £Tat etc; tyjv xXtvYjv tou 
6aatXeo)<; <pepwv to <pdp[iax.ov s'vtoc; xoTYjptou. 'Ev tg[> d[Jia B' 6 'AXec;av- 
Bpoq iyxeipiaaq t^jv £xtaToXY)v tou Ilap^evtwvoc; etc; t6v 4>tXtxxov, auToq 
Xayi6dv(i>v to xoTYjptov extvev ckapaxox; to cpdppiaxov. 2uyxtvYjTtx.(i)TdTYj Be 
t6tc BtaBpajxaTt^eTczt cxyjvyj. *0 jiev 'AXsc;avBpoc; ^Gewpet tov 3>(Xtxxov Btd 
6Xeu.^aTOc; tXapou y.a! xXyjpyjc; xtaTeox; *at Gdppouq, 6 Be 3>tXtxxoc; taTaTO 
dxopwv ext Tfj dXXo7,oT(p TauTYj auxocpavTta* xat OTe ^Jtev dvu^wv Tag %€ig<xq 
etc; Ta dva), ixexaXetTO touc; Geouc; jxdpTupac; tyjc; dGwoTYjToc; tou, OTe Be (xeTd 
Baxputov xpocjxtxTwv etc; tyjv xXtvYjv tou 'AXe^dvBpou, tov xapexdXet vol: 
dxo6dXYjxdaav Cixotjuav, xa.l vd exfl tiiya Gdppog iiixtaTeu6(ievoc; oXojgBto- 
Xou etc; auTov. 

Kat xaT* dpxdc; ytiv outg> Statu? to cpap^axov exevrjpyYjaev etc; tov 6aat- 
Xea, wciTe ecpatvovTO (be; BtxatoXoyo6[ievai at xaTa tou taTpou xaTYjyoptac tou 
IlaptJLevttovoc;, oBuvYjpot Be BtaXoyta^ot ev Tfj ec^d^et auTOu wz€i%ov to xveu- 
\xol tou xdaxovTOc;' y.at bik [ih tw eveGu^ov tyjv piYjTspa (xpo xdvTwv) xai 
Tag dBsXcpdc; tou, OTe Be tw dvexoXouv touc; veavtxouc; xpovoug tou, y.<x\ yjByj 
xdXtv ecpspov etc; tov vouv auToO tyjv Xa^xpdv v(xyjv, YjTtg yjto xexeta^lvog oti 
ocov ouxw e^eXXe vd cjtI^yj touc; Gptd^Souc; tou' 6 Be <J>tXtxxoc; wg dyyeXog 
xapYjyopoc; xaptaxdyievoc; xap' auT(I>, etc; Tepxvdc; xal euapeaToug auT&v £xa- 
vecpepsv dva^VYjaetc;. 

TeXog Be to cpap^axov BteBtoxe xat Btlxuaev etc; Tag <pXs6a<; tou xda^ov- 
toc; tyjv Buva^tv Tijg uyetag, %a\ 6 BacrtXsug dveXa6e xavTaxactv. 'EvTog B' 
oXtywv Yj^spwv 6 'AXe^avBpog ecpdvirj etc; touc; CTpaTtcoTag, o'tTtvsg Bev exau- 
ov vd ptxTwatv eV auTou 6Xs^aTa x a pdg xat dyaXXtdaewg* y.at xdvTsg aua- 
awpeuGevTsg xsptg" tou ysvvafou taTpou auvexatpov auTov ^£Ta ^wYjpoTdTYjc; 
xapatpopdc;, wc; BiaTYjpYjaavTaTrjv ^wyjvtou xsptxoG-rjTou dpx^you auTwv. 

Tyjv (leyaXocppova TauTY]V xexofGr^atv tou 'AXsc^dvBpou etc; tov ^tXtxxov 
Bsv IXei^av vd ^yxo)[xtdao)cjtv, ox; etxoc;, extaY]^ot taxopixot, aptaxot Be t,o)- 
ypdfpot eXa6ov auTY)v &q uxoGsatv eucpuouc; xat cpavTaatwBouc; ^pyaatac;. 

'Atp' exlpou Be xat 6 Aapsloc; tov Gdvaiov tou Me^vtovoc; jxaGwv, jxeyav 
(juvayetpac; aTpaxov ev BaSuXwvt, YjTot^d^eTO vd Bta6f) tov EucppaTYjv xoTa- 
tAov, y.at tjByj xoX£(JLty.6v ^£Ta tojv auXtxwv tou auvey.p6Tr ; cre au^SouXtov, au- 
^twvttjv yvwpiiQv auTwv xspt twv jjLeTpwv otTtva tocpetXe vd Xd6Yj y.aTa to u au- 
GdBouc; vsavtou, tou toX^jlwvtoc; vd TapaTTY] tyjv Yjaux^av tou ^eydXou 6aatXI- 
wc;. Kat xdvTSc; \xkv ot dXXot e'ke xoXaxeuovTeq auTov, e'tTe BetXtwvTec; vd 
tw e'txwai tyjv dX-fjGstav tov IvsGdppuvav ^£ydX(oc;, xaptcjTwvTeg etg auTov oti 
d^a cpavfj dxevavTt tou 'AXsc^dvBpou yj vt.xYj GeXst elvat SeSatoTaTYj. 

MovoqB'o etqllepatav /.aTacpuywv 'AGYjvaloqaTpaTYjyoc;, dvrjp (pYj^o^evoc; 
Ixl dvBpstaxal o*TpaTYjyt/,fj d[xx£tpta, Bev eXst^e vdau^SouXsuaYj tov AapeT- 
ov dpGoTaTa, xapaaxYjaac; etc; auTov oti at Xa[jixpat xpoxapaaxsuat 7,atT6 [xs- 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 65 

ya xXtjGoc; twv dvBpwv, o'ug auvTjyayev tjBtj, Tjaav txavol v a IxtXiq ijcoatv d'X- 

Xou?, oux^ B£ xal tou<; MaxeBovaq, oiTiveq tocoutov Tjaav ^TjaxTj^evoi d<; Ta 
tou xoXe[Aou, waTS xai 6 dxXouq auTwv <jTpaTia>TTj<; el/e ttjv e^xetptav ^eyd- 
Xou aTpaTTjyou. 'AvdyxTj Xoixov, xpoaeGeaev 6 \AGTjvaco<;, vd xe^Tjq e ^ 
tov TuoXe^ov GTpaTov, if; exaT&v yiovov xiXtaBwv dvBpwv auyxec^evov, ou to 
Tptxov o^jlo)? vd elvat w EX)oqve<; (juaGoqwpoc, £y(b B' dvaXati6dvG> T-fjv CTpaTTj- 
ycav, iyy\j&y.evoq vd axoxe^to xaxox; exovTa tov 'AXe^avBpov dx ttj<; 'A- 
afaq. Kat 6 (JL£V AapeTo<;Tjxouaev £u^£vg)<;tou<; XoyouqTOu 'AGiqvacou, dXV 
ot aaxpdxai oaov ouxto t&v exetaav vd dXXd^yj yvw^nqv xapaarfjaavTe*; etq au- 
tov OTt 6 £evo<; ouxoq xpoTeivei vd yecvfi aTpaTTjyoc;, 6pey6{Jievoc; vd xpoBwqfj 
ttjv Ilspdav £tq tou? MaxsBovag* dyavaxTTjaas 8' ixt toutcp 6 "EXXtjv xal 
xpo^avax; ££oveiB(aa<; ttjv t£ dXa^ovefav xal ttjv dvavBpfav twv Ilepatov, xpog 
TOUTOiq B£ xal to Ilspaixov ^syaXsTov xai to ^iXotc^jiov £va>xiov tou taoikitnq 
xpoa6aXa>v, outcd BuaTjpeaTTjas xal xapupyiae tov Aapelov, &gt£ dxoaxdaac; 
(outo?) ttjv ^wvtjv auTou, BieTa^e vd tov axoxe^aXfawaiv. 'Axayo^evo? 8' 
6 'AGiqvaToc; <7TpaTTjyo<; elq ttjv xaTaBcxTjv tou, Xfav xaGT)Tix<I)<; dve66a oti 6 
Aapdoq GeXst ^eTavoTjaei Bid tov GdvaTov tou. «'IBou stoc^o? YaTocTai 6 iv.- 
Bixtjttj<;(jiou ! xaTa<ppovTjaa<; Ta<; cu^6ouXd<; ^iou GIXsk; TtyitopTjGfj xap'auTou 
ixscvou, %gbq 6Xoc6tqv tou 6xotou ae cuveSouXeuaa, xal xap' auTou GeXetq l§fi 
ttjv xaTaXuaiv ttjc; 6aaiXe£a<; aou». Kal T(povTi Bev e6pdBuvev 6 Aapsloqxt- 
y.pdq vd pisTavoTjaT) xal vd (is^cpGfj eauTov [jitj dxouaaq Ta<; <ppov(tiouq au|x6ou- 
Xd<; tou "EXToqvoq. Ou yiiy.p6v 8' £vsy.a toutou Tapaacojjisvoc; Ixtots 6x6 
dxaiatwv dvetpwv, gu^vaxic; x,aG' uxvouq I6Xsxev oti t6 (jTpaToxsBov twv Ma- 
xeBovwv (JLSTSTpdxY) ziq Tpojxspdv xupxa'tdv, xat oti 6 'AXe^avBpoq dv aToXfj 
risptjcxf) BtY)px£TOTdc;dyutd<;Tf)<;Ba6uXG)voc;7.at (jlst' 6Xfyov iy(v£TO dq^avTO*; 
xalTaTotauTa, axtva o^jko^xocI o! ^avTetq auTou xdvTOTs i^Yjyouv xp6<;TO gu[l- 
qplpov tou Aapstou. 

'Ev TOUTOtq B* oi Ilepcat Blv exauuav ^touvtsc; cTpaTYjyov e^xecpov xa? 
d^toxpswv, ogtc<; vd ScaBex^f) ^ v YjyepLovfav tou Ms^jlvovo<; %cd vaXaSr) tt?)V 
dpxiQytavTou CTpaTou'xalxpocwptvdx; ^ev ^vexptGiq 6 ulogTou MevTopog Xu- 
^LwvBaq, dWa. %<zi xdXtv iv xoXepuxa) gujjlSouXc q> dxecpacrfaGig vaTsG^ ^xl %e- 
<fa\riq TouiGvcxou aTpocTou auToq 6 Aapsloq, y.a.1 vd ^xsXGyj d^eaox; xaTaTWV 
MaxeBovwv, xwXuwv tyjv elq ttjv dvw 'Aafav s(<76oXtjv aiiTtov. 'AW elx^v 6 
Tjyeixwv outoc; Xd6et yvwaiv Tiva twv xpaxTtxwv (AaGTj^dT<ov, aTiva xp^Ttvwv 
dTwv ^B6GTj<javet<;Tou<; xpoxaToxouq'Tou xaxd tov MapaGwva, ttjv SaXapuva 
xal Tat; IlXaTaids; AuffTuxw? s!q Ta 'Actavd sGvtj oi auXtxol xpuxTouct 
(juvtjGgx; t"?jv d^TjGetav dxo to>v T^ys^ovwv twv. 

Meyav Xoixov auvayefpa? CTpaTov 6 Aapslog cxeuBet vd Tt(xci)pTj<7Tj t6v au- 
GdBTj veov, %<x\ t^Btq xpoaspxeTat xaTd tou ix^gou ^£Td cxouBt]? 6{xota^ou(7Tj<; 
(AdXXov 6p(a^.6ov vixtjtou xal Tpoxatouxou (jTpaTTjyou, tj &q %o'ke\ncii]q d- 
vay%a^6pLevo<; vd pit]>oxtvBuvsuaTj t6 xdv ec? d^e6atov ^dx^jv. 

"A<pGovo<; xXouto<; xal xoXuTeXeta ^vyevet dcpafvovTO Btaxsxu^votxiptS 



66 IETOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tou cTpaTou, y) Bs xopeca toO Ilepcou [xovdpxou K<XTaTOv d/,6XouGov xept- 
ypd<peTca Tpoxov. 

'Evvsaxoccac •Jjy.iovoi ocal Tpcaxoatai xd[AY]Xoi e<pepovTou<; xoXutsXsic; 6tq- 
caupouq tou ^eydXou JJaccXeox;. Kal xpavrov ^sv xpoYjyouvTO dpyupoi ^(o^Lof, 
£<?' (5v ey.ate to tepov y,al alwvtov Xey6^evov xup. nadyvwcTov B'oti o! Ilep- 
crateXaTpeuov TOxGpwqGeov Kalexi<popouvTS<; auTtoTYjvGuffcaveXsyov. «IIup, 
Bscxotqc, ea6t£)). 01 ^dyoc, s'xicyj^ov tuxov tepewv ^xsxovtsc;, xapYjxoXouGouv 
^(zXXovts<; Ttaxa to IGoq auTwv £yx w Pt° u S u[Xvou<;, TouTotq B'sYxovto Tpcaxo- 
atot e^YjxovTaxsvTSveaviac (xaTa tov aptO^ovTwv^spwvToO evcauTOu), xop- 
yupaq ^vBeBu^ivot, y.al axoXouGtoq xapecxovTO B£x,a ap^iaTa (a^a^ac), %gu~ 
aw xai dpyupq) [xsyaXoxpsxtot; xexocxcXpiiva (iv o!<; BtexpcveTO t6 cspov Xe- 
yopisvov ap^xa) y,al uxo Xsuxo<p6po)V ixxoko^wv oBYjYou^eva. 

Sw^a txx£G)v dttoXouGox;, dxoTeXou^svov sx, BuBexa £Gv<ov, Bca<pep6vT(ov 
vtaTaTS Ta^OiQxalTYjV gtoXyjv, xpoTqyeTTO Tou^eydXou CTpaTou'efca B'yjpxs- 
to 6 ^JLsyaq aTpaToq, au^xoaou^evoi; s?<; e£ax,oa(a<; xtXidBa^dvBptov, &veixov- 
to ot Bid xojixg)Bou<; 6v6piaTO<; Xey6u,evoi dGdvaTOt, BexaxiaxtXioi tov d- 
ptG^ov %at xoXutsX(o<; y.sy.oa^^svoi* xpoaifjpxovTO B' eka o! Xeyopisvot Bopu- 
9opot, <pspovT£<; t"?jv xXa^iuBa tou BaacXeox; xal xpoxopsuo^svot tyj<; BidBia- 
<popa>v e[x6XY]^dTG)V xal xoXuTeXeaTaTa xexoai*TjyLlvY)<; a^id^Y]?, £v yj ^stsx-o^ju- 
^sto 6 BaatXeix;, e<p' u^yjXou Gpovou y,aGY)^evo<;. "OxiaGev Bs toutcov xapiQxo- 
XouGouv (y,aTa xepawov eGt^ov) ^eyaXoxpsxtof; KaG-f^evat exl ajxa^wv Y] ga- 
(TtXo^YjTwp Stauya^Spic; ^ai y) <ju^uyo<; tou Aapstou STaT£tpa, e'v ^.ea(p Bta- 
<p6p(i)V£xt<TY)^a)V yuvaty-wv. AexaxevTS a^a^at e<pspov Ta/rexva tou paacXeox;, 
yjtoi Ta<; Buo GuyaTepa? xal tov ^txpov scciTt utov tou (jl£T05 tgjv BcBacxdXwv 
xai t6)v Tpoqjwv ocutwv. O'txoGsv B* svvos?uai 6xo(a auvoBsfa xapigxoXouGet \xa- 
yetpwv, GspaxovTwv %a\ GspaxacvtBwv, uxtqpstwv, d^pixoXwv %<x\ twv toiou- 

TG)V. 

At xeBtdBsc; tyj<; KtXtxfa; dxox^pf^ovTat twv T^g Supca? Bed tou opouq 
'Ajxavou. *0 'A[iavbq B' outo?, %XdBo<; wv tou Taupou, ex £t ^ uo xapoBou?, 
T^TOt TagXeyo^svaq xapaXiaq ^ >cat%dTO) 'Ay.^avty.dqlluXaf;, %atTac; Xeyopie- 
vac; avo) 'A^jiavtxdqlluXaq^spouaa*; scqT'/jv avw 'Aatav.Kczl ^aGwv oAapet- 
o<; xapa tou BpaxsTou aaTpdxou(T7i(; Tapaou) oTt 6 'AXs^avBpoq euptaxeTo 
dq TYjv Tapaov (xoXtv ty]<; KiXtxtaq) dxirjpxeTO %al outo? otaT* auTou (xsTa 
tou ^eyaXou cTpaTou tou, %cd yjBy) ^TpaToxsBeuas xaTo: tou? Sa>xou<;, 7ta>- 
tJLYjV tt)<; 'Acrffupia?, [x6Xt<; y.aT« Buo ^^epwv oBoixopfav dxsxoucrav tg>v avw 
'A^^avty-cJvxuXwv. 7 Hto B^y.aTaXXY]XoTaTY] yj Beat*; auTTQ et^Tou^IIepaaqBtd 
ty]v eupelav auTYJq xeBtdBa, IvGa axa? 6 [liyaq aTpaT^i; izOtwv Y^BuvaTO dvevo- 
xXyjtgx; vos y.d^vf) axdera? Ta<; vuvfjcec<; y.at tou<; eXty^ouq aiiTou. 

Ka^ 6 'AXs^avBpoq Be xdXtv xaXwq dvappd)(ja<; ^% tyj<; daGsvecaq tou, ox; 
GY]psuTt/.6c;%uwv^xY3pxeT0 y.upteuo)VTY]V KtXt/,(av axatrav evexa twv xapoBcov 
aOTTjq. Kal Bev wplyeTO ^.iv d<p' ev6<; va d<pY]<7fl Ta<; gtsvo:? xeBtdBa? TY^q Kt- 
\v/la.q, ixtGu^wv auTou vd <7UYXpOTY)qf) JxdxYjv ^£Td tou Aapetou, BtoTi y) Ge- 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 67 

ciq auTiQ ^to xaTaXXYjXoTdTYj elq <xutov evsxa tou puxpOTspou CTpaTOUTOu, 
dXkd xal xdXiv gxsuBwv vd cuvd^Yj ^dx?jv oxou yjGeXs cruvavTYjast TovsxGpdv, 
Bia6d<; Ta? xaTO) 'A^avixdc; IluXac;, sxupisuas tyjv'Icuov* exec B'd<pYj era <; <b? 
ev ctaq>aXe(a tou? daGsvEt;? xai tou? d%Q[L&%ouq, %<xi [Leifc BcxXadou frfjXou e*- 
xavaXa^.6dvk>v Td? xoXs^cxd? ocutoG icpdJjei?, tov ^lsv Ilap^svicova Ixs^e 
xpo? dvatoXd? [JiETd Bcaipopov *EXXyjvg>v %al tg>v cu^dx^v ©scffaXwv xai 
@pay«6>v, xpo? tyjv avw 'Adav (si? Td (jletqc^u KcXcxca? xal'Atfaupta? opca), 
ixsTvo? Bs BceuGuvGsi? xpo? Bua^d? Bed tgjv Xeyoyisvwv Supo-KcXcxwv xu- 
X6>v, xpo>Tov jxsv ixupfsucs t6 'Ixovtov, dxoXo uGto? B'eIcyjXGev sc? tyjv 'Ay- 
XtaXov, y.£YdXY]V x,al xXouuiav xoXcv tyj? KcXcxfa?, yjtc? eXeyeto XTia^a tou 
x£pt6oif]Tou SapBavaxdXou. 'ExscGsv B' 6 'AXs^avBpo? etcrepx^Tat si? tou? 
SoXou?, yjti? xaiTOt sXXyjvixyjv xaTaywyYjv sxouaa, sxspai^sv si? d'xpov, Bto 
xal 6 'AXs^avBpo? ^vayxadOY] vd sxaydyYj MaxsBovtxYjv <ppoupdv Etc; ocutyjv, 
xai vd ixiSaXfl si? tou? xoctoixou? xpocrui^ov BiaxoaitoVTaXdvTcov'dXXd jast' 
6X(yov IxiciTps^a? sx tivo? xaxd tg>v ei? Td o pig oixo uvtwv KcXixwv sxiB poji^q, 
sxocvyjXGsv si? SoXou?, xal GiXtov vd guvoixsuoGfj aiiTou? Bed tyjv eXXyjvixyjv 
auTwv xaTayo)YY)v, dyxaTECTYjasv sv <xutyj tyjv xdTptov Biq^oxpaTiav, xalBia- 
<popou? ^xavYjyuptas fu^vixou? y,al {louaixou? dywva?, xaTdT& sXXyjvixov s- 
6o?, jjl£t« Xa^xaBYjcpo piwv, xai 6 uaia? steXecsv si? tov * A<7xXyjxiov uxep tyj? d- 
vappa>asa>? tou* s'xeTGsv 8' yjXGev elq Mayapaov, svGa ETEpav ^eyaX^v xpoaE- 
<pspe Gusiav tyj 'AGyjvo; MayapaiBi, si? Be MaXXov dxoXouGw? dq>ixGsi?, ste- 
X£cs TsXsxd? tivgc? elq t6v YJpwa 'A^KpiXo^ov, tov IBpuT-rjv ir\q xoXecx;, %al 
li£Td \xz^aCkr\q ecpspGYj £?<; tou<; xoctocxouc; oty£toTY]TO<;, %aiTOu<; cpopouq, ouq 
^tIXouv elq t6v Aap£lov, ix«P c<7£V e ^ ocutouc;, BtoTt ot MaXXwTol iXeyovTO 
oTt fjaav dxotx.oiTou "Apyou<;, e? ou y.<x\ ol MaxeBovsq 8<j£[jlvuvovto oti etx ov 
T*?jv yaTaywYYjv* 

'Evti) B'outwc; I^YjyoXouOei 6 'AXs^avBpo? xpo6acvcov elq cuvdvTiqciv tou 
^xSpou, ^v MaXXw £Ti wv txav6dv£i oti 6 Aap£loq elvai eciTpaToxsBsu^svo*; elq 
tou<; 2wx ou S d^£<7(i)<; Be xal outo<; xpoaepx^Tat elq tyjv xoXiv MuptavBpov. 
£TOtpLogTYjv dxtouaav Yj[JLepav vd £xcx£afl zaxd twv IlEpawv. SxXyjpoc; ^si^wv 
^XYjXOETYjvvuxTa, ^go%^ ^EydXiQ ^X£X£<J£V^5 oupavou y.od Qiouoq ^Yjy£p0iQa- 
ye[Loq. 7 Haav at xpwTat fj^L£pat tou No£^6ptou jjlyjvo?. 'Exwv B'd'ywv ev£xa 
toutou Bte^xstvsv 6 'AXi^avBpoc; e'v to) c7TpaTox£B(i) aiiTou. IIoaY) B'iv tou- 
tok; ^paBuTYj? £xyjpx£to! w Ev£xaTYj(; voctoutou 6 'AXi^avBpo? Bcetpc^sto- 
aouTOV£?c;TYjvTapff6v, ouxdXtyov Be xpovov l\xeiy exal elq louqUbilou q,%poc- 
(pspwv 6uafaq y.al teXwv dywvac;, 06 ^.txp6v Be xpoqTOUTOt<; EVYjaxoXYj0Yj i%\ 
tou? 6p£ivouc; KiXcxac; ^xeXGwv. 

"HaxaXXE B'6 Aapscoq, tyjv ^paBuTYjxa TauxYjv tou 'AXE^dvBpou ^ dvs- 
XO^evoc;. KaiouToq Be Y.od olxsptauTOV Yjpxcaav vd yXeud^uvi Y.<xivd\±<i>- 
x&vTcct auxov. _ 

((*0 BeiX6?, 6 d'vavBpo? MaxsBwv, Bsv toXjjloc (k6ac<i)<;, IXsyov, vke^eXGyj 
dx6 tyjv cpuXaxYjv tou, tyjv Tapaov* xpuxTETai xai (psuyst tov yfvBuvov, Btoxt 



68 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

yvcopf^et 6 aOXto? oti to: izixa'ka tgjv x£pacx,6">v Kxxtov dpyouai vaauvTpf^watv 
auxou<;. Tlqi] XP £ ^ a Xoixov vd t6v -juspi^svw^ev; 'Avdyxr) xdca vd diueXGw^ev 
ri[Lzlq x<zt' auTO u, dvdyy.TQ vdTov gtdaw^sv vd e^XOfl dxo ttjv Tapaov, xpo<; <rw- 
(ppovtcr^JLOVTOo TouXdxtaTOV. )) Koivfj Bi= yva>[Jifl dxsqjdatcravvd dxeXGwctv et^T^v 
Tapaov xal vd tov xaTaBcu^coacv dxeu ((My), xpoq 6eou, \xi) dcp^aYjTS ttjv 01- 
atv cag, eXsyev 6 xapd to) Aapsf q> auTo^oX-qaaq Ma/,eBd>v 'A^uvxaq* ixsivog 
6d <pavfj, ^xelvo? 6d ixEXGfl xal 6d £xtax£uafl vd cd<; cuvavTYjCfl oxou ad<; £uprj. 
Tl^ ifj^supet 6xoIovxa)Xu[JLa dxpoaB6y.Y]TOVTa) eXax £ J Mr) d<pif]aY]TS.TTjv y.a- 
TaXXY]XovTauTY]V0£atv aac; xal 0eXifj<rY]Te vd x£ptopca0Y]T£ etqTa? aT£vdq xotXd- 
BaqTTjc; KiXtxfaq. *Hx£Btd<;T(ov Sw^wvelvac dp^oBtwxdTY] BtaTouc; PUpaaq, 
to xXyjBoc; £vto<; qcuttjs BuvaTai vd voujaY), xal dv B'dx£vavTia<; vixtqB^, auTOu 
xdXtv B uvaxai y.ai vd cwOfj. )) 

'AXVoiIIspffat 8u(7xi<JTo0vTS?x,ala4fit^ s!<;tov (jeyov, oaTig BevfjpxiaOY} 
xpoBwaac; TovBaaiXfsaTou, dXXd y.al auTOuq dvacpavBov Twpa £xc6ouXeu£Tai, 
&wi><psu<jav ei<; tou<; <bpa(oug XoyougToQ 'AjxuvTa xai dfif)aavT£<; ttjv xaxaX- 
XT)XoT£pav hi' ocutoik; 6scrtv, dxTjX0ov xpoOu^ox; elc, Tapaov, e\(I> 6'AXs^av- 
Bpo? i^aXkou yipoussVrjpx^o dva^TwvauTouq elq Swxouc;. 

Ka6* oBov ol riepaat £upovT£<; tou<; eiqT'rjv'Iaaov £yxaTa\£t90£VTa<; dxo- 
[xdxougxat da0£V£l<;TOJ *EXXiqvcyoO CTpaToG, Bed xoXXwvfaadvwvauTOOi; i- 
0avdT(oaav. "E^atpov B' ot @dp6apoc <p0daavT£<; ei<; Tapaov, vo^ovt£<; oti ou- 
tg) Btixo^av xdaav {i£Td ttj<; xaTpcBo^ tov cuyyotvtovcav tg>v Max.£B6vG)v' 
y£viy.(o<; opiGx; y.al 6 'AXI^avBpoq y,aTaxp(v£Tat xpd£a<; iA£yaXd6oq,dxoxX£i- 
a0£t<; o utg) xat[i"f) xpoXa6wv vd xu pt£uafl Taq' A^avtxdc; x 6Xaq,Yj to uXdxiaTOV 
va dcfYjcJY) eppoupdv iv'Iacra) y.al ^-rj £y%a^a\£ity , fl'uobqd , ico\L(k%ou<z%a\':ob<; defie- 
vst?, ouTG)Gy»XT]po)(; vd xaTaacpaytiacv 6x6twv Ilspctov. 'Ev MupidvBpq) B'lrt 
&v (6 'AXs^avBp/x;) xal ji'r) xtaT£uwv oti o? Ilspcat oxt<70£V auTou •jupoaifjp- 
Xovto, £X£^jl^£V d^wpiaTtxo uq Ttvac; Btd x^ofou vd P£6ato)0o)(Jt X£p!toutou, %<x- 
toxt£uovt£<; tyjv xapaXfav. Etq {A£yt(TTY]V B' dxoptav xal d[XY]xav(av X£pi£(JTTQ 
vuv 6<JTpaTO(;ToO , AX£?dvBpou* evtp^Xxt^ovvd dxavrrjaaxjc Tovix^P°vxpo- 
6a(vovT£<; eiq Ta xpoaw, Tcopa fjvayy.d^ovTO vd ixiaTps^waiv et? tyjv xaTpfBa 
Ttov y.ivBuv£uovTe; xal xaTaBi(ox6[X£vot, (b<; d'XXoT£ o! ^£Ta tou S£vocpo)VTO<; i- 
xavay.d^xxT0VT£q eiq Ta '(Bta. 

*0 B* 'AX£^avBpo<;auyxaX£aa<;Toij<;aTpaTY]you<;, touc; (Xdpxou<; xa^To5<; 
YjyE^ovai; twv cupL^dxwv, xap£UTY]a£V etc; auTouq 0Tt ^ xapouaa 0£at<; tou i%~ 
0pou uxlp xots P£6atoTaTiQV xat da(paX£(jTdTY]v 6x6ffX £Ta ^ T ^v vfx-Yjv £?<; tolx; 
MaxeBovoc^. «M9) vo^faiQTe, e^£y£v eiq auTou?, oti x£pt£xuxXa)0Y]T£* ol @£Ot, 
oYtivs? TU9>.waavT£(; t6v ^aatXIa Aap£tov dxlaxaaav auTov ^x. tou xeBcou twv 
2a>xwv, y.al t6v eppt^av ec<; Ta^ xoiXaBaq y.al Tac; cpdpayya^ t^<; KtXtxfaq, 
^£6a(o)c;0^oualv6Br;yT](T£lY3pLdc;£t(;TY3Vv(xY]v , ex£tTa B£<jiAXoy(cj0YjTSOTi Ma- 
y.£B6v£<; l[JLX£tpot et^TaTou xoXipiou xal l$Y)crxY)(ilvot etq Ta oxXa 0d xoX£[xt)- 
ar^Te [ik Tllpaac; y.al MyjBou?, ^X£u0£pot, BYjXaBrj, dxlvavTt BouXwv, Yavvacot, 
dvSpetot y,al (ptXoxaTpiB£<; xo),£pnaTal y.aTa Tpu^Xwv %<xl jjLaX0axtov ITfipawv 



ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOT AAESANAPOY 69 

%cd MtqBojv xal aXXwv gapSdpwv, w EX)oqv£<; exouatax; puxxo^Evoi uxepT&v 0s- 
wv xal tyj<; xaTpcBoq, dxivavTi ^EXXtqvwv e^iqxpetw^svwv y-al x^P^ sStsXou? 

UtaOou xpoBcBovTcov tyjv xaTpiBa xal tyjv Bo^av twv aet^vrjaTcov Tupoyovwy tcdv, 
otxoXs^ixwTaTotxaleXeuOspcoTaTotavBpsqT^^EupwxYjc;, @pax,£<;BY]Xa^y.ai 
IlaiovEc;, xai 'IXXuptolxal'AYpiave^xaT* a , £io7.aTa<ppovY)TG)v ox>,g)v tyjs 'A- 
<n'as,-Buva(Ju<;, £v hi Xoyq) y,aTa Btacp0opd<;, OsXyjgk; wz* dBuva^juag. 'Yx6 
toco uto us ocwvo uc; jjievet xXeov d^^tSo'Xov tyjc; yidxY]<; t6 dxoT£X£<j[jia ; Td 56Xa 
Bsty]<; v(y.Y]<; y)(ag)v §£V dvatxXsov [Liar) Buo caTpaxEtat, dXXd Bi' auTYJ<; 60: xpi- 
0fj xa£ 6a axo<pa<jia0Yi yj tuxyj tyjc; 'Adas o)a)<;, ouBs xp6x.EtTat vd vcxYjawyiEv 
TwpaTO £V rpavtxa) lxxtx.6vy.al tou? ^taOocpopouc;, dXV oXoxXyjpovtov aTpa- 
t6vtyj<; 'Aafaq, ouB£0a I'xw^ev dxXa)<; mpaa*; dxEvavTi yj^awv, dXV aiiTov tov 
Qaai'kia ty)<; 'Aacac; yal 6[X£i<; 0a ex^ T£ 'AXI^avBpov va avTiTa^YjTS xax' au- 

TG)V. 

»M£ia tyjv ^dx*]v TauTY]v ouBlv aXXo uxoXEtxETat, ecpiYj va XaSw^sv 6x6 
Tfjv e£oua(av tj^jlwv axaaav tyjv 'Aafav yal va ly.avoxotY]0a)pLev dpyouvTGx; Bt' 
oaaq yay.oxa0e(a<; 6x£<jty]^£v.)) 'Ax,oXo60(i)g B£ r]p%icz va dvacplpr) Taq dvBpa- 
ya0(a<; twv sxtaYj^OTiptoV GTpaTYjYwv, xal va EuxaptuTY] y.ax' ovopia tov yi- 
povxa IIap^£vfo)va ^£0' o5 <juvy]vw0y) yjByj Bid tyjv [XEYaXYjv xtaTtv tou, tov <f>i- 
XwTav, hid: ty)v Y£vvaioTrjTa yjv e8ei?s xaTa tyjv xepl tov rpavcxov {xdxYjv, tov 
Il£pB(y.av, BtaTY]vxaTaTY3v'AXtxapva(ja6vTpo^£pavauTOU£cpoBov, xaiaXXou? 
tiv&s Bta tcc<; avBpaya0ia<; twv. 

))'Eyo) ouBev aXXo euxo^ai vuv 0sp^i6T£pov, sc^iy) va tpavw a£tos dpxiQY ? 
toioutwv aTpaTiQYwv yal aTpaTtwTwv, y.al [L&Xkov evaSpuvo^ai Btd Taq izX-qyaq 
Ta<; oxotaq IXaSov axpt touBs xapd Bid t6 {taacXtxov jxou BtdBYj^xa. Mtj SeiXi- 
aT£ T^oixov, dXk' dvBp(^£a0e, y.al (pavt^TS dvz&fyoi twv xpoTlpwv vtxY]<p6po)v 
dY^vwv aa<;)). 

TauTa y.at Ta TotauTa e'x.cpcovYjaa*; 6 'AXe^avSpoq ^vwxtov tou GTpaTou 
yiETd Touauvf)0ou<; auTou£v0ouataa^ou y-aiTou u^TQ^6<ppovo<; ucpou«;Tou, outg) 
<7uv£x(vy](J£V wxavTac; wax£ awpY]B6v 0! dpxiQyol twv TaYiAaTtov y,£Td axouB^c; 
xpoa£pxV £VOt xaiTY)v BE^dvauTou Xa^6dvovT£q, xap£xdXouvauTov va tou<; 
6By]yVtQ e ^ tyjv (xdxYjv. *0 Be 'AX^avBpoc; BtaXuaac; t6v juXXoyov, y.at xa- 
paYY £ ^ a ? V( ^ Bwawatv acp0ovov Ssxiuvov see; tov dTpaTov, x£p! ty^v BsiXyjv xpol- 
6y) et<;Td(; 'Ayi^avt/.dc; IluXag, xal jxlxpt tou ^(jovuxtIou xupt£uaaqauTac;Tc 
6x6Xotxov y.£V ty]c; vuxtoc; dep-^xs tou<; GTpaTiwTaq vd dvaxau0(jat, tt?)v B' ixt- 
ouaav 7,(av xpwt 6BY]YoutX£vot 6x6 tou cpcoTc^ovToc; xupo<; twv Buatwv, xaTsSYj- 
aav ot Ma*£B6v£<; et<; ty)v x£BtdBa tyjc; Tapaou. 

'O xoTa^6^ Iltvvapoc; piwv Btd ty^<; x£BtdBoc; ty^c; Tapaou, Btatps! auTirjv 
e?s Buo* xal xaTd t6 ^v yiiv auTY5<; jispog xpoaY)X0£v yjBy) 6 aTpaTo<; tou 'AXe- 
?dvBpou, stc; s$ BtYjpYj^ivoc; aw^xaTa y.al 6x6 ^xefpwv aTpaTYjYwv y.u6£pv(t)[JL£- 
vo<;, YjTot tou NiKavopoq, tou ri£pB(xa, tou riToX£^a(ou y,al aXXtov, 6 Bs 
Aap£lo<; y^to laTpaTOX£B£upL£VOc; xpoc; ^oppav tou ILvvdpou, xaTa ty)v B£?tdv 
'6xQr\v tou xoTajAou, exwv aTpaTov ^£YaX£iT£pov oxoiouByjxote aXXou auX- 



70 I2TOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

XeyevTO? (jlstcz tyjv siq tyjv *EXXdBa extBpoyiY)v tou Eep^ou, x.al ffU[XxotJOU[i£- 
vov e?? e£ayoda<; x^ a0 *a<; dvBpwv. 

MeTa^u 8e toutwv auy/,aTY]pi0^ouvTo 30,000 xe^wv, 10,000 twv d6a- 
vaTd)v, 60,000 KapBouatot y,al 30,000 "EX^Yjvec; yii<j0oq>6poi, aptaxa £?y]- 
axiQjJLsvot el^TaTOU xoXe^ou. *H xepiwpia^ivY] o^wc; xeBcdg auTY] Y)vdyx.aaeT6 
[xeya xXy)0o<; twv Ilepawv vd auaawpeuOwaiv 6 el<; exl tou aXXou, wcjts 6X(yoc 
tov apiG^Jiov Yjaav etc* evepyecav. Autoc; B' 6 Aapetoq Korea ty]V dvaToXtXYjv au- 
VY)0etav fJTO ev TO) xsvTpw twv xpo^iaxwvwv Ttz^swv evToq d^d^Yjq, Xa^xpwq 
X£XoayLY)^i£VY]<; xal uxo Teacrdpwv Yxxwv aupo^ivYjq. 

Kal 6 'AXe^avBpo? B' <Z9* eTepou y.aTaX)oqXa Xa6wv [xeTpa, outoc; piiv I- 
xu6epvaTY]v Be^cdvxTepuya, ecq BeT6vnap^ev[G)vad<pYJ7,eTYjvdptaTepdv. Kpa- 
T£pa xal xefayiwv ^dxY) e£ d[X(poT£p(t>v twv piepwv auvey.poTY]0Y) xpo<; $oppdv 
tyj<; 'Avtioxeiac, Kara tyjv ^£Ta£u 0aXdaaY]<; xal twv ^eyo^ivwv 'A^avtxwv 6- 
pewvxeBidBaTYJt; 'Iaaou, Yjp^aTo oeTY)V<Ju^xXoy.Y)v 6 'AXe?avBpo<;, §ia6a(v(i>v 
^L£Ta tou eXacppoulxxtxou tov xoTa^iov, %<xi ^l£t« dxa0e/,Tou 6p^<; excxCxTwv 
xaTa tou £x6pou, ^yjBoXwc; <ppovTc^wv Bta to dxecpov xXy)0o<; twv xaT'auTou 
e\<j(pevBovi£,o^evwv ^eX'covt 

OTx.o0ev ewoetrai, otc yj cu^lxXoxyj yjto BetvoTaTY] xaTa tttjv 6eatv tou 
Aapecou, xa0' tjv w<; 7,ewv wpuo^xevoc; wp^aev 6 'AXe^avBpog, cpptxaXea Be 
xal qjovixtoTaTY] xaTesTY] 73 ^dxY] ^xeTa^u TwvaaTpaxwv, dytovi^o^evou exdaTou 
vd 6x£pajx[(j0Y) [xdXXov to uxoxe^evov tou Aapecou yjtyjv (Bfav auTou £,G)i?)v, 
-/at twv uxo tou iBfou 'AXeFdvBpou oBYjyou^evwv Max-eBovwv exxewv. 

'O^dOpug, 6 dBeXcpog tou Aapefou, ^Xexwv tov 'AXe^avBpov (jiaviwBwg 
excxtxTOVTa xaTa tou Aapetou, e9iXoTC^Y)0Y] %a\ outo<; \Lzxa tyjs ihiaq optrrjq 
vd dvTixpouaYj auTov' erepoi o[Hd<; aaTpdxat d^lawg IXa6ov tov BdvaTov, olov 
6 'Apad^Yjs, 6 'Ati^uyjc;, 6 GaTpdxYjq ty}<; A(yuxTou 2a6dxY](;, 6 Peo[jL{0pY]<;, 
x,ai aXkoi xeaovTsg xpo T^q apid£Y]<; tou Aapefou, oux 6Xtyoi Be xal twv Ma- 
xeBovwv e0avaT(o0Y)cav, y.al auToq 6 'AXe^avBpoc; ex)or)ya)0Y] y.aTa Td cxIXtq, 
I9' d> xal exl [xd>v\ov s^yptcoOiQaav 0? MaxeBove?' ! TeXo<; Be xavxax60ev xc- 
e^6[xevo<; 6 BeaxoT^g tyj? 'Aafa? d^xev a"<pvY)<; to xeBfov Tfjg ^xaxiQ?, e'its 6x6 
9660 u xaTaaxeBeic;, e'its ^yj Buvd^xevoc; vd dv0e^Y) xal vd x.paTY)CY) tou^ d^Yjvtd- 
aavTa^Yxxouq ir\c, d^d^Y]?, xal TpexeTat etq (puyrjv. 

*Q<; Be auvT]0e<; e?q dvaToXixouc; aTpaTOuq, yj <puyr} tou y.ovdpxou y^to gyj- 
[xelov yevtxou Btaaxopxca^ou* Yja(xa^a tou Aapetou dveTpdxYj,T6 to^ov, y.a\ yj 
djxlq y.al 6 ^avBua? auTou exuXfaOYjaav xaTd yYj?, outoc; ext Be dxXou 't'xxou 
dva6d<; pioXtq eaw0Y] Bid twv d'vo) 'A^^avtxwv IluXwv, tov EucppaTYjv^dXXwv 
&q optov pieTa^u auTou %ai twv dvTtxdXwv tou. 

Ot vixY)Tat e?Y]/.oXou0ouv ty)v xaTao((i)$tv fJiexpt vuy,T6<; Tpo^epdv atpay^v 
y.a? tpovov cppt/Tov ixdyovTeq ec<; tou<; cpeuyovTag. 'Ey. ty^<; xaTaBtw^eox; i%i- 
jTpetpwv 6 'AXe^avBpo?, etafj^Oev dxYjuBYj/wg xal y.aTaxexovY)(Jievoq eE? ty^v 
^eyaXoxpexYj ctxyjvyjv tou Aapecou, x<x\ pXexwv t6 81' ixeTvov «3Upoxapecry.eu- 
ajyievov XouTpov, ey.BuOetg d^eaw? tttjv xavoxXfav y.a; ty)v gtoXtqv, (("A^ uxd- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAESANAPOY 71 

Ytoyisv, etxs, vd dxoxXuvw^v et? t& XouTpov tou Aapdou tov it. ttj? ^d^ir]? 
cBpuTa^a?)). «Ouxi sic; to XouTpov toD Aapdou dXX' elq to XouTpov tou 
'AXe£dev8pou, elxs ti? twv TuepteaxwTwv, Bioti to: dyaOa twv vsvtx^pisvwv, 

cpuaixfi) T(p X6y(i), dvTqyouaiv ei? tou? vtxirjTd? twv)). 

Atspeuvwv dy.oXou0k>? 6 'AXI^avBpo? Ta xoc/aXa XouTptxd ax-suiq, Td? 
OBpca?, tou? XouTfjpa?, Ta? Xy]xu0ou? aTtva fjaav xdvTa ex, xP^ou xaXXt- 
T£xvtx.w? xaT£<7y,£ua<jpiiva, %<xl 6a9patvopi£vo? Ta? e^atpeTOU? euwBfa? tg>v 
£V auToc? axavttoTaTWV dpw^aTcov y,at jtaXadjAwv, auyxpovG)? Be 0au^d^cov 
ttjv xepl tyjv cnajviqv Btax.£xu^£vr)v xoXuTlX£tav e"? t£ Ta? x.X(va?, Tag Tpa- 
xl^a? xal Td <jx.£uy) auTwv, ((Touto cjti to @aaiXeu£iv)>, ((Auto 6d etxij 
vd elvac Tt? @a<nXe6?», etxev e?? tou? xepl auTov. 

Tyjv £ffxlpav ttj? ^xaxiQ?, £vto? ttj? ^£yaXoxp£xou? cktqvy}? tou Aapetou 
6' 'AXd^avBpo? xposxaXiaa? tou? excaiqpioTepou? CTpaTYjyou? tou ec? to 

BetXVOV,' £UWX£^0 iX£Td TT]? <juvt]0ou? auTw dcpeXeia?, ^T]B6X(D? CppOVTlt^OV 
X£pl TT]? xXy]Y^?, T)V £V TT) ^dxif] XaTa TOV JJLTQpOV IXa6eV. A'tCpVTf]? B* lv T(I) 

^JL£j(p ttj? euwx^ dxouaa? 0pT)vou? x.al xpauyd? ev Tac? xapaxei^evac? 
ff/.TQvaT?, xa! ^a0wv oti tj ^t)tt)p xai t) au^uyo? tou Aapecou, STaTetpa, xal 
at Buo 0uyaT£p£? auTou auXXirjcpOecaai afx^dXwTot, 0pT)vouai Bcotc uxtqpItt)? 
dvayYlXXwv ec? auTa? oti xpoaTiyaYov tt)v daxcBa, tov xdvBuv xal to Bopu 
tou Aapefou, exoivoxotTjae <7UYXP 0V0) S y,al oti 6 AapeTo? dxe0avev, 6 
'AXe^avBpo? exeu^ev d^iiao)? e!? auTa? eva twv <JTpaTT)YWV tou, tov Aeov- 
vaTOV, oaTt? xal Ta? ixXiqpocpopTjaev oti 6 AapeTo? tj), oti 6 'AXe^avBpo? 
cppovTi^ei x£pl auTwv, v.olX 0Tt GeXet 'i\§xi ^dxavTO? vd £xta%£90rj auTa? xpo- ' 

<7(i)XWO)?. 

Ttjv d/.6Xou0ov rj^lpav 6 'AX^avBpo? xapaXa6wv tov £xcaTY]0tov auTou 
cpcXov, tov *H9aiaTto)va, xapouaid^£Tai £t? Ta? yuvatxa?.' 'AyicpoTSpot B* 
i^opouv o^Jiotav aio\r\v, dXka xaTa to y.dXXo? 6 ^HcpaiaTtwv ux£p£c^£ tov 
'AXI?av8pov. *H Stauya^Spi?, vo^f^ouaa oti outo? -^to 6 ^aaiX£U?, x£aou(ja 
d^iaw? xaTa y^? xpoaexuvT]a£v auTov. *0 'HcpataTfwv t^? Iv£ua£ y.al hid 
tt]? x £t P^ T0U sB£c^£ tov 'AXi^avBpov, dXk' 6 ^aat^£u?, ((Mtj TapaTTou, 
6 ^"r)T£p, T-fi elxe, BtoTi xal outo? elvai 'AXi^avBpo?)). "E^o^ov B' 6 'AXe- 
£avBpo? aYaxYjv £Tp£q)£v e!? tov 'Hcpattrdcova, eYts, BtoTt, w? eTpYjTai, xa0' 
oXa t6v *O^Y]pi/.6v dxopitpLou^£vo? 'A^iXXIa, t)0£Xt](T£ /.al outo? vd o*e(?n 
oti eIxs cpiXov t6v ^HtpaidTiwva, £'tT£ Sioti ixt^a xal ux£Xtqxt£to auTov §t<x 
Ta? dp£Ta? xal Td xpoTEprj^aTd tou' Xa6wv B£ xpo? toutoi? 6 'AXI^avBpo? 
y.al t6 ^plcpo? tou Aap£tou £0wx£u<j£V auTo. *0 xat? £*?£T£tV£ Ta? xzIqolc, 
elq t6v vtxY]TT]v, outo? B' ^a0£i? ix. tt^? <patBp6TY]T0? tou xaiBo?, aTpa<p£i? 
£tx£v klq t6v 'H^ataTtwva : ((T( xaX6v 0d t^to %<xl 6 Aap£io? vd el/? tt?)v 
d0G)OTT]Ta tou xaiB6? toutou !)) 

Ka0' oXov Be to BidaTYj^a tyj? afx^aXwa(a? twv Il£pa(B(ov 6 'AX£?av- 
opo? iq)£p£TO X(av <ptXo<pp6vo)?, xal dx£pt6pc<jTov iB£(xvue a£6a? et? T£ ttjv 
SiauYa^6ptv %<xl t^v Y^vatya tou Aap£iou, evTt[xov xal euY£vt) et? auTa? 



72 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

xaplx wv xepcxodqatv, xal TotauTiqv, o¥av axavcuvraTa e'xdpc^ov ziq xobq 
al%-{L<xkwzi'£>o[L£vQuc l ia IGtpia tou dpxaiou xoXe^ou. *H ^lstA yevvaioTiqToc; 
Be awcppoauvt) tou 'AXe^dvBpou xaTd ttjv xeptcTaaiv TauTiqv xapeaxs y-eyd- 
Xtqv dcpop^v vd ixiBa^tXeuawai xXeiaTa xal 0ep[AOTaTa zlq atkov iyxwtJua 
auyxpovoc * ai ^eTayeveaTepot laTopixol,xa06aovyid)aaTaY) IlTaTeipa, tj au^u- 
yoc; tou Aapetou, iSecopetTO t) (bpatOTaTY) Tfj? e'xoxTJS ttq<; xa0' axaaav ty]V 
'Adav. Kal auToq B* 6 'AXe£avBpo<; ae^vuvo^evoc; £xl Tfj ?B(a auTou aw- 
<ppoauvY3, outg) pY)TW<; ev tivi xpoq tov Ilap^evttova £xc<jto)o) aikou dxocpaf- 
vexai Xeywv : (('Eyw ouxl jaovov vd Y5o> t^v yuvalxa tou Aapecou Bev i?)0e- 
Xtjaa, dXV cuBe toioutov ti lauXXoyfaOiQV, outs £lq a%\fiq xepiepyeiac; xape- 
xcvtqOtjv vd to xpd^w, £vq> ^dXtaTa ijxouaa otc xoXu<; X6yo<; xepl tyj<; eujxop- 
q>{a<; auTYjc; £y(yveTo». 

"Exeaov Be xaTd tyjv xapd Tfj 'Iaacp (xdxiqv TauTYjv, xapd yiv twv Maxe- 
Bovcov £(o<; exaT&v e't'xoatv ex tg>v exi<7Y)^OTepG)v, ev olc; xal 6 dpxiqyoc; ttj<; <pd- 
Xayyo<; IlToXepiaToc; 6 SeXeuxou* Xa^xpal etc; auTouc; eyevovTO xrjBetai xal 
dxcTacpcot Xoyoc e^e^wvifjO-qaav* xal oi dpuTeuaavTec; B' ex tg>v Xoixwv etc 
ttjv (idx^v Bid Xa^xpdg exiBoaewq xp^Q^dTcov xal dXXwv Bwpwv e , TC[i/r)OTjaav. 

*0 B' oXeBpoq twv Ilepawv tjto dxaTaX6yt<JTO<;, xal to xeBfov ttj<; ^dxTQ? 
xaTexaXucp0Y) uxo vexpwv xal t^uxoppayouvTtov. Kal elq tou<; xeaovTa? Be 
Ilepaac; BieTa^ev waauTtoc; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; vd yefvwat XY]BeTat. Oux 6X(yot 
Be xpoc; toutok; Ilepaai -qx^aXomaOYjaav, ev olg auyxaTaXeyovTai xal dXXai 
£x(<7T)pLOt yuvalxe?, t]toc t) x*)P a xa ' 1 at 6uyaTepe<; tou gaatXeax; "Qxou, ^ 
0uyaTT]p tou 'OcjudSpou, i] au^uyoc; tou 'ApTaSd^ou, xal r\ tou <l>apva6d^ou 
^JieTd tou ulou ty)<;, xal t) yuvr) xal 6 ulo<; tou Mepivovoq. Kal xpea6et<; Be 
xp&g TOUTOtc; auveXY]!p0Y]aav Btacpopwv ^EXXyjvcov, xapd tw Aapefo) ivaaxo- 
Xouyievot ecg ti?)v auv0Y]xoX6yY]atv y-eT' auTOU xaTa tou 'AXe^dvBpou' outo? 
Be x^^P^v xal dyaXXo^evoc; i%\ tfl XajAxpi? auTou vtxyj, icpep0Y) Xcav ixtetxwc; 
el? auTOuq, xal pyjtwc; tolx; [xev Gir]6afou(; dxeXuaev d^euwc;, t6v B' 'AOigvatov 
'IcptxpaTYjv, Tipiwv ttjv ^.vTj^Yjv tou xaTpog tou, ixpaTYjae xap' eauTG) xal 
X(av cptXo^povTjTtxwc; xp6q a^Tov icpepeTO* t6v Bl SxapTtaTYjv EuSuxXIa, 
exetB^j ol au^xaTptWTat tou elxov y]Btq Bta7.T]puc;ei t6v xoXeyiov xaTd twv 
MaxeBovcov, xaT' apxaq y.ev ixpaTet iv cpuXaxfj, dxoXo60(o<; B^ xal toutov 
dxeXuae. 

IlapexTOc; Be xoXXwv aXXwv etc; Btatpopouc; axYjvdi; eupe0evTO>v xoXuti^wv 
Xa^upwv, eupe0T]aav xp6<; toutok; xal Tptax^ ta TaXavTa xap' auT(p T(p 
Aapeiq), ot Be ^.eydXot 0T]ffaupol elxov xe^cpGf) xp6 tyjc; \xd%f}q eiq Aayiaax6v 
pieTd Biacpopcov dxtcrrjawv yuvatxwv, xaTd Ta eOt^xa ttj<; Ilepatac;, xapexT^c; 
jaovov tcov dvrjxouawv e?<; t6v ^aatXix6v yuvatxwvtTY)v alfTtvec; eyistvav X6y<p 
xXetoTipa<; dacpaXetac; xap' auTW tw 7)ye(x6vt. 

np6<; dvdtJLvr^atv T^g xapd Tfj 'Iaaq) ^dxY)?, 6 'AXe^avBpoi; c?vi^yetpe 
Tpel<; (leyaXout; ^wixouc; Ixl twv 6x6wv tou Tltvvdpou, xal %6\iq Be cpepouaa 
ib ovo^a -ft xaTd ttjv'Ictcjov 'AXe^dvBpeta ixTtaGif) xapd t^v e'caoBovTwv 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 



73 



'EyevsTO S* yj ^aX"0 fiJS 'Iaaou yirua t6v 'Oy/ua>6piov ^ y.al t6v Noe^Sptov 

toO 333 xp. Xp. y-at to TikapTOv lro<; tyj? ^aatXefaq toO 'AXe^avBpou, ^ 
t6 BsuTepov T^g syaTpaTetag ocuto'O. 

'Ey ty)c; ^oLX^q Ik TauTY)<; oux* liovov tyjv Miypav 'Aafav syuptsuasv 6 
vioq Tjyspitov, dXX<* yal {Jua xXyjyy) ey Ss^sXtcov £tq axav to ypckoq ir\q 'A- 
aia? Tpopispov ixTQYays Sovtayiov. 




KE3>AAAION A' 



e O 'A^i£av5po<^ ev 4»oiviKn. — Ila^atdTivn Kai Al^fareo). 

ETA T'rjv iv 'Iacu> jxdx^v 

6 'AX^avBpog dxe^uye 
vd xaTaBtwcT) Tag xaTa- 

(iTpatpetaaq Buvd^£t<;TG)v 
Ilspawv, cupel? auTougvd 
Xd6wat xpoawptviqv Tiva 
dvdxauatv' <ppovt(JUt)g B' 
ouTwg dxo)aT£u0Yj,x,a66- 

Tt XpOXWpWV El? T(Z eV 

Boiepa toD TlspatxoO 
xpdrouq, PeSafox; tJOsXs 
x£ptiX0£t see; <pav£pov xa l 
a(peu%Tov tuvouvov. 0! Ilepffai cuvevsuvTeq Bid 
GaXdaaYjg Tag TtaTa Ta dvaTo^iKa %al Ta voTta 
^epv) Tijg Ma/,£Bovtag vauTtxdg- Buvd[Ji£tg twv 
(jLSTa twv £xOpcy»tog Btay,£t^£VG>v x6X£<ov T-rjg 
'EXXdBog, T^OeXov XdcSst tyjv £uxatptav vd Bta- 
cptXov£txT](70)ai Tag uxo to.u 'AX^dvBpou %upt- 
£u0£[aa<; x^pag, £tg Bsivtjv outg> <p£povT£gauT6v 
0£<7tv /.at xap£^x6dX^ovT£<; eva ^£V ex^pov oxt- 
a0£v, £T£pov Be %aTa xpoawxov auToO. 

Kai 6 ^jl£V Il£patxog trupaTog xavTaxactv 
y,aT£C7Tpd<fnf) y,aTa tyjv £v 'Iaaci) (JidxTQV, 6X(yoi 
BeTtveg |jl6vov ecg [juy,pd cio^aTa TfjBe 7.d/,£la£ Btaa/,opxtc0£VT£g, ot [kkv ux£p- 
6dvT£g t« opy], oxwg YjBuvrjOifjaav, xpocrrjXGov £tg tov EufppdTYjv xo- 
Ta^ov y.at IxeTGev [jl£T£6y]<j«v e!g Tag otx,£tag xaTptBag tg>v, ot Be xpog 
6oppdv £tg Ta opY) Tfjg KtXtxtag BtaawGevTeq ^pptcpOYjaav aTay/rug efg 
tyjv xapa%eipLevY]v KaxxaBoxtav y.al tyjv (jL£-fdXYjv ^puytav, dXXd xav- 
Taxaaiv 7.aTeaTpd9Y)aav uxo Te tou 'AvTtyovou %al tou Mlvcovog, twv yjByj 
caTpaxd>v TYjg ^puytac; Te xal Suptag iyxaTaaTavT^v* ot Be t Jt -tc , 6o(p6pot 
"EXXY]veg xoXXdg 6xoaTavT£g ^Yjfxtag y.aTd tyjv (xdxiQV, (leid tyjv YjTTav au- 
twv itpdvYjaav a§tot TYjg IXXYjviXYjg <pif)[AYjg Ta>v" auaawpeuOevTe? £(og BwBe- 
v.ay.cax^tot tov dptOjjiov xai Ta opY) TYjg <£puycag BteXOovTeg, dtpcxOYjaav elg 
Tptxo)av TYjg ^otvtxYjg, ev6a y.a0£Xy.uaavT£g e'x. tg>v e'y.elce vevewXxYj^evwv 
Tpt-r)p£(,)v oaa<; e'GEwpYjaav lyavag, Tag Be Xotxdg xaTaxauaavTec;, ot {A£V Btd 




ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 75 

xwv xXotcov yaTscpuyov £ '^ Tatvapov tyj? riEXoxovviqaou, oXtyot Be [XETa tou 
Yvgkttou (aiiTo^oXou) 'A^jiuvtou yaTacpuyovTSc; eiq IIy]Xou«hov, xaxecjcpd- 
Yijaav 6xo tg>v syx^pttov AtyuxTtwv. 

'O B' 'AXs^avBpo? xpoXa^6dvG>v ^ Baxjfl etc; tyjv IlEpatav ty)v euxat- 
p(av vd ^vepYTja-n xax* auTOU Btd 0aXd<7GY]c;, xptv et<7£X0fl etc; Td evBoTepa 
T-fjq ■^•icetpwTtT.^c; 'Aafaq, tov (xev Ilap^evttova sxe^ev Etc; Aa^uxcyov \ls- 
TdcTpaxou vd yuptsuafl touc; ^.sydXouc; 0Y]<7aupou<;, ouc; xpoXaSwv ElxexE^i- 
<J;ei EysT 6 Aapstoc;, outoc; B' ec;Y]xoXo60Y]ae tyjv cjuvy)0y) xopetav tou, Bteu- 
0uv6[ievoc; etc; tyjv yaxd ty^v xapaXtav ypa^Yjv, scp' yjc; exsivto at ^sydXat 
<I>otvcxtxai xoXstq (lexd tg>v dxetpapt0(iG>v xXottov tg>v. 

*H yupttoq 4>otvtxiQ e^exetveTO yaxd t6 xapdXtov ty)<; (jLSTayEvsaT^pac; 
Suptac; ey tyjc; 'ApdBou (Jisxpi tyj<; Tupou, yaTd [lYJyoc; ^.ev sVx£ptXa^.6d- 
vouca sxaTov E't'yoct ^juXia, gtsvyjv B' Exouca XtoptBa yr\q egx; eixoat y-tXtwv 
xXdxouc;. 

Kal dXXoxe jjlev Y) <l>otvtxY) elBs Xa^xpoTepac; Yj^epac;, dXXd yal vuv dv- 
0Yjpd<; yal dy^a^oucrac; efye xoXetc;, (5v al xX£t<7Tat Yjcav yaXwc; d)xup(0[AE- 
vat yal vrjcot Be cuvet/ovTO (jLexd tou xapaXtou toutou. *H 6eat<; B* auTY] 
ouxl y.6vov ya0taTa auxdc; dacpaXsaTipac;, dXXd yal Xtav yaxdXXYjXo*; xal 
dpjioBta yjto eiq Td<; e^etq tou 6aXa<7Gioii toutou Xaou. 

Ot ydxotxoj twv <£otvtyty<ov xoXswv •qsav xept6oY)Tot s*xl tptXoxovta yal 
Ta (isytaTa Bt£<pY]^ovTO Btd Tac; Tsxvaq, Td 6to^Y)xavtyd yaTacTYj^aTa yal 
Taq eVxoptydc; ^xtxetp'Oaetc; tg>v. T6 el'Boc; tyjc; yuSepvYjaeax; tyjc; xwpa? 
yjto yuptwc; ^.ovapxiyov, dXX* outg) tjuyxexepaff^svov, wgts ^atveTO y.aX- 
Xov BYj^.o%paTt7,6v. *H Tupoc; y^to y^ xpo)T£uoua twv Xotxwv xoXewv aijc; 
<J)otvt%Y)<;, ic\£xouG<x twv aXXojv xaTa ts Ta xXouttq, tov xXy]6u<7^l6v xat ty^v 
Buva^Ltv, dW axaaat ^v ysvst at x6Xet<; tyj? <l>otvtxYj(; xaTavTYjcaaat wq uxo- 
TeXet<; y^Btq etc; ty]v Ilepatav, Bt£TY)pYj<jav [jlIv y.aTa t6 <patv6yi£vov tyjv tBtav 
auTwv ^ouctav %cd %u6£pvY)<rtv, dXX' Y^aav TfjvayTcac^ivat vd xapixoxrc xgi)- 
yiaTa , xXota y,al cTpaTtwTaq et<; Ta<; xoXetxty.de; extxstpYjcetc; tou xuptdp- 

XOU TWV. 

Ilt0av6v B* otc Y) Tupoc; e!xs BeaxoTetav Ttvd exl twv aXXwv xoXewv, yj 
yaTexte^ev auTaq, Bt6 yat atdXXat x6X£t<; tyjc; <|>otvtyrc; d^xlcjwc; ux£B£x0Y]<7av 
t6v 'AX^avBpov ox; ao>TYJpd tcov, yat pyjtwc; ^dXtCTa dvacpipeTat oxt Y] xp6g 
6oppdv x£pt(pY]pioc; xoXtc; "ApaBo; dpisawc; uxexdyY), xpotj<p£pouaa xpuaoDv 
axecpavov £t<; t6v (leyav BopuyTY)xopa Btd tou SaatXeax; ir\c, STpdTwvoq. 
Kal dXXat Be xoXetc; dvacpipovTat OTt uxETdyYjaav xpoGu^ox; Etc; tov 'AXe- 
5avBpov, ev ale; yat Y) Mappte^LYj. 

*0 Ik Aapstoc;, 6 xpwxoc; yaxd T-rjv ^dx^jv ty^c; 'Icjcjou ya0oBY)YY)(7ac; tov 
(JTpaTOV etc; (puy^v, lax; TETpaytax^Xtoug dvBpac; auvayaywv Etc; "Oyxouq, 
dc;Y)yoXo60et tpeuywv (xexd cxouByjc;, (XEXPtc; o5 tov EucppaTYjv oxt(70£v auTOu 
xap£|J.6dXXo)v, d0ea)pY)<j£V sauxov xavToc; ytvBuvou dxYjXXay^vov. "HcxaX- 
Xe Beyale'XuxetTOOTaXatxtopoc; ^aXXov Btdx^v dxa>Xetav to>v ot'yetwvTou 



76 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

yj Bid tyjv drc^ov xal alsxP av auTou cpuyYjv, xpo xdvTtov 81 xaxeTpwysv au- 
tov yj iBea oti yj au^uyoc; aikou, yj (bpacoTdxYj xaawv xwv IlepafBwv, eupf- 
ffxeTovuv slqT&sxeipas tou ux£pYjcpdvou vcxyjtou. *Q<; 8' ouBoXox^Taaxe" 
BcaTou Bo p uxtyjto po<; vd voifjaYj YjBuvaxo 6 AapeTo?, outw [xyjBe tyjv dps- 
ttjv xal tov xapaxxYjpa aikou Suva^evoq vd cuXXaSfl, evo^£v dXa^ovixax; 
0Tt ev T(p ovo^aTC tou 6aacXixou [xsyaXscou xal u^ouq tou Ixavoxocet tov yi- 
yav auTou dvdxaXov, ££ ocxdaq tou 8yj0£V y£waco<ppoauvY]<; xpoxdvwv xa- 
paxo>pv](7st(; Ttvcfcq. 

'Ev MapdGw Xotxov ovtoc; tou 'AXe^dvSpou d<p(xovTO Buo xpeaSetq, 
xo^ovt££ elq auxov ixtaToXirjv tou Aapecou, xal dxo yXtoaaYjq esq auxov 
xpoTeivovTeq vd dxoBwcYj tyjv tAY]T£pa xal tyjv yuvalxa xal to: Texva tou [lz- 
ydXou ^aaiXew?, 8c' ou xal cxovou iJieaou.YjBuvavTO vd auvd^wacv elpYjvcxdq 
axeaeis xpoq dWriXouq. Outo) 8' el^sv yj £xiaToXY) : 

'AXe?av8pe ! 

«<I>i)axxo<; 6 xaxirjp aou yjto <p(Xo<; xal au[X[xaxo<; toO (JteydXou fyaaikivs 

'ApTa£ep£ou, dW ot£ BieBexOYj tov xaxepa auTou "ApaYj<;, 6 uco<; tou 
'ApTa^ep^ou, xal xpoxaToxo<; yj^jlwv, xpwxoc; 6 xaTYjp aou Yjp^aTO %eigm 
dBixwv, y-YjBev \xh xaxov xaGwv uxo twv Ilepatov, i%rtiQ£[Lzvoq Be xaxd twv 
Y]^Ji£T£p(i)v aaxpaxwv e!<; Ta<; 'EXTajvixd? OaXdaaac;* <ke Be xal Yj[xec<; xape- 
Xd6o[X£V tyjv dpxYJv, outs au exe^dq Tivaq e!q Yj^dc; xpoq dvavewaiv xal 
8ia6e6aicoaiv tyjc; xaXaidg yjcjlwv qn)aa<; xal au^axca<;, aXXdfe xal dxevavTia? 
txdXtaTa ^£Ta CTpaTtdq 8ca6d<; tyjv 'Aafav, xoXXd xaxd e!pyda0Yj<; e?q 

TYJV lUpacaV. ToUTOU 8* £v6%0E X(ZT£6Yj[JL£V Xal ^£tg (JL£Ta TtoV YJ^JieTeptoV 

7,awv xpo0u^ou|X£vot vd dVuvOwpiev tyjv x^pav (Jia<; xal vd dvaawawpiEV tyjv 
xaTpixrjv yj^wv gaacX£cav. Kat yj ^Iv ixdx^ to^outov IXa6£ teXo?, o!ov 
£V£xpivczvoi 6£o(, Yj|i£l<; B' dvaXa^6dvovT£c; u(foqb{Loiou dvTaywviaTou, dxat- 
tou^jl£v (b? gaaiX£u<; xapa ^aatXIo)? tyjv ts yuvalxa xal tyjv (XYjTipa, xa^ t<z 
Tsxva yj^lwv Ta uxo aou auXXYjcpBlvxa, 0£Xovt£c; outo) va £XW[JL£V tyjv cptXfav 
aou, xal xpOT£cvovT£<; au^jjiaxiav (jl£tcz aou, xal i%\ tout({) d^tou^£v va x£ix- 
^yj<; xp£a6£i<; £tq Yj^a? jx£Ta tou Mivtaxou xa^ tou 'Apat^a, twv Y^tx£T£p(ov 
dyyiXuv, oVtivs? va XdSwat xap* yjjjlgjv xal va Bwawaiv zlq u^a? Ta xcaxd)). 
'H axaX^aa dxavTYjatg xapa tou 'AX^dvBpou ouBoXwc; auv£(pa)V£t xpoq t6 
xv^^aTYJ^ixiaToTajqTauTYj*;. 'ExijxcpOYj Bi Si'elBtxouTcplaSsax;, Tou@£pat'x- 
xou, \LBxa auaTYjpaq BtaTayyjc; va tyjv lyx £t P^T) £t ^ auTov tov Aapeiov, dxo- 
cp£uyo)V xaaav (jl£t' auTou xpo^optxYjv Biaxoivwaiv. 

Outw B' £X£t xal yj dxdvTYjat<; tou 'AX^dvBpou : 

((0! u^£T£pot xpoyovot s'XOovtec; elq ty^v Max£Boviav xa? tV ocXXyjv 
'EX),doa ^dg ixaxoxoiYjaav, ^lyjBev xaxov (xyjB' dBcxYj^xa xap' yj^lwv xa06vT£q. 
'Eyw Be twv *EXXyjvo)V Yjy£[iG)v xaxaaTa?, xal OeXwv va Tt(XG)pYjao) tou? 
nipaac;, BteSYjv etc; tyjv' Aafav, d<pou aeiq xpwTot eBwaaxeTYjv aWavTou xoXe- 
[xoj. Kal xpwTov y.cV e'SoYjOrjaaTe tou<; rieptvSfouc;, oYtivs<; yjBcxouvtov xa- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 77 

Tlpa [lou, eiq hi tyjv ©pdyYjv, tyjv oxotav yj[aei<; s't'xo^sv eiq tyjv e^ouatav 
y.a<;, 6 T Qx°? £X£^<]>£ aTpaTov. *0 xaTYjp piou aiusOavs <pov£u0£t<; dx6 tou<; 
IxtSouXsuaavTac; auTov, tou<; oxotoug u^stq auTot <7uv£Ta?aT£, ox; x£pt toutou 
ot ?Btot ev £xt<TToXat<; u^jlwv ayspwxwq eyaux*)0iQT£. 'AxoyTstvaq TsXog 
tov "ApcrYjv {JL£Ta-ToD euvouxou aou Baywou, IXaSsq au tyjv (JaaiXeiav twv 
Ilspawv, ouxt Btyatwq, ouBs yaTa vo^ov dXV dBtywv touc; nipaaq" eyroTs 
8£ Bsv sxau<j£<; xs^ixuv yat St' £^£ xPW<* Ta etc; Toug AayeBatpiovtouc; yat 
e?<; dXXouq "EXXirjvac;, xpoTpExwv auToug vd eystptocn xoXs^ov y.oru' e^ou 
yat xavTotOTpoxwc; dyG)vt^6pi£vo<; va BtaXuqfjg tyjv eCpiQVYjv, yjv auv^Bsaa ^£t' 
autwv. 

(('EvcJ) Xotxov au TotauTa£xpaTT£<;, £^£ffTpdx£ucra yat sywyaTa aou,dcpou 
cu £/.a^£c; dpxiQV tyj<; IxGp a ?- Kat vty-Yjaa*; xpoT£pov Touq GTpaTYjyouq yat 
tou<; aaTpdxac; cjou, vuv B£ G£ tov YBiov, Ixw eC? tyjv i^ouacav ^jlou tyjv Xk>P<*v> 
ty)v oxotav cu y-lv y.oi xpoacpspstc;, Eyw ^£ Xlyo) 8ti ot 6eot \xol xapsBwyav. 
«Kat oaot {jiv £y twv iBtyaiv aou GTpaTtwTwv yaTlcpuyovEtc; £^£[X£TdTY]v 
[xdxY]v, Touq xsptexotYj0Yjv jjL£Ta (jL£yaXo^uxtac;,yat yjByj syovTsc; yivouat xap' 
£[lo\ %(xl auaTpaTsuouat (X£t' £[lou. 

« 'EX0£ Xotxov yat <ju etc; ^£ yat dvayvtoptaov [lz yuptov tyjc; 'Acta?. *Av 
Be cpo6f)aai (ayjxwc; IXOwv xd0Yjc; yayov Tt ux' £[lou, xe^ ov <f>cXouc; Ttvdc; vd 
XdSoxjt Ta xtaTa. n Av eX0Yjc; xpoc; e^ti, yat tyjv yuvatya, yal tyjv (lYjTepa, 
yal Ta T£xva cou Buvaaat vd XdSirjc; aveu XuTpwv, xat o,Tt dXXo atTYjaYjc;, 0d 
Xd6fls xap' £[jlou. Kat etg t6 k^fiq oTav gtIXXyjc; ixcaToXYjv xpog £[i£, vd 
YpdcpTfjq wq xpoq ^aatXia tyj<; 'Aacaq, xai dv exflS dvdyxYjv Ttvo?, ^YjTet touto 
xap'£[xou, 6£copwv pis xupiov oXtov twv iBiy.wv aou, £?§£ |rrj, ey^ ^^ 0£WpYja(o 
ax; dB(/.Y]^ia xdv t6 evavTtov. n Av 8' dvTtx'otYJaat dxo'^Yj tyjv ^aacX£(av, uxo- 
(xetvov xai dywvfaOYjTt xepi auTYjq xat [jlyj (psuyYjc;, BtoTt iyw 6d a£ xaTaBcw^w 
6xo u xal dv y-aTacpuyiji;)). 

Kat 6 jjlsv Aapdoc; dxoTux^v yjByj e(<; Toug [lztz, tou 'A>.£^dvBpou au^x- 
6t6aa(iou<; tou, 8taaG)0£tc; £t? Ba6uX6va, ijpxta£ vd y.d^vfj ^L£YaX£tT£pa<; xpo- 
xapaux.£udq, {jleXetgjv vd auyy-poTYjcju §£UT£pav (idx^v , 6 h* 'AXI^avBpo*; 
xpo<TYjpx£TO auyyaTaXlywv jx£Ta twv y,aTaxTYja£0)v tou y.at Ta<; dXXa<; TY^q 
<l>otvr/.Y}<; x6X£tq. 

T6 xapdB£ty^ia tyj<; 'ApdBou xapYjyoXouGYjaav y,at dXXat xoXet?, xat 
xp6 xdvTwv yj BuSXoq, £Tt §£ yat yj xpoq votov yst^evYj StBwv, x£pl yj<; yat 
to dyoXouOov dva(p£p£Tat sx£ta6Btov. 

*0'(JaaiXsu<; ty^c; StBwvog (STpaTwv yat outo<; ;) Btepistve xtaToq elq tov 
Aap£tov, dXX' ot uxYjyoot tou, xpog ou<; Xtav Tupavvtyw*; ecplpeTo, dxoTtvd- 
^avT£? t6v ^uy6v auTou, xapsBoGr^aav elq tcv 'AXe?av8pov. '0 'AXs^av- 
Bpoq yaOatpsciac; TY^g Yjy£^ovtag tov STpaTcova, Bt£Ta^£ tov 'HcpataTtwva vd 
dvu^waYj M tou Opovou oxotov ey twv yaTotywv eyptv£V d^tov tyj<; u^yjXyj^ 
TaUTYJ? Qiaudq. 

'O 'H^ataTtcov yaTEXusv elq tov olyov Buo ixttpavwv ty^c; xoXstoq dZektfcov, 



78 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

y.<xl eiq toutou; xpoeTstvEv d\Liauq to SiaB^a, d~k\' outoi dxsxonqOYjaav 
auTO, XeyovTs; oti xaTa tou; dyx w Pt° u ? vo^lou; ^jlovov ot ex, (JaffiXtxou ye- 
vou; xaTayopisvoc BuvavTai vd XaSwat to axe^a tyj; X w P a ?« '0 ^H^ataTiwv 
Oaupid^wv ty)v yevvaco^uxtav twv Buo vewv toutwv dBsXtpwv : ((Ast^aTs 
liot Xoixov, elxsv, dXXov Ttvd ex tou JiagiXtxoG a\'[iaTo; xaTayojisvov, ogti; 
dva6atvwv sxt tou 6povou va Xrya^ovYjaYj oTtdxo <jd; t6v sXa6s.)) — ((Asv yvw- 
pc^o^sv dXXov Ttvd, dxsxptOiqaav ot Buo dBsX^ot, tojoutov aqtov TYjXtxauTY); 
dpyj);, oaov tov 'A6BaXX6^tvov, ostc; xaTayeTat (xsv ^x (SaaiXtxou yevou;, 
aXXd Bwd ttjv evBstdv tou xarrjvTYjas vd xop(tj)Tac Td xpo; to £yjv dvayxaca 
Bid twv cBtwv tou xs^pwv, xaXXtepywv [juxpov Tiva xfjxov ^xto; ty); xoXew;' 
sc; Bl tyjv dxopfav tou TauTYjv xsptfjXOsv evsxa ty); dxspatoTYjTo; tou x a P a ~ 
XTYjpo; tou, ox; TotauTY) elvai y] [jioTpa twv tc^juwv dvBpwv.)) 'O 'H^ataTtwv 
BisTa;e tou; Buo dBsXcpou; vd dxeXStoatv ec; tov 'A6BaXX6[juvov xal vd tov 
GTe^wacv d|JL£(70)c; {iastXea StBwvo;. EupovTs; B* o5toi auTov xaOapi^ovxa 
tov xyjxov tou, eaxsuaav d^iiaw; vd t6v daxacOwcH xal vd tov iyxaTaaTYjawac 
(SaatXsa twv. 

((Katpo; xXeov, g> 'ASBaXXojJitvs, tw elxov, vd dq>Y]aYj; Td xoTaxd xal 
x£vr/pd auTd cpope^aTa xal vd xspt6XYj0fi; tyjv xop<pupav ttjv oxocav col <pe- 

pO[X£V». 

'0 'ASBaXXo^tvo; xspclcTY) ec; dxopcav TauTa dxouwv xal YjpwTYjasv 
aiiTou; BioctI Bsv y)cjx uvovto outw vd tov x^^ ^ 17 ^' dXV ol dBsXcpol (k- 
SatouvTs; auTov oti Bev tov IxXeua^ov, tov exXuvav xpwrov xal tov ixa6d- 
piaav, exetTa Bs tov xepce6aXov xP u<TOy -£ VTY ) TOV l^avBuav xal tov wBiqyYjaav 
s(; Td dvdxTopa ^£Td tyj; dvYjxouaY); el; tov u^rjXov (3a6(Ji6v tou tc^;. 

Ot xXstaTOt twv xaTotxtoV ^x^P 1 Q !7av ^eydXo)? ytyvwaxovTsq Td; dpsTdc 
tou vsou ^aatXIw; twv, dW eT£pot,xXouatot xp6 xdvTwv, e'yoyyu^ovxap- 
pY]a(a x£pt9povouvT£<; ocutov Bid ttqv xpOT£pav £Xe£tvY)v xaTaaTaafv tou. 

'O 'AXs^avBpo^iupoffxaXeffa? tov 'A6BaXX6[xtvov xaJ exi Ttva xpovov 
xapaT^prjaac; auTov: ((To ^66; aou twovtc, tw elxe, <JUEXcp(ov£t jx£ Td >,£- 
yojjLEva x£pt T"^; y£WY)a£to; aou, dW IxtSu^w auyxpovox; xa! iyd) vd axouaw 
xax;£6daTaj£(; ttjv EvBctdvaou)). «ET0£ [ih ttjv ocutov uxo^jlovyjv vd (taaTaaw 
y.al to aT£^(ia, dx£xp(6r) 6 'ASBaXXoviyioq'a! X £ ^P^ t^ou ocutocc [lo\ ixpo- 
^f/OEUjav Td dvayxald ^jlou y.al ouBevo; EaTEpYjOiQV, ytvwaxwv xdXXtaTa 

OTt Y) X£Via B£V £Xl^£p£l TTJV XuXT/V dX7/ Y) £xt0u^,(a)). 

EuapEaTr^El; Td (JLeytaTa 6 'AXs^avBpo; 1% ty^; dxavTYjasw; tocutyjc; 
tou 'ASBaXXojxfvou, ^sydXr^v auvlXaSsv tBeav icspl ty); dpSTY^; tou vsou 
£aatXi<i><; ty); StBwvo?, xal (xfav twv eu^popwTspwv xat xXouatwTepwv x^gdv 
[lzzz. tou xpaTou; ocutou guvy^ev. 

"Axaaa yj Supta xal yj 4>otvtxY) uxeTdyiQaav yjByj et; tov 'AXe^avBpov 
xapexT^g tyjc; Tupou. 'Qvo^d^sTO Be yj (xeyaXoxpexY); auTY] xoXtc; (($<xai~klq 
ty); GaXdaary;)) Sta Td dxstpa auxriq xXoutyj xal to ^£XP c < 7T£pdTG)v tou 
t 6ts x6a^Lou ixTSTa^evov i^xoptov TYjq. Kai xaT* dpx^? ^iv y^ Tupoq 






ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 79 

£X£tTO sxt Yjxsfpou, dWa @a0[j/r)Bov £XE^ET£tv£ Td XTtptd ttq? Ext ^paxwBou? 
viqatBtou, ^tcjeog x£ptxou ^tXtou x£ptcplp£tav exovto<;, xat x^P^ ^^ 011 
dxoTYjq ^Yjpaq Btd xop0u,ou, tjtoi. Bed cjtsvou $p<x%iovoc; Q<x~kdGGi)q, xiXiuv 
^TQ^aTcov xXaToq exovTog. Kat TOiauTY)V 0£<7tv xpo£Tt^wv xdvTOTE ot I^xopot 
<I>otvtX£<; xaTa xoXXdq xsptaxdastq. 

Auo Bs atwvaq xat Yj^juauv xpo TYJq EtpoBou twv MaxsBovwv, tq YjxstpWTtxY) 
Tupog uxeax-Q ^axpdv xat Tpo^ispdv xoXtopxtav sxt BexaTpta sty) uxo tou 
NaSouxoBovoaopoq, @a<7tXsw<; tyjc; Ba6uXwvoq. Kat Bev dva<psp£Tat [liv 
oti T) xoXtq xaTsaTpd<pY) ux' auTou, dW sxtots cpatvsTat oti oi xaTotxot 
TYJq £?]pd<; eyy.aTaXet^avTet; tou<; o't'xouq xat to: uBpaywystd twv, dxsaup- 
<jav stq tyjv vrjaov. 

Ot xaTotxot ty)<; vsaq Tupou 0swpY)<7avTS<; eppovt^ov vd cu^6t6aa0wat 
(ist& twv yjBy) xpoaspxo^evwv MaxsBovwv xs^avTsc; xpsa6stav ex. twv 
sxtaiq^oTspwv xoXtTwv xpoasq)spav siq tov BopuxrrjTopa xaTa to s0oc; twv 
tots xP° v wv xpuaouv CTE^avov e^atatou ^sys0ouc;, w<; BsTypia tyjc; uxoTayYJq 
twv. To Bsly^a o^wq touto cpatvsTat (kt Bsv YJpsasv st<; tov BopuxTY)Topa. 
'O 'AXe^avBpo*; 6sXwv x.aTa ypd^a vd xaTaarn x.uptoc; yr}q ts xal 0a- 
Xaacrif]?, uxoxptvopievoc; Byj0sv oti Bsv s*vs&d0uvsv eiq tou<; dxoxpucpou<; axo- 
xouq tgjv, xaT* dpxd? jjisv dvYjyystXs <ptXtxw<; Bed xpsa&swv stq toik; xaTot- 
xou? tyj<; xpwT£uo6(TY]<; oti £x£06[jL£t vd stasX0Yj s*vto<; auTY)<;, iizl Xoyw vd 
xpoaxpspY) 0uatav e!<; tov MsXxdpTY]v, tov s'cpsaTtov Bsov tyj<; xoXswg. 

Suvy]6o3i; Bs t6v 0sov toutov ot w EXXyjvs<; wvo^a^ov Tuptov *HpaxXsa, 
xakot jxsydXwt; Btscpsps tou tBtxou twv 'HpaxXsouq. Kat ot Tuptot B' ^9' 
£T£pou dxYjv^sav Bi' £uax^ovoc; ux£y,(puy^ oti xpo0u^iwc; ^£V xap£Bi- 
Xovto tov 'AXd^avBpov vd xpoccpdpr) ty)V 0ua(av £V ty^ dpxata xo),£t, dXX' oti 
Pyjtyjv dxov y.&\xzi dxocpaatv vd (jly) Ecaaydywatv Ivto<; twv teix^v ifjq via? 
Tupou outs Max.£B6va, outs nipar^v. 'AyavaxTTjaac; B' 6 'AXeSavBpoq 
£xl ty) To7^Y]pa TauTY) dxavTY]a£t, apiaBlx£ipax0£t<; st? to cpcXoTtpiov, dxo- 
x£[X'^a<; touc; xpiaSetc; ocutwv ^£Td 0u^lou dx£cpd(jt(j£V dtp' iauTou vd exxXiq- 
pwa|) ty)v £xi0uuJav tou Bid ty)<; ?axuoq twv oxXwv. 

'Ava^LcptooXwq Bs xpiv x^u-^wat tyjv dxocpaafv twv TauTYjv ot Tuptot, 
£/.a^Jiav tou<; uxoXo.ytapioui; ocutwv, y.al Eyfyvwa-xov t]Btq xola I^leXXov vd 
etvai Td dxoT£X£atJiaTa tyjc; dyEpwxou twv TauTY]<; dxoy.p(a£wq' ouB' extvYj- 
ftr^txv ^£6a(w<; eiq touto i% tyjc; xpog ty)v dv£^apTY]a(av twv dydxY]?, Biotc 
Y^aav y]By) uxoT£>,£t<; <popou £t<; tou<; Ilipaag, to dTo^txov Bl jxaXXov au^cpl- 
pov xapWTpuv£V otuxoug elq t6 xtvYjyia touto. 

*H Il£p(jiXT?) auToxpaTopfa hh dx^v £ta£Tt xaTacrTpacpYJ, tq Bs vauTtXY) 
otuTY]? Buvayitq £B£axou,£ ir\q 0aXd(j(jiQ<;,xal 6 Aap£to<; xpog toutok; ETOt^d- 
t^cov vlov aTpaTOV l\izXkz ^£6afwg vd auyxpOTYjaYj vlav txdxY]v (ji£Td twv 
Max£B6vwv. Asv t)to Bl xt0av6v ixt tIXou? vd jxy) IxtTUXT) xat 6'AXd^avBpoc; 
eiq ty]v (JL£yd^Y]V auTou £xtx £ ^piQ^^, xat vd yn?) BuvY]0fj vd xaTaaTpl^Y) to 
j a7 upov ^aatX£tov ty]^ Il£pcrfa<;; n Av Xotxov «ot E^xopot Yjy£^6v£<;)), w<; dx£- 



80 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

xXY)0Tqaav ol Tupioi, exeTuyxavov v< * Bel^wst yevvatav dvTtaTaatv, (kSaiwc; 
Yj0eXov xaTaaTa0jj ^eydXYjq euyvto^oauvYjc; xal xepcxonrjaeox; a£iot Sids tyjv 
^eydXYjv auTwv iciaxtv xal dfpoatwacv. 

IloXXd 8' elxov o'ixo0sv BtBo^eva evGappuvaeox;, xal xpo xdvT<ov to 
dxop0YjTov Tijq 0eaea><; tov, xal oti ev &pa dvdyxYj<; YjGeXov Xd6ei @oY)0e(a<; 
xapd ttj<; dv0Yjpd<; dxocxfaq twv, tyj? Kapx^Bovoq, eiq y}v elxov (JieydXaq 
eXxcBag' aXXd xal xdXiv oux 6X(yov eBiaTa^ov xepl tou xpaxTeou, xal yi- 
yag yjByj xapd tolq xoXXotc; iyeveTO xaTayoq, oti 6 'AxoXXwv, o5 Ttvo? to 
e'l'BwXov ix tyj? dpxata<; Tupou yieTexo^a0Yj stq tyjv veav xdpw @OYj0e(a<;, 
(Btav euvocav exwv xpog t6v 'AXe$avBpov, IcpdvYj et<; xoXXouq xaT' ovap, 
Xeywv oti, e*xetB9j Bev T(p Yjpeaxov to: uxo twv Tupfwv xpaTTojxeva xaTd 
t9)v xoXiopxtav, e^eXeTa vd iyxaTaXec^ifj tyjv veav Tupov' ol Be xaTocxoc 
wg avSpwxov auTO^JLoXoQvTa (xeTa y,£ydXou ^yjXou xal e\0ouacaa^ou eBeaav 
oV (ax^pwv axocvcwv t6 a^uxov e'cBwXov et<; tov 0e6v twv MeXxdpTYjv, 'AXe- 
^avBpcaTYjv auT&v dxoxaXouvTe<;. 

'ExtxsipYjaat; 8' 6 'AXe^avBpog vd dvaXd6if) tyjv xoXcopxfav tyj<; (via?) 
Tupou, cuyxaXe(ia<; tou<; ts STaipou? xal lobq YjyetJi6va<; tou GTpaTou, xal 
tou<; Ta?cdpxag xal tou<; ?Xdpxou<; eXe£s TaBe: 

«"AvBpe<; <p(Xot xal G'()[L{l<x%oi, outs xaTd tyj<; AlyuxTOU @Xexo) oti \xaq 
elvat aV^aXeg vd ixeXGwpLsv, iv6a(j) ol Ilepaat elvat xuptot tyjc; 0aXda<7Yj<;, 
outs tov AapeTov vd xaTaBito^w^iev, av dtpYjaw^ev oxiaGev YjyitoV tyjv xoXtv 
twv Tupcwv d^4>(6oXov xal tyjv A'cyuxTov xal ttqv Kuxpov elq tyjv ijouariav 
Twvllspawv, y.al xaTd Td aXXa jjlsv, xpo xdvTwv Bs Btd Td eXXifjvtxd xpdy- 
liaTa. 'Evoaq) $i\Leiq 6d xpo/wpw^xev \xk dxaaav tyjv Buva^iv tq^jlwv xaTd ir\q 
Ba6uX6)vo<; y.al tou Aapefou, o! rispaat \ik tov yiyav cjtoXov tcov xuptsu- 
ovts<; tou<; xapaOaXaaatoug toxou?, 6d jJLSTacpspwfTt tov xoXs^ov dq tyjv 
*EXXdBa, xaSoaov ^dXcaTa o! ^xsv AaxsBai^vtot ^xdc; xoXs^ouct xaT' su- 
Bstav, ol B' 'AOr^valot xwXuovTat ixl tou xapovTO? vd xpd^wat Tt xaO' yj^lwv 
ix cp66ou ^JidXXov yj I? suvota? xpog Yj^aq" dXX' dv dxsvavTtag Yj^ec? xa0uxo- 
Td^to^sv T"?jv Tupov, dxaaa tq ^otvfxTQ 6d uxox^pYjayj st<; Yj^Ld?, exo^evax; Bs 
xal t6 vauTtx6v ty}<; <J>otvfxY]i;, ib oxolov elvat dvwTepov xa! xeptaaoTepov tou 
Ilepatxou, BtOTi Bev 6d uxocpepwai ^eSatwt; ot <f>o(vixe<; vauTat xal o? ixcSd- 
Tat Twv, a(xa xupteuBwaiv at xoXetq twv, vd xtvBuveuwatv auTot xXeovTeg 
uxep dXXwv. Kal yj Kuxpo? B' auTY) totc euxoXw? 6d uxoTax0TJ» ij xal 15 
i9oBou 0d xupteu0fj Btd 0aXdaar ; c;. 'Aqjou Be (xs Tag MaxsBovtxdg TptY)- 
pet<; xal Ta<; ^>otvtxtxd<; evwawpiev xal Ta xXoIa tyjc; Kuxpou, jkSatox; t6tc 
xuptot ytvo^evot ty^<; 0aXdaanq<;, 0d xXeuaw^xev datpaXcIx; oxou 0eXo^xev ^if)B6- 
Xgx; ivBotd^ovTeq, xupteuovTeg Be (idXtaTa xal tyjv A'tyuxTOV, ouBe[i(av T6Te 
uxot^tav 0d exw[xev xepl ty)<; IBfag yj^lwv y^g.)) 

Ol aTpaTirjyol xal ol Yjye^ovec; ixeuqrrjpujcav e!<; tou<; Xoyouq toutou? 
tou 'AXe^dvBpou, xal yjByj xdvTe? ixdvayxeg i0ea)pYjaav vd xupteuaoat ty^v 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 81 

VaUT5X"?jV TaUTYJV XoXlV. "Av£U GToXoU O^Jltoc; XWq Va ilUlX6tpif)ff(i)<Jt TYJV aXw- 

acv tyj<; Tupou, xal xd><; vd £xit£0g)<71 xaT' auTfj?; Kal val ^sv aux6<; 6 'AXe- 
£av8poc; eSsSatwae tov cTpaTOV tou oti elBs xaT' ovap tov Tupcov ^HpaxXIa 
uxoaxo^svov £ k aikov tyjv e? u<^ou<; dpwyYjv tou, dXXa «a Civ 'AOyjvqc xal 
X£tpa x(v£D). Kal dXXa 8' ovetpa IX£f£v <m elBev 6 'AX£?av8pog* tw ItpdvYj 
oti aaTupog ti? exacts ^iet' auTou tiaxp60£v, aXX' ots £xXY)<j(a£,£V el? auTOV, 
sxelvoq e^suye' TeXoq 8£ jji£t« xoXuv dywva xal ^£Ta xoXXdg £v0lp|Jiou<; 
xapaxXYja£c<; xal ^vt6vou<; axeiXaq £xXYjaca^£ \xh 6 adTupoq, 6 8* 'AXe^av- 
8po<; cuXXa6o>v auTOV, tov lacptyyev etg Tag dyxdXag tou. 01 ^dvT£t<; £^yj- 
YYjsav d^toXoya to ov£tpov, 8caipouvi£<; tyjv X££iv xal "kiyovtzq oti y) Xl^tq 
aaTUpog iaYj^aivs t6 dd. laTai T(rpoc;. 

Tyjv e?iv -^ Syj Xa6wv 6 'AXeljavSpoq 8ta tyjc; ixcyiovou QeX-qazibq tou 
va xaOccjTa Ta d8uvaxa 8uvaTa, dx£9d<jc<i£v evtovgx; va guvevoxjyj ty)v vyjgov 
[X£Ta tyj<; aT£p£aq, dxox£pGovG>v tov axo^wpt^ovTa aiiTYjv xop0^6v, £9' ou 
I[X£XXs va gtyjgyj Tag xoXtopxYjxtxdg ^Yjxavdg, 8t* wv Ta GTpaT£uyiaTd tou 
&9£tXov va £xix£co)at xaTa tg>v T£ix&v tyj<; x6X£(oq. 

'Ex. twv £p£txcwv 8£ tyj? dpxatac; Tupou 6 'AX£?av8po<; £X£X£tpYjas va 
£xcT£0fj xaxa ir\q \ictq. Kal -J) to ^£V yj 6scji<; tyj<; icoXewq iaxup^ ^ <pua£G)<;, 
dXXa xal 8cd tyj<; t£xvyj<; wxupwOf) £xl ^aXXov. Kakoi 8' 6 8taxo>p^G>v T *)V 
vrjaov dxo tyj<; ^Yjpag xop0^6<; yjto cizvbq, xal (i6Xt€ yj[juc7£0<; ^cXtou xXaToq, 
wq eTpYjTai, @cata GdXaaaa cuxvdxcc; evtoc; auTou £puztv£To, G9o8po<; 8e 
(8utc%6<;) dv£^.o<; Tpo^£pa<; xoXXaxtg ivzbq auTou BtYjyetps Tpcxu^cac;, 8t' 
(ov iv d/,ap£t Sid^opa xaT£aTp£$)OVTO Ipya* xai to u8wp ^to ^a0u I'ox; 6t,to)- 
xa(8£xa x£ptxou x68a<;, '6^Y]Xa 81 xpo? touto^ t£(x"0 dxaTEpydaTou Xt0ou 

TT?)V X£pi£X.U7.X(i)V0V 7.al X0X£^L£968ta £XpO[JLr i 0£U£TO 8ld.TWV xXoftOVTY]?. 

Auo xpoq toutok; uxfipxov Xt^i£V£<;, 6 elq xpoq tyjv Sc8o>va, 6 8' £T£poq 
xaTa votov xpoq tyjv A'i'yuxtov, ou xal to gto^iov 8td (JL£YdXwv x£pi£- 

%X£t£TO dX6(7£0)V. 

Ot /.aTocxot TY^q VYjcjou [XY)8£v6<; 6xoX£tx6[JL£Vot xaTa TS TYJV 8pa<TTY)pC- 
6TY)Ta, t6 jjirjxavtxov xv£upia xal tyjv vauTcxYjv voYjpioauvYjv, !6X£xov d^ipt- 
{j.vot Ta xtvYj^aTa tou £x0pou, Xiyovzeq x£xot0oT(i)<; OTt Y^aav iv da$iaX£fa 
dxivavTt dvTtxdXou, ixax£iXouvTO<; (xiv, dXXa y.at ^jlyj toX^jlwvtoc $ehodu>q 
xaxa tyjv (Slav auTwv, [L-qhk 8uva^i£vou va £xtX£tpY]aY) tax u P av £<po§ov xaTa 
ty)<; xoXeg)? auTwv, dXX'iXTfja^ovYjaav out£ xdv s'cjuXXoYiaOYjaav oti 6 £X0poq 
o5to<; y^to 6 'AXi^avSpoq !Kat eizz^z ^£Vo5to<; y.Y)pu/,a<; ^yjtwv tyjv xapd- 
8oaiv Twv, aXX' 0! Tuptoi xapd xav 8i£0v£c; Blxatov, a^d^avTE? tolx; y.Y]puxac; 
cppt^av auToug Ix,t6<; twv T£ix^v ty)<; x6X£0)<;. Touto 8e 8tY]p£0ta£ tyjv x°- 
Xiqvtou 'AX£^dv8pou i%\ piaXXov xaxd twv Tuptcov. 

'Exixstpif)ffavTs<; 8' 0! Maxeoove? va ivwawat tyjv vyjuov ^£Td tyjc; ?yj- 
pa<;, acp0ovov ^v tw a[xa £upov to xpoq touto dvayxatouv uXtxov, xal Ta jjlev 
xp6^ xaxaax£UYjv dxatToujJisva ^uXa iXr^r^av £X twv xlSpwv tou Ai6dvou 
8pou<;, yj 8' Yjx£tp(OTtxYj YjTot Yj dpxaca Tupo<; tx£ydXoug xal dyxcoBEtc; 



82 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAE3ANAP0Y 

xapslx £ X(0ou<;, suyoXwq B' IvEXTQyvuovTO xdaaaXoi sic, t6v cXuwBtq eysivov 
@u06v, Bta tyj<; lXuo<; auTY]<; evxoq auTOu GTSp£oupi£VOL MsydXYjv B' axavT£<; 
sBEiyvuov xpo0u^juav ec<; to Ipyov, ya06aov pidXiaTa 6 'AXs^avBpoc; xapwv 
X6yoc<; ts yal Ipyocg tou<; spya^o^ivoui; xapwTpuvs, xavTocoTpoxw<; cu^jl- 
xpaTTwv yal dvayoucpit^wv auTOu?* xal XsysTat jJidXcaTa oti xpoksc^evou vd 
qjspwcn ^xsyav oyyov ^jiaTos ux& Ta ts£x?) twv Tupiwv, xpwToc; ai>TO<; xXyj- 
pwaag yocpcvov x^aTOt;, tov (xsTs<p£p£V oxou yjto XP £ ^ a * T0 ^ s xapaBeiy^xa 
toutc (X£ydXY)V lx et exippoYjv BtoTi ol May£B6v£?, dxXot cTpaTtwTae %al 
d^cwpiaTcyo', outw ^Xsxovtsc; tov ^atrtXIa epya^o^evov, Ivtw dpia Tat; X^ a ~ 
^uBaq dxoppt^avTsq, axav to dvayxaiouv x w ^ a £V pwcfj o^aXpiou Bia twv 
w^jiwv auTwv ^TYjyayov. 

Kal yaT* dpxdq l^sv to Ipyov Bev £<patv£To tocoutov Buaxsp^* Bi6tt to 
uBwp yjto pif]X 0V *-al °t epydTat ax!x 0VT£ S xoXu axo twv xoXcopyoujJtivwv 
B£v t]v(jl>7 v Xouvto Ox' auiwv yaTa tyjv wpav ty)<; Ipyaacag, of; Be Tupcot axo 
twv Tstxwv 6cG)pouvT£<; TYjv exix £ t P*] 171 ^ yaT£ylXwv ty)v ^(opcav yal tyjv 
^Xay.£tav twv MaxEBovwv, oVtivec; ^vopu^ov otc 6 'AXI^avBpOf; yjto uxsp- 
T£po<; tou rioaeiBwvo?, Totauxa iicixeigity^evoq, ya06aov ^aXtuxa, execBy] 
to uBwp £y(yv£TO @>a0uT£pov, tj £pyaa(a xaOcaxaTO @paBuT£pa. MEi'oXtyov 
o^mc, yal oi Tupcoi, @X£xovt£<; TouqMax£B6va<; (xvj dyvouvxac; vd Ipyd^wvTac 
axouBatoT£pov, Yjpxtaav yal outoi vd auXXoyf^wvTat axouBacwq x£pl tou 
xpdy^aTog xal yjBy) xoXXdq auvayayovT£<; ^Y)xavd<; x£pl Td t£(x?) xaxd to 
jxlpoq pidXiJTa, bxo u to x^^a £lx £ xpojEyytaei, IpptxTov @IXy] yal X(6ou<; 
uxEpoyyouq xaxd twv xoXiopyQTtov. 

Kal B'.d tou gtoXou twv xpoalxi £X£pxopi£vot, yaStJTtov tt]v xpoc^oatv 
Bu<TXspssTdTY]v yal dv£u IXxiBog £xtTux^a<;, yaOoaov xp6 xdvTwv o! elq to 
Ipyov £vaaxoXou[JL£voi £xpoy,£iTO auyxpovw<; vd ipyd^wvTat %cd vd pidxwvTat, 
dxoypouovTEq Taq xpoa6oXd<; twv dvTtxdXwv twv. Kal xpo<; ux£pdaxco - tv yi£V 
aiiTwv 6 'AXI^avBpog Bt£Ta^£ vd xaTacrx,£uaa6wac Buo ^uXtvoc xupyot xapd 
ty) ay pa tou xw^axoq, ouq xal [X£Ta Beptxdxwv yal Bc<pO£pwv yaXu^avT£? ot 
xoX'.opyiQTaf, TY]X£&6Xoug ex' auTwv laTYjaav {JiYjxavdc;, dxoypouovT£q Taq 
axo T£ twv xXofcov yal twv tecxwv xpoa6oXd<; twv exOpwv, yal xpoxwpouv- 
ts<; Six tyj<; yevvafaq yal dyaTaBa^daTou auxwv ixt^ovrjg ec<; to Ipyov* 
dWa yal ot Tupioi, dXXo yal oOtoi ^£T£X£tpfa0Y]aav piY]xdv£u^a. 'E^xXy]- 
cavTs<; ^r^pwv yXr^dxwv yal d'XXwv £U9Xlyxwv uXwv xXotov ^opTYjyov yal 
lxt0£VT£<; ex* auTOU xfjaav, 6eIov yal Td TotauTa, £X£X06vte<; Btd tou xapa- 
xXlovTOt; (jtoXou twv, yaxlyauaav tou<; Buo xupyoug, ly Be tyj<; fjfaq twv yu- 
[xaTOJV yal t6 bXov Ipyov yaTEffTpdtpY) oyiofwc;. 

E(<; ^sydXr^v B' d^xavtav x£p'.Y]X0£ v-uv 6 'AX£^avBpo<;, ^Xexwv to 
Buax^pe*; ~ r ^ cyjoiou tou, ox£p yal xoXXwv dvBpwv tov oX£0pov £XY)yay£, 
yal yjBy) Xeysxai pxt flfoue^dffiae vd dpyj tyjv xoXtopyfav, dXXd to tocoutov oute 
xpo<; tov x^payrTipa, oute xpoq id dXXa axsBia tou 'AXE^dvBpou juv^Bev, 
ojti? ISXexev TJBY] oti to xdv stxaTatouTO dv e^jlevev dxpayTO? Y) yaTd tyj? 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 83 

Tupou rcoXtopttta tou. 'Exl teXouc; Bs ymtBuv <m jJisyd)oQV efyev dvdyxYjv 
ct6Xou, Ituyj^Gsv auToxpoawxwc; etc; HtBwva (A£Ta twv uxaaxtcTwv tou y.al 
twv 'Ayptdvwv, cxe6Bcs)V vt^ auyixapaXd6fl baa? €%et eupccy-e Tprfjpeic;, dXk' 
f) tuxy) c'V.ofav ^opcpYjv luapea/sv etc; t6 xpayu-a. 

Kal ^u>v yisv d<p* evoc; 6 yvwcToc; yju^v dpxtvauapxo? twv Ilepawv Me- 
(jlvwv, dc;t6Xoya cuvsXa6e yiTpa, 8t* a>v Bta tou gtoXou ^sydXTqv yjGsXev sxt- 
cpspst sv IlsXoxovvTjaq) dvTtBpaatv y.aTa twv cx £ ^ wv T0 & 'AXsc;dvBpou, y.at 
tyjv xavTsX-q auTou ttaTaaTpocp-qv exaxetXouaav, (istcc t6v 0dvaTov buxoc; tou 
Mlpivovoq, dtp' evoc; {Jisv 6 gaatXeuc; tyjc; Ilspafaq ^jlyj y,aTavoY)aac; ty)V gxou- 
BatoTYjTa twv e^atpeTwv cxeBtwv tou GTpaTYjyou xatptav exiqyaye xToqyYjv 
etc; tov gtoXov, y-£Ta6t6daa<; touc; ev auxw w EX),Y]vac; ^taGocpopou<; etc; tyjv 
?Y)pdv xaTa tyjv iAdxY)v tyjc; 'Iggou, dtp* eT£pou Be y.at ot tyjv TtuSipvYjatv tou 
gtoXou dvaXa66vT£<; vuv, 6 dvs^toc; tou Mejivovoq <f>apvd6a^oc;, /.at 6 Auto- 
<ppa8aTY)<;, sva> 'AXs^avBpoc; eXeixsv EtasTt sit; tyjv KtXtxtav, oux* [Jiovov 
Bev xpoxapeaxsuaaav (AEydXYjv Ttva y.at GxouBatav vauu^axtav, dXXa xat dxs- 
vavTtac; etc; Btacpopouc; GToXtaxouc; BtatplaavTEc; tov gtoXov aiiTwv xsptE- 
tplpovTO XacpupaywyouvTsc; *at xupxoXouvTEc; tyjv AsaSov, tyjv TeveBov, t<x<; 
KuxXdBaq %al tyjv Xfov. 

Outo) B'6 {Jilyac; gtoXo? twv Tlspawv svuipEtjiiv s^stVEV dvsvlpyYjTOc;, 
£v uipetBexpoawpuJaGY) tiq tyjv Kw, y.at to (XEyaXstTEpov yipoq ixt teXou? 
elq tyjv Stcpvov. Kal TjXxt^ov yiv 0? Ilipaai vauapxot va xdawat tou? 'AGyj- 
vatouc; fcatTou<;@Y]6a[ou<; va eystpwatv dvTapatav Ttva /.aTtz Tou'AX^dvBpou, 
dXX' ouTOt y.£V Yjpxi<j0Y]aav jjlovov va xi^wat xp£a6stc; eiq tov Aap£lov auvo- 
yLoXoyouvT£<; autx^axtav y,aTa tou 'AX£?dvBpou, yiovoq B' 6 T Ayt<;,ga(Ti>w£U(; 
TtovAazsBat^ovfwv, EXOajvauToxpoawxdx; ^eTajxta? (jlovov TptYjpou? sc<;tou<; 
ivSt^v^vaudpxou? tyj? IlEpafat; £^Y]TY]a£ 7pY]^aTa y,alBuvd^JL£t<; xap'auTwv, 
Ixl X6y(p va {X£Ta6fj etc; nEXoxovvYjaov, y.al auv£voutx£voc; yi£Ta twv aXXwv 
*EXXyjv(Bo)V tcoXewv va exeX0Y) y.aTa tou e\ MaxeBovfa 'AvTtxaTpou. 

Kat £B60Y]aav jjlev e?<; auT^v TpiaxovTa TaXavTa y.al Bixa Tpi^pei? a"Ttv£<; 
5cal IxipupGYjaav etc; tov ^v Tatvdptp 'Ayqat^aov ^etcz xapayy£^;a<; va xXeujy^ 
baov Ta^tov eiq KpY]TY]V %al va xaTdaxiQ auTYjv, dXX' y) x£pt ty^v 'Iaaov &&xq 
%<x\ y) xoXtopxfa tyj? Tupou dXXocav ^.opcpYjv xap£a^ov etc; t6 xpdy^a. 

Ot cu^a/ot twv Tlepcwv ev£/.a tyjc; etc; Ta xpoaw xpooBou tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou, dxocx(i)U.£vot dx6 £%s£v<dv, xpoGuu.a)c; xpoaYjpxovTO £?<; aiiTov, (b<; y.u- 
ptdpxYjv T(ov auTov 0£wpouvT£c;. rispt Tdq dpxdc; Be tyj<; dvot^Ewc; TYjpoaTpa- 
to<;, 6 (iaatXEuc; ty^c; 'ApdBou, 7.at 6 tyjc; B66Xou Yjye^wv "Evu^oc; dxoXtxov- 
tec; tyjv AuTo6paBdTY)V za! tov ^>apvd6a^ov xpoaYjXGov £t<; tov 'AXsc^avBpov 
u.£Ta txavwv xXo((ov, aTtva cuv£V(o0£VTa yisTa twv StBwvtwv, dxETEXscav 
ctoXov 6yBoY)*ovTa xEptxou x^otwv, auyxpovwc; Be %<x\ aXXat TptYjpstc; dcpt- 
xovto £% PoBou, y.al ETEpa xXota i% SoXwv y.at MaXXou xal Auxtaq, xpo? 
TOUTOt? V dcptx.ETO %u\ 6 i? IxaTov e'txoat xXouov auyxef^Evoc; gto^oc; ty^c; 



84 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Kuxpou, uxtts 6 'A).s£av8po? sfysv tjBtq gtoXov £% Tptaxoatwv xspfxou %7kOl 
G)v autAxoaouyievov. 

Kal ev ba q> tiiv 6 yi^a? o5to? ctoXo? YjTOtyid^sTo Tup6<; dfau6rcetpav vau- 
jjiaxia?, 6 'AXs^avBpo? ccvaXa6<bv 't'Xa? Ttvd? twv txxswv xal tou? Oxaaxt- 
GTa?, xal tou? 'Ayptdva?, xal tou? To?oTa? sxy)X0s xaxd twv 'ApaStxwv 

<pU>ODV TOU At6aV0U, TG)V ToflaTptXOV @10V {JL£T£pXO^£VG)V Xaid TtoV lxsl0SV 8ta- 

SatvovTcov oBotxoptov y.at oiXka yiv <ppoupca £^£xop0Y)a£v,aXXa 8s8td guv0tj- 
xy)? si? auTov xapsB60Y]aav, cuyxp6 V0) ? ^ ^ TSTpaxtax^ot a&T<i> dcptxovTO 
CTpaTtwTat £y, ttj? 'EXXdBo?, xuBspvu^svot uxo tou KXsdvBpou. 

Kal xaT' apxd? yiv ot Tuptot gxoxov dxov vd vau^axTjawat yi£Td tou 
'AXe^dvBpou, dxoXou0G)? opiG)? (JXexovueq t6v ^lyav auTou ctoXov, d<psvT£? 
Ta xepl vauu-axta? cjx^ tc * twv, x£pio)pfa0Y]cav vd ^uXdVuwat Bed Tptiqptov xd 
axo^ta twv Buo Ta^vtov tcdv. 'Evtw du,a 8' 6 'AXs^avBpo? ijpxttf£ vd £x- 
xoTaopxf) xat vd xpoaSaXX?) tyjv xoXtv. 

Kal 6 yi£V Kuxpto? gtoXo? xuSspvu^svo? uxo tou 'AvBpovtxou xal twv 
gaatXitov tyj? Kuxpou xpoffBitopfaGiQ d? xoVtopxtav tou xpo? tyjv StBwva 
@ops(ou XtiJivo?, ot B£ <&oivtx£? oB-qyoupiEvot ux' ocutou tou 'AXs£dv8pou, 
£Tdx0"iQffav £t? xoXtopxtav tou xpo? A'tyuxTov ^£aY][x6pivou Xtjiivo?. 

Kal £8st£av \±kv ot xaTOtxot tyj? xoXew? dxaTavoY]Tov twovti dvTtaTa- 
ffiv, ctBiqpa? acpatpa? xExupaxTW^ilva? ptxTovrs? Bid (lYjxavcov xal Btd X£- 
xauu,svY)? d^piou, daBuovTs? 8s Bid xoXuu.6yjtcdv uxo Td xXoIa xal xoxtovts? 
Td axotvta twv dyxupwv, E(p' & ts xal ot MaxsBovs? ^STSxstpf^ovTO eiq t6 
i^-rj? dXuast?, dXV £xl teXou? ot xoXtopxvjTal xaTG)p0G)<;av oV dxaTavo- 
u,daTOU ysvvatoTYjTO?, exixixtovts? Btxiqv £va£ptwv ovTwv, vd Tcd^JKoat {jL£ya 
pf]YU.axaTdTdT£txir], Bt* o5 ot y.dToty.ot dxsBtwxO^trav stc;Td oxupw^aTaTwv, 
xpaTspd 8s ^<x%f) auv£y.poT-r]0Yj s't<; Ttva<; twv Br^ojfwv ayutwv, %u\ z\q Ta? 
X£^pa<; tou 'AX£?dvBpou ixIxpcoTO t^Btq vd xeuy) "q £t<; Td x^outyj xat ttjv y.s- 
YaXY]V auTfjq Buva^tv £xatpojJi£VY) dy£po)xo<; Tupoq. 

'H XoXtOpT-ta 1T}q TupOU 0£G)p£!iTat ttiq £V £X TWV £XtffTQ^OT£p(i)V IxStCO- 

B((ov tou Il£p(Jo-^a7.£Bovt7.ou xoXI^jlou, Btapxlaaaa £xxd x£ptxou {JL^vaq %cd 
TEXEtwaaaa tw 322 x. X. 'AxwXecje 8' 6 'AX^avBpoc; xa.T* auTYjv xoX6 
xX£tOT£pou<; twv oaot £0avaTW0Y]aav s?? Ta? axpt touBs Ysvopilvaq (Aaxa? 
xal d^tu.axtac; yi£Td twv Uepv&v. Atav 8s ax)oqpa)<; xal dxav0pa)x(i)? ot 
u EXXf]V£? IcpdpOtjcjav, y.aTd Td £?0tapLlva twv tots xpovwv, xa06aov (xdXtaTa 
y.at ot Tuptot cu"XXa66vTS<; xptv MaxsBovat; Ttvdg, dvYjXsax; auTou? xaTsaqja- 
?av. TauTa 8s BtY)pl0tffav (xsYaXwc; too? vt>u]Td<;, o?Ttvsq xal jJiavtwBwi; 
Iax£uaav vd dvTaxoBwawatv stq tou? Tuptou? Td xsfptaTa, s*qj£ta0Y)aav 8s 
tiovov t6v gaatXIa auTwv *A^£|JLtXy.ov, xaTa^uyovTa st<; t6v va6v tou MsX- 

XapTOU? {A£Td TWV ixtCJY]|XOT£p(i)V a6Xtxd)V TOU, Xa0OTt 6 'A^l^avBpO? 8t£TT)- 

pYjffS fa0uTaTa tyjv xoXtTty.T3V vd a£6Y]Tat Td hpd y.al vd ixtxaXYJTat tou? 
0£ou? twv SXXwv £*0va)v. Kat 6/.Taxtax^ tot ^^ v T ^ v d^wvxaTofotoV otxwXI- 
a0r ; aav xaTd Td? xpwTa? a^aYag, TptdxovTOt Bs yj'kid'Ssq (X£Td fuvatxwv xaS 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 85 

xafBwv ixa)XY]0Tf]aav dq BouXdav, hq h. lusptaaou B^ Xeyeiai oti eg><; Btax(- 
Xtot atx^a^wTtaOevTsq dxYjyxoviaOiqaav ^l ty)<; xapaX(a<;. 

*H x6Xi<; ev toutok; 8sv y.aT£aTpd<pY) oXotsXwc;, TouvavTtov Be ^.dXiaTa 
xaTa ty)v dpx^v tyj<; ^piaTiavixijs 6pTqa7,£ia<; ou" yuxpov cpatveTat ccvGouaa. 
*0 'AxojtoXo^ IlauXoc; -qyytaev elqa&TYjv dxepx6^evo<; e?<; ^epouaaMjyi, 
Bid T-rjc; Tupou, oxou y.ac eupev, <b<; dva^lpet xal 6 '{Bto?, xoXXoug xtaTOU<;. 

'Evoacp 8' Itc e , £Y]/.oXo60e.t y) iuoXiopxfa tt)<; Tupou xtaTo? tic; e6vouxo<; 
Tfjq at'x^aXwTou ^aaiXiaaiqc; tyjc; Ilepafaq, Ttpsax; xaXoti^evog^xtTUX&v v dc 
BpaxSTS.UJYJ £/, TOU aTpaTOXeBoU, £Up£ t& yiiaov vd xaTa^uyrj ei<; tov BuaTux?) 
aut^uyov TYjq, ec<; Souaa BiaTpc6ovTa, y.al va yvtoaToxonrjaY) e?<; auT&v otc tj 
gaafXcaaa e'TeXeuTYjae xaTd tov toxstov. 'Exl Be ttj 0Xt6epoc TauTfl etB-rjast 
tou euvouxou xToq^aq tyjv /.ecpaX-qv 6 AapsTog, «3>£U ToGrUpawou Bai^ovoq,)) 
aveSoYjas ^£Ta xiy.ptovBaxpuG)v,«7) y uvyj xal y] dBEXtpY) tou QttGi'kiuq oux& ^ovov 
^waa va ydvfl aii{L&'kwzoq, dXkx %od TE^Eurrjaaaa va ^i?) d^toOfj ^aatXixwv 
Tt^wv)).— «'AXXd Bid Tacprjv, $aaiX£u, y.at 8ta Taq dvTqy,ouaa<; Ti^dq, y.al Bid 
xdv o,ti £xp£X£ vd yEivrj, Bev ex^S va *<*W0<; T0 £^dx t(JT0V xapdxovov s?<; tov 
xovr]p6v Baf^ova twv rispawv. Kal ots e^y) dxopnq y] Bsaxoiva STdcTEipa, %al 
elq tyjv piY]T£pa aou, xal e!q Ta T£/.va aou, Bsv eXst^e xavsv dx6 Td xpoTspov 
dya0d xal xaXd, xapd ptovov vd t^Tj ^Xlxwai t6 (Bixov aou cpa)?, t6 oxoiov 6 
xupiog tou xavToq ^Qpo^daBif]? Gdxd^fl xdXiv vd dvaXdu^fl XauvjupoTepov' 
out£ dxo0avouaa B' eVuepifjOiq ty}<; dvY)/,ouaY)<; yisYaXoxp£xou<;. X£pixonfj- 
cj£0)<;, dXXd 7.al jjl£ Ta Bd/.pua twv ixGpwv iT^YjGr). 

((KaGwq 6'AX^avBpoc; elvat cpo6£poc; dq taq y*<x%<xq, TOtouTOTp6xox; El- 
vat xal dyaGoi; dq i.aq v(xac; tou)). 

'Axouaai; TauTa 6 Aapdo? y.aT£TapdxGiQ Td pL£ytaTa %<xl elq ch;6xou<; 
ivlx£a£v £k t^<; {Ley&X^q tou Xuxtqc; uxo^taq' £tq Ta ^vBoTEpa Be t^<; ax.iQv^<; 
dvay.aX£aac; t6v GaXa^xoXov. 

(( n Av %(x\ au ^e ttjv tuxtqv twv n£pa(5v Bev (j.axeBov(tlQ^ T(p elxs {A£Ta 
(pwv^t; 6BuvY]pdq, dXX* iywo Aapsio? efyat eTt xuptoc; aou" etxs y.ot a£66[X£vo<; 
t6 jjt£ya <pa)<; tou MfGpou, %<xl tyjv BE^idv tou PaatXiox; aou' £ix£ (xot ^LiQxax; 
y,Xa(d)Td ^txpoTaTaTwv 7.a/,(i)VT^<;STaT£(pa(;; w Ot££^y) ux£X£aayL£V£i<;pL£ya- 
X£tT£pa<; auu.cpopd<;, %(x\ IxdGojxEV xoXu <ppiy.TOT£pa BuaTux^aTa, x£ptx£- 
aovT£<; £tg w^jlov xal axdvGpwxov ixGpov. riwi; dXXox; ^£6ato)(; fjBuvaTO vd 
cp£pG"n avi^p V£o? eiq yuvaixa tou ixGpou tou !)) *0 Ttpeax; x£a<bv dq touc; 
xoBaq tou gaaiXiox; tov ixeteus vd eu9Y][xfj y.a£* ijlyjts t6v 'AX^avBpov vd 
dBtx/ft, jjlt]T£ t6v iXax^aTov vd xpoadxTfl ^w^ov el<; ti?jv jjlvyj^v ir\q dxoGa- 
vouaf]?, ^lyjts vd dfpaipfj dx6 t6v £auT6v tou ty^jv ^£y(aTY]V xapYjyopcav otc 
ivtXTjGY) axo avBpa dvwT£pov ty^<; dvQp(ox(vr]<; cpuaEox;, tou^ Be X6you? tou 
toutou<; e'xESESafou 6 6aXa^r ; x6Xo<; lib <ppty.T(ov opxcov, oti xtaT^) xal ayvfj 
dx£0av£V i] ^aa(>.taaa, xal oti tj dp£T-r) xai ^ xpog Td? yuvalxa? dyy.paT£ia 
tou 'A^E^dvBpou *?Jto iiziariq \Lzyd\r,, ibq y.al f) T6Xy-Y) xai tj dvBp£ta auTOu 
Elq tou? ixGpou?, 



86 ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

2uyy.tVYj0et<; Be tote td (jiytcyra 6 Aapetoc; ex, TYjqJUoYjpd; TauTYjt; Biyj- 
yrjasax; tou 0aXa[AY)x6Xou, dvaT£tva<; Ta<; xeTpa<; e*t<; tov oupavov' ((©sot 
yeveOXioi, dvsBoYjasv, o'tTtvet; y,u6epvdTe Tac; $aatXeta<; y,al Ta y.paTY) twv 
eOvwv, e^xol ^ev, BwaaTe vd exavopGaxju) tyjv tuxyjv tyjc; Ilspatac;, y.al vd 
sxavacpspu) auTYjv dq tyjv xpoTepav tyjc; B6£av, ax; 7,at tyjv xapsXa6ov, wctts 
va avTaxoBaxrw el<; tov 'AXs^avBpov laq %dgiiaq iotq 6xota<; xaTa tyjv auu> 
<popdv ^jlou yiol xapeax £V ' "Av o^jlgx; etvat to xexptojjivov, /.axd tyjv et<; Td 
xpdy^aTa tou kocj^ou ve^sctv xai ^£Ta8o)ajv, vd Xd6fl tsXo; yj ^aatXsta twv 
Ilspawv, /.avet; dXXoc; vd y.a0taYj, ^yj extTpe^YjTe, xape/,TO<; tou 'AXs^dv- 
Bpou, ei<; tov 6p6vov tou Kupou !)) 

'Ey7.apBtu)0st<; It. tcov Xoywv tou euvouxou 6 AapsTo;, exe^e veav xpe- 
a6etav dq ToMaxsBovtxov aTpaTox£Bov,_xpoTetVG)v viaq Btaxpay^aTsuaetc; 
stpYjvYj;, y.at xpoacpepwv xpo<; e^ayopdv tyjc; 0'ty.oysvstac; tou Bey.a/.tax^a 
TaXavTa, auyxpovwc; ^ s y>a ^ xapaxwpwv £ t? aiiTov dxaaav tyjv xpoc Buayidc; 
tou EucppaTou x^P av £V tauTG) Bs tyjv x £ ip a TY ^ 0uyaTp6<; tou. 

At veat auTat xpoTaastc; tou Aapstou tyjv auTYjv IXa6ov dxdvTYjatv ax; /.at 
a! xpuYrat. *0 'AXei;avBpoc; e^vuaev OTt outs xp^aTa KaTaBexeTat v « ^^TJ 
xapd tou Aapstou, outs tyj<; x&paq y-zgoq cruspyst vd to> BoGfj dvTt tou oXou, 
y.at oTt xat Td xp^aTa yat yj x^pa slvat tBtxd tou, yat tyjv fluyaTepa Be 
aiiTou, GeXovTog e'lTS ^-yj GIXovtoc; tou Aapetou, BuvaTat vd vu^cpeu0fj xaT' 
dpe<jy.eiav. 

HYj^storusov B' OTt xptv Bo0yj yj dxavTYjatg tou 'AXsc;dvBpou, at xpOTaaet; 
tou Aapstou s<p£p0Y]aav etc; to au^6ouXtov twv MaxsBovwv d^tw^aTtxa)^ 
«"Av Tj^Yjv 'AXsi;avBpoc;, elxev 6 yYjpatoc; y,al xoXux£tpoc; IIap[jL£vta)v, 0d 
xap£B£x6pLYjV Td<; xpoTaa£t<; TauTag tou Aap£tou, y.aTaXua>v outo) tov xo» 
),£^ov, y.at [Li] pt^oytvBuv£ua)v xXeov tyjv tuxy]V twv oXwv Btd tou xoXI^oO.)) 
— «Kat £yw, dx£y,pt0Y) ux£pr i cpdvax; 6 V£0<; %(x\ dx£tpo? etalTt tou %6u\io<i 
'AXI^avBpo<;, y,al eyw 6d Ta<; xapaB£xo^Y]v dv yj^lyjv IIap[jL£vt(i)v)). 

*H au6atp£T0<; auTYj dxavTriat? dq tov yipovTa QTpaTYjyov B£t%vu£t xoaov 
Xa^£pxox; ot dXX£xdXXY]Xot 6pta^6oi Bt£90£tpav tyjv y,apBtav tou vlou {jlo- 
vdpxou, y,al xoaov Ivt6<; auTYjg stalBuaav to dyipwxov %al "fy dXa^ov£ta. 
Et<; t6 £^y)<; Bev 0£Xo[X£V xXIov tBfj tov jjia0YjTYjv tou 'AptaTOTiXoui; Bte- 
xovTa Td? Tuxag twv x6^£d)V y,aTa Ta<; oBYjytac; tou <ptXoaocpou BtBaaxdXou 
tou, ouBs 6!),o^£V To)^Yja£t vd t6v i^o^otd)cw^£v (tdq irjXxt^o[JL£V TouXdxt- 
<jTov), xpogTOV (JL£yav tyj<; dpxatoTYjTOi; cptXoao^ov CTpaTYjyov, tov 'Exa[X£t- 
vwvBav. «M£ydXr i v, eX£y£V indvoq, Tfja0dv£TO y^Bovyjv xai euxaptJTYjatv, Bi6tx 
s^wv et(j£Tt ot yov£T<; tou, o'tTtv£<; tj0£Xov X a PT3 ^^ ^£ytaTa @X!xovtss Ta<; 
7,a^xpdc; tou utou tcov vtxa;)). *0 IIappL£vto)V Bev xaTsI^s 0iatv xaTpo^ dq 
t6v 'Ale^avBpov, y.al etc; auT^v y-sya ^epoc; twv 6ptd^,6wv tou Bev wcpst- 
Xev 6 veap6q Yjys^wv; 'AXXd y.at dcp' eTepou, dcpstXo^isv vd dvaXoytawpisvzat 
tyjv YjXty,tav d^cpoTepwv, %<x\ jAaXtaTa toD 'AXs^dvBpou, ocjTt<; eVatveTO Btd 
tyjv Boqav. Pyjtgx; B' 6 At6Bo)po<; Xlyet OTt tou<; \xkv Xoyouq tou ^actXsax; 



UTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 87 

twv IlepcTWV dxoBoxtpid^wv 6 'AXe^avBpoc;, xat tyjv B6£av xpOTt^Yjaac; xapd 
Tdc; xpoTetvo^iivac; Bwpsdg, TotauTYjv dxoxptatv eBwxev etc; touc; xpea6et<;: 
«OTt, outs 6 Y.6a[koq, av uxdpxwat. Buo YjXtot, BuvaTatvd BtaTYjpYjafl tyjv tBtav 
tou Btaxoa^Yjatv xat Ta£tv, oikeY) otxou^ieYj, av Buo (iaatXetc; exwat TaUTOxpo- 
vwc; tyjv Yjyeyiovtav, BuvaTat vd Bta^evyj dveu TapaxYJc; xal cptXovetxtac;. "Av 
6p£yif]Tai Ta xpwTela 6 Aapetoc;, exp6a0eaev 6 'AXec;avBpoc;, aq axeuaYj vd 
xoXs^iyjcjyj jjlst' aiiTou xepl tyjc; ^ovapxtac; twv oXwv, av Be xdXtv xaTacppovfj 
tyjv Bo^av, xat opeyYjTat tyjv Yjcruxtav tou xat tyjv dvdxauatv, aq uxoxwpYjaYj 
elq tov 'AXe£avBpov xat ac; exTeXfj Ta<; xpocjTaydc; aiiTou, euxaptciTOU(Jievoc; 
vd ^aatXsuY] etc; aXXouq, dcpou ex cpuatXYjc; tou xaXoxaya0tac; uxoxwpfj etc; 
auTov 6 'AXe^avBpoc; tyjv e£ouatav». 

*0 xaTaxTY]TY)<; tyjc; Tupou eppt^e vuv dxaaav tyjv xpoaoxYjv aiiToO elq 
x*fjv A'tyuxTOV. "QcpeiXs Be vd BteX0Yj to xpwTov Btd tyjc; 'IouBatac;. *H yrj 
B' auTY), wc; yvwaTov, uxfjpc^ev y) eaTta, yj X w P a ™v ev T-jj IlaXata Ata0YjxYj 
dvacpepoyievwv IlaTptapxwv, dpxtepewv, xpotpYjTwv, Geoxveucruwv vo[AO0eTwv, 
xptTwv, faatXewv* xat ouBe^fa ^ev dXToq ytyveTat ^veta xept tyj<; BtaSdaewc; 
tou 'AXe^dvBpou Stdfe tyjc; *IepouaaXYj[Ji, dXV 6 sXXyjvkjtI auyypd^ac; 'Iou- 
BaIoc;'I(oaY]xoc; dvacpepet XexTo^epwc; oTt 6 BopuxTYjTwp exeaxe<p0Yj tyjv *Ie» 
pouaaTofj^i, outw xwc; ex xapaBosewc; BtYjyou^evoc; to xpay^xa. 

«Ot 'IouBatot dxapvYj0evT£c; vd Bwawat ^woTpocptac; etc; touc; MaxeBovaq, 
xaTa tyjv xoXtopxtav tyjc; Tupou, ^lyj uxo0eTOVT£c; @e6atwc; oti •rjOeXev extTUxet 
6 'AXec;avBpoc; etc; tyjv extxetpYjatv tou, xaTeTpo^a^av yjByj pia06vTec; oti 
exYjpxeTO xaT' aiiTwv (isTa tou taxupou aTpaTOU tou, xup xvewv dyavaxTYj- 
aewc; evexa tyj<; ToX^Yjpac; dxavTYjaswc; twv etc; touc; ux' auTOU dxocrraXevTac; 
XYjpuxac;, oTt BYjXaB-?) auyi^axot ovtsc; tou (taatXewc; twv IleptTWV xal opxt- 
cj0evT£c; vd ^lyj cpepwat Ta oxXa xaT* auTOu, wcpetXov cpuatxw tw Xoyw vd Bta- 
TYjpYjcjtoat tov bpxov twv. 'IaBBoug, 6 jxeyac; dpxtspeuc; twv 'IouBatwv, xpo- 
Gu^ou^evoc; vd dxoao6YjaYj tov exaxetXouvTa to I0vo<; tou xtvBuvov, Xeycov oti 
uxo 0etac; wByjysIto 6xTacjta<;, BYj^ioatac; xpOTSpov tzXiaaq BsYjaetc; xat 0uatac; 
dve(pc;e Tdc; 0upac; tyjc; xoXetoc;, xat ptxTtov Ta GdppYj etc; tov ©eov, xpoa^XGev 
eVtxecpaX-rjc; twv AeutTwv xal twv £xt<jY)txoTepwv xoXt r axwv etc; t6v xaTa to 
Se9a eaTpaToxeBeu^evov aTpaTOV twv MaxeBovwv. 

Kat elxe ^ev auvYj0w<; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; <ptXdv0pwxov ^>uxf]v f dW i%\ tou 
xapovToq t7uv£Xtvrj0Yj ext [LaXkov, ^Xexwv touc; aeSaa^touc; toutouc; lepetc; 
evBeBu^xevoug yiaxpac; xal Xeuxdc; aToXaq, xat tov dpx^epea xept6e6XYj^evov 
xuavrjv xat xpucroxevTYjTov ctto"Xyjv, exl xecpa^Yjc; cpepovTa yitTpav^eTdxpucjou 
xeTaXou xaTd to jjlstwxov, ecp' o5 y^to tstuxw^jlIvov t6 ovo^xa tou ©sou. 
'Apicwc; B' ec;sX0wv tyjc; gxyjvy^c; tou exX'.ve to yovu evo')xtov tou dpxtepewc; 
(0pYjaxeuTtx6v) xpoacplpwv ae6ac; etc; t6 ovo^xa tou (dXYjGouc;) Oeou, oxep 
y^to lyxexapay^evov i%\ tou xpuaou xeTaXou. MeTa {xeydXwv B' dxoXou0wc; 
xeptxotYjaewv xat ot lepetc; twv 'IouBatwv oBYjyYjcravTsc; tov 'AXe^avBpov 
etc; tyjv 'IepouaaXYj^, tw IBet^av Tac; xpoqjYjTetac; tou AavtYjX, a'tTtvec; xapt- 



88 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 

axtov 8ti tq auToxpaTopta twv Ilepawv I^eXXe vd xaTatrrpacpfj 6x6 w EXXyjvo<; 
^aatXea)?. Ouafa? 8* lie I teXou? TeXlaa? 6 'AXe^avBpo'g, dxfjXGev d^aaq 
tou<; 'Iou8a(ou<; sXsuGspw? va ^wai xaTa toix; vo^ouq xal Ta BpTjaxeuTixd 
auTwv eOi^a. 

01 tisTa toO 'AXeijdvBpou Supiot ^owiXsTq xal ol Xoixol <I>o(vtxs<; xal 
XaXBaTot ISau^aaav ^XexovTsg to xapdBo^ov touto x(vTj[Jia tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou, xaOoaov ^dXiaTa to euepsOiaTov auTOu yivci)<j/,ovt£<;, TjXxt^ov oti 
xapopyuOsl? xaTd twv 'IouBafwv, exl Tfj xapouata auT&v tjGsXe StaTa^et 
vd XacpupaywYTjawai ttjv x^P av T0)V > oxsp xal oOtoi (^plyovTO. 

*0 Be xoXuxpdyixwv yepcov IIapu,Ev(G)v xpoasXOwv xal auGig elq tov 'AXe- 
£avBpov, (dlwi;, T(p elxe, au, svwxcov tou oxotou xdvTS? xXcvouai t6. yovu, 
xapexsiq ToaauTTjv tc^jitjv si<;tov dpxcspsaToav 'IouSacwv;)) «'Eyo) Bsv Iy°~ 
vuxsTTjaa ivwxtov tou dpxtepeox;, dxTjvTTjaev 6 'AXI^avBpog, dXX' Ivwxiov 
tou ©sou, Std tt)<; lepwauvTQg tou oxofou outoc; Ti^LdTac. "Ots yjuvtjv ecg so 
Atov ttj<; MaxsBovtac; toioutov Ttva eTBov xaT' ovap ^e aikd Td cpopetxaTa' 
iv(I>8sEffuXXoY^6^T)V xwq vd xuptsuaw ttjv 'Adav outo? [lz xpoeTpe^svd 
xpo6w elq ttjv i%i%siQi}a{v yiou, Xiywv t^ot oti exslvoi; tjGeXev elaGai oBtjy6<; 
piou.KalexetBTjdxpi touBs dXXov Tcvd IvBsBuiiivov outcd Bsv sIBov, euGuc; evs- 
OutJLYjO^v ttjv xaG' uxvouc; oxTaacav yiou)). Kal xspl tou laTOpixou ^sv toutou 
ouBsva Xoyov xotouvTat ol "EXXtjvs? Guyypayeiq, xXscaTa o[LO)q opioca tou 
e"Bou<; toutou xapaBsiy^aTa uxdpxouai xap' dXXotg eGvsai, xaTa tou<; [xeTa- 
YsvsaTepou<; XP 0V0U ? ^dXttJTa. 

Nuv 8' e!<; eTspov uxsxBueTat dywva 6 'AXs^avBpog, tt)v xoXcopxiav tyj$ 
rd^Tf)?, ttj? dpxafaq xpwTsuouaTjq twv 3>iXcaTa((i)v. 

*H Td^a xet[JL£ViQ ixl y^^o? ^ u^tqXou Iv [Levy du.[xa)Bou<; xEBidBo?, 
xeptsxuxXouTO 0x6 6xupou y.al u^tqXou TEtxoug. *0 ix' ovojiaTt tou Illpcrou 
yiovdpxou xu6£pvwv auTYjv euvouxo? Bdzic,, Jy.avov dptSyiov 'ApdSwv ^ta0a)- 
aaq, dvTlaTY) slq tov Bid ^xavwv [Lexa [LEyiXriq bp[Lfiq £xtT£0£VTa t^Btq xaTd 
ty)<; x6X£0)q 'AX^avBpov. *H^£pav Be Tcva evw 6 'AXI^avBpoc;, cplptov tov 
aTe^avov, xaTd t6 auvr ; 0E<;, IteXei 6ujfav Tivd, a'l^vYjq aapxo66pov opvEov 
eppuj'e xaTd auYxuptav £'.<; tov c!)[jlov tou ^aatXIox; ^6X6v Ttva* 8v £xpdT£-. 
Bid twv xoBwv tou' t6 B' opv£ov, eItoc xaGeaOsv i%\ y,iaq twv xaTd ttjv xoXi- 
opx(av (JLr^avwv, cuv£>of]cp0Y) d[Li(jiiiq. 

'EpwTT^Oelc; 6 (jLccvxeg 'ApfaTavBpo*; e^YjY^ 5 ^ outw tov otwvov' ((Ttjv 
jjlev xoXtv 6d xuptsuarjc;, a> ^aatX£u, xai 6 wpioc; xp£X£t vd xpo^uXdTTYjaat 
ttjv Tju.lpav TauTTjv)). Kal 6 yi£V 'AXI^avBpog uxaxouwv £c<; ttjv IvtoXtjv 
tou lidvTEGx;, ijiEtvE ^axpdv ttj? [Ltxxqq lA£Xpt Q&'kouq ^oXtjc;. 'AXX' aTcpvTj? 
ot "Apa6e? ixBpa^LovTE*; ix Tf^g xoXegx;, ix£X£aov ^l£0' 6p[ATj<; xaTd twv 
Max£B6vo)V, xup £tg Tag lATjxavdg aiiTwv IxaYovTcC. 

Kal ^lt) Buvd^LEvoc; iaev xXeov vd xpaT^G^ 6 'AXi£avBpo<;, dvaXaSwv Touq 
uxaaxtaTag auTOu, wp^TjaEV £?<; ttjv ^dxTjv, xal dxavaYaY^v tou? ziq ^uy^v 
TpaxlvTa? aTpaTia)Ta<;Tou, x£pt£xX£t!j£ xal auBiq tou<; ix^P ^ ^>Toq ttj;xo- 




O AAESANAPOZ rONYflETQN nPO TOY APXIEPEQZ 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 89 

Xswc;, dXka auyxpovwc @sXo<; xaTaxsXTtxov xaTa^tav twv icpoBwv pt<p6ev ex 
Ttvo<; pnqxavqc; stasBuas Btd ttjc; daxtSoc; xat tou Gwpaxoc; Etc; tov w^jlov tou 
^aatXsox;' outoc; B' <bc; vsxpoc; sxsas xaTa yf}<;. 

Kal ysvtxT) ^sv It. toutou xpo-rjXGs Tapax?), ^st* oXtyov o^jlox; 6 'AXe- 
£avBpo<; auvsXQwv sic; lauTov, xat x a 'P wv otiItuXtqy^Oy] Biotc outwc; s6Xsxev 
lxxXT]poujjivT)V sv yips: ttjv yiavTstav, vsag CTTjaac; (xiqxavdc;, aq ex, Tupou 
pisTEXOtJiias, xat x ( ^ a txavov xsptxtoaac; xuxXtp ttjc; xoXsgx; pTjypia sxTjyays 
y.aTa Tt yipoc; tou TStxouc, Si* ou staBuaavTsc; svtoc; ttjc; xoXsgx; ot MaxsBo- 
vsc;, 6BTjyouu.svot 6x6 tou ex tou ysvouc; twv AtaxtBwv NsoxtoXs^jiou, ttjv 
y.sv cppoupdv dxacrav xal touc; Xotxouc; xaTotxout;, sax; Bsxaxtax^ouc; auu.- 
xoaouyivouc;, iv aTo^aTi yiaxatpac; BtfjXGov, a! Be yuvatxsc; xat Ta xatBta ax; 
dvBpdxoBasx(oXT)GTjcav, tov Bsxu6spvT}TT)vBaTtv, xaTa (xt^Tjatv BtjGsvtwv uxo 
tou 'Ax'XXswc; dq tov "ExTopa xpaxGsvTtov, BsaavTsc; touc; xoBag xaTa touc; 
daTpaydXouc;, oxcaGsv a\Kx^t]q laupav xspti; twv TEtx&v ttjc; xoXegx;, xaTOt- 
xot Be ex to)V xapaxstuivwv xoXswv xaTWXTjcrav ttjv vsav Tdt^av. 

*0 aTpaToq twv MaxsBovtov dcpstc; tyjv Tdly.v, scpGaas y.STa IxTa Tj^spuv 
oBotxoptav eiq t6 ILqXouatov, ttjv dvaToXtxwTspav xoXtv ttjc; Aty uxtou, BtsX- 
6wv sxaTov s6Boui)xovTa ^tXta xaTd to xapdXtov ttjc; Msaoystou GaXdaaTjc; 
xal Bta6dc; IpT)u.ov dxoTsXoucjav to <puatxov optov ttjc; x^pa?. 

IlapexXsE Be ^s6oc(o)^ xal 6 gtoXoc; tg>v MaxsBovtov, cpspwv ^woTpocptac; 
xaldXXaxP 2 ^^* xaGoTt ouTETpocpat, outsvcoxov uBtop xaG'oBov suptaxsTO. 
Outo) Bs t6 dgxalov (tadXstovTwv <l>apato xpoxstTat vuv vd Xd6fl dvsu dvTt- 
ardjEGx; vsov TjYE^ova tov 'AXs^avBpov, xpo xoXXou B' at xsptaTaastc; xaGw- 
yidXuvav tyjv ixl toutcp xopsfav tou xpay^aTog. 

Auo Ey.aTOVTa£TY]p(Bac; xpo ttjc; IXeucjewc; tou 'AXs^dvBpou o! "EXXyjvec; 
IxETpdxTjaczv 6x6 tou (piXIXXY]vo<; ^oj^^tixou, ^aatXeox; tt)<; AtyuxTou, 
va iY7.a6tBpu6tocjtv ixl twv 6x6civ tou NecXou xoTa^xou, y.al (zxeteXouv exc- 
CYjyLov T^yia tou xXr^Oua^ou ttjc; x^pa?. Kal dxo ttjc; xaTax.TT)cj£wc; y.h tt^c; 
AtyuxTOU 6x6 TouKajJiSucjou, ulou xal BtaBoxou tou Kupou, exXivov o? sy- 
Xwptot dxouafox; tov aux£va 6x6 tov t,uyov twv Beuxotwv twv, dXXa xal 
auxvd%iq ^tjtouv vd dxoTtvd^toatv auTov, GeXovtec; va dxoaxaaOwatv dxo twv 
IlEpawv, yLsydXot B' dxTjTOuvTO aTpaToi xpoxst^svou Xoyou vd cpsptoatv au- 
touc; £?<; uxoTayiqv. 

'Eu-taouv B' ot auToxQovsc; AlyuxTtot touc; nipaac;, wc; [ii] e%oviaq Bto- 
Xou dvs c;t9pT]axstav xat foq dxo6XsxovTaq xdvTOTE vd ^E6T]X6vo)at touc; 
c^lvouc; vaouc; xat vd y.a0u6p^oj(Jt touc; Osouc; twv dXXojv sGvwv, sva) ot Ma- 
xeB6ve<; t]Bt] yisTa asSaa^ou iGswpouv Ta sGtp.a auTwv &>q tBtxd twv. 

'Evw B' 6 'AXsc;avBpoc; 6x6 toioutou xaTsxo^svoc; xvsu^aToc; ixTjpxsTo 
&q (ptXoc; t6)V auToxGovwv AtyuxTtwv, ot rispaat pnqBsuJav Buvd^xsvot vd sxt- 
cpspwcjtv dvTtaTaatv dxEcjupG-rjaav paBtcoc;. *0 bxupoc; aaTpdxTjc; ttjc; Atyu- 
xtou Sa6d^T]c; sxsas xaTd tt)v (J-dxr/V ttjc; 'Iaaou ^ETa ^sydXwv BuvdjJLswv, 
BtsBlxGr) Be auT6v ETEpoc;, dWa Tt vd xpdc^Tj xat ouTog; <l>poupai txaval Bev 



90 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

uxfjpxov xpoq ux£pdaxiaiv tox; %&p<xq, ouBlv B' dXXo ux£Xdx£T0, sE^jlyj Ixov- 
izq dxovT£<; AtyuxTioi xal nipsai pi£T' aXaXaypLwv x a P<2S V( * x.X(vwai t&v 
txu%h(z siq tov vixyjtyjv. Kal outwc; yj A'tyuxToq av£u IXgexCoti]^ dEvriordbecoq 
xapeB^xBifj tyjv xupiapxiav tou 'AX^dvBpou. 

'AfpYjaa*; dxoXou0G><; to IIyjXoikjcov 6 aTpaTog twv MaxsBovtov xpoeSyj 
Ivtoc; tyj? xtopaq I^wv tov NslXov xpoq B^tdv, xal 6 <jt6Xo<; B' iv aiiTO) xapYj- 
xoXo60£t Bta6a(vo)V tov xoTa^ov. "Ecp0aaav B^ t6 xpwTov elq tyjv *HXtouxo- 
Xcv, tspdv xal xspf^TQ^Jiov xoXtv, Bia0puXXou^£VYjv Bed Touq Xa^xpo-uq vaou<; 
TYjq, xal elq yjv sxt Ttva XP 0V0V xpoawpivtoq BtsTpt^av 6 IlXaTtoV xal 6 EuBo- 
q\oq. 'EvtsuOsv B' 6 'AXe^avBpoq, Bca6d<; tov NeTXov, \Leiibi) e!q tyjv Ms^xcpt- 
Ba, Iv0a cuvyjvtyjce tov gtoXov tou. 

*H [Lzy<i\i] xal xspf^^og MlpupK;, y) vuv ii.lv ixl 'AX£?dvBpou xpovusu- 
ouaa tyj<; xaTto AtyuxTou, xaTa Be tou<; dpxaioT£pou<; xpovouq ox; TocauTYj 
tyj<; oXyj<; x^P a ? Oswpou^IvY), £/.£ito xaTa tyjv dpcaT£pdv ox0yjv tou NeCXou. 
'EvTauOa B£ 0£Xwv vd Bd^Yj 6 'AXI^avBpoc; eiq tolk; Acyuxt(ou<; oti 6 vloq 
auTwv T3Y£^L0)V dvTtxa0(<TTa tyjv dpxafav ^ovapxiav, £xop£u0Y) Ixkjyjpigx; eiq 
tov va6v tou "Axto?, xposcplpwv Gudav elq tov tepov $ouv, ov &q 0£&v £Xd- 
Tp£uov ot AtyuxTioi, xal Iv0a oc dpxaloc ifxwptoi (iaaiXeTs etIXouv Td xaTa 
tyjv £v0povtaiv V£vo^iatx£va, auyxP 0V(ji) ? °^ auvoiX£tou^£vo<; xal tov Xaov, 
Xa^xpous yu[jivtxou<; xal ]xouGiY.obq dy&vaq £ze"ke<je ^£Ta [X£ydXo)v lxiBe(- 
?£d)V xal iopTwv. 

'Ex tyjc; MEjxcptBogB'o'AXI^avBpoq IxcSdq elq xXoTov yjX0£V dg to Kd- 
vo)6ov, xaTa to BuTtxwxaTOV twv IxTa gto^iwv tou xot«jjlou. 'EvTauOa B' el? 
XwpfBoc Y^q, PaxwTtv \xh uxo twv iyx G3 P^ (l)V xaXou^iivYjV, Btaxwpt^ouaav Be 
ttjv Xf(xvY]V Map£amoa yj Mapfav dxo tyjc; GaXdaaYjq, IvixptvEV 6 'AXI^av- 
Bpo<; vd xaTa6dXY) Td 0£^£Xta vlaq xoXegx;, (be xaTaXXY]XoTaTY]v xpivwv tyjv 
0!aiv tocuttjV. 'A^ioOau^ccaToq Bi TwovTt 6 'AXI^avBpoc; i%\ t^ pL£YaXovof(? 
auTou, xal xaxd tyjv x£pccTTaatv tczutyjv. @£XY)aa(; vd Bcoayj ixtaYjixoTYjTa et<; 
tyjv 0i(7tv yjv i?sXe?aTO, ^£T£xotY]cie xal au6t^ etq ov£tpov, x«P'v twv xoXXwv, 
Td x£pl auTY)c,X£y(ov OTt ((dvYjp X£uxoTdxY)V £X^v tyjv xo^XYjV xat <jebda[UQq 
tyjv jjLop(f>Y]v, ixol IqxfvY] xa0' uxvoug, xapcpBwv [loi tou<; gt(xou<; toutou? ix 
ty]^ 'OBuaaEias;. 

((Ny^CJOc; UXapX£t iVTOg TOU X0XuXU|XaVT0U X6VT0U, X£tpi£VY] £[XXpOJ0£V 

ty^<; AcyuxTOu xal xaXou^IvY) <£dpo<;)>. 

'EY£p0£k B' dv Ttp a[ia ix ty^^ xXtvY)? 6 'AX£?avBpo<;, d6dBia£v elq ty^v 
$dpov, Y]Tt<; t6t£ (jl£V y^to £ia£Ti VY^aog, dxoXou0(i><; hk Btd ty^c; xpoaxwa£d)<; 
xpoa£xoXXY]0Y) elq tyjv §Yjpdv. 'IBwv B£ jx£Td x a pd? tov toxov Xtav xaTaX- 
XtjXov ox; auvtaTd(X£vov dx Tatvfaq, x^P^ouaYj? Xf^JivYjv ^£ydXYjv xat 0dXaa- 
aav e?<; ^lyav Xtu.!va x£paTou^£vr ; v, dx£V oti, 6q xat xaxd Td dXXa y^to 0au- 
txaaTOc; 6 v O[Lt)poq, outw xal aotpcoTaTog dpxtT£XTtov ux7jpx£, BtaTayat B' iv 
to) a^a iB60Yjaav vd xpay^aTOxoiYjaGXTt to xpoT£tvopL£vov ax£Btovx£pl ty^<; 
xaTaax£UY^<; TY^q V£a<; x6X£0)g, xal vd Btaypd^wat to ax^^a auTY^<;. 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOT 91 

Ka! dveXa6s \xkv tyjv ekteXegcv auToO 6 x£p(<pY]^o<; dpxtTexTWV Aetvo- 
%paTY)<;, auT&q exetvoc; ocjtc<; %a$ tov ev 'E^saq) vaov tyj<; 'ApTeyuBoq &ueX£i- 
waev, y) 5' epyoXaSca tou a/eB(otj dv£T£0Y) ec<; tov KXsoyLsvigv NauitpdTYjv, 
Yevixov ecaxpdxropa twv cpopwv. Kal yyj yiv Bev OxYjpxe Xsuxyj, &JTS Bi* 
auTfjs vd Biafpd^toac to gxsBcov, Xa66vTeq B' d'XcpcTa xapd twv CTpaTUdT&v, 
iizitriq [uxXaKfiq yyjc; iaY^ettosavKUKXoTspYJ %ayL«3u6Xif]V Ypayi^v, ^Tfjvrcspi- 
<p£p£tav $a0£lai @da£i<; exsfcpaTOuv, cx"^ * x^^Boq dxoTeXouaat %al xp6<; 
dXXYjXasau^xtxTouaac. _ 

Kal euY)p£aTY)0Y) yiv £/, toO ax^aTO? 6 $a<KXsij<;, dXX* dxpoaSoxifJTwq 
xTYjvd d'xstpa t6 xXy)0o<; y.(x\ xavToBaxd <?6 Tflvos, dxo ts toO xoTayioO xai 
tyj<; Xi^ivy]<; e?<; tov toxov IxsTvov xpoasp^o^sva %<xl vefq oyt,id£ovTa, o&B' iXd- 
Xttruov yipo<; dtpYjxav twv dXsupwv, &$'& ts %al s?s axpov KaTSTapdx0TQ o 
'AXe£avBpo<;, <b<; kockov otwvov GewpYjaas t6 xpayyia, dXX' o? y.dvTst<; xpo£- 
Tp£^ a v auTov vd exfl Gappoc; BtoTt yj 5x s a5Too XTt(oiUviQ x6Xt<; 0£Xst elaGai 
xXouatwTaTY) xa! xoXXwv dvGp&xwv GeXse y,aTa<?TaGfj Tpo<ps6<;. 

'Ex, xp(OTY]<; 8* d<peTY)p£a<; outo) x-aXwc; eppu[j(,OToyiY)0Y) f) via x6Xcq, &<jts 
vd Btaxv£Y]Tai £/, twv 6xo toij xsXdyous xvsovtwv dvejUDV. Kal yiaxpd 
yi£v dyutd Biy)px£to ty^v xoXiv 1% tyjs xaTd ty)v GdXaaaav xuXy)<; xp&<; to 
dvaToX^xov dxpov tyj<; Xsyo^svY)*; NexpoxoXewc; kepa B' oux yjttov yisYdXY) 
\xh, c&Xd fpaxuTspa, BisjTaupou ccuttjv %a^ p e50£ca$ Y<ov(a<; xpoq goppdv 
dxo tyj<; MapeamBot; Xt^vY^Bi' o5 cxsBiou zaTa^uxou^vig f) x6Xt<; xapsl- 
X£V euxpaafav e!<; tou<; v.^oiy.ouq auTYjc;. 

AtlTa?£ Be xp6<; toutocs 6 'AX£?avBpo<; vd otxoBo^TQGwatv ivzbq a^TYji; 
yi£YaXoxp£XYJ y.T(pta ^tal avdy/uopa, y.al 6 't'Btoc; xpoaBtwptas t« {A£pTQ, evQa 
£yi£XXov vd y,aTaay,£uaa0o)c7t vaol twv *EXXy)V(ov xal ty}<; "IaiBoq, G£d<; twv 
AlyuxTttov, y.al xoiav Giaiv w<p£tXov vd XdSaxn to T£ixo<;> at dyopac /.al dXXa 
xpoq to6tok; BYjpLoata y.aTa<7TY)yiaTa. 

Outo) B' dviQY£p0Y) y^ £^ 6v6[L(xzoq toO BopuxTY)To po<; y,XTf]G£Taa 'AXe^dv- 
Bp£ta, BiaT£Xouaa ^e%gi cY]^£pov &<; xpwxY) i^xopt/.!?) x6Xt<; TY^q AtyuxTOU, 
yj yidXXov *o x£piXa^6dvouaa oXov iv Y£V£t t6 e^txopiov ty}..<; AlyuxTou. *H 
x6Xi<; B' auTY) £Xouaaxspt9£p£tav B£xax£VT£^tXt(ovy.aldptGtJt.ouaaxXY3Qu(j{JL6v 
Tpia7.oa(wv x^XtdBwv xaTotawv %(x\ dXXwv ToaouTWV X'XidBwv BouXwv, [jl£- 
ydXac; £y.a^i£ xpo6Bou<; i%\ twv IlToX£^afo)V, BiaBoxwv toO 'AX^dvBpou 
£i<; TYjvA'tyuxTov, /.aTaaTdaa B£UT£pa x6Xi<; tyj^ o (%ou^£VY)<; jA£Td ty)v Pw- 
(jly]v. IIpoi; toIc; dXXotq B* y^ 'AX£?dvBp£ta x,aT£aTYj x£pfy>Y)yios Bid tou? ^aGY]- 
yLaTty.o6<; tyj<;, tou? (ptXoadtpouq, xal xp6 xdvTwv Bed tyjv XayLxpdv ^tSXtoGrj- 

7Q)V TY)?. 

'O Ge^Xiwt*?)? ty](; x£pt<pY)yi.ou TauTY]<; x6Xs(o<; lx£X£?pY]as vuv vd yaMj 
ToX^pdv za! ixt^tvBuvov ixBpo^v ivzbq TY^q Ai6uxyjc; ipYj^ou ixl 7.£(paXYj(; 
dxoaxda^'aToc; CTpaxou. Kal xoXmxd jjlev y-ixpa y.al xpoawxtXY) *£VO<ppo- 
auvY) dep* evo?, x£pt£py£ta B£ y.at £[X9uto<; pw[AavTtx<| dep' ET^pou poxi^j 
£?<; ^/.TaxTOUc; Ixtx^tpV 5 ^ &0Y)aav £?<;touto tov 'AX^avBpov. 



92 J2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

IId<; Al^u%iioq @aatXsu<; eXeyetq ulbq tou "Au^wvoq. IIpocnjpXETO Be 
vuv xal 6 'AXs£avBpo<; elq tov sv [l£gu> tg>v odaswv xst^svov vaov tou "A^uxo- 
vo^. Elvat Be at odaetc; xXospd *<** 0aXspd VYjatBta, xst^sva yiv &<; ev OaXdcsYj 
sv to> ^daq) ttjs eprj^ou, xoTt^6u,£va Bs uxo xyjywv xal pudxcov, %a$ ffxta^o- 
^sva uxo 6<j>y)Xg>v xal xapxocpoptov BsvBptov, olov (potvixwv xal sXatwv. 'EXs- 
Ysto B' oti 6 (JLuaTY]pta)BY]<; 6so<; "Au,u.g>v sx tyj<; ^wpaq tgjv At0t6x<ov Ivto<; 
lepa<; Xsu;6ou xaTa6ds et<; Ta<; sxaTouvjuuXouc; ®Yj6a<;, BrrjX0s tyjv gpYj^ov %a$ 
dvsxau0Y) sxs!, xaplx^v yiuaTYjpttoBstc; dxavTYjasts si<;tou<; xpoaspxoyiivou$ 
s!<; xpoaxuvYjaiv tou ^avTstou. IIspi? Bs tou vaou toutou xaTwxouv Espst? 
dvaxwpYjTat, 0spaxsuovTS<; tov 6eov toutov xal dxayylXXovTEq tou? xpiQ- 
(j\Lodq tou e!s touc; spwTwvTac; auTov. 7 Hto B' ouxl ^ovov dq tyjv A'tyuxTOV 
BtaBsBou.£VY) Y) XaTpeia tou Geou toutou, dXXd xal xaxd to $6p£tov xapdXtov 
tyjc; 'AcpptXYjs, xal e?<g xoXXd xpoq toutok; iiipYj tyj<; 'EXXdBoq xal tyj<; Mt- 
xpd<; 'Ada?. 

Atdcpopot B' dxocToXal xavTOEiBwv xoXuTtyitoV B&pwv I? dpxatoTaTtov 
Xpovcov xpoa£<p£povTO et<; tov vaov tou "A^piG)vo<; uxo Bta<p6pwv Yjpaxov, $a- 
acXswv, (TTpaTYjytov xal dXXwv ExtaYj^wv dvBpwv, gxsuBovtojv vd Xd6coat XP 1 Q- 
a^oix; xepi xavTofwv dvTtxEiu-svwv, -tjtoi xspl aucTaasox; dxotxttov, x£pl Bta- 
xyjpu^sgx; xoXs^lcov, xspl ixiTuxta? xal |xyj Bta^opwv sxtx^pYJsswv xal twv 
TotouTtov. Kalo *HpaxX-rj<; Be xal 6 Ilspasuc;, ot svtyj {luOoXoYixfj yEVEaXoyia 
[Leytx, xaT£X0VT£<; ^£po<;, XsysTat oti dyixft-qvav £ '<; tyjv Ac6uxyjv spYjpiov. Ila- 
ctyvwaTov B' oti xal 6 i%\ 6X6 w ^EyizXauxwv xal BiaGpuXXou^svo? KpoT- 
coq, ^aatXEu^ tyjs AuBiaq, x£[JL^a<; dXXoTS vd epwtyjciq dv yjto xaX6v vd 
sxtx £t P^TQ ^oXeu-ov xaTd tou Kupou, guvc[)Beujs Ta<; spWTYjaEcc; tou Bid 
xX(v0wv ex xpuaiou xaTEaxEuatj^isvwv. 

*H BoGElaa h'zlq auTov dxdvTYjatc; ^to oti «6 Kpolaog v AXuv BtaSd? ^£yd- 
Xr^v dpxY)V xaTaXuaEO). Ttvoc; o^jlwc; dpXY]V, tyjv tBtxYjVTou y) tyjv tou ix^P c "J; 
AuaavBpoc; exeTvoc;, 6 BoXtoq SxapTtaTYjq, Bl<; elq tyjv spirj^ov TauTYjv ecse- 
Buasv aiiTOxpoawxox;. M£ydXa<; B' at £?<; tyjv Ai6uxyjv IpYj^xov oBoixoptat 
xap£lx°v BucxoXta<; xal Bt' aXXa jjlev, yidXtaTa Be hia tyjv eXXei^cv tou uBa- 
Toq, tov yiyav xauawva xal tyjv ctEvatos BtEyEtpo^EVYjv uxspSoXtxYjv dV^ov. 
Ka^Suar^, 6 BsuT£po<; jji£Td tov Kupov ^ovdpXYj? ty]s MYjBoxEpaixY^c; Bejtco- 
TEfac;, ^£7.0o)V twv AtyuxTtaxwv @yj6wv, fjywvtffSYj vd EtaBuciYj elc, tyjv Bta- 
OpuXXoupiEVYjv oaatv tou "A^wvoq. IIpoaYjpxETO Be. [xlyav dywv axpaTov, 
Ixl gy.0%6} ^£6a(o3(; xaTaxTTjaewq. M£Ta EXTaYj^Epov oBotxopfav dxG)X^(j0Yj 
eiq tyjv £pY][jiov (X£Td tou aTpaTou tou, e'tTS Bt' eXXst^tv uBaToq, e'tTS xaTaxov- 
TiaOel? 6x6 tou Bt£y£p0£VTO<; <x[L[Lo<ji<pG)\/oq. 

Etq 0£fav B' dpwyrjv dx£B60Yj vuv to dxoXouGov. Suvyj0w<;, oTav ^dXtaTa 
xvlouat voTtot d'vEjxot xaxd Td IpYj^a ixsTva ^£pvj, ToaauTY] auaatopEUETat dV~ 
\Loq, w(JT£ xavTaxaatv e'Sacpavt^ovTat Td aYju.£la tyj? 6Bou, ouBe ytvwaxet 6 Bia- 
6dTTj<; xou vd Bt£u0uvif) Td ^Yj^aTa, evtoc; d^jJiwBouc; xeXdyouc; £uptax6[JL£voq 
xal ^TjBoXg)? ar^elov 6Bou dxavTwv, oute opYj, outs BlvBpa, oute yyjXo$)ov. 
'Evio Be 6 aTpaT^s outw TueptexXavaTO, xal ot oByjyoI Y^aav elq d[jLYjxavfav 



. ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 93 

xoiav xopefav vd XdSoxrtv, dxpo<TBox.YjTOx; Buo BpdxovTEg dv0po>xcvYjv cpcovYjv 
£x,6dXXovT£<;, £v£<pavca0Yjaav xpo auTO>v, y.al touto ^ev exXgcctev 6 ^G0o<; 
xpog e^oY^watv tyj<; hua%epei(xq tou epyou, xpdypiaTC o^xox; Buo x6pay.E<; £<pd- 
vYjaav txxd^svot xpo toO <jTpaTsu(jiaToc;,oi:TCV£<; y,al e^s6aXov ocutouc; tyj<; dxo- 
piag, xal toutou<; iicecpaafaOY) vd Xd6oxnv ox; oByjyou;, dxoXou0ouvT£<; tt?jv xtyj- 
<jiv auTwv. Kai d0£G)pY]0Y] ^£V touto ox; 0£ca ^£aoXd6Yjacc;, dXXd Xly£Tat otc 
tcz xTYjvd TauTa xaTd tyjv 'Aqjpt/.avcxrjv IpY}u.ov Btd tyj<; £\i.y<xviaz&<z to>v cuvyj- 
0ox; Beixvuoujiv oti £r.ei x)orja(ov uxdpxouai 9p£<xTa. 

OuoVig twv dpxa^wv laToptxwv dva<p£p£i xoaov crupaTov xaplXa6£v 6 
'AXI^avBpoq, xatToi xoXXaxou X6yo<; yCvsTat /.a^YjXwv y,al daxwv xpog jjLe*ua- 
x6yu<jiv uBaToq. 'OXfyov Be BcaTpi<|;avT£<; XP° V0V °< MaxsS6ve<; xpog i^ot- 
xovouvrjacv tou dvayxatouvTO*; uBcxto<; dq to IlapatTomov, ExtaYj^ov xoXcv twv 
KupYjva(o>v, wv tou<; xp£a6£tg xal Ta Bo>pa Xfav suyEvox; $s&a(ox; xapsB£X0Y) 
6 'AXs^avBpog, iy.£T0£V £^Yjx.oXou0Y)aav tyjv xopstav twv, ^Y)BE|i(av dxavTYj- 
aavT£<; dX)oqv xoXtv, dXV oux, 6X(ya<; Boxtu.d^ovT£<; BuaxoXta*; £V£/.a tou 

Bt£Y£tpO|JL£VOU TpO[A£pOU XOVlOpTOU. 

M£Td T£<jaapa<; B' Yjyilpac; to h zolq daxolq tou aTpaTsuu.aTO<; uBo>p £ljl- 
Xcxe, y.at xdvT£<; yjByj Yj<i0dvovTO tyjv <pp(y.Yjv tyj<; Bt^iQ? Bi' IXXei^iv uBaToq. 
MsfdXYj @pox*0 ^ v toutok; £X£a£, %a\ touto d0£O)pY]0Y) ox; BwpYjyia xpovotag, 
xa06aov ^dXtaTa to tocoutov Bsv slvat auvY]0£<; xaTd Td |iipY) TauTa, aTtva, ox; 
ix. tyj<; 0£j£ox; yjv xaT£xouat xsiyLEva xapd Tfj BtaxExau^iivYj ^o>vyj, y-aaTt^ovTat 
6x6 dvo^6p(a<;. 

'Oxtoj -fj^lpac; cpaivsTac otc dBaxdv-rjasv 6 'AX^avBpoc;, ^£Ta6afvo)v £% 
tou xapaXiou t^<; M£aoy£(ou eiq tyjv Bta66r]TOV oaatv tou "A^l^lwvoc;. 
'E0au^aaav BlTd {Leywza ol xspl tov 'AXI^avBpov ^X£xovt£<; ty)v ivTO) ^lacp 
ttjc; ipTj^ou 2 jtjiv TauTr ; v, yjtk; t^to xXyjpyjc; <potvi/,o)v xal iXatwv, xpoq tou- 
toi<; B£ xal dXa<; 6pu%T6v uxfjpx£ y.aTd ttjv oaatv TauTiQV, Biacpavdc; <bq x.pu- 
aTaXXoc;, ox£p xal ol lepsi? IvTog y,otTfBo>v xX£x.to>v Ix, ^otvcx wv I^SdXXovTec; 
xpoalcp£pov eiq tou<; ^aatX£T<; xal tou<; dxtJYjtxoTlpouc; to>v auXcxwv ox; Bwpov 
£Y.\ev.z6y, t6 B' dXaq touto pi£T£X£tp(^ovTO ot AlyuxTcot eiq Tag Guafac; ox; 
xoXu xa0apo)T£pov tou 0aXaaafou dXaTog. 

*Yxt^px£ B£ xal dXX6y.OTO<; xtq^i?) ^vToq Tf^g 6da£ox; TauTYjg, ^Y]B£(JLtav 9I- 
pouaa o^ocoTYjTa xpog oiWaq £% ttj<; yrjf; dvaSpuouaag xYjydc;. Ka06aov xpou- 
Xo>p£t Y) Yj^L^pa, t6 uBtop TYjq xy]yt)<; TauTY]g dy(v£TO ^uxp^T£pov, %a\ X£pl TY)V 
[X£UY]^6piav 7.a0faTaTO ^uxpoTaTov, dxoXou0o)g Be, xa06aov 6 yXtoq e%\we 
xpog tyjv Buatv, to uBo>p tyj<; xyjyyji; iy(v£TO 0£p(xoT£pov xai x£pJ to [X£(jovu- 

XTtOV YJTO 0£p^6TaTOV. 

Koci 15 dXXwv B£ Bta^opwv xYjywv uBaToq icpa(v£TO oTtYjoaat<; auTYj yjto 
xpoo)pta(X£VYj 6x6 TYjg <pua£ox; eiq tyjv XaTp£tav tou 0£ou toutou. 

T6 xaTa tyjv e'i'joBov Be ^dXiaTa tou (JiavT£tou 7,£i[i£vov £'cBo>Xov ty^<; atpcy- 
ybq xapElx^v ?BtaiT£pav ao6apOTYjTa xaTd to ^£po<; touto. 

T6 axTjlJta tou £*v to) vao> 0£ou yjto Kptoxpoatoxov, yjtoc c%ri\L<z dvGpo>xou 



94 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

sxovTog x.scpa)a)v xal xipaTa xptou. IlavTosiBfj Bs xoa^TjpiaTa xai Bwpa twv 
suXaSwv xspcsx6ayiouv, a>g eYprjTat, to s'cBwXov tou 0sou toutou, oi Bs xpoa- 
Btwpia^ivot, <bg s'ixo^sv, 6y8oY)xovTa ispslg stg 0spaxs(av tou siBwXou, xspt- 
i)Yov auTO iv XiTavsia xaT' ^TutaTjyLoug sopTag xal xsptaTaascg, Bsaxotvat Bs 
*al xap0svot xa'pY)xoXou0ouv dBouaat ujivoug. 

TotauTY) Bs auvoBsia e^fjXOs vuv s£g IxiaYjiiov xpouxdvTiqaiv tou 'AXs?dv- 
Bpou, oaTtg xal wB^ytjOy) eiq tov vaov, oxou xal 6 dpxtspsug xapsax £V s!g 
auT6v Tag ^Y)T?)0staag dxoxpiastg elq Tag IpwTYJcretg auTOu' etaYjXBs Be yiovog 
6 'AXs^avBpog elq toc £vBoTspa tou yiavTscou toutou, xal t( sIBsv, ij tI auvsSiq, 
£xsT, el? ouBsva aXXov axsxaXu<p0Y), dxXwg Bs piovov BisB60tq oti xaXdg sXa6s 
xXT)pocpop[ag xal dxavrqasig stg Ta IpwTto^isva, stg Bia9opoug Be, cpuatxcp T *P 
X6y(i), dB60T)(jav scxaaiag oi xspl auTov, xal oi ^sv sXsyov oti 6 xparuog Xoyog 
ov- outoi ^xouaav o Tt ° dpxtspsug dxY)60uvsv slq tov 'AXs^avBpov tjto' 
((Xaiips, & xaT)). OuTog B' dxTQVTiqasv. «"EaTG), a) xaTSp' Bog jjioi Bs xavT6g 
TOU x6<jpiOU TT)V ipxTjv)). . 

"AXXot Be dvTl toutou BtsBwxav oti 6 dpxtspsug 0sXr]aag vd XaXifjafl 
sXXtqvkttI xal xpo0u[ioupisvog vd xpoastxfi tov 'AXs^avBpov Bid Tfjg Xs£swg 
«(bxacB(ov», uxsxsasvscg @ap6apt<j[i.ovXsYG)v «w xatB(og»,oxspdayLsv<i)g xa- 
psBsx0iQ 6'AXs^avBpog, BtaXuo^isvov slg Tag Buo Xs£scg, & ?cat-At6^, Ig" °& 
xaTaq>a(vsTat yj s\ Atog flvvqaig tou 'AXs^dvBpou' TsXsuTaTov B' ix xdvTwv 
tout(i)v iaxTQ^aTtaOY) yj xapdBoctg oti 6 'AXs^avBpog yjpwtyjje tov xP'^Wo'v, 
xpwTOV dv xdvTsg oi cpovsTg tou xaTpog tou iTC[JUi)pT)0Y]aav* ((My) @Xaa<pYjfJisc, 
6 tIxvov, dvs6oY]asv 6 xpocpYjTYjg, ouBslg twv dv0pa)xo)v BuvaTai vd £xc6ou- 
Xsu0f) t6v YSvvrjaavTa as, dXk' dv IpwTqcg Sid Toug cpovslg tou ^>tX(xxou xdv- 
Tsg sXa6ov tyjv xpoarjxouaav Ttpiwp(av)). 

'Ax.oXou0(i)g B* 6 'AXs^avBpog TjpwTYjasv dv [liXk-fi V( ^ vix-rja^ xdvTag 
Toug ix^gobc, auTOu, 6 Bs xgt]G[Lbq dxsxp(0Y) oti t) dpxT) x.ai ^ ^aatXsfa tou 
xoa^ou stg auTov xpowptaTat, xai oti Btd xavTog 0sXsc sla0at dvtxTjTog, ^s^ptg 
ou jJLSTaTs0"n sfg Toug xoXxoug twv 0swv, sv0sv I^tjXOs. 

K<x\ ouBs^JLtav [Lh cpuacxcp tw Xoyq), xapsl^s xtaTtv 6 'AX^avBpogscgTa 
uxo tou o^Xou dBo^sva, <xXk' IxstBT) outs dSsSafou, outs tqpvsito auTa ; , 
xapsl^sv sIBog [xuaTY]pta)Boug yoi^Tsiag, oV ^g d?e8aii6ouvTo ou (xovov o? 
^dp6apot dXXd xal auTol oi xoXu i^cppovsaTspot ixsivtov v EXXT]vsg. 

nXY]ysig s'tg Ttva (xdxiQV 6 'AXs^avBpog, ((Alpia, dvsxpa^sv, slvat touto 
xai o%{ (y.wp, olog xep ts psst 1% twv d0avaT(ov)). Kai stg ttJv jjnrjTSpa tou 
otiwg Ypd^wv, dtpou Tfj dvscpsps Btd<popa 0au^.daca xspi Trjg xaXXovrjg tou 
i^6%ou toutou xwpou.« w OTav xots auvavTY)0(O[JLsv, Ixp6a0sas, 0d dvaxotvwaa) 
s?g as pioviQV Td 6x6 tou 0sou avaxaXucp0svTa [xot jJLuaTTjpta)). 

T6 @s6ai6Tspov xdvTwv slvat otc Td xXouatoxdpoxa Bwpa tou ^syaX6- 

9povog fiaatXIwg sxapiav Toug ispslg, xai xp6 xdvTwv tov xposBpsuovTa dp- 

isp^a, vd xacpsTTjaf) xai vd <pt>»ocppovT]0f) tov vsov Bsjxottqv wg ui6v tou "Ajjl- 



ECTOPIA TOY MEFAAOY AAEEANAPOY 



95 



lAtovos, uxoax^vo? sk auT&v ty)v gaaiXefav tou x6a^.ou oXou, xal ty)v eiq 
tou? x6Xxou<; twv 0£g>v {JL£Ta6aatv aUTOu. 

IIiSavG)? 6 'AX^avBpo? xaid'TiJjv auVifjv oBfcv ixiaTps^ev zlq tt)v Mi(j.$tv 
B tdfc tyj? ip-f^ou, xaT* aXXou? Be aX)a]v eXa6e Bt£u0uvatv. Ek rJjv Mi^cpcv 
B' fjBr) Btacpopot xpla6et/; dcpcxovTO ix Bca<p6pwv piepwv tt]<; *EXXdBo<;, xal xpo 
xdvTcav Ix tg>v GuvsiXsY^ivtoV Old tou? dywvaq twv 'IaG^tov, GT£cpavouvT£<; 
auT&v xpu<J(p GTS^dvq), xal auYX a ^P 0VT£ S auT&v i%\ xouq Xa^xpatc; vixai? tou" 
'lBta(T£po<; B£ xp6? toutok; aTpaTO? ^ia0o<p6pcov 'EXTofjvtov £<jt(zXt) et? auT&v 
xapd tou 'AvTtxaTpou, wv apxiQT^ ^ T0 ° MsvtBaq, xal x£VTax6a , ioi B' tx- 
xeis ix @pdxY]<; xpoa^XOov. 

'EvTauSa 6 'AXI?av8po? Bierpi^e xp^vov Ttvd ^xiOswpwv tov cTpaT&v xal 
xavovf^wv tt?]v xu6£pvY)aiv tou vlou toutou PaaiXefou* Bilvsiyie Bs xp6 xavTwv 
dq xXst6Tepa xp6atoxa tyjv £q"ou<j(av tou t6xou, tjtc? elq eva ^ovov auyxev- 
TpoutxevY) TjBuvaTO vd xaTa<TTa0f) £xcx(vBuvo<; elq auT6v, EV£xa tyj? UjiBiaffjil- 
vt)<; (pua£(i)<; xal tt)? dxupoTYjTO? ttj? x^pag, cppovtpiax; Bs Bi£TT)pY)cs xal tt?jv 
dpxafav Bta(p£atv tou toxou e?<; Buo vo^iapxfaq, T]Tot t^jv avco A'tyuxTov xal 
t^v xaTW A\'yuxtov. Kal yi£Td twv dpxiBixaaT&v Bd, oYTiveq xal xupcox; dx£- 

t£),OUV TTJV U^Y)X0TlpaV ^Jl£Ta£u TG)V XaTOtXWV TCC^V, BuO XpOJ£T£0Y]jaV lx TWV 

ocxdwv tou, oYtiv£<; o^xwc; ptqtg)? Bt£Tax0iqaav 6X(fov, ouov eveuti, vd dvajJLi- 
YvutovTat eiq Td i-fx^pta vo^ju^a £0t^a. 

SuyxP^vwq °^ *&l GeXcov vd BtaTT)pT)aT) t^v IBCav auTou ^ouacav, Btwpt- 
<j£v (Biou? 9poupou<; uxo "EXXYjvac; dpx^you? e'tc; te tt)v Ml^cptv xal t6 IItq- 
Xouatov, Tdq xupiwTipaq ftiaztc, ttjc; AtyuxTou, dXkb xal ol apx^yol outoc Bt£_ 
TaxS^aav (baauTox; vd aiSwvTat Toug dYX^P 1 ' 01 "? vojjlou?. Td Be x£pl twv 
*ExaTo^xuX(i)v @T]6a)v Bta0puXXou^£va tjOe^ov Bi£p£0ca£t t6v 'AXI^avBpov 
vd BcaS-fi xal au0t? t6v xoTajJLov, dx£px6iX£vog eic, auTaq, dXX* av£xaiT(a0Y] 
£V£xa tt)<; aqptx^eta-Yjq EtBrjaEox; otc cUv^zv tou Eu^paTOU xoTayiou axa<; 6 
Il£patx6(; aTpaT^q auvY)Y£TO, ^Xetwv v « ixixs'pVt) v ^«v x£pl twv bXwv 

tAdXT]V. 




KE^AAAION E 1 . 

'O 'Al£^av5po^ ev Mcdoctorayia, Ilepdia KaiTaiqdvaTo^iKai^ ^opaiq. — 
'H ev ' A p(5n2woic; ydjc". 



* 




HN avoiljiv tou Itou<; 
331 x.X. b'AXe^avhpoq 

£X£<7Tp£^£V elq TYJV T U- 

pov, £v6a xpocjTjXBs y.a\ 6 
ctoXoc; auTou, xat i^By) 
yjto eioi\ioq xal xp60u- 
jxogvd auvd^Y] veccv dxo- 
cpaaiaTrAYjv pidxYjv piETd 
tou Aapdou. 'Avetgx; 
8' £X£i xpoj£9£p£ Ouatav 
elq t6v £yxo)ptov 'Hpa- 
y-Xia y,al Toug d'XXouq 
Ssouq, xai BcacpopouqETl- 
\ea£vkXkrivi.y.ouq dywvaq, yu^vixouc; ts y.al Tpa- 

YlX0 6g, £Cp' W T£ Xal 0? IxiaiQ^OTSpOl UXOXpiTat 

ty]<; 'EXXdBoc; xpo<rsxXif)0Y)aav, xEpi^avsaTEpav 

XaBlCJTWVTSq TY]V XY]VY]yupiV. T6t£ B' e!(J£xX£U- 

a£v s!<g tov Xc|X£va ttj<; Tupou xal yj IIdpaXo<; 

vauq twv 'AOtqvwv, <p£pouaa toik; xp£a6£i<; A:6- 

<pavTOV y.od * KyiWiai, oruiveq auvsydpiqcrav t6v 

paatXia Ixt toT? xaTOpOw^aacv auTou, xal xspl tyj? dBiap- 

pY]XTou cpt"Xta<; xal au[i[iayja<; tyjs x6Xew<; tcov SieBeSafaxjav 

auTov. 

IIp6<; dvTa^ot69]v B£ tt)<; <ptXocppoauvY)<; TauTY)<; ol ev Tpavtxa) 
ar/^dXojToc 'AGirjvaloi dxoXuTpo)0£VT£c; dx£<7TdXYj<?av elq Ta 't'Bca. 
nXirjpo^opYjOels Be xspl twv y,aT' auTou uxo twv AaxsBat^ovfwv 
uxoy.tvou[X£vo)v Tapaywv, £V TaiiTO) Be y,al xpoq da9dX£tav twv dv IIeXo- 
xovvf)ff<p 8iayiEv6vT<»>v xiaT&v £t<; auTov, xapY)yy£tXs tov Iv KpTjTY) stocG- 
^i£uovTa 'AyupoTspov vd xpoaXdSr) sxaTov xXoTa Kuxpfwv ts y.al <&oivfx<ov 
y.al vd axsucjfl xpog goifjGsiav aiiTtov. 

KaTd Be Td pi£<:a tou auTou Glpoug yjp^qcto 7) [LeydXt] y,aTa tou risp- 
T'.y.ou /.pocToug eizi^eciq. *0 CTpaTog twv MqcxeBovov auvitiTd^Evo? tjByj, dx; 
eTpi)T<zi, iv. TSffff'apdtxovTa /iXiiowv Ixxewv, sxyjpxsto xspl Td tsXyj tou 'Iou- 
Xfou \M)v6<;' ots 8s xposy^wpr^av elq tov EucppdTYjv xoTajxov y.aTa T'rjv A<£\l- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAESANAPOY 97 

cpaxov, 6 'AXeJjavSpoq xpoix£^£v dxoaxaa^a (TTpaTCWTWV xpog xaxaaxeu^v 
y£9upwv Bta TaxuT£pav Bid6aacv tou cupaTou. Kai GTaXdc; yiv 6 Ma^aloq 
xapd tou Aapdou jA£Ta x£VTa5uax^ wv X£^wv te xat ixxewv, exwXuas tyjv 
dxoxspaTwacv twv yscpupwv, ^-st' oXiyov o[iw<; yia0wv oti 6 'AXs^avBpoc; 
ixrjpxeTO jx£Ta tou oXou (TTpaTou, <po6if)9sl<; IxpaxiQ ecq ^uyiqv, o! Bs MaxeBo- 
v£<; Y£(pupa<; Buo ex, xXotapcwv 7,aTa<i7,sud<7avT£<; BteSiqaav t6v Eucppdkirjv, 
jjly)B£v6<; toX^jiwvtoc; vd lxiq>epfl IXdxcsTOV TtwXu^a' 6 B' 'AXI^avBpo; y.axa- 
yoY]T£u0£t<; ex. tyjc; Gecewq'TauTifjq tou toxou, BcsTa^s va xaTaaxeuaaGf) xaTa 
ty)V dxevavTt ox0iqv xoXcg, XaSouaa to ovo^a Ntxrjcpopiov. 

'Exl Buo <tx£§ov jJLYJva<; dyvoou^isv xotav xopefav dxpc6wq IXaSov Ta 
GTpaT£u^aTa tou 'AXec;dvBpou, x.al xoia au[x6£6Y]/,6Ta xapY)x.oXo60Y]aav e!q 
auTa, yiyvwaxo^sv Bs jjlovov oti {Jopeiav XaSovTa Btu0uvatv Bie6Y)<7av Btd Trjq 
MeaoxoTayuag, tjtk; opscvrj oOaa, tjto xal 6)aywTepov £/.t£0£c^l£vtq £?<; tov 
xauawvaTou Gspouq %cd dcp0ova)T£pa xapecx^Ta dvayxaca. 

<l>0d(javT£<; B' ecq tov TfypTQTa xotoc^iov oc MaxsBoveq auveXa6ov xara- 
cxoxoug Ttvd<; twv Ilspawv, xap' wv xal ex)a]po9opY]0Y]aav oti 6 Aapsto; i%l 
Y.zqxx~kr)c l ^eydXou aTpaTou tjto elq pisydXiqv xtviqacv xaTa to dxsvavTt jxepoq. 
*Ev T(p d^a 6 'AXe^avBpoq eaxeuas vd BceX0Y] xal tov xoTau.6v toutov, 90- 
tou\Lzyoq jjly) dxavTYjaY] xwXu^d Tt' dXV dx' evavTia; ouBslq i(pa(v£TO xpoaep- 
XO(X£vo<;. ToX^iQpal i%i%ei privet q y,al xoXs^juxy) ixavoTYjq "qaav xdvTY] dyvw- 
gt« £tg tov nipar^v ^ovdpxiQV. 

Ilapd Tfj dpxafa MoaaouX 6 'AXe?avBpo<; Bcs6y) tov TtypiQTa xoTa^ov, 
%txl ouBs^uav ^jl£V twovti dvTtaTaaiv dxTjvTiQaav xapd tou iy^goij, dWa xat 
^Ji£Td c ^£ydXY](; SucxoXiaq olMaxe86ve<; Bc£6Y]<rav tov xotoc^jlov Bid TTjvop^rjv 
tou p£U^aTO<;, Tag xpT)iiv(i)8ei<; ox0aq 7.ac Ta %aTa tyjv xYjyrjv auTOu xpoa7,6^- 
y.aTa. Kal dvayx.at,6^£voc yi£v 0! TaXafxwpot (jTpaTtWTat vd Bia6a(vo)ai xa) _ 
Xuyi6wvT£q t6v xoTaytov, xpaTouvTeq Ta oxXa xat Tag dxo<rx£ud<; auTwv d'vo)- 
0£V TTJg X£9aXYJ<; twv, x£ptfjX0ov £cq ^£yiaTOV /.tvBuvov vd xapaaupGwatv uxo 
tou p£uu.aTO<;' ouBev o^jlg)<; dXXo dx£UXTa!ov (juveStq £cq auaouq, £c(jlyj oti xoX- 
'k&Y.iq wcp£cXov vd pixTGXTi Ta oxXa xal Tag dxoa%£udc; twv Ivtoc; tou xo- 
Tayiou, dywvc^6tJL£vot vd cw0a>at. 

Kal ouy, 6X(yov y-£V IxaGov Ix ty)<; Ixtxovou oBotxopta? twv, dXXd T£acrd- 
pwv Y]t JL £pd)v dvdxauat<; ^xTjyay£V zlq auTou? Tag Buvd^£t(; twv cuyxpovox; Be 
%ol\ 6Xt7.T] IxXei^cc; geXtjvtqc;, a'lqjvT)? au^6daa tt?jv 20 2£XT£jJi6p(ou, BtYjyetpe 
tou<; B£tatBa(^ova<; 9660 uq h tw aTpaTto, dyvoouvTi ^£6a(o)(; Taq ^uacxdq 
aiTtag tou cpatvo^lvou toutou. 

'Exl xoXuv xi'bf] xpovov dxoxXavY]0£VT£c;, xal xoXu dx6 rfjq xaTptBoq twv 
dx^x°vT£<;, dBta6aTou<; B'£pY]piou<; Bt£X06vT£c;, u^igXd 6pY) avappcxiQ0£VT£q, 
/.al ixcxtvBuvoug xoTa^oui; BtaSdvTsg, out, 6X(yov y.aT£Tapax0Y]ffav vuv ux6 
TYJg i%Xe{^zd)q TauTYjg, ox; Gslov ^.Y]vu^a auTYjv ixXa^6dvovT£<;, xai u.iya Tt 
Bcivov y.aTd tt^jv cBdav twv wg £xtx£i^£vov xaT'auTwv £ty,d^ovT£q, ot£ I^jleXXov 
vd dvTtxapaTax0wat xp6<; aTpaTov taxupov %a\ £xccpo6ov Bid to piiya auTou 



98 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

xX-fjOoc;, dXk' 6 ^dvTtg 'ApiaTavBpog £vE0appuv£v auTouq, xapasTYjaac; oxt 
exeiBy) T) cjsXtqvy) elvai to darpov twv EUpawv, xa0wq 6 rjXtog etvai to 
aaxpov twv 'EX)of)vwv, o! 6eot Bed yiiXavoc; xexXou xaXut^avTsg auTifjv, 
BcsBiqXouv tyjv evto<;tou y/iqvoc; vcxyjv ei<; tov 'AXI^avBpov xal tyjv xav- 
tsXtj xaTaaTpocpY]v tou i%%gou tou. *0 Be gaacXsuq tzkiaaq 0ua(av £?<; tyjv 
(JeXt)vy)V, tov YJXtov xal tyjv Y/ijv, wv epyov e'yivwcxe xaXwg oti yjtoyj exXec^k; 
auTYj, ttjv ixiojaav xpolSaivs xpoq auvdvTYjatv twv Ilspacov. 

*0 Aapsloq d<p' ETEpou @Xsxwv oti s^jisXXs vd BcaxivBuvsucYj xspl tcov 
oXwv, auvayaywv dxaaav tyjv iax u P av Buvapuv Tfjq 'Acrlaq, xpoe6yj xpo<; 
^oppavTYj? x w P a ? ^^Ta to dvaToXcxov optov tou Tcyptjto?" d^Yjvwv ££ Tag 
^apscag axoaxsudq, Ta axsuocpopa xal toix; ^ax^ouq dvBpac; eiq Ta "Ap6YjXa, 
xposxwpYjtis xpog tov xoTapiov Auxov, ev0a xevts Yjyiipaq sBaxdvYjas yieTaSi- 
6d^wv tov yLsyav aTpaTov tou Bid yecpupac; elq Ta TauYatXTQXa, xapd T(p 
Bou^wB w xoTa^w, oXfya jxOaa Y^wYpaqHxd d%i%ovzi Tfjg xw^jiyj<; twv 'Ap6-rj- 
Xwv. nposTt^JLTjOY) Be xal xpoxapeax£uda0Yj uxo twv Ilepawv xupfwc; to \xigoq 
touto ax; xaTaXXYjXov xsBiov \x.iyr\q, xa0' o dveTWTepov YjBuvavTO vd [Jidxwv- 
Tai o! dxstpdpcO^ot Ixxecg, Ta Bpexavirjcpopa d^d^ta xal ol sXe^avTsg twv 
au^dxwv 'IvBwv, xal touto Bcoti yj ev 'Iaa(i> xpOTepa YjTTa tou Aapdou 
dxsB60Y] ei<; to cjtsvov tou toxou \loK\qv, ou evexa dxag 6 cjTpaToq tou Aa- 
pe(ou eyisvsv dvevspyYjTog, yj elq tyjv uxspTepav IxavoTirjTa xal dvBpaya6(av 
twv dvTaYtoviaTWV tou. 

*0 aptGtxsq tou cTpaTOu tou Aapstou yjto y.a0' OxspSoXYjv [liyccq, au(X- 
xoaou^svog &.q exaTov ^uptdBag, svey-aTo^^iuptov BTjXaBif) y.al T£Tpa%ta(xup(- 
oug Ixxdg y.aTa 'Apptavov, oYTtveq, oaov xal dv eXaTTwaw^ev auToug, TJaav 
cxavol vd x£pcjT£iXo)ai xai vd /.aTaOpauacoat BtxXaatoug Max.£B6va<;, dv eIxov 
BpaaTY]piov xat Y^vvaTov T)Y£^6va, xal dv !v£xv£ovto uxo xoivou Ttvog ata0Y)- 
^aTog' Y^aav £V evl Xoy tp ol Y £vvat o T£ P 01 xoXejiiarat tyj? ' Aafag, auv£iX£Y^£vo t 
ix, twv dTt0dujG)v ^uXwv tou Ka6ouX, tou "Q^ou, twv x£pix^pwv Xawv ttj<; 
Kaaxtag OaXdcaiqg /.al tou rUpscxou xoXxou, xal twv opiwv ttj? *Ap;jL£v(ag 
xal Souafag yi£Td (ax u P ^ awtiaTog ^Jna0o96p(ov 'EXXyjvwv, dXK' ouxl 
liovov outoi rjaav ^Ivot xal dxYjXXoTpcco^lvot xpog dXX-rjXoug, xaTa ts ttqv 
Y^waaav xal Ta I0i^a, dWa xal dpL0t6aIat ix0pixal Bia0la£t<; uxYjpxov (X£Ta^u 
twv Btacpoptov toutwv ipuXwv, ouBe Bi£cxovto uxo y£Vixy)<; Ttvog dpxTJg T) IBl- 
atT£pou Ttv6<; auti^lpovTog. 

*0 B' 'AXI^avBpoc; xp6g dpiaT£pdv (i£v Ixwv Ta TopTuata opY), xp6g Be- 
^tdv Bl ttjv T(ypy]^«> xpo£X*op£i yjBy) xpog ^£ar]^6p(av Bt£u0uv6^JL£voc; xpoq 
ttqv 'Aaa'jpfav x^pav, exeT Be yLa0G)v xapd twv (JuXXtq^Oevtwv xdXtv xaTaax6- 
xojvtwv Ilspawv, otc 6 AapEloc; scp0aa£V eiq rauYa^YjXa, ecxsucje xal outo<; 

£t<; auvaVTY]JlV aUTOU, Xal TYJV EtXOJTYjV IvdTYJV TO ECJXEpag TOU 2£XTE^6p(0U 

'^vog ol Buo aTpaTol Eup£0Y]aav 6 elq dxsvavTi tou dXXou. 

2u(x6ouXtov B' ^v TO) d^a auv£xpoTY)0Y) xapd twv dvwTEpwv d^twpiaTtxwv 
twv MaxsBovwv, dv Ixp£X£V d^£aw<; vd ^xtxEcrwat xaTaTou £X0pou, xal xdvTeg 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 99 

\±kv eBec^av <m IxsGu^ouv EU0uq vd Ixtxiaaxji x,aTd twv (SapSdpwv, dXX' 6 
'AXs£avBpo<; YjxoXou0Y]as vuv t^v yvco^v tou Ilap^svfcovoc;, scxovxoc; xaxd 
to xapov ^£vvd aTpaioxeBsuacoatv IxItwv /.aTd Td "Ap6f]Xa y^Xo^tov, auTo? 
Be xsptsXGwv axaaaq Tag Geastg, y,a0' &<; xpoeSXsxsv oti e(j.s\Xe vd (juyxpo- 
TY)0-fj t^ax^Qj *al Btepsuvifjaag^Y) uxrjpxov uxo/.pu(pioc Ta<ppoi § xal ocouByjxote 
dXXou e"Bou<; uxovo^oi xal svsBpca, IxavlaTpe^ev siq to (JTpaToxsBov, xal 
Toug apxT)TOu<; auyxaXiaa*; tou cTpaTou: 

«Asv elvai avaYKYj, slxsv sc<; auxoug, eya) vol: aaq xpOTps^w xal vd aaq 
xapoTpuvw vd cpavfJTS xp60uu*ot stg tov xpoxsc^svov aytova, Bcoti Ixavw? t^By) 
aaq xpoTpsxouai /.at cag EV0appuvou<jt x,aTa touto yj [8(a uu-d>v suxoXuJa y.al 
Ta Xau^xpd /.aTOpOw^aTcz, aTiva sBs(£aT£ ev Tpavt^a) /.at ev 'Iacrcp, xal Bi' tov 
sBo^daaTE Ta Max,sBovtx,d oxXa, ex 6s^eX(wv BcatjEtaavTsq to xpaxog xwv 
Ilspawv. 

«Asv xpoxpsxw Xoixov uu*d<;, dXV Ixi0u[xw, tj ^dXXov sixsiv d^tw, ujJLst? 
vd xpoxps^xs xou<; ucp' uu.ag [xaxo^evouq vd (pavwac Y £vva ' ot * at xp60u[iot 
e?g tov dywva xouxov. 'O Xoxayoq a? £v0appuvfl tov Xoxov tou, 6 "Xapxoq 
ty]v "Xtqv tou, 6 Ta^iapxoq xt)v xa^iapxtav tou xal 6 Bcocxtqxy^ tou xe^cxou 
ty)v e?g ocutov sxtxExpau^svrjv q>dXaYY a > ^6^ ^v xpoxsixac xa>pa ice pi Su- 
p(a? /.at <J>oiv(x.y]c;, ouBs xspl xfjc; AtyuxTOU, d~k\a xepl XYjg 'Aaiaq oXrjg, 
xspl ty)<; oxofag y.a! GeXst dxoqpaataSfj xotoi xpexet vd elvai xflpiot auxYJg, o! 
"EXXyjvsi; r\ o! Ilepaac. 

«OuBe xpeia xpog toutoi? elvai vd !£sYe(pY)T£TY)v xp6<; Td /.aXdxpoOu^iav 
auTwv, BtoTt o'(%o0£v oOtoi dq MaxeBoveq voouai y.at xpaTTOuai t6 y.a0YJx6v 
TG>v,dXXd vd BiaTd^Y)T£ auTouq vd T^pwacv iv tw /.ivBuvtj) ty]v dvrjxoua-av Ta- 
?iv, xal vd atwxwai ^£V 6adxtc; elvat dvaYX-t], vd (pwvd^wai 8' Ivtovw? oadxtq 
0£(op£lTai xaXov to ^oav, /.at vd dXaXd^watv oadxtg elvai xatp6<; d\<x\(xy\iou. 
IIp6 xdvxwv Be vd xpoalx W(Tt v ^ dxouwat xaXwc; Td xapaYY^^^o^sva /.al vd 
ex.T£>.(i)atv auTd Tax£w?, BtoTt xpix£C vd £v0u^LwvTat dxavTEg, oTtxdv t6 {jlst* 
du.£X£tac; xpaTTou.£vov dxo6a(v£t xpoq ^Xd6if]v, t6 Be pl£t' £xt[X£X£taq y'T"^ " 
ji£Vov xpo<; ^ISaiov oyeXoq)). 

TauTa %<xl Td TotauTa xapaYT £ ^ a ? o 'AXI^avBp og, Bt£Ta^£v auxouq vd 
dxiXGwatv e?s Tag a/.^vdg twv y.ai vd B£txvYjao)jt, vd ^dXwac Be xal t6v aTpa- 
t6v vd dvaxau0f), wjte ttjv ixiouaav vd elvai £toc^o<; eiq (xdx^v. 

'Eva) o! Ma/.£B6v£<; dv£xauovTo 6 B' 'AXd^avBpoc; BtETpcSe x£pi t^v 
a%Y]vif)V tou yLETd tou u.dvTSdx; 'ApcaTdvBpou, tepoupYtaq Ttvdc; dxoppYjTouc; 
tsXwv, %(xl eiq tov $66ov 0ua(a<; xpoacpipwv, ot xpsff6uT£pot tou dxoaxda^aToq 
twv ETafpwv ^£Td tou IIapyL£vf(ovo(; YffTavTO dvaXoyi^6[JLevoi t6 ^.£y« tyj<; i%i- 
X£tpT)a£w?. "Axaaa -^ /.aTd Td TopBuala opY) x£Btdg IcpatveTo 7.aTaXd[xxouaa 
uxo <^a>TG>v ^ap6dpu)v, ctuyxexu^^voc; Be 06pu6o<; hq i% Btacpopcov i0vwv xpo- 
epXou.£vo<; xal ^o^) d/.aTdXif)XTO<; e^yjpxeto dq ex. x£XaYou<; dxavoug. 
(dloaov ^EYa, eXeyov xpo<; dXX-rjXouc;, xal xoaov BuaxoXov xpocpavwc; vdauu.- 
xXaxw^EV ^LETd tou dx£cpou toutou xXt)0o uq,7.at xwq sIvoctBuvaTOV vd dxocgu- 



100 ECTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAESANAPOT 

Y<i)^ev TotouTov Tpo^epov ytvBuvov;)) Kotvfj Be yvw^ xpoaepxeTat 6 Ilap^e- 
v(o)V elq tov 'AXe^avBpov, dcpou ereXetoxre t« lepd, ((KaXov etvat, 'AXe^av- 
Bpe, Ttj) etxe, vd exiTsOw^sv d^eaox; Btd vuxtoc; xaTa tgjv ix0po>v, £va> exetvot 
slvat dxpocpuXaxTot x.al Bev jiaq xept^ivouutv)), — ((06 yXIxTO) tyjv v(xyjv)), 
dxYjVTYjsev dyeptoxwc; 6 'AXec;avBpoc;. Kal touto pidXtffTa ^oSoujjievoc; xa c 
6 AapeToc;, eypaTei tyjv vuxTa tov CTpaTov tou etc; tyjv auTYjv 0eatv, etc; yjv 
yaT' dpxdc; elxe Toxo0eTYj<iei auTov, dveu Tacppou yat x^^K-oc^yat exo^evax; 
tJLrj ex^v e^YjacpaXta^evov GTpaTOxeBov, ey,q>66ou puyj Btd vuyT&c; dxtxeayj yaT' 
auTou 6 ex^poq. 

*H TOtauTY) Be 0eatc; e&Xa<j;ev out, oXtyov tou<; riepsac;, ec;avTXYj(iaaa Ta<; 
Buvd^etc; auTWV eveya tyj<; duxvtac; yat dcpatpeaaaa tyjv toX^jiyjv tcov, 6 B' 'AXe- 
£avBpo<; elxe xpoXd6et va Bteu0eTYjffYj yaXwc; tov aTpaTov tou, xpoTetx^ac; 
auTov Btd Tacppou yal %dv8ax,o<;. 

'AxeXOovToq Be tou IIap[Jievta)voc;, et<; @a0UTaTov uxvov xapeB60Yj 6 
'AXe^avBpoc;, y.aTa to auvYj6ec; auxw, wciTe d[xa tyj r)[xepa o! aTpaTYjyot xpoa- 
eX06vTe<; Yjxopouv xepl toutou, y,al Bterac;av jxev touc; cTpaTtaVrac; vd xpoyeu- 
^aTtuoxjtv, dXV exetBYj 6 yatpoc; ev toutou yjto exl ^dXXov y.aTexetyo)v, 6 
ITap^evttoV e^6dc; yal xdXtv etc; tyjv ayYjvYjv tou 'AXe^dvBpou, Tptc; ai)T&v 
yaXeaac; ec; ovo^aToc;, yal dcpuxvtaac; auTov tw xapeaTYjae tov 0au^aa^6v tou. 

((Ilax; Buvaaat, tw elxe, tocjoutov @a0eax; y,al yjjuxox; vd yot^daat, ax; vd 
e!xe<; yjByj vtyYjaet, y.al ouxl w? ^eXXcov vd dycjviaO^c; tov axouBatoTaTov %<x\ 
yptat^itoTaTov dycova!)) *0 B' 'AXe^avBpoc; cpatBpwc; uxopietBtGJv, ((Kal Bev 
ae <patveTat, elxev, otc ivtyYjcja^ev yjByj, dqjou dxYj^XafYj^ev xXeov tou yoxou 
vd xeptxXava>^e0a yal vd tjjTto^ev etc; dxepdvTOUc; y.ac epY][JLou<; x^P a ? ^ov 
AapeTov, oaiiq Beixvuet oti dxotpeuyec tyjv jxax^v;)) 

'EyepSelc; Be ty^c; y,XtvYjg 6 'AXe^avBpoc;, ecpopecrev ev to) ayia tyjv xepixe- 
cpaXafav tou, yjtk; yjto \xh atBYjpd, dXk' eaTtXSev ox; dpyupoc; y.a0ap6q, y.<xl 
yjto epyov tou TOTe xepicpY](xou y.aTd Td TotauTa OeotpfXou. Suvy]0gx; B' 6 
*AXe?av8po<; ecpopet y.al exevBuTYjv St7.eXty.6v, ecp ou uxYjpxe BtxXouc; 0wpac; 
Xtvoug, ex twv ev'Iacja) y,upteu0evTU)v* xepl Be tov TpdxYjXov elxe xpoaiqp^o- 
cj^jievov xeptTpaxY]Xtov atBYjpouv x.a! Xt0oy,6XXY]TOV, etxe Be yat [xdxoctpav 0au- 
^.atjTYjv Btd Te tyjv ^atpjv yat tyjv eXacppoTYjTa, Bwpov twv ev Kuxpq) KtTtewv' 
xdvTOTe B' 6 'AXec;avBpo<; pieTexetpt^eTo tyjv ^dxacpav ko^o, Td<; [idxac;' 
e9£pe y.at x^ a ^^ a xoXuTt^ov yaTd tyjv epyaatav, epyov tou ^EXtywvot;, 
xept<pY)[iou u<pavTOU tyj<; Kuxpou, yat Bwpov etq auTov xpoa^epOev 6x6 twv 
PoBtwv. 

Kat ots piev auvif)0ox; Vxxeuev 6 'AXe^avBpoc;, e'tTe xpoTpexwv, e'tTe Bta- 
Taaawv yat £xt6Xexa)v Tt, (JieTexetpt^eTO dXXov Yxxov, <petB6[Jievo(; tou Bou- 
yetpdXou, 6c; xapYjXtyoc; yjByj, yaTd Be tyjv evap^tv tyjc; pLaxYjc; T(j) xpoaifjyeTo 
6 Yxxoc; Ixecvoc;, icp' o5 £xt6atvcjv yj px^e tyjv [xdxYjv. 

Ilptv B' ly0eawpLev Td y.aTa tyjv lidxYjv, y.aX6v y,ptvotxev vd dvacpepwpiev 
6X(ya Ttvd xepl tyjc; Tac;eox; y.a0' yjv eTax0Yjaav d^cpoTepoi ot aTpaTot. 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 101 

To [kh euwvu^ov ^spo<; tou Aapstou elxov ot BdxTptot txxstc; xat ot 
o^opot toutoic; 'IvBot, xat ot Adat, /.at ot 'Apax&Tat, eTtoc 8' Yjaav o! IIspcjGu 
ixxstg o^jlou /.at XE^ot, ava^s^iY^ivot, xai ot Souatot, y.at ot KaBouatot, xaTd 
B^ to 8e£i6v, oi lot ty}<; KotXrjc; Suptac; xat ot £7. Tfjg MsaoxoTa^Jua*;, eItg« Be 
ol MfjBot, ot IlapOoc xai o? Sdxat, dxoXouGax; 8' ot Tdxoupot x.at o! 'Ypxd- 
vtot, etTa 8' ot 'AX6avot y.al oc Saxecrivai, %aTd Bs to ^saov, Iv0a yjto y.at 6 
^actXsuc; AapsToc;, -rjaav TETay^svot ot auyyevelg tou gaatXIdx; xal ot ^y]Xo- 
tpopot Xsyo^svot Ilepaat 7,at ot au^axot '-IvBot /.at ot KdpEc; ot XsYo^svot 
'AvdaxaaTot, y.al ot MdpBot To^oTat, 2ti Be ^aSuTepov -rjcjav ot Ou?iot xal ot 
BotSuXwvtot, xafc ot xapd Tfj 'EpuOpa OaXdaqf) T.dTOt/,ot /.at ot StTOtxtvot. 

Koct& to sucovuyiov Be xpog toutoic; Yjaav xpoTETaypiEVot (be; xpog to 
Bs^tov tou 'AXs^dvBpou ot SxuOat txxslc; xat xiXioi xsptxou Bdy/rptoi, 
/.at SpixaTa 8psxavY)9opa sy.aTov'oi 8' sXscpavTSc; sTsGiqcjav xotTd tyjv "iXtqv tyjv 
gaatXtx-rjv, evGa Y)a av Wi zuq xevty)/.ovt(Z ETspa apLxaTa' xotTd Be to Be^cov 
-rjaav ot txxs'tc; twv 'Ap^svtwv y,at twv KaxxaB6x.o)V, y.at apjxaTa Bpsxavrjcpopa 
xevTY)y.ovTa* ot Be puaGocpopot "EXXtqvsc; YJaav xpOTETay^svot (jletoc £xta"rj(JL(ov 
IIspaa>v TtaT* d^cpoTspa toc piipYj tou Aapstou dxsvavTt ttjc; <pdXocYyo<; twv 
MaxeBovuv. 

'O 8s aTpaTOQ tou 'AXs^dvBpou cuvsy,£tTO 1% Btacpopwv tXwv txxswv, wv 
'tXapy v ot Yja av KXeTto<; 6 ApwxtBou, 6 %<x\ MsXaq ixovo^a^otAsvog, 6 TXau- 
/.la?, 6 'AptaTtov, 6 *Hpay.X£tBiQ(;, 6 MsXEaypoc; %a\ 6 'HysXoxog, Ysvtxoc; 
8s Btot7.Y]TY](; tou txxtxou ^to 6 <l>tXa)Ta? tou Ilap^Evtwvog, TYjq Be cpaXayy ? 
twv x£^wv dpx^yot ^aav 6 Ntxdvop, 6 tou Ilap^EVtwvoq B£UT£poq utoq, Koi- 
voq 6 IIoX£^oy.pdTou(;, 6 rUpBtxag, 6 St^i^taq, 6 IIoXuaxEpxwv, 6 
KpaT£po<;, 6 'Eptyu'toq, xap-rjaav Be y.at ot 'Ayptavsq, /.at ot Ilatoveg, 
wv dpx^T ' 1 '0 (:av ° 'Ap£TY]<; y.at 6 'AptaTWv, xal ot ixovTiaxal tou BaXaxpou 
y.at ot @pay.£<;, d>v dpx^To? ^ T0 ° StTdX%Yj<;, y.at ot 'OBpuaaat, y.at Bt-dcpopot 
aXXot "EXXtqve?, au^^axot xat txtaGocpopot* axa<; B' 6 aTpaToc; tou ; AX£^dv- 
Bpou auv£xoaouTO Etc; exTaxtaxiXtouc; txxEtc;, y.ai TsaaapaxovTa %i\i&Z{xq 

XE^WV. 

Outo) B'ot Buo cjTpaTot, xpoxapsaxEuaa^svot £t<; ixax^QV 6vte<;, ayia iyyui; 
xpoa^XOov Xtav xpwt tyjv ixtouaav T]^£pav tiqv a' 'OxTcoSptou, xat ot aaXxty- 
y.Tat iadXxtaav ExaT£po)0£V tyjv xpoa6oXY]v, ot aTpaTtanat a^a tw aaXxt(7(xaTt 
^etcx xoXX^<; f>ofj<; y.at xaTayou £(pa)p[JLY]aav y.aT'dXXr)Xtov. 

Kat xpWTOV plev 6 'AXs^avBpoc; 8t£Ta£s tou<; xpo tou dptaTEpou /ipaTO? 
xapaTETaY^lvoug ^taSocpopouc; txx£tq vd ixtxEawat xotTa twv txxlwv tou 
AapEtou, dXk' ot 2xu0at txxstc; xat ot BdxTptot dvT£XEX66vT£<; ETpE^av au- 

TOUq Etq tpUY^V, X0X6 X^EtOTSpOt OVTE? TOV dpt0[x6v. 

Kat BtaTaacjEt ^ev tote 6 'AXs^avBpoc; Toug Ilatovag vd Ixtxlawat xaTd 
Twv HxuOwv, oVtivs? %at Tjvdyxacjav <xutou<; vd uxoxwpV Wfftv > dXXd xat ot 
BdxTptot xaTd twv Ilatovcov 6p(XYjaavT£<; touc; te cpuy^VTag SxuOag s'xgcvy]- 
Yayov etc; tV t^dx^v, y.al xpaTEpdv auv^^av txxoyiaxiav, 7.a6' vjv xoXXot 



102 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

\ih £% oc|JL90T£p(i)v twv ^Epwv exixtov, dXXd xXsioTspot ^aav £7. TWV MocxeB6- 
vwv* cuyxP 0V0) S ^ o^ ^ap6apot dxsXucav x.al Td Bpsxavr^opa dptxaTOC xpo? 
t& yipo?, ev6a ^to 6 'AXe^avBpoq, dXV gcxstuxov. 02 'AYptdvE? y.at to 
cxxixov twv £Ta(pwv, dXXa (xev tgjv dp[xdTG>v xaTaxovT^ovTeq erpsxov stq 
<puYif)v, aXXa Bs y,al auXXa^6dvovT£<; kqctexoxtov tou<; ixxouq ocutwv. 

Kal 6 y-sv AapsTo? ^xY)Y a T £V axaaav ttjv ?B(av tou ya'kay*(<x %at' ocutwv, 
6 S' 'AXs?avBpo<;,T6v piv 'ApsTiqv %(xl tov KX£avBpov,dpxY)YOu<; twv yua6o- 
9opwv *EXXrjV(ov,£7.£X£uas vols sxixsawaiv £v awjJiaTt KaTd twv txxlwv, oYtive? 
xal e^xoxeuov vols XEpt/.ux.'XtoaGxjt to Bs^tov iwv MocxeBovcdv yipaq, ineivoq 
Be yi£YdXY]v excdv xsxocOiqatv elq Td !epd, t& iX£vdx.6vTtov e!<; ttjv dpiaTspdv 
XEipa yi£Ta6i6daaq, ttjv Bs^cdv dvaTEivaq dq tov oupavov, e'Bseto Xsytov. 

«0eoc txsyaXoBuva^oi ! dv xsxptoTat vd KaTaXuOfj yj Ilepaty,?) {xovapxta, 
Ivtaxu^aTS tou<; "EXX-qvat; y.al s^s, octk; ox; avTixpoacoxo? ocutwv dvsXaSov 
t6 yLlya touto epyov!)) Kal touto sux^Oei*; laxsuasv dXald^tov y.£Td tou 
txxixoO twv £Tafpo)V ttaTd tyjc; xpoxapsaxsuaayisvr)? (paXayY ?* *Yx6 dxs- 
pt-f pdxTou B* svOouataaixou y.aTsaxsO'Q 6 'AXe?avBpo<; pitpaq Td. $Xs^|iaTa 
lid tov AapsTov, octtk; f)T0 <bpaZo<; y.al yiyac;, scp' D^tqXoO ap[xaTo<; exoxou- 
pL£vo<; y.al 6x6 xoXXwv y.at Xa^xpw? evBeBu^iivwv lxxewv xepi9poupou^£vo<;. 

"Exatps B' £xl TouTtp, ox; Xetov, xeivaXeo?, dxevavTt <zutou ux£pY]cpdvou 
tisv dXXa y,al ax; BscXijc; eXd^ou epupavt^o^ivou.Kal KaT'dpxd<; (JL£V t) jJidx'O ^ev 
£y£V£T0 ix, tou au<7TdBY)v, dXX* baov ouxo) 6 'AXI^avBpoq, Katdi t6 cuvtq0£c; 
auTa), wq ^atv6^£vo<; y.at xdXtv, Ixixcxtcov %aTa twv X£p! auTov Y£vva(ox; 
jxaxo^£Vd)v n£pawv, Biaa^^et Ta<; Td£§ei<; auT(ov, xal Tpo^£pov dxTQyay£V 6X£- 
0pov. 

'AT.Xexoc^'tjXo)*; Be xp6 twv ocpSa^^wv tou Aap£tou excxtov (pov£uo^£vot 
o! aptaTOi %<x\ Y£vvacoT£poi tou cjtpoctoG tou, auyxP 0VW ? ^£ * a t 6 Aa- 
p£loq x£pt^X0£ tov ^iyiaTov twv xtvS uvwv, ^y) Buvd[X£vo<; vd aTpl^yj ei<; Ta 
6xfaa) t6 dp^xa y.at vd e^iXGfl £/, tou xeBcou ir\q \L<xx-qq t Bioti o! TpoxoJ ixu- 
X(ovto £^xX£y.6^£vot £c<; Td xTWjJiaTa to)v Ilspaciv 7.al o! ixxot 6x6 toij xXt;- 
6ou<; twv V£/,pG)V dxoy,puxTo^£vot E^EXYjBwv 7,al KaTETdpaTTOv tou? fjvtoxouc; 
%at dva&dxa?. 'Exl T£Xou<; B' 6 Aap£To<; dvaYttaa0£t<; vd dcp-rjaiQ t6 dp^xa xal 
Td oxXa, ^TpdxY) £t<; cpUYYjv, dva6d<;, dx; >^£Y£Tat, Ixl Orj^Etac; veotoxou txxou, 
dXka xal xdXiv Bev -^SeXs Bia^uyEt Td? %eipa<; tou *AX£?dvBpou, dv ^jltj 
guvi6atv£ t6 dxoXouOov x£ptaTaTC/,6v. 

Ouxi ^.ovov xp6 iriq (xaxiQ?, dXka xal %aTd t^v ^dxiQV, dXXd xal %aTd tov 
ztvBuvov <z6t6v 6 'AXI^avBpog to Be^iov %igaq y,u6£pvcov i^.dvY] T(povTt jjle- 
7a?, BiocTTjpoJv t^v dX£u0£pfav Twv Bta^oYtapicov xai t6 6dppo<; tou. KaTd t6 
s6(I)vu^jlov b^.(oq, x£pt tov IIap[JL£VtG)va, Bta^opou? £Xa6£Tpoxd<; r] \L<x%ri. To 
BaxTptavov !xxiv.6v pi£Td 6opu6ou xoXXou jtal bg\Lriq ix£X£a£ xaTd twv Ma- 
*/.£B6v(i)v, cuyxP° vw< 5 ^ K°rt yvwaToq t^By) Ma^ato? Ix£^^£ Tay^a txxlwv, 
BtaTa^a? auxou? vd xpoaSdXoxjt tou? Td cjxeutq I^wOev t^? cpaXayYoq (puXda- 
aovTaq. *Yx6 d^oxiptov Be twv xeptcTaTixwv toutwv xaTa0opu6iQ0£t(; 6 



ISTOPIATOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 103 

IlapyiEvtwv, exe^ev d^iiawc; dyYsXtacpopov dq tov 'AXs^avBpov, ^tj^wv $oyj- 
0£tavxap' auTou, guyxP 0VW S hk %y\ dvayYeXXwv etc; auTov OTt zupteueTac to 
Xapdxwyia aiiTwv, av oaov TaxtaTa £ £ v xepi^lfl @OYj0etav bxupav. 

"Etuxs B* 6 'AXecJavBpog tyjv aTty^Yjv TauTYjv xapsxwv Etc; tou<; jjlocx " 
yiivouc; BtaTa-fYjv ecpoBou* wg B' Yjxouae Td xapd tou Ilap^evtwvoc; ynrjvu0evTd* 
((IlapaXoYt^ETat, elxsv, auTog 6 av0pwxoc;, ouB' ex et cwag Tag <ppsva<;, Xyj- 
au.ovYjaac;sv Tfj Tapaxf] ocutou OTtav(Ji£VVtxYjcrw<Ti 6dXd6w<jty,at TaTwv£X0pwv 
av Bs vt/.Yj0wat, xpsx£t vd cppovTt^watv ouxl xspt xP Y ]t JL ^ T0)V *°^ dvBpaxoBwv, 
xal cxeuwv, dXXd xwq vd dxoOdvwatv evBo^wc; xal Xa^xpwc; dYwvt^6[A£vot». 

KatT(pOVTt B* 6 IIaptJl£v((i)V7.aTdTTJV JJldx^V TaUTTQV 6xYjpc;s xdvTY) vw- 

0po<; %<x\ dBpavYjc;, e'tTS Bioti t6 Yfjpac; xaplXucrev yjByj y.£poq tyjc; toXeayjc; 
tou, e'lTS Bt6Tt,w<; 'kifei %<xl 6 Td Totaika tcjTopwv Ka"XXta0£VY]c;,£<p06vY]as t6v 
'AXs^avBpov Btd tyjv eyupuTOV auTou xoXe^uxyjv ty.avoTY]Ta y,at tov 6yx.ov tyjc; 
Buvdpiswc; tou, 6 Be $<x<ji"kzuq dyava^TTjaag, Iv Tautw Bs y.a£ XuxYjOstc; Bid to 
fjiY)vuu.a tou Ilap^Evtwvoc;, etc; touc; CTpaTtwTac; expu^e tyjv cc)of)0stav, dXXd 
xal 0eXwv Bfj0sv vd xauaYj t6v cpovov, w<; £xeX6ou<n]<; tyjc; vuxtoc; E^Yj^avs 
tyjv ctvaxTajatv, %al wppiYjae piv extcpspwv goY]0etav eiq t6 KtvBuveuov 
[i.igoq' xa0'6B&v oyiwc; dv£x«tT(cj0Yj, yia0wv oti o! £X0pot vt/.Yj0svT£<; sTpdxYjaav 
dq (puyrjv. 

*H X£pl Td "Ap&rfka ^dxY) lyivETO %aia tov 'Oy/uwSptov jrrjva, y,a0' yjv 
xapd yiv twv MaxsBovwv ux£p touc; xEVTaxoatouc; sxsaov, oux, oXtyot B' 
£Tpau^aTia0Yjaav, iv oXq %<xl 6 E*xtaTYj0toc; qi\oq tou 'AX'eljdvBpou, 6 *H<pat- 
crrfwv, 6 vuv ccpx^yoS Twv cw^aTocpuXdxwv, 6 cTpaTYjyoc; IIspBty,ac;, 6 
KoTvoq, 6 MsvtBac; %al aXXot i% twv sxi<pav£aT£po)v dpxYjywv* xapd Be twv 
^ap6dpwv X£^ol yiv y.al txx£l<; TuXstaTOt y.aT£/,6xYjaav, out, 6X(yoc Be y,ai 
^x^a^a)Tta0Yjaav, y.al o! IXicpavTe? Bexpo^TouTotq, otTeYxxoi, x,ac Tadppia- 
Ta xa^ axav t6 CTpaTox£Bov auTwv auv£Xifj(p0Yj(7av' ol Be Xotxot 9uydB£<; twv 
IlEpawv Bi£u0uv0Yjaav xpoc; tov Auxov xoTajxov, y.aTaBiG)y,6piEvoc uxo twv 
Ma/.£B6vwv, ixeiBif) B' ev tw a^a y^ yecpupa iys^caOYj pLsyaXou xXyj- 
0ouq, xXetaTot dxwXea0Yjaav axeuBovTeq vd BtaSwat tov xoTa^ov xal xixtov- 
ts<; yiaXXov 6 elq ^xl tou aXXou, yj 6x6 tyjc; piaxatpac; twv vcoojtwv a^a^o^Evot. 

*0 B' 'AX^avBpoc; <p0daa<; dq t6v xoTa^x6v ty^v auTYjv laxipav, xaTaBi- 
wxwv t6v e*x0p6v, e^etve \xi%gi tou ^£aovu7,Ttou, xap^xwv dvdxauatv Tiva Etc; 
t6v GTpaTov, %<x\ tyjv dy.6Xou0ov Yj^Epav yjto sic; Td "ApSYjXa, iq" wv y.<x\ to 
ovo^xa eXa6ev y) i^dxYj, x^YjateaTepov 7,et^evYj dq tov toxov tyjc; xapa<JTYj0£(aYjc; 
axYjvtjc;. Kal wpE^ETO yiEV vd au7^Xd6Yj tov Aapslov, dXk' dxsTuxsv. *0 A or' 
psioq xpo^aSwv BieSyj sic; Ta %aTd Td 'ExSaTava tyjc; MYjBiac; (ispYj, Bispxo- 
tJLevoc; Td 6pY) tyj? 'Ap^sviac; xai xapa)toXou0oujjLEvoc; 5x6 yLEyaXou dxoaxd- 
ayLaToc; Ba/.Tpiavwv ixxewv, dXk' axavTEg o! 0Yjaaupo! %qd at ixoaxsual 
auTou exegov dq Taq x £ 'P a< S T0 ^ vtxYjTou. OuBsv B* aXXo T"?jv aYj^spov ctw^e- 
Tat in tou {ilpoug toutou, sv0a ctuve6yj y^ Tpo^xepcd [idxYj, £t^-?j toxoc; tk; xa- 
Xouu.svo<; B^yjt r^p^Jia, yjtoi OUoc; 'Ocrulwv. 



104 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Toioutov li'koq eXa6sv y) ev 'Ap6YjXoi<; x£pi6oTQTOc; [JidxYj, St* r]q yj [Lz^dlri 
[iky BuvaaT£ia to>v Ilspawv y,aT£X60Y) xavTaxaaiv, 6 B' 'AX^avBpot; dvigyo- 
p£u0Y) dx6XuT0<; ^aatXsu? y,al y,upcapxo<; tyjc; 'Aaiaq. 

*H ixdx"T) tcov 'Ap6if]Xa)vd(p^y.£V£xoxT]V evtyj !aTopfocT^<; Aimxijs 'Aafaq, 
yaTaXuaaaoc BuvaaTdav, e£ y)<; IXa6s T£Xo<; y) piovapxta twv MY)Bo-Il£paG)v. 
KaiTot 8' e^Y) etasTt 6 Aapeloq, y)to o[ktoq xdvTY) dvia%upoq xa\ xpdy^aTi 
x£xt(dxgx;tou ypaTouq tou ox£pY) dx£axda-0Y) yj By] dx6TGJvx£tpwvauTou,Y] yjto 
spn.aiov £iq tov [jtiXXovTa xavTaxaatv vol: 7.upt£uaYj gcuto BopuxTYjTopa. To 
xpwTov B' t]Btq >,£y£Tat oti y) euptoxabuj sxtppOY) guv£gty)0tq £xt ^ydXou [ii- 
pouq tou dvaTo)ax,ou yoa^ou. 

'H ev 'Ap6r]Xotg i^dxY] dxoT£X£T oux yjttov Ixigyj^ov IxoxV %(xl dq tyjv 
^g)Y]v tou 'AT^dvBpou, ycd dxoTouB£ 6 /apax,TY^p tou Yjptoo<; Y)pxtff£vd 
^jiETaTplxYjTat, xoXu Bidcpopov Xa^6dva)V yiopqnfjv. Td xpo)'(>(oc; yjByj dva9<x- 
vIvtoc dyctxYjTd ovstpa tyj<; <pi).oBo?(a<; tou, y,al xpto'qjLtoi; £x(aYj<; £/,x)oqp(i)- 
0£VTa, oXeOpia IxYjyayov dxoTsXia^aTa y.al ^£y(aTY)V exstpspav ^XdSrjv ef<; 
Ta y,aXd auTou ex (puastoq cBiwpiaTa. Meyaq vuv xal xav(ax u P oc S Yev6^evo<;, 
uxoTutpou oe x.a! dXa^wvefaq sxatpo^svoq xaTiaTY] y.al iBcoTpoxo?, Tupavvcxcx; 
xal GY."kr i poq, y.ai s!q tyjv xap£y,Tpax£laav auTou Bcd0£acv EyxaTaTa^xavopiE- 
voq, d<pY)y.£V IXsuOspov pouv dq Td xapdXoya auTou xd0Y), 69' J>v xal (I)0eTto 
eiq cppixTd eyxXYj^aTa, aTiva EXTqyayov e!q ocutov tov IXsyxov tyj<; guvecByj- 
ascoq xal dx& TYJq y.<xphi<xq auTou dxYjXXoTpfwaav xdv oaci0Yj^a(pt)aa<; xal y,a0Yj- 
%ovTO<;,Btapi£VOVTa <b<; d^aupac y,Y)XlB£<; exc ts tou £uy£vou<; ^apaxTtjpos xat 
tou Xa^xpoO GTocBtou tou, dXXoc %al Bsv Buvdpi£0a vd dpvY]0G)[X£V oti 6 'AXs- 
^avBpoc; Bt£TY]pTjO-£V ixavd 'i'xvyj ^£Tpto(ppoauvY]<;, BtyatoauvYj<; y,al aiiTaxapvYj- 

G£0)<;, Bt' WV Bl£*p(0Y) Y) dpXYJTY^f; ixTaXTOU ^(OYJq TOU. 

'Ax6 ty)<; gx^vy^c; Bs i%q T£X£UTafa<; TauTY]c; ^dxY]? d[XcpoT£pot 0! dpXYj- 
yot x£piY)X0ov eiq d^Y)xavfav xocav xop£tav vd Xd6wat' y.al o^jlev Aap£lo<; 
£ax£ua£V suGuc; xpoc; Td ftlpY) ty^<; MYjBfaq xapd Td 6pY) tyj? 'Ap^£vfac;, 6 B£. 
vty.r^opoqcTpaToc; xpo!6Y) xpoq votov xpo0u^ou[X£voq vd Bp£!J»Y) tolx; y.apxou<; 
twv V£03V auTou Bacpvwv dq Tdq xXouataq yL£yaXoux6X£t<; tou Eu^pdTou %<xl 
TtypYjToc;. 

At 06pai iv xpwTot^ ty^c; Ba6uXwvo<; Yjv£wx0Y]Gav d^i<7G)<;xp6g uxoBoxyjv 

TOU XpO(7£pXO^£VOU BopU/.TY)TOpO<;, Ot B'£XCaY]^OT£pOt TWV y.aT0C7.G)V XpOGYjX- 

6ov uxoo£xo[JL£vot ocutov ^i£Td ^jL£ydXY]<; uxoyA(cr£to<; y,at Bwpwv. OuBexots B' 
ouTot £B£t^av xXfaiv Tivd yj auyixd0£iav ziq tou<; nipaat; o\'tiv£(; &>q uitotz'kziq 
0£topoGvT£c; louq Y.wzoi'AQuq Xtav BuvaGTty,w<; xai Tupavvixax; xpo<; ocutou? 

^9£pOVTO. 

'H Ba6u"Xwvta Xotxov Y)Tocyid^£TO yjByj vd dXXd^Y) Begxotyjv &<; <xpo 
Tivog XP 0V0U ^^ TotouTov guv£6y) y.al £?<; tyjv A'tyuxTov, 6 Be V£o<; Y)ysyid)V e?G- 
i)X0£V et<; tyjv xo>pav (jlet* <£ve%9pdGT<ov Tt^wv xat x£ptxonQa£0)V. 

IIpcoTOt; 0' sq^X0£V et? xpouxdvTY]Gtv auTou 6 yvg)gt&<; Ma^aTo*;, zaTa- 
cpuywv dq tyjv xo)av TauTYjv jA£Td twv IvyjXc'/vWV uloiv tou, BtaTYjpwv yiv (pu- 




nPOTOMH TOY AAESANAPOY 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 105 

atft(pT(j)X6Y<t> ttqv dpxatav ■ a&ToG Extppoifjv, dXV Exotic; vd ^tqtyjju eXeoq 
y.al va xapaBaxjfl eauTov xal t^v ^acjtXtxiQV e^ouatav et? t&v dvacjacvo^evov 

iJBlQ VtXY)TYJV. 

'E^apiQ Be t« y.sYiaTa fXIxovv otc togoutov Taxecoc; e?<; X £ 'P a $ auTou 
exixts xoXtq, ■jjq t) xoXtopxta xoXuv dxY)T£i /povov xai xoxov, xafc out 6 to- 
cjoutov £%l(jri[Loq y,al vevvaTos Ma^atoc; outo) xpoOu^wc; uxetaaasTO etc; au- 
tov. Eu^svwq B* 6 'AXs^avBpoq 6xo8ex8ei? t6v EUpaiQV yiETd twv uta>v tou, 
ev [LeydXyi xo^xf] xat xapaTd^et xpoe6iQ eVuoc; Tfj<; xoXswq. 

Kal {Jispo? yiv tg>v BaSuXwvtwv BtejxetVEV eVrcx; twv TEtx&v aOTrjc;, eTot- 
tia^o^svoi va uxoBexOwat tov veov (jiovap%Y)v, xX-£taT0t 8' e^-rjXOov etc; xpo- 
uxdvxiqatv auTou, ev o!<; BtexptveTO 6 ^v BaSuXwvt GqaaupocpuXaJ tou Aa- 
pefou BayofpdvYjc;. 

*AfJLtXXcL>yL£vo<; o5to<; va OxepTep-fjqQ t6v Ma^acov, esTpwaev dvGm, xot- 
xtXa xa6* axaaav ty)v 6B6v, y,al xaxd Ta xXdyta auTYJc; dpyupou<; %a0(Bpucre 
jko^ouc;, iy wv auveawpeucrev d^Oovox; XtSavonouc; xat xavToetBrj dpw^iaTa, 
Btdq>opa Be y,al xotxtXa xapY)/.oXou6ouv auT(J> Bwpa, flxot dylXat @owv xat 
'txxtov, y,al Xeovxec; xal xdvOirjpec; hzbq y,Xo)6((ov* (JieTa toutouc; BYi'xovto ot 
XaXBaTot x.al ot ^dyot, toxov tepewv xal cocpwv e'xexovTec;, xat ot (Aouatxoi 
^L£Ta Btacpoptov jjloujixwv dpydvwv, Bi* wv guvyjOgx; u^vsTto ux' auTwv 6 @a- 
atXeuc;, v.<xl TeXo<; xpoairjpxovTO ot BaSuXwvtot txxstc; (JisTa xoXuTeXetaq. 

Kal xpovov t*iv Ttva Bta^etvac; 6 'AXe^avBpog £v BaSuXwvt, xaG* ov B£v 
IXet^e yi£Ta twv XaXBatwv BtaXeyo^evoc; &V ep^viox; _ ^I6ata, ou% 6Xfyov 
xpoq toutok; Ivtquxo^^ s?? tt?)V euxp£X£tav TYJq xoXeox; BtaTa?a<; tou<; xa- 
to(xou<; va dvoixoBoynfjarwat Ta 6x5 toO Eip^ou xaTaaTpatpivTa t£pa ocxoBo- 
^Y]piaTa, y,al tBfaT^v vaovToO BtqXou, et<; Sv ot BaSuXwvtot xapetxovTYjvxpw- 
tiqv y.£Ta?6 TO)V0£d)vXaTp£tav, *at £tc; ovxat 6 BopuxTTjTwp tBtatTlpavxpoaYj- 
v£yxe Ouatav, TtaTa t6 xoXtTtx.6v <ju<TTY)^a auToD Ttpiwv outo) tou<; 0eou<; twv 
jjL£pwv, etc; a foq <ptXo<; yat eu£py£TY)(; d)p£y£TO va dvacpatv^Tat. 

*Q<; dvay£vvo)^£VY]v 8e 0£O) pwv 6 ' AXe^avB po<; t^v ixtcJTQyLOTTQTa tyjc; (( Bo ?tq<; 
twv @aatX£tG)v», ^TOt[Aa^£TO va xaTaaxYjaY) ty)V Ba6uXwva wc; xpo>T£uouaav 
tou ii£YdXou %a\ Xtav e'y.TeTa^lvou xpdTou<; tou, dXk* £T£poq -^ By} xoXu fox u - 
poT£po? dvTtxaXoc; xaptaTaxat dxivavTt auTou «t5 6X£0ptov Bpixavov tou 
0avaxou,)) iTot^og^BY) va 7,aTaaTp£^iQ evT(pii.ea(t)Ta)V0ptdyL6o)VTOu axavTaq 
tou<; (jL£YaX£xiQ66Xou<; cr/.oxou(; tou. 

Kptvo)V 8* Ix, xpwTYjc; d<p£TY]pta<; 6 'AXI^avBpoc; dvayxatoTaTOV va auY- 
Xwveuq) tou<; w EXXY]va<; y.£xa twv FUpawv, (be; iv 'Ap(iev(a ^£V Btwptse aa- 
TpdxY]V t6v xapaB6vTa etc; auxov tyjv dxpoxoXtv twv SdpBewv Mt6ptvY]v,y,a! iv 
A(Y"JXT(p t6v 'A^uvdxiqv xa! Mat^dxYjv, outo) y.at ev Ba6uXwvt zaTecrTTjae 
aaTpdxYjv t6v Ma^atov, ^£8* o5 auaTpdtTYjYOV dcpYJxe t6v 'ApLcptxoXtTYjv 
'AxoXX6B(opov, cb<; eiaxpay-Topa Bl twv cpopwv T6v'Aj7.XY)xt6B(i)pov, %<xl <b<; 
cppoupapxov t6v dB£X96v tou IlaptiLEvfwvoc; 'AYaSwva, jjleB' o outoc; dveXa6e 
tyjv etc;Ta Souaa (zyougav, 



106 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

'H xpoa-cpcXYjg Xct^epivY) xaOdBpa twv ^aaiXecov Tfjg Il£pa(ag Ta Souaa, 
ev6a ^£Ta e'lxoaiv ^sptov oBotxoptav ecpGaasv 6 'AX^avBpog xpo0uu.G)q ux£- 
Tayr] dq tovvIov BopuxTYjTopa, GlaaaaTouq ^£ydXoug GYjaaupouqTYjg £tq T*r)V 
Btd0£<itv auTou, cu^xoaouu*£voug £tg txavdg ^tXtdBagTaXavTa. 

'Ev Tfj xoXei Bl TauTiQ euplOrjaav dpy.£Ta Xd^ava T-qg *EXXdBog e?<; Ilep- 
atav ^£Taxou.ta0£VTa 0x6 tou Edp^ou ox; Tpoxata, yal xp6 xdvTtov ot %dX- 
xtvot dvBpcdvT£q twv TupavvoxTovwv 'Apu.oBcou yal 'AptaToy£tTovog" 
dv to) au*a B' 6 v£og BuvdaTYjg Bt£Ta£s vd cxaXwaiv £tq Tag 'A0Y]vag ot dvBpt- 
dvT£g ouTot, oxou yal £T£0Y)aav xdXtv 6x6 twv 'AOrjvatwv £xl twv dpxatwv @d- 
c7£to vtwv jjL£Td yi£Yt<7TY]g x a "P a< ; yal dyaX>ad(j£(og yaTa tov K£pa[Ji£ty.6v, dvTt- 
xpu tou Mr^Tptoou yal tou T^you^vou fxo^ou twv EuBa£[A<ov. 'Evtp 8' £Tt 6 
aTpaxog twv Max.£B6vc)v 8i£Tpt6£V iv Souaotg xapd Tag ox0ag tou Xodaxou 
xoTapioD, dcptx,£TO i% Td^q 6 xp6 Ivog £Toug £tg 'EXXdBa dxoaTaXdg 'A^xuv- 
Taq 6 'AvBpouiBoug, aywv tyavov dpt0[x6v veoauXXeyTtov, oV <I)V 6 Tax.xiy.6q 
crupaTog tou 'AXeJdvSpou cuvexosouto tjBy] elg 62,000 dvBpag. 

'EvTaCOa B' 6 'AXI^avBpog d^Yjaag tyjv jiixpt TouBe xapaxoXouOoucav 
auTov ^T£pa tou Aapetou p.£Ta tg>v 6uyaT£po)v xal utou auTou, yal Btoptaag 
Toug [LsWoviixq vd BtBdgWtv auTOtjg tyjv IXXtqvixtjv yXwaaav, £v auTtoBI 
•/.at aaTpdxTjV Tfjg Souatavijg Btoptaag tov IliptJYjv 'ASouXtTYjv, oY o5 [jlIjou 
xpoaotx£tou^£vog Toug Illpaag, £Bdxvu£V OTt {ieTex.eipi^6T0 aiiTOug <bg cpt- 
Xoug, ev TauTW Bl xal tov MlvrjTa xaTaaTYjcag uxapxov Huptag xal <I>otvtxY;g 
y.ai KtXr/Jag, xap£JX £V «utw TptaxcXta dpyupd TaXavTa, xapayyiXXwv au- 
tov v'dxojT£fXif) elg tov £V MaysBovia 'AvTtxaTpov oaa xgeid^eiai Bed tov 
xpog tolx; AaxeBat^ovfou? x6X£piov. 

©uaiag B' £xt tIXouc; %<x\ dywvaq BY]^oatou<; TEXIcag 6 'AXI^avBpoc; pi£Td 
[JL£ya7.oxp£xou<; XayixaBr^opiaq, Bia6dg tov IlaacTfypTQTa £^6dXX£t e(<;TT)v 
xapay.£t^£VY]v yrjv twv Ou^fwv. 'Ey. toutwv B' o! jjlev Td Kzhwa ^L£p^ yaTot- 
y.ouvT£<;, ox; aXXoT£ uxTjy.ouov elq Toug nipaag, d^xaxr i T£t xap£B60TQaav y,at 
vuv dq tov 'AXI^avBpov* ot B'6p£ivol yal ol ^ax^wT£pot, xdvTfl dv£^dpTY]Tot 
BtaT£>,ouvT£<;, o^t y-ovov B£v TcapeBexOirjcjav auTov, dXXd YjTOi^daOr^av v' dvTt- 
GTaSwat Y£vvato)g, Bi6 y.al x£yLt^avT£(; yYjpuyac; xpog tov 'AXi^avBpov, dxr)- 
touv xap' auTou t6 tIXo?, t^toi tov Baa^ov, bv auvrjOcog dxlxiov £t<; auToug ot 
PaatXsT? Twvn£p(T6)v, Btd twv 6p!d>v twv y.£Ta6a(vovTs? etg tyjv lUpaixoXtv. 

Kal xp6g dxdvT^aiv y.£V xapY)YY£iX£V elq auToug 6 'AX£^avBpo<; vd tov 
XEptpilvwacv dq Td CT£vd, £v0a £ax£uaav xpoSu^wg y.al ot Ou^tot, cx£uBovt£<; 
vd XdSwat Ta TETay^lva* Ixetvoi; Bl xapaXa6wv tou<; ^actXty-oug aw^aTo^u- 
Xaxag yal 6xTax.caxt)aou(; twv dXXtov axpaTtwTwv xpoiStj vuxto? yaT'auTWV, 
Bid Tpax£tag yal BuaSaTou 6Bou, yal x£pl Td xapdy^aTa tyjc; Yj^ipag dxpoa- 
cov.r^oiq dq Tag yw^xag auTwv £ta£>,daag xXdtJTOug ^£V i? auTWV dxlxT£tV£v 
£tg Tag y.Xtvag auTwv ^xtxtxTcav, ivy daezi ixot^wvTO, ot Bl T^otxot yaTlcpuyov 
£tg Ta opr„ ivGa yal yaT£y6xTjaav 6x6 tou i^eXce lv£Bp£uovTog KpaT£pou, tou 
(xE-rd [±-{ihr t q Buvdu.£wg x£^90£VTog xp6 (xtxpou, ^ioXtg B4 xstGou-Evog £tgTdq 



i 



ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 107 

uxep auTwv Beifjaetc; Tfjg ^.Yjipog tou Aapetou, auvexwpYjaev auxouc; 6 'AXe- 
?avBpoc;, apxe<j0etc; vd tw xe^toat yax' exoc; exaT&v Yxxouc;, xevTaxoata q>op- 
TYjyd £,6a yal Tptaxovxa xi\tdh<xq_ xp66aTa, xept xpYj^aTtyou Be xoaou ouBe 
Xoyog eyeveTO, BtoTt ot Ouc;iot xeptwpt^ovTO [jlovov etc; tyjv yaXXtepyetav tyjc; 
yrjc; yat etc; t6v icotii.eviy.6v (Jfov. 

'Ex.et0ev 6 'AXe^avBpoc; etaeBuaev etc; tyjv xuptox; Ilepcjtav, tyjv Ilepae- 
xoXtv, BteX0wv Ta<; IlepcjtBac; Xeyo^evac; xuXac;, Ta crcevd Be TauTa ecpuXaaae 
vuv xeptTetxtcac; 6'yevvaToc; aaxpdxYjc; 'Apto6ap^dvYjc; pieTa etxoatxevTe xtXt- 
d§o)V CTpaxou. Kat vo^tov ^xev 6 'AXe^avBpoc; oti Yj0eXev exStdaet tyjv Bto- 
Bov, ixfjXOe ^exd pieydXYjc; op^YJc;, dXV ot xoXe^tot dxo u^YjXoTeptov y,at 
extxatpwv ixtxtxTovceq Beaecov, xoXXou? ^,ev ecpoveusav, oux 6Xtyou<; Be yat 
eipau^dTtaav £xt(a>v MaxeBovwv, yuXtovTec; pieydXouc; ytyavTtatouc; Xt0ou<; 
e£ &V ouBetc; exa0e yaxov. Kat Yjvayy.da0Yj ^ev 6 'AXe^avBpoq Btd adXxtyyoc; 
vd aYjpidvY) tyjv dvdyXYjatv tou aTpaxou, dxopouvToc; o^jlox; auTOU xept tou xpa- 
xtIou, Auxtog Ttc; aiy^id'kwzoq, BtyXtoaaoc;, xapaaTac; evwxtov tou 'AXe^dv- 
Bpou, ((BaatXeu, etxe, uxdpxet yat dXXYj 6B6<; xtovwBirjc; ^.ev, dXka yaxdcpu- 
to<;, Btd tyjc; oxotac; Buvaaat dacpaXwc; vd Bta6t6dcrfjc; tov GTpaxov aou etc; tyjv 
riepatav, dcpcvwv xoXu oxtao) yat xoXu ^aypdv xouc; cpuXdaaovTac; tyjv BfoBov.)) 
TauTa [xeTa [xeydXYjc; lagdq dxouaac; 6 'AXI^avBpoc; Btexa^e tov Au- 
y.tov vd evepyYjaYj Bsovxtoq, xoXXd etc; auxov uxoaxoptevoc; Bwpa. 

Kat BtYjX0ov [xev ot MaxeB6ve<; ypYjjjivtoBY) yat Xtav BucrSaxov 6B6v, exl 
Xtovoc; (Z966VOU xaxouvxsg, gaOstac; Be xapdBpaq yal xexpwBetc; cpdpayyac; 
ev yatpw vuxxoc; Bta6a(vovxec;, dW ouBoXgx; dxexayiov TotouTov dyd^aTov 
y.a! (JLYjooXwc; dxauBtovxa ^aatXea dyoXouOouvTeq. 'ExyjXOe Be 6 'AXe^av- 
Bpoq {jievea xvewv ya-cd twv yaTotycov tyjc; IlepcjexoXecoc; yat ^eydXiQV 6peyo- 
^evoc; vd Xd6iQ eyBtxr^atv yaT' auTwv, Bto yat BteTa^e touc; arpaTttoTat; vd Xa- 
cpupaywyiQawo't tyjv xoXtv d^xiaoyq. 

*H IlepaexoXtc; y^to jxev yat xdXat, dXXd yat vuv eSewpetTO 6q pita twv 
y.uptWTeptov xoXstov ty)<; jiovapxtac;, y,al dcpou d"/.6(JLY) o"uveaTY]0Y)cjav xa Souaa 
yat Td *Ey6aTava. Etc; tyjv xoXtv Be TauxYjv ot Ilepaat (JasiXels xoXXdxtc; 
etaYjpxovTO ixtcjTjpLwc; yat ^LcTa [Lz^dX'(]q IxtBei^ewq. 'O ev tyj ria)^ata Ata0Yj- 
y.Y) (JLvr^oveuoyievoq 'AacjouYjpYjc; ('ApTa^lpc^rj<;) xoXu xpo tou MeydXou 
'AXec^dvBpou Xa^xpov, (bq xeptypdcpeTat, exa^ie au^xoatov iv Tate; xpWTeuou- 
aaiq auxou. 

Oux^ Be jjlovov iv IlspcjexoXet tyjv evBo?ov auTWV pieyaXoxplxetav exe- 
Betyvuov ot mpcrat ^aatXetq, dXkoz yal Ta aw^xaTa twv axoOvYjaxovTcov ^aat- 
Xewv Ivtoc; auTYjq eSdxTOVTO* xpo? Touxotc; Be xa! Ta cpopsyiaTa, yat cUXka tBt- 
atTepa dvTty.ef^eva Ivtoc; uxoyettov 0Yjaaupo<puXaxta)V yj Ta^xetcov eypuxTovxo, 
0? Be xpoacptXeaTepot auyyevet? auTwv wcpetXov vd xapeBpeuwat x^Yjatov twv 

TCZ903V TO)V. 

Kal e'txoptev \ih oti 6 'AXec^avBpoc; yaT'dpxdc; ixeTpe^ev e?q touc; aTpaTt- 
tI)Ta<; auTOU vaXacpupaytoyifjawat TYjvIlepaexoXtv, dyoXouGwqo^coc; xapeB60Yj 



108 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

(isTa twv cuvsTatpwv tou elq euo^yjav Tivd, xa0' tjv xat yuvata xap£xd0Y)aav 

Etc; tov xotov, sXOovtczvo: auvBtaaxsBdawai ^ETa twv spacrutov twv. MsTa^u 

8sTOUTG)VSx((7T][AOVXaTS(:y£0SCJlV, T) Bat?, Spto^EVT] TOU IlToXE[JiaiOU , TOU ^LSTOC 

xauTa ^aacXscoc; ttj<; Acy uxtou, xal 'A0Tjva(a to ysvoc;, auTY) B' ots yiiv sxcty)- 
Becgx; Ixatvouaa tov 'AXsi;avBpov,OTS Be xat xac^ouaa, £<p0assv ev tw yiscja) 
ttjc; oivoxodas vd eixyj Xoyov, a^tov Tfjq suxXsouc; xaTpiBoq ttqc;, «Ai* oaa, 
slxsv, Oxscpcpa xXavwpLsVr) e!<; ttjv 'Aacav, dxo^Tj^uou^ac ttjv Yjuipav TauTYjv, 
sVupucpwaa etc; Ta uxspiqcpava dvdxTOpa twv IIspau)v, dXXd xoaov yidXXov tj0s- 
Xov euapeaTTj0fj dv sv t (p jjl£<j(i) ttjc; suwxtac; TauTYjc; sxupxoXouv tov olxov 
tou Espc;ou, tou xataxauaavToc; ttjv xaTptBa ^ou, Ta<; 'A0Tjvac;, yj tBta to 
xup dvdxTouaa uxo Tat; o'^Etc; tou PaatXswc;, wctte vdXex0fj [isTa^u twv dv- 
0p(oxo)v OTt ^Ji£Ta tou 'AXsc;dvBpou yuvata sc;sBtxT)0Tjsav ^dXXov tou<; IXsp- 
aac; uxlp ttjc; *EXXdBoc; yj ot vau[idxot xat ot xs^opidxot aTpaTTjyot)). 

TauTa B* IxstvTjc; stxouaYjc;, xpauyat xat GopuSot yisTa^u twv auvBatTu- 
(xovwv s^sppdyTjaav, xal xdvTsc; Tjpc;avT0 vd xpOTplxwatv Etc; touto tov 'AXs- 
£avBpov xal vd (pspwatv auT&v Etc; cptXoTttitav. 'Ex twv Xoywv Be toutwv xapa- 
qzp6[Lzvoq xat 6 ^aatXsuc;, dvsxTjBTjasv d[ih(iiq, xat ex! xscpaXTjq ^sv ^spwv 
aTscpavov, dvo: xelpaq Be xpaTwv Xa^xdBa, d[xa Be xat uxo twv dXXwv xapa- 
xoXou0o6[isvoc;, yiETd xpauywv xat da^dTWV xsptxuxXwas Ta dvdxTOpa* xat 
ex Twv Xotxwv Be MaxsBovcov ETps^av waauTwe; xoXXot ^ETa Xa^xdSiov xal 
XatpovTsq, xa06cjov [jLaXtaTa TjXxt^ov 0Tt 6 {taatXsuc; xattov xat xaTaaTpscpwv 
Td dvdxTOpa, iSelxvuev otc ziq ttjv xaTpcBa ex^v ,tov vouv, Bsv EippovEt vd 
xaTOtxYjaT) ^£Ta^u twv @ap6dpd)V. 

*0[xoXoY£tTat o^xwc; otc TaxEtoq yLETavoYja a ? o 'AXI?avBpo<; licl tout<p Bev 
ISpdBuvs vd BtaTa^Y) vd aSltrwat to xup, xa06crov ^dXiciTa xat 6 (ppovtu.oq Ilap- 
[Asvftov Bev eXei^s vd xapajTrjaiQ e!<; tov 'AXs^avBpov otc xaxwc; sxpa^s xup- 
xoXY)aa<; Td dvdxTOpa, dcTiva s?<; t6 e^<; w<; 'i8ia auTou E0so)pouvTO. 'Ev nsp- 
asxoXst Be xpog toutoc<; dvaq^spsTat oti auveSiQ xat to dx6Xou0ov exstaoBcov. 

"Ots 6 'AXs^avBpOf; e?^X0ev eiq tt)v IlEpuexoXiv, xXecutoi xapouutd- 
^ovTat £vwxcov auTou, xivouvte? elq oIxtov tou<; opwvTaq. ^Haav B' o5to: 
egx; T£TpaxtayJ^ tot w EXXt)V£<;, xpo6e6tqx6te(; ttjv -fjXtxfav xat a!x^aXo)Tia0lv- 
T£? xaTd Ta<; ExtBpou-dq twv IlEpawv elq ttjv e EXXdBa xpoc; ouq Xcav axXiq- 
pwc;xatdxav0p(oxo)c;£cp£p0r;javot ^dp6apot, BtdxExupaxTw^ivou ffiBYjpouxa- 
paxTfjpa? dxt twv (istwiwv auTwv £yx a ?a?avT£?, xat aXXwv \ih dxpw- 
TTjptdaavTE? Tac; p(va<;, aXXwv Be Td WTa xat aXXwv Ta<; %eigaq. Kat outw 
B' "f)xp(OTY]ptaa^£vot Bt£TY)pY]0Y]aav elq ttjv ^wtjv, xp^^^euovtec; sec; touc; nip- 
aaq w<; xEptysXcx; xat xaiyvtov' aXXot he Blv dcp-rjxav elq touc; TaXatxw- 
pou<; toutouc; w EXXr ) va(;, , ecu-yj jxovov ttjv XP"O atv Toi ^ Xoyou. 

TotouTOV IXeeivov 6sa[jia£X£X(i>v 6'AXe?av8po? Bev tt)Buvt)0t) vd xpaTTjcjT) 
Ta Bdxpua, xat ti£Td cuyxtvrjcEox;, ((Mtj Xuxt^a0£, elxe, xapajxuOwv auTou?, 
BtoTi i^dxavTog (xeXXete vd IxavtBYjTS Ta<; yuvatxaq, Td Tlxva xat tou? 
Xo'.xouc; cuyysvETg vaq, xat to xaTpcov eBacpoc;.)) *H b%6<5%eai$ auTT] cpucrtxtp 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 109 

T(p Xoycp wcpstXs vd iyixXirjqfl %apaq y,al dyaX)ud<j£G)c; toix; TaXaixtopouq 
"EXXrjvag, dXk' outoi £i£Td axapay^ou y.apB(a<;, Ms xoTovSdppoc. avsy.oa£av, 
stq TotauTYjv eXstvYjv 7.aTaffTaatv 0a uxayw^ev vd xapaaTaS&^v wq oiyrpov 
Gsa^a elq 6X6y,XY)pov tyjv *EXXdBa, y,al xwc; ^dXcaTa va uxo^stvw^sv Tag Ta- 
Xaixwpcag yal Tag 8uax s P e ^ a ? toioutou yiaxpuvoG Ta^etBiou, ev(p eV £ ^ a T0 ~ 
cjoutov ^s6apY](jL£vot dxo ettq; 

"AXXy) Xocxov 0£paxsca B£v uxdpxei xXdov st^xr) vd uxocp£pG)(A£v Tdg ?Bcag 
{Aagau^upopdg,y,puxT6^£vot dxoTao^aTaTwv au^xaTptwTwv yiag,y.ai xeptyii- 
vovT£g vd T£X£ia)<TW^£V TY]v dOXiav ^(OYjv yiag ^£ aiiToug, ofaiveq TEpxovcat 
@X£xovT£g Tag au^opdg (lag.)) *0 'AXI^avBpog auyyaTav£U(iag eig Tag 
a?TYja£t<; twv £V Il£p(j£x6X£i acx^aXarctov, d<pfjy,£V auToug vd teXeuixjgxjc t6 
uxoXocxov TTJg ^w/jq tcov elq Ta ^spir) TauTa, Biaid^ag vd Bwcrtoatv e(g eva 
ExaaTov auTWV dva Tpecg /iXiaBaq BpaxtA&v, xsvts evBu^aatag, Buo 
^suyr) (iowv xpog yaXXtspyeiav TYjg yrjg, /.at xosoTYjTa Tiva akou, Bi* ou vd 
axdpwac ty)v yrjv. IlapTqyysiXe Be yatTov BioptaSlvTa Bcoixyjtyjv vd ixaypu- 
xvfj jJi£Td (JisydXYjg xpoaox^g ex'auTwv, y,at vd^LYj extTpexfl vd IvoxXtoacv au- 
Toug, (jlt]T£ vd dxanwat Baayiov Ttva xap'- auTwv. Mfjvdg Ttvag BisTpupev 
'AXig"avBpog £v IlepasxoXet, xapsyTogBsTfjg \xeydX-qq xoaoTYjTogYiv&g ziho- 
jjl£V dvo)T£pG) xapeXa6ev elq %elg<xq auToO exsaov yal Ta T£0Y]aaupt<j^£va etg 
Ta Brj^oaia, Tarsia ax6 twv xpovcov Kupou tou dpxaiou xP 1 Qt JLaTa ' 'Ext 
tout(j) Be Bc£Ta^£ vd IXOwaiv £% BaSuXwvog, MecroxoTa^tag x,ai Souuwv 
e'cxoac x^ ta ^ £ S Tj^tovot xal t pivxiXvxi yd[j.Y)Xoc xpog pieTayo^tcKV auTwv, 
y.al vd xapaBoOwaiv e!g xslpag tou 'ApxdXou, ov y»al y£vi*6v Ta^fav tou 
Bcwpia£v, £^axcaxtX(o>v May.£B6vo)v awpia xp6g toutok; xapaBouq elq auTov 
xpog xpocpuXa^tv twv xp^^^tiov. 

]T£piTT6v vd cY]^£tW(70)(JL£v oTt o? x£pl tov 'AXI^avBpov /.al elq zaq dX- 
Xag [X£V [i£yaXoux6X£t<; T^g llspcjcac; xX£c<jTa £(J9£T£p(a0T]aav Xd<pupa, dXX' 
^xet £crx ov xupC'y? xXouato)TaTY]v X£tav. 

Ka0' 6xotavBif]xoT£ £xo^tv f) n£pcr£xoXtc; 0£a)pouti£VY) ^to xXouatwidxY], 
%<xl ai ocyJai twv yaTofxwv i^oxwg Bi£/,p(vovTO Btd Ta ivauTalg c , u<7U£a - o)p£u- 
yiva dya0d y.at Ta xavTostB^ xXouty] auvtc7Ta^£va eig ax£UY] xoXuteX - ^ y,al 
xoiyfXoug Bed xaXxou yal dpyupou y,aXXwxta[xou<;. 

'Axo 0't'y.ou B' elq olxov jjL£Ta6afvovT£<; o? May.£B6v£<; YJpxa^ov %<x%' i%- 
Xoyrjv xdv o,Tt (bplyovTO, xp6 xdvTtov Bs xoXuxofxtXa xal xoXuTi^a ivBu- 
yiaTa, Ta yiev aXoupyrj, Ta Bl %puao7.£VTY)Ta,iy(yvovTO X£ta twv vty,Y]T0Jv, xal 
oXoyArjpov tyjv ^Ipav o! aTpaxtwTat Sev sxauaav Btqouvte*; tt)V xoXtv' y.ai 
ToaauTY) -^to T) xpog to dpxd(^£tv y.al Xacpupayo3y£tv Btd0£at<; y,al op^xYj xdvxwv 
waTS cuxvayig elq £piBa<; xp6g aXX^Xoug t^pxovto, xal xoXXol £^ auTtov, ol 
<paivo^£voi pLaXcaxa oTt JBioxoioDvto y,a! iffcp£T£p^ovTO to yisyaXstTEpov [ligoq 
TYjg X£(ag Ixixtov ocyTpd Bu^aTa T^g ccxoplaTOU xX£ov£^ta<; twv. 

Kat outg) [Ji£v BiYjpTudtyY) y.a? xaxd (xlya iilpog vcaTEaTpd^Y) Y) Il£pa£xoXt(;, 
6 B* 'AXIJjavBpos e!<; t-?jv cexpoxoXtv dvaSdg xaplXaSs Toug Ixet SYjaaupoug, 



110 UTOPIA TOY MErATOY AAEEANAPOr 

w? e'cpiqxat tjBy]. Suyypovwq B' zlq %eip<xq xou 'AXe^dvBpou execov xal xd elq 
IlaaaapydBaq axo xaXacoxepwv xpovwv uxo Kupou tou xpwxou xeOiqaaupt- 
ayieva xP^aTa ei<g exaTov e'lxoat x^^aq xaXavxa cu^xoaou^eva. 

Ataxoxxo^ev Be xp6<; yuxpov tt)v cuvexetav tyj<; £xi8po{j.YJq tou 'AXe- 
?dvBpou xpog xaTaBtw^cv tou Aapetou, xeptop^ojjievot eVi tou xapovToq eiq 
tyjv e^iaxopYjaiv ty}<; Btaywyrjs twv Tpoxaiouxwv MaxeBovwv xaTd tt?)v et- 
aoBov auxwv elq xd? [JieyaXoux6Xet<; xyj<; Ilepaiaq. 

v Oxe 6 'AXe^avBpog eV.dOYjaev exl tou (SaaiXixoG Opovou xt)<; Ileptjtaq uxo 
xov ^puaouv xal xepEXa^xpov oupavfsxov, xapaaxdq 6 xapaxoXouOwv t6v 
axpaxov Ar^dpaTO? 6 Kop(vOco<;,-dpxaTo<; <piXoq tou ^aa-cXtxou MaxeBcvi- 
xou Opovou, xal Bdxpua x a P<2<; eyxapBfwq X^vwv, k«t& to tBcw^a twv ye- 
Povtwv, (('Oxocac; [Leyakriq x<xgaq, dveSoYjaev £aT£pY)6r / cjav oi v EX>.T)ve<;, 
oaot Bucxuxwc; ixeleuxYjcav xplv 't'Bwai t6v 'AXI^avBpov exl tou Opovou tou 
Aapetou xaOY)[X£vov !» 

Kupio? B' tjByj 6 'AXe£avBpoq xaTaaTaq tou IlepaixoO @aatXe(ou xal 
twv dxefpwv auxou Or^aaupwv, dVqxev IXeuOepov pouv el? xrjv yevvatav xal 
dxapaBsty^dxcaxov eyupuxov auxou xXicrcv elq to (JicyaXoBwpeiv, cuvevwv 
pLaXcaxa ^cxdTTjq [jieya'XoBwpfac; xal tyjv 6$oxovtt)<; <ptXo<ppoauvY]<;dpeTYjv,Y]xtc; 
e"q Te xd<; Bojpcd? xal xdq euepyeaca? (xeydXYiv xap!y v £i ^apuxrjxa xal d£cav. 
Ouxw Be xal dXXoi y.ev auyypa^eTq, xpo xdvxwv B* 6 IIXouxapx o S> BtYjyouv- 
xat xd xepl xouxou. 

'ApctjTwv 6 vjye^wv twv Ilaiovwv, cpoveuaag i^Opov Ttva xpoaeq>epe t*?jv 
xe^aX-rjv auTou dq tov 'AXe^avBpov, Xeywv. ((Tocouxov Bwpov xap' Tjpuv, 
& ^as'.Xeu, Bid xP U(7 °u xoxiqpiou avxa^eiSexat.)) <(Na(, dxTjvxYjjev 6 'AaI- 
£av3pog, ^.eiBiwv, dXXa eyw xal Od xpoxfw etc; xo totxov aou, xXr)pwv aux6 
dxpdxou o'tvou.)) 'AxXouq iiq MaxeBwv axpaxtwxY]? ijXauvev yjjxiovov ^aui- 
X'.xov xp^^^ov (popxw^evr// dXV exsiByj x6 xx^voc; Bev YjBuvaxo vd xpo^wpYj- 
afl xepatxepo) evexa xou ^dpouq, ouxo? arifjxcoaaq exl xwv to^xtov x6 (popxtov, 
^execpepev auTO xveuariwv xal dytovt^v Six tov oyxov , gXexwv B' auxov 6 
'AXiqavopoq, ((My) dxoxd^Tjc, <pike 9 Tq> elxe, dXX' eqaxoXo'jOr y aov xal Tifjv 
Xo'.xtjv 6B6v, y-cxacpepwv t6 xpuafov ecq ttjv tBr/.Yjv 'aou axY]VY]v)). 

Autj^peaxecxo Be oux "^xxov xd y.eyiaxa 6 'AXe^avBpoq xaxd xwv \i^ Xa^.- 
6av6vxo)v, ax; xal twv ^yj acxouvxwv ti xap' auTou. 

4>wx((ov B' AO^valog, 6 XP'O^o? Ixovoiia^oiievo?, yJto e? 'taou <ptX6xaxpt<; 
wq xal 6 AirjyioCTOevYjq, ^eydXY] ojxgx; jiexa^u xwv Buo Btacpopd. *0 Ar^oaOe- 
vr,q zlq xov xaxdxou <£iX(xxou xal tou 'AXe§dvBpou yevvalov dywvd tou, 
c'^dvr; ToX^poxspog uxep x6 Beov, Oswpwv 'taox; xXecoxepav fl bar) xpaypiaxt- 
xwq ^xo ^ Buva^ug ir\q xaxpiBoq xou, 6 Be ^>(ox((i)V xptvwv oti ot a uuvrcaT pew- 
Tat tou dxwXeaav t6 Odppoq, bxep xpo Ttvwv ixwv xaxd xwv Ilepawv eBst^av. 
lq>dvY) xo)^Tr)p6xepo<;, xapey.wv toxov Tfj 6pyf), $j 'taw? xal xpdy^xaTt au^xept- 
Xa[x6dvwv xal ttjv MaxeBoviav (Aexd xwv dXXwv xwpwv xy^<; 'EXXdBoq xal 
von'.^wv xov ' AXe^avBpov xaxaXXr^ov xal dp(xoBtwxaxov vd exBtyifjaY) xdq xpoq 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEAN APOY 1 1 1 

ocutov xpo Itwv u6pet<; twv Tlspawv, dvacpavBov BtexiQpuxGY) cptXog tou Bopu- 

XTTQTOpOc;. 

EuyvwtAovwv Be lxt tout(j) ej<; ocutov 6 'AXiJjavBpoq, y.at e'vaa^.evt^o^e- 
voc; vd dxoy,aXfl cptXov tou t6v <3?<i)xc(ovoc, etc; to u^oq tyj<; B6c;y]<; tou wv, 
Sxsn^ev e!<; ocutov Bwpov exonrov TaXavToc. *Qg Be xdvTec; ot pieydXot xp6 ocu- 
tou d'vBpsc;, 6 'ApccruecBiqc;, 6 'Exa[Jiecv(i>vBac;, 6 Swy-paTYjc;, sf? ev xuptox; 
dxo6XexovTe<;, ttjv euxXetav ttjc; xocTptBo<;TG)v,xac ouxc 4 ttjv uXtjv y.<x\ tcj czto- 
txixd cu|xcpepovTa xpOTtu-wvTec;, eBetc;av dxapocBetyyidTtaTOV <pcXoxaTptav, 
outo) y.<x\ b £v exouaca xevtoc BcocTeXwv <J>G)y.t<i)V 6 TeaaapaxovTaxtc; BtoptaSslg 
xu6epvr]TTf]<; ttjc; xocTptBoc; tou, dc;texatvov Beixvutov xaTacpp6vY]crtv efc; to: xpV 
yiaTa, Bev TfjGeXTjae vd BexGfj t6 xe^xo^evov tJieyaXoxpexec; Bwpov. 

((AtaTfc* els ^e ^ovov dx' oXouc; touc; 'AGTjvatoug GTeXXet to: XP*)^ ^ 05 
tocutoc;» •TjpwTTjae touc; cpepovTOcc; ocuTa.)) — ((AtoTt ceyiovov Gewpet oTt elaat 6 
xaXXfTeposxal XP^^^ 8 ? ^ dx&oXouc; tou? 'AGTjvatouc;)). — (("A? tii dcpTjcjTj 
Xocxov xal vd el^at xai vd cpatvo^at toiouto?,)) dxTjvTTjaev 6 cptXoxacTptc; dvfjp. 
*0 yivwaxuv vd ixTi^a. ttjv dpeTTjv 'AXec;avBpo<; Bev ISpdBuve vd xe^Tj 
tBtoy pacpov @e6afa>s ixtcrcoXi^v etc; tov ^wxfwva, Xeywv etc; ocutov. <( n Av dxo- 
SdXXirjc; outg) Td<; xaptTac; txou, Bev GeXa) ae Gewpet cptXov \lou xXeov. Etc; 
e^e jJioXtc; 6 xpuaoc; tou Aapetou tJie IcpGaae vd dvxocpiet^o) touc; cptXouc; txou)). 
Touto 6d e'txfl vd elvat tiq yiyac; ^aatXeuc; ! 

AteTac;e tov toc^cgcv tou 6 *AXec;ocvBpoc; vd BwaTj etc; tov xocpaxoXouGouv- 
Ta etc; ttjv ixcTpaTetav ocutou 'Avd^apxov tov cptXoaocpov oaoc i]GeXe ^TjTTjaet 
xap' ocutou. — «*ExaTov TaXavTOC ^tjteT)), dxTjvTTjaev 6 tocuJocc;. — ((KocXd 
xdtxvec, dxexpcGTj 6 'AXsc;ocvBpo<;, BtOTt yvwpt^Et otc exec cptXov, oaTtc; x.al 
Buvoctocc xal 6eXec vd tw BcoprjaY) Toaa)). — Tojoutov Be txeydXa xal Tepd- 
GTta ^aav Td xXoutt], ocTtvcz outo) Ba^tXw<; xpoaetpepev 6 'AXe£avBpo<; e'c<; Te 
touc; <pcXou<; xal touc; xepl ocutov, waTe xczt ocut^j ^) ^t'OP tou *0>vupLxtdc; ^v 
(BtatTepqc e'xtcjToXfj Bev xocuet v<5: vouGeTfj tov utov ir,q vd ^ elvat tocjoutov 
iXeuGeptoq. (C AXkuq, T(p eXeyev, euepyeTec touc; cftXouqaou xal IvBo^oug 
ocutouc; xaGtaTa* Twpoc o^ax; cu Touc;7,d^vetc; taoSaatXetc;, y,a? etc; ocutouc; 
tiev outo) xapocaxeud^ecc; xoXXouc; (pcXou<;, tov eauTdv aou B* d(pif)vetc; d- 
xotxeyLovtapLevov.)) 

Kal Bev exaue tJiev 6 cptXoyLYjTWp Bopu/.TY]TWp vd xepixiQ oux "rjTTOV xXou- 
ata y.(x\ txeyaXoxpexf) Bwpa %<xl etc; ttjv [JLYjTepa tou, dXka %od Bev e'xeTpexev 
ocutov vd dvapttyvuYjTac /.at vd xoXuxpay^ovn ecc; Td xoXcTcxd, tXYjBe vd i^ig- 
XY]Tac t&v dvY]7,6vT(ov etc; tt)v y uvocl7.a 6 pt(ov,xpoaexwv opuoc; xal outoc; vd to/?) xa _ 
pexTpexYjTat tou xpoc; auTY^v ^cpecXopilvou ae6aa[xou* xaJ 06 tacxpdv xept- 
xotet Tt(x9)v ef<; t6v *AXec;avBpov t6 dvacpepo^evov xep? ocutou otc £v& dveyc- 
vwaxev ixtaToX^v ttj? txif]Tp6(; tou, &q auvetGt^e, txeTd tou 'HcpatcjTtwvoc;, 
ly,6aXo)v t6 Boc7,TuXtBt6v tou ixeGr^xe tt)v ccppaylBa etc; t6 CTopia gcijtou* 
outo) Bi <pep6[xsvoc; 6 'AXe^avBpoc;, -rj^oXouGet ttjv 'i[L<puxov ocutw txeyaXo^u- 
X^av, xexotG(l>c; ^Tt lcpe(Xxuev elq Iczutov BtapxYj euyvwpLoauvTjv Y.od ttjv e*y- 



112 IST'OPIA TOY MErAAOY AAE3ANAP0Y 



J 



xdpBtov ocutwv xtaTtv, auxvdxtc; ou.w<; xtxpous dvTl toutou dx£Xdu.6av£ 
xapxouc;, xat dXXot y-ev ix twv MqcxeBovwv xop£a0svT£<; £*x twv dxov£U.Yj- 
0evtwv auToI<; 0Yjaaupwv, xat u^yjBev xXsov dpsyou.Evot, dcpou dxYjXauaav vjByj 
toc dGXa ttjc; vtxYj<; twv xat £<;Ex>of)pwaav tyjv sxt0uuJav twv tjGsXov vd ctxo- 
Xauawat xXeov Ta XTYj0EVTa dya0d Iv stpYjvYj xat Yjauxta, e'its iv xfj dXXo- 
BaxYj, eTts iv tyj xaTptBt aiiTwv, u,yj xa0uxo6aXX6^£vot xXlov stq vla<; TaXat-- 
xwptaq, £T£pot Be tououtov dxopsaTot Yjaav, wgts oaov xoTAd icapeixsv st<; 
auTouq 6 $aatX£u<;, tocoutov xXstoTEpa £xe0uu,ouv vd Xd6wat. 

Kat xatBt60EV ytiv, w? £'tBou,£v, o £$ 'Axapvavtat; xa0YjyY)TY)c; TOu'AX£?dv- 
Bpou AswvcBac; eIxs axXYjpaywyYjaEt to awu,a auTou Btd xavTOtwv daxYjaEwv, 
w<tte dvsxa0£V tyjv u.aX0axoTY)Ta xat tyjv Tpucp^v iv ysvEt icpatvsTO dxoBoxt- 
[id^wv, xa£ vuv y-dXtaTa Yjax a ^ £ * a ' YjBYju.6vst gXsxwv toik; auvoBotxopouc; 
tou, ^sydXouc; ts xat (itxpou?, xapaBsBoptivouc; e?<; TpucpYjv, dq cxaTaVrjv 
xat st<; dxoXaatav. 

Kat iv Ba6uX(5vt y-EV ot cTpaTtwTat d^lipox; xapsB60Yjaav zlq xavTofwv 
s!Bwv BtaaxsBdastc; xal iBtwq Et<; tyjv jjl£0yjv xat t^jv xpatxdTajv, witts Bed 
xavTcx; Tpoxou 6 'AXs^avBpoq Yjvayxd^sto vd dvTtTaaaYjTat xaTa tyj? e*x 
toutou xpoxuxTouaYjs sxata0Y)T7Jc; @Xd6Yj<;, ^yjtwv vd dva^wxupYjffYj tyjv xoXe- 
(AtxYjv auTwv dp£TYjv. KaTd tyjv iv IIspaExoXst Bs T£Tpd^Yjvov xaTa x^^wva 
BtaTpt&Yjv twv MaxsBovwv, at xpo<; tyjv Tpocfrjv, tyjv YjBuxa0stav xat tyjv xo- 
XuTsXstav xTaastq aiiTwv xaTEJTYjaav i%\ u.aXXov xat (AdXXov acpoBpoTSpat. 
OuTwq, Ixt xapaBsty^aTt, "Ayvwvo TYjYog e^spsxpuaou^ Yj^ou^e^Tdg xpYj- 
xtBaq auTou, 6 Be AsovaTOt; Btd xoXXwv xapLYjXwv ^STexo^sv xovtv £% At- 
Yuxtou xp6g ^pYjatv twv dYwvtaTYjpfwv, xX£laT0t Be ccvtI IXafou pL£T£X£tpt- 
^ovto xoXuTt^xov jiupov, xat o6x 6Xcyot Ixc'tyjBe*; eI^ov dv0pa>xouc; xp6g Tp(- 
^iv twv ^jleXwv twv y.a! vd dxox,oc^watv ocutou<;* pi£Td xpoc6tyjto<; "Bk %<xl <pi- 
Xoaocptxwq ^xexX^ttev auTou*; 6 'AXs^avBpos Xlywv oti E0au[xa^EV oTt ^vw 
TQYwvfa0Yj(jav tocjoutov izoWobq y.<x\ [Lzya'koucz dywvag, Bh EV0upLouvTat oti 
o! xaTaxovYjaavTEc; tou^ oi'k'kouq xoipiwvTac yXuxuTEpov dx6 tou<; xaTaxovYj- 
0evTa<;, ouBe ^Xsxouat, xapa6d>.^ovT£<; t6v ?Bit.6v twv ^(ov xpoc tov @(ov twv 
IlEpcrwv, oti BouXtxwTaTov (jlev Elvoct vd xapaBtBr ; Ta( Tt? stq tyjv Tpu9*rjv, ^a- 
atXty.wTaTOV Bs vd xoxtd^Yj. Kat xw<; BuvaTat ti?, IXsyE cruxvdxt*;, vd xspt- 
xot-^Tat tov Yxxov tou, y) vd i^aaxYJTat stg Td xoXs[xtxd spya, sva) Bsv auvst- 
0taav at X£tp£<; tou vd iyyt^wat t6 't'Btov tou awu-a. 

E"oo[X£V oTt xpw'f'txwc; 6 xa0YjyYjTYj<; tou E'cptT.OTtpiYjOYj vd dvaOpl^T) IX^rjvo- 
xp£xw<; TG)6vTt t6v 'A^s^avBpov, tyjv xoXuteXeocv xal tyjv piaXOaxoTYjTa wc; 
xdvTY) IxtSXaS-fj xat 6>v£0pta 0£wpwv dq tyjv uy£tav xat tyjv su^wt'av, Bt6 xat 
xatBt60EV 6 'AXs^avBpo*; jivYjyioveisTat OTt xaTsaTYj iyxpaTEaTaTOi; zlq tyjv 
yacjTEpa, w<jte ivw dy.6u.Yj y^to dq tyjv 'AXtxapva<j<r6v, YJ Bk ^aacXtaaa tyj<; 
Kapfa<; "ABa euyvGJu.oc:uvYj<; evexoc ifptloTtu.slTO xlpixouaa Etc; auT&v o^a 
xal xXaxouvTtoc, xal tolx; dptaToug [xaysfpou*; xat dpToxotou?, 6 'AXI^av- 
Bpoq X6y«p lyxpaTEtaq Bev Td Ioexeto, Xiyo)v OTt e'xeIvoc; eI^e xoXuxaXXt- 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY ANEEANAPOY 113 

T^pouq [xayeipouq xal ddjoxocouc;, Touq 6xo(ou<; tw sxpo^jufjGsuasv 6 xatBa- 
y(oy6<; tou Bed [jlsv to xpoysu^a' tov vuxTspcvov xsptxaTOV, Bed Bs to Bsi- 
xvov t6 dXiyov xpoysu^a' xal scq tov olvov Bs cpatvsTat cm xaT' dpxdg ouBs- 
[xfav ^ *al xoXXd 6X(yY)V slxs x)aacv. 

EuY)p£!TT£lTO o^iw? vd Bia^ivfl sxl yiaxp6v xpovov st<; tt]v Tpdxs^av, ouxl 
Tpwytov 9} xivtov, oaov xaXcov, xal scp' sxdaTOU [idXiaTa xoTiqpcou iTspxsTO 
s'xqxovwv oyuXtav Ttvd ots ^dXtCTa eupccrxe T-rjv suxatpcav soul toutw xaTaX- 
XtqXov. 

'Ev ysvst B' els xda-aq Taq xpd^scq tou, outs 6x6 o'tvou, outs 6x6 uxvou, 
outs 6x6 oxoiaaBrjxoTs BcacrxsBdastoc;, outs 6x6 yd^ou outs 6x6 Gsag Ttvog, 
outs 6x6 aXkou dvTixsi^svou ixuptsusTO, &<; oiXkoi CTpaT-qyol stg touto ^ e!q 
ixslvo uxsxsivto t6 sXaTTto^a, 6 B' 'AXs?avBpo<; sx vsapa? YjXtxfag lystpo- 
[asvos s*x ty)<; xXivy)<;, xpwTov \ih sGuata^sv stq Toug Gsouq, dxoXouGax; Be 
xposysu^aTi^s, xal slTa sBcBsto axouBataq elq tyjv avdyvwcnv, ri elq iaq (tuvtj- 
6eic; aikou ivaaxo^rjastq. 

KaraXucov B' sic; toxov Ttvd xpoq dvdxauaiv, iXousTO xal TjXsccpsTO xpw- 
tov, xal sItoc B' s^Ta^s tou<; yiaysipou*;, dv xaXax; BisGsaav Ta xepl t6 BeT- 
xvov, xal (isydXwc; scppovTi^sv &%l *ri)<S Tpaxs^iqc; ^yj ti Bca^spcaGfl dvtaox; xal 
d^LsXwq piSTa^u twv auvBatTupLovwv, ^jlsto: Bs to BsTxvov sXousto xal ixotpiaTO 
KoWdxic, \±ixQi jJL£(7Y]^6p(aq, sviots Bs xal 6X6x)a]pov ty)v rj^ipav Bcsyisvev 

£*V Tfl xXcVY). 

A(av B' oOtoc; syxpaTY]<; wv xal elq Ta opsxTtxwTaTa cpayqTa, Ta axavta)- 
TaTa ix Ttovxoyu^o^ivcov auTto oxwpixwv xal tx^ wv dxscrrsXXs xal Bcevsc- 

pLSV St? TOU? (pfXoug TOU, ^JLTjBsV IZoXkaXlC, XpaTWV Bt* SaUTOV. IlaVTOTS B' 

Tj Tpdxs^aauToD ^to ^syaXoxpsTiigg, xal i] Baxdvr] auTYj^ auvau^dvsTO [asto: 
twv sutux^wv tou, ^jlsxP^ °^ ^ TsXouq dv^XGsv e(<; Bsxa x^'dBag Bpax- 
[L&q xa0' sxdaTTQV Tj^spav. Kal ToaauTa wipsiXs vd Baxav^ ocjtk; ^xeOuyist vd 
saTida-fl tov 'AXs^avBpov. 

Kal xaT* dpxdq yiv 6 'AXs^avBpoq wg xa^6<; aTpaTTqy6q dxsBoxc^a^s 
xal xaTsBixa^s tov Tpu^Xov xal yiaXGaxov ^fov dq tov CTpaTov tou, xaGo- 
aov o\LO)q xpoaTjyy^sv st<; tov pLsya^sx^oXov gxotcov tou, auvdxTtov xal 
auyxtovsuwv tou<; Ilspaac; {JLSTa twv MaxsBovwv, r\g%ice%(xl ou^oq vd x^o- 
v/JTat xal vd aaXsufl yisTa^u Tfjq iyxpaTsfa? xpoq ijv 6<; ^aGirjT^i; tou 
'ApcaTOTsXous wcpstXs vol: xpoaotxstwGfj, xalTYJq YjBuxaGouc; xa? TputpT]X^<; 
^wfjc;, tjv xapd twv Ilspawv Itspxsto dxo^iu-ou^svo<;. 




KE3>AAAION ZT 1 . 



O Aapeio^ KaTaSiwKCTai vtzo <co£/ 'AXc^dv&eov — 0dvaToq <cov Aapeiov. 

ATA tov [A£yaX£XT)6o- 
Xov axoxov ec<; ov axa- 
<:at a! £xixscpTja£iq tou 
'AX^dvBpou dx£6X£- 
xov, vd auvd^jfj y,al cuv- 
oixetd><jfl to j? nipaaq 

^£T(Z TWV *EX)a)VtoV, Bi- 

opfaa? xai £v Il£p<7£x6- 
\zi IxapxovTov 4>pa<ra- 

QpTY]V, UlOV TOU ITlpcTOU 
PeO[l(0pOU, T(Z B* 'tXVY] 

tou Aapsfou xapaxo- 
XouSwv, BtY)u06v0-r]xpo<; dva^fjTiqctv gcutou 
x£pl Tdqcepxd<;TOU 330 x. X. KaTe^uyE 
»' 6 SuczuyjiQ ^ovdpXT]<; ek t« 'Ey.6aTa- 
va, tyjv xpcoT£uoucjav tyj? MifjBfaq. Kod 
■^to [kh iv.ei dv£?dpTY]T0<;, ob%\ ojjlgx; xat 
daqjaX-qg. 

Aiaxiqp&v B' etasTt to ovoyia tou $a- 
aiXitoc;, auvTrjyaye xal xdXiv xt<7To6c;Tiva<; 
x£p£ iauTov, xal l^e^sTa vd auvaydpfl xal 
auOtg GTpaTov Be' dXTogv ^dxr,v. Kal d<p' 
lvo<; \xh yjto t^By) laTpaTox£B£upiivo<; 6Xf- 
yov yiaypdv twv Xeyo^ivtov Kaaxcwv IIu- 

XtoV, dcp' £T£pOU Be X£pi<TTOlXOU^£VO<; uxo 

twv BaxTpcavcov lxxlo)v, tou Btqjctou, y.Qc\ 

tou $d)X£0)<; ITdTptovo^ dpx^yoO twv y.i- 

a0o^6pwv *EXXtjvcov, auyx-aXeaas tou<; 

wept iauTov e*xiffT)^OTlpous twv dljuo^aTtxcov tou, xpo£T£tv£V ccutoT<; vd jjl9j 

dvaSdXoxn ttjv p.£Td Ttiv MccxeBovwv au^xXoy^v, dXXdvd Box^dawatv Iti 

axa£ tt)v Tir/jjv tgjv oxXwv. 

Kal xdvT£<; yiv 0? d'XXot (xet* dxs),xta(ac; £$>pi?av dy,ouaavT£<; t^v xp6- 
Taaiv vlaq (xdxTj?, p.6vo<; B' 6 xiaTog %<x\ dvBp£Toc; Y^pwv 'ApTdSa^og veavix^v 
B£'.y.vjo)v Yevvat6TTjTa ffuv^veaev ef<; ty> Yv<&{nqv tou Aapdou, Xlywv otc 




ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 115 

axavTsq Yjaav xp60u^ot vd SuataaSwcrtv ux£p tou (tasaiXlttx; tov, dXV 6 %ikt- 

apxoq NaSapa^ivY]?, el? tidv xaTd tou Aapsfou auvfc>y.oTci)v,lYsp0el<; Bidcpo- 
pov xposT£ivs xal xdvTfl ^vavxtov xpoTaatv, Xiywv oti, dxeiB^ •?) TuxT)9a(v£- 
Tat oXox; ^vavda elq tov AapEiov, cd<p£iXev outoc; 8i' aXXou Tpoxou v<H5iXs- 
axjfl auTY)v, xapaxwpwv tyjv gaatXEiav ecxovtxtoc; elq dXXov, 6vo^aaTtdva<ps- 
pwv tov Brjacrov, guyy £VT J tou Aapsiou xal aaTpdxTqv TYjg BaxTptaq, exl aupL- 
tpwvfa vd dvaXd6fl aurqv d<pou Btop0G)0ioai t« xpay^axa. 

Kal 6 [Lev Aapstoq dxpoaBoxif)Tto<; dxouaag TauTa, e^sarcaasTO iyxetgihoy 
ex ttj<; ^(ovy]<;, <jx£uB(ov vd Tt[AG)pT)q[) tov au0dBY) aaTpdxfjv £%i ty) dxiaTia 
auTou, dXX' iv~.el.voc, Bed Taxeiac; 9uyf)<; xpoXaSwv dxrjXOsv ix Tijq xapoua.fa? 
auToO. Kal auvsXa6s [Lev tyjv !Biav 6 ITaTpcov vd awa|) tov AapsTov dXX' ou- 
to<; ouBoXox; iaT£pYS va sexists u0fl oXoteXox; elq toik; v EXXiQVa<;, xaTd to 
auaTYj^a twv $ap6dptov, xpoTtjxiqaac; yiaXXov vd iYxaTaXd^fl t<& Tepxvd dvd- 
XTOpa tou gaciiXixoO yevouc; e?<; dXXov BeaxoTY]v. 

*0 Be 'AXe^avBpoc; axoXuaraq, xpwTov toik; ©saaaXouq IxxeT; xal Touq 
aXXou<; cu^axouq Bou<; auiolq xXrjpY) tov ijua06v twv xal x^Xta xpo; tou- 
toi? TaXavTa Btopsdv, xapaXa6cbv Be t6 ixxixov tg>v eTaipwv xal tyjv Maxe- 
Bovcx'fjv cpdXayya e(<njX0ev et<; Pdyaq, xoXiv dpxaiav xapd Tyj cY](i£pivfj Te- 
XspdviQ xsctisviqv, pL£Td ToaauTY)$ dxiaxsuBtov TaxuTY]TO<; xal 6p[xfj<;, costs xal 
o! d'vOpioxot xal ot ¥xxot xavTdxaacv dxauBouvTS? Ixixtov xaTd yr\q vexpot' 
x£vts B* e*xe(: BiaTpf^aq Yj^epac;, Bis6y) Td 'EX6oup^ta opY), £v0a xal xpoa£X- 
0(bv elq auzbv 6 xapd Ttp Aapdto BtaT£^wv BaTta0£VY]<;, uibq tou "Qxou, tco 
dvY)YY£tX£V oTt 6 Aap£to<; cuXkriyQelq 6x6 twv x£pl auT&v aaTpaxcov ixpa- 
t£ito ^v afx^aXtoafa 6x* auTwv. 

Btjaao?, 6 foxugbq aaTpdxYjc; tt^c; BaxTptag, XWP ^? TaUTt^opi£Vr)<; jx£Td 
ty)<; GY][X£ptv^c; Bouxdpaq, 6 iiziari^oq iiXitxpxoq tou AapEiou NaSapa^dvY]?, 
xal d'XXot Tivl<; ix, twv ext(pav£aT£ptov aaTpaxwv 6x7]p^av oi xup'.a)T£pot xal 
£V£pYY]TlXCOT£pOl {jlox^o! tt)<; xpoBoTixTJq £^£Y£pa£W<; xaTd tou d0Xfou ^o- 
vdpxou. Sxoxoc; Be twv dxoaTaTWV yjto vd i^aatpaXfawat ty)v Ihiav twv dv£- 
^apTYjafav, e'ks <pov£uovT£<; tov TaXafxtopov Aap£lov, e'^T£ xapaB(BovT£<; au- 
t6v dq tov BtwxTYjv tou, oxtoq a? x£pcaTda£tc; xal t6 dT0^.ix6v auTWV au^s- 
povY)0£Xov xa0oBTQYY)a£t vd xpd^wat. 

TauTa t^aOcov 6 'AXI^avBpoq %a\ OIXcov vd xpo^OdaTQ xal vd XuTptoaTj ix 
twv %eigdv twv dxfaTtov xpoBoTwv tov ex ^aatXstov xaTaYo^£VOV,^X0£V efq 
t6 [Legoq ev0a ixXf]pO(popY]0Y) OTt £upfax£TO 6 dxoxyq QaaiXebq, xal Btx^a- 
aidaaq Tag Buvdji£t<; tou ixt Ttvaq ^Ipa?, i%\ T£Xouq d<pix£TO jJLETa tou 
zdy\i(ZT6q tou. 

*H dxpoaBoxYjTOi; xal af^viBfa xapoua(a ToO'AXE^dvBpou 'ipgityev elq 
dpiTQxavtav tou<; auvwjJLOTaq, ifjvdYxaaav B' outoc t6v aix^d'kwzov auTtov ^a- 
atXIa vd dcpTjaf) to cpop£lov, £v0a eIxov aiiT^v iy%ey.XeKj[Levov t xa! dva6dq icp' 
Vxxou vd auvaxl>,0Y) ^jlst' auTWV, xal cpuatxcp jjlev Ttp XoYtp 6 Aap£lo<; dxlp- 
pt^£ tt?]v xpOTaaiv twv auvw^JLOTCov, xpOTtyitov vd xapaBo0fj elq %elg<xq i%%gou f 



116 ISTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAESANAPOT 

xepl o5 xoXXa xal yevvaTa Tjxouae xal epyotq dxexetpd0Tj, tj va cruvaxeX0Tfj 
{isTa twv IxtSouXwv cptXwv tou, dXk' o 'AXei;avBpoc; tpOaaac; etc; to cpopetov, 
eupev evTOc; auTou axvouv cwpia. Ot auvwpiOTat ixtxeaovTec; xaTa tou gStu- 
Xou<; (iaatXewc;, xal xatptwc; auT&v Tpau^aTtaavTec;, eTpdxTjaav etc; abxp&v 
cpuyfjv. 

'AvacpepeTac B' otc axXouc; Ttc; aTpaTtwTTjc; MaxeBwv, IIoXucjTpaToc; 
xaXoujievoc;, e6pe0Tj xaTa Tuyrjv xToqatov tou cpopetou, xapa toutou 8* 6 Aa- 
peloc; e^TjTTjasv uBcop xpoc; iva^ux^v, xt(bv Be xal xaTaxpauvac; 6)uyov ttjv 
GavaTTjcpopov Btt^av tou,« t Q dv0pwxe, elxev etc; tov GTpaTtuVuTjv, auTTj elvat 
xaawv twv Buctux^wv ^jlou tj pieytaTTj, oti euepyeTT)0elc; Bev Buvajxai va dVut- 

xXt) pWCJG). 

flOd ciol dxoBwqrj ojawc; ttjv %&qw ttjv oxotav ^ol exa^ec; auTog 6 'AXec;av- 
Bpoc;. Nat, vat, ot 0eol 6a avTa^et^oxjt tov 'AXe^avBpov xal Bta touto, ax; 
xal Bta ttjv ixtetxetav ttjv oxotav eBetc;ev eiq ttjv ^YjTepa, ttjv yuvatxa xal Ta 
Texva jjlou. Tw BtBw Bta aou ttjv X £ ^P^ hou.» Kat \a6wv ttjv Be^tav tou 
IIoXujTpaTou e^exveuaev 6 TaXatxwpoq. 

Ba0uTaTT]V Xuxtjv eBet^ev 6 'AXe^avBpoq exl tw o'txTpw 0avaT(p tou 
Aapetou, xal ttjv JBtav auTou yXa^uBa £x6aXwv, exaXu^e Bt' auTTjc; to ve- 
xpov exetvou awpia, xal exe^ev auTO ^aatXtxwc; xexoa^nrj^evov etc; ttjv ev 2ou- 
aotc;, dx; e'tpr,Tat, BtaTpt&ouaav pLTjTepa auTou, BtaTac;ac; va 0d6wcjtv auT&v 
^leyaXoxpexwc; lv tw gaatXtxw vxpoTacpetw, ev0a xat ot xpo auTou ^aatXeu- 
aavTec; e^rdcpTjcjav. 

'ETeXeuTTjae B'6 AapeToc; xevTTjxovTOUTTjc, Tjye^oveuaac; §? Ittj {xovov* xat 
TOtouTOV TeXog esyev 6 aTux^? (tactXeuc;, xepl o5 6 taTOptxoc; 'Apptavoc; axo- 
cpatveTat OTt xaTa ^ev Ta xoXe^txa t^to [xaXSaxoc;, xal oux^ BpacTTjptoc;, dXka 
xaTa Ta aXXa 6 xapaxTTjp auTou t^to dvextXr^xTOc;, e'tTe BtoTt t^to cpuaet Bf- 
xatoc;, e'tTe Bioti Bev eXa^ov xeptaTajetc; va Betc^Tj to evavTtov, ouB' t^to B' dy' 
eTepou xal etc; ttjv ic^ouatav auTou va xteaTj touc; uxtjxoouc; tou, xaOoaov ^j.a- 
XtaTa "?jto xtvBuvoc; auTou yiaYa7.T]Tepoc; tou tBtxou twv. 

(CA\xa w<; 6 'AXe^avBpoc; exTjXGev evavTtov tou Aapetou, aBtaxoxwc; xal 
a? au^Jicpopat auvexT)X6ov xaT' auTou. Kat xpwTov [lev ivtxTj0T}cjav ot aaTpd- 
xat tou, xaTaTTjvxapaTq) Tpavtxw xoTa^w txxtXTjv au^xXoxT]v, etTa B' dxto- 
Xeae ttjv 'Iwvtav, AtoXtav, ^>puytav, AuBtav,Kaptav xat to oXov ^eypt KtXc- 
x(a<; 'ccxoXouSgx; B* ^vixtjStq etc; ttjv 'Iaaov, IvGa elBev aty^aXcoTtcjOelaav ttjv 
piTjTepa (JieTa ttjc; au^uyou xa! twv tIxvcov tou, xal ixl tIXouc; dxwXecre ^.e- 
yav GTpaT6v, <juyxet[A£vov i% ^apSdpwv xavTOc; yevouc;, xat IxelOevBexepte- 
xlavTjBT) dx6 toxou etc; toxov iv tw xpaTet tou, piexptc; oO dOXtwc; ixpoB60Tj 
ux6 twv dvdvBpwv dxoXouOwv tou, xat 6 ^aatXeuc; twv ^aatXewv, (be; 6xeypd- 
tpeTo, lxt<popTia0etc; Bt' aXuaswv, otxTpwc; iOavaTG)0Tj. 

Kal TotauTTj \kh t^to tj au^opa tou Aapetou ^wvtoc;, xaTa Be t6v SdvaTov 
aOTOu ^aatXtxdc; eXa6e Tt|xa<; xal ^aat)ax9jv XTjBetav, xal ot xatBec; auToy 



UTOPIA TOT METAAOY AAEEANAPOY 117 

ctvetpd^Yjaav xal e^exatBeuOYjaav jtaaiXcxw? 6x6 tou 'AXe^dvBpou, osti? Ixl 
TeXou? xal ya^i6po? (xutou eyeveTO. 

MeTa tov 6avaTov tou Aapeiou 6 'AXe^avBpo? auvevw0el? ^eTd tou 8Xou 
GTpaTou tou dxeXuce tou? "EXXYjva? ^t<70o<p6pou?, wv 6 xpovo? tyj? uxYjpecrt- 
a? iTeXeiwaev yjByj. Ka£ Tive? Be twv MaxeBovwv exe0u^iouv ^xev vd dxe^0w- 
ctv ec? t& '(Bta, qjeuyovTe? t6v ctyopYjTov xauawva tou 0spou?, xori Td? TaXac- 
xwpca? Teal tou? (xoxOoug tou xoXejJiou, dW 6 'Ale^avBpo? Bi' ifjxcwv dxc- 
x)of)?"ewv xal Bta xpoa<popd? xat uxoaxiasax; Bca<p6pwv d^ioc6wv dva^wxupwv 
t9jv xpoGu^fav ocutwv, outw? Ixavrjyayev aikou? et? tyjv xpoTspav twv xet- 
0apxtav waTe xai [xsto: xixpwv Baxpuwv i^TYjaav auyxwpY)<nv ^ap* auTou- 

Sy)^£[wt£ov B' oti cruxvaxt? of GTpaTtWTca evexa twv dcpopYjTwv TaTvaixw- 
pcwv uxextxTOV ef? tocoutou eYBou? Buaapeaxefa?. Iloaov B' e'vOouaiw- 
Bec? Yjaav o! Xoyoc, Bt' wv 6 'AXe^avBpo? iyiyvwaxe V( * ^xavacpepY) ocutou? 
et? Td£iv! 

((Ot @dp6apot axpt ToGBe, elxe xots si? <xutou?, w? e\ 6vs£ p q> ad? e6Xe- 
xov, dXV dv dxtaTpl^Y]T£ xdXtv vd dvaTapd^iQTe tyjv 'Aacav, 0d extxeawai xa0' 
u^xwv w? xaTa crwpou yuvaixwv. 

(CExaaTO? etvat IXeuGepo? dv Ixt0u[xfj vd ^eTa6f) et? tyjv xaTpiBa auTou, 
dXV eyw ixi^apTupo^Lat tou? 0eou?, otc xpoaxaBwv xai dywvt^o^evo? vd 
xaTaxTTjjw tov 7.6(7[jlov xdptv twv May.eB6vwv, eyxaTeXef^Yjv 69' 6[iwv ^JieTd 
twv cpfXwv ^ou x.a( tivwv £0eXovTwv.» ((IIotI, xotI, dvexpa^av dxavTe? 0! 
aTpocTtwToa o^ocpwvw?, oStjyyjO-ov "q^d? oxouByjxots tou y.6g\lou £xc0u^eT?». 

Aid tou 0avdTou tou f>aaiXew? Aapeiou xal tyj? cpuyfj? twv Ilepawv aa- 
Tpaxwv [Le^dXt] "keicc xepiY)X0e xal au0t? st? Ta? x £ 'P a ? T0 ^ viy,Y)Tou, tjv oi 
xpoBoTai xat cpovst? aaTpdxoa gta^o^svoi vd (puywatv Btd Taxux6Bwv Vxxwv, 
B^v irjBuvavTO f>£6afw? vd auvaxo^epwat ^lsG' eauTwv. Ba0^Y]B6v Be xal 6 
aTpaT6?Tou 'AXs^dvBpou ^"XaTTwOiq el? ety.ouax.tcrx^'ou? xetou? %ai Tpt- 
axtXtou? IxxeT?. 'Ax6 tyj? £xox"0? Be TauTY]? e"xc Teaaapa Ittq xaTa auvexet- 
av 6 'AXe^avBpo? xeptYjpxeTO w? el? twv xepix^avwpievwv cxxotwv tou 
(xeaatwvo? dv Eupwxfl yidXXov, ^ w? aTpaTY]yo? exwv xaTd vouv vd ixTeXeai) 
^eydXa xai yevvaca epya. 

AiY)X0e B' 6 'AXe^avBpo? x w P a ? xaTocxou^evoc? uxo ToXpnrjpwv xal dyp{- 
wv <puXwv, Bid Bua6dTwv 6Bwv, aiTcve? i% <puaew? ^crav Tpaxelat y.al axoxpiq- 
{Jivoi, xal a? axavtw? Bie6Y]<rav oBotxopot, exo^evw? Be /.at 6X(yov ^aav yvw- 
GzaL *H 'Apia, rj BaxTptavY), y^ SoyBtavY) xal dXlac x w P at > yvwaTat ty]v <jy)- 
piepov, Bid twv 6vopLaTWV tou Xopaaadv, ty]? Bouxcicpa?, tou Toupxecrudv xal 
'AcpyavtaTdv yj xavTeXw? xaTeaTpecpovTO, yj Xoyo? ^xev dytveTO xepl xaTaaTpo- 
9y]? czutwv, ot Be xaToixot Y^TTW^evoi dveXd^6avov /.at au0i? Td? auvY]0et? 
auTWV e^et?, a^a dxepxo^evwv twv MaxeBovwv. 'Ev yevet B' dx6 tyj? xup- 
xo>of)aew? twv ava/.Topwv tyj? llepaexoXew? dvaa^evt^ovTai Ttve? twv taTo- 
pixwv, dxoBtBovTe? T(p 'AXe^dvBpw, lia t6v xapaToX^ov auTou xapa^^^- 
pa, tV xpoawvu^fav ((6 xapd^pwv ty^? MaxeBov(a?)). 



118 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

©avovTO? Xotxov tou AapEiou 6 'AXe?avBpo? Bi£Tpt6ev lv TaT? xaTa Td 
voTia xapdXta tyj? Kaaxfa? OaXdaarj? x^P a ^» * a ^ £V T0 <^ &ope(oc? yipeat 
Xopaaadv evTo? twv opfwv tou 'AcpyaviaTav. 'EvTauSa 81 xeB:a<; Tt? yovi- 
[xwTaTTQ xal eu^opwraTY) e?eXeyiq, xpo? ausTaaiv xoXew?, yJti? xal dxo tou 
dvo^iaTo? auxou ^xXyjOy) 'AXe^avBpeta 'Apeiwv. 'H xoXc? B'auTY) 
Biaaw^eTac xal ttjv aifj^epov ^eTaxXTjOeTsa Xepdi... 

'EvTauOa 6 'AXe^avBpo? uxlxeaev el? xpa?iv X(av yioxBYjpav xal ^svyjv 
ttj? , x a ? a " / -' r " l QP t ^o 6cjy5c; auTov xgr^ib^ioq, dyiaupdv XTjXiBa Ixayayouaav t^> 
yevvacu) dXXo)? xaTaxTTjTfj. 

*0 <£tX(07a?, xpg)t6toxo? u!o? tou dpxatou GTpaTYjyou Ilapyievftovo?, 
BieBpa^aTtae yieya (jipo? ev ttj taTopia tou 'AXs^dvBpou, xal dxo xacBixfj? 
£ij£Tt TjXr/.(a?. *0 IlXouTapxo? Be outo) x£ptypa9£i t6v xapaxTfjpa xal ttjv 
BiaywyTjv tou GTpaTTjyou toutou: «<l>tXu)Ta? 6 Ilap^evitovo? d^cw^a efye 
{ley a ^exaHu twv MaxsBovwv. Aev tjto ou ^lovov dvBpelo? xal xapTepixo?, 
dXXd xal pieyaXoStopo? xal q>iXiTaipo?,xa? ^ovov dxevavTt tou 'AXeJjdvBpou 
ux£xwp£t, xaxd TauTa)). 

AeysTat OTt xote Bcera^e tov IxtGTaTTjv vd Boxttj cxavrjv xoaoTTjTa dpyu- 
pfou xpo? Tiva twv cpfXtov* ecxovTO? Be tou exiaTaxou, otc Bev exet Toaau- 
Ta xP 1 Ql JLaTa eTOt^jicz' «ti Xeyet?; elxev 6 <$>i\(jyz<xq, ouBe xoTTjptov Xotxov 
exetq, ouB' i^dxtov ;)) Kal xaxd Ta dXXa 6 3>tXa>Ta? etpspeTO X(av dXa^o- 
vcxg>? xal (JLSxd ^sydXTj? dyspnea?, Bto xal etpefXxuasv ec? eauTov tov cpOovov 
xdvTWV xal xapelx^v uxo'^fav hide, ttjv u^YjXotppotJuvTjv auTou, y]v xal OeXwv 
vd xaxaBapidsT) 6 xaxTjp IlapjJievfwv: ((a) xal, x^P^ ^ ytyvou,)) e'Xeye. 
'Acpop^rj Be ttj? y.aT* auTou exp^?eox; ux^p^ev wBe: 

Kaxd ttjv xapd tyj 'Iacw TJTTav twv Ilcpatov, e6p£0Y) ^£Ta£u twv afx[Aa- 
Xwtwv wpacaTt? veaviq, i%Ylu[iyriq [ih tyj? May.eBovtag xaTayo^svY), 
'AvTtyovTj Be xaXouiievrj. TauTYjv xapaXa6wv 6 ^tXwTaq, Bev eXetxev e*v 
TaT? ^jlst' a'JTTj? (juvava<7Tpoq>at^ vd eyy.aux5.Tai Bid Ta 't'Bca Xa^xxpd xpoTepifj- 
[xaTa, y.al tov (jlsv 'AXIqavBpov dxsy.dXei pLscpdxtov, Ta Be (xsydXa auTou 
y.aTop6oV^"a dxsBtBev eiq eauTov y.at scgTovxaTepa IIap[JL£vfa)va. 

*H vedviq, (b<; yuvrj, (b^oXoyr/ae tou? Xoyou? toutou? xpo? Ttva twv yva>- 
pf(jL(ov auTT^?, Ixetvo? Bi xpo? tov KpaT£pov, oaTt? xat £f(jYjyay£ ttjv viav xp6? 
tov 'AX^avopov. Outo? he fxaSwv Ta xaTa tov ^>cXa>Tav,B£V eXet^e vd Sta- 
Ta^Tj auTTjv vd <5uyy&'tr\ i%\ fxdXXov £c? t6v oly.ov tou ^paaTOu y.al vd dvayyiX- 
Xtj auTO) oaa Tjy.ou£ xap'auTou. 

Kai 6 (X£V ^cXwTa? dyvowv, otc dxtSouXEuovTai auTw, £?Y]xoXou0£i cuv- 
BtaXcy6[j.£vo? [lzzz ttj? VcdvtBo?, w? xal xpoT£pov. 

EI? B£ Ttov yvwpf^xwv tou PaatXeto?, ix XaXafcjTpa? [jisvtt]? Max£Bovfa? 
xaTay6[j.£vo?, Ai^jlvo? Be xaXo6[X£vo?, auvotxoaa? xaxd tou 'AXE^dvBpou iicl 
Xoy a) otc B£tva>? ux' auTou xpocr£6XY]6rj, Siexocvgxje tyjv e'xtSouXTjv xpo? Ttva 
t6v <pfXo)v, Ntx6(i.axov xaXou^L£vov, outo? Be Bt£BV]Xa)a£ Ta xdvxa xp6? tov 
doEXcpov K£6aXtvov, oaTt? xal 9o6yj0£c? jjl^ d'XXo? tc? t6v auvwpLOTwv xpo- 



ISTOPIA TOT MEFAAOY AAESANAPOY 119 

<p0dc7Y] %7.\ BtaBY)X(t)aY) TTfJV ixi60U^T?JV Xp6? TOV QoLGlkkoL, eXplVe 7,aX6v OLUlhq V« 

dvaxaXu^fl T0 xpdy[ia' xapouaca<70ei<; Xoixov eiq tyjv auXifjv, xai auvBcaXe- 
X0£t<; jjLSTa tou ^cXwtou, xapexaXeaev ocutov vd dvafpepY) ocrov TdxttfTa tt)v 
auvw^ioacav tou At^vou xpoq tov 'AXe^avBpov. 

*0 Be ^cXuVuac;, e'tae Bcotc xai o5to<; au[X[xsT£ix £ T *j<5 £xi6ouXyj<;, s'its xal 
I? d[xeXe(a<; eSet^ev dBtaipopcav, xai auvBceXexGiq [levxepl Btacpopwv dXXa>v 
xpaypidTtoV [JieTd tou 'AXe^dvBpou, dXX' ouBev dvecpepev au-uw icepl twv 6x6 
tou Ke6aX(vou auTa> xoivoxotY]0evTa>v' Big Be xal Tp:q exavaXiQcpGevToq tou 
xpdy[JLaTO<;, 6 Ke6aXcvo<; <po6Y]0ei<; \ly) Bi' dXXou dvaxaXucp0Y) yj exiSouXif), xal 
B'.axcvBuveuqQ xal outo<;, tov |xev <£iX(OTav d^rjx,e, xaTe^uye Be xpoc; t6v i% 
twv (taacXcxwv 0epax6vTG>v MeTpwva, Bcaxoivwv auTO) ttjv auvw^ioacav. 

*0 MeTpov xpu^aq tov Ke6aXivov ev ttj 6xXo0y]x.y], Bev eXec^e vd Biaxot- 
vwqfl Td xdvTa tu 'AXe^dvBptp Xouo(jlIv(i) xpoa0et<; xai oti cpuXaTTei xap* 
eauTW tov dvaxaXu^avTa ttjv cuvwpioaiav Ke6aXivov.'0 gaaiXeu<; TOTexaXe- 
cag eu0u<;T6vTeKe6aXTvov, tov AT^jlvov xac tov <i>iXa)Tav, e'?Y]Ta<jST& xpay^xa, 
xat 6 y-sv Atpivoc; evoxo<; eupe0el<; TquToxTovr,aev ev t a> ck[L<x, 6 Be <l>iXa)Ta<; 
w^oXoyiQae (lev, fieTd cuvTpt6Y)<; xapBiaq oti xapr^eX^ae to xpdy^a, dXX' 
ifjpvelTO OTt GU(JL^eTeax e t^s auvw^xoafaq. Kat 6 'AXe^avBpoq dxeXuaev au- 
tov d(JLeaa><;, <b<; jjlt) uxoxTeuojxevoi; BtjGev, xept ir\q xfaTeox; <xutou, %<x\ e(<; 
BeTxvov jxdXtffTa ixaXeaev ojutov [leta t&v dXXwv aTpaTY]y(I)v' xepl to (xeaovu- 
xtcov Be x^^ag tov CTpaTTjyov 'ATappav cuveXa6e tov ^cXonav. 

Ttjv xpanav auvexpoTY]0Y3 aTpaTiarnxov BixaaTigpiov 6x6 twv e'xiaiq^OTe- 
p(ov d£iG>^aTixwv dxoTeXou^evov xat xpoeBpeuo^evov 6x6 tou *HcpataT(a>voq. 
'O BuutuxtK ^tXwTa<; eTe0Y] Iv ^aaavtaTr;p(ocq, axXiqpdx; Be paaavt^opievoc;, 
of/Tpd<; xal iXeeivd? i^exejxxe cpwvdc; xpoq touc; xeptTOV 'HcpataTtwva. ((Ou- 
TO) {JiaX0ax.6(; xal dvavBpoi; wv, ixsxefpT]<:a<;To<jouTOV (xeydXa xpdy[AaTa;)) 
dvexpa^ev 6 e?o>0ev tou GTpaToBcxecou xepcjjievwv 'AXe^avBpoq. 

w Eve%a Be twv faadvwv xpoTou 'HcpataTtwvoq, tou KpaTepou xal tou 
Kotvou, auYY £v ^v TouxaTaBtxa^o[jLevou,xaTdTd gdp6apa twv totc XP 0VWV 
e0i(xa, TQvayxdaOYj 6 TaXafxtapog <l>tXcoTa(; vd o^oXoyTjafl oti xoXXaxt? auvo)- 
[j.(XT](je (xeTd tou xaTpo? Ilap^evtwvoc; xept t^<; BoXo^ovfac; tou 'AXe^dvBpou, 
y.ol\ ^ti Bev iToX^aav ^xsv vd ixix^tpV^fft Tt ^wvtoc; tou Aapefou, BtoTt 
touto TJ0eXev (DcpeXifjaet piaXXov tov Aapelov ^ ocutouc;, xai otc vuv i^iQxavop- 
pdqjet auvtopioacav, axeuBwv vd faX^ auTrjv ef<; xpd^iv, xpiv r\ sti dxo0dy]f) 6 
xocttjp auTou. 

Ttjv ixtouaav exwv Tdc; o^oXoyfag TauTa<; 6 'AXe^avBpoq, xapeaTY) aO- 
Toxpoaa)xw<; dvwxcov toy)? auveXeuaetix; tou GTpaToQ' 6 ^cXwraq Be dx0ec<; 
e(<; t& (xeaov ecpoveu0Y] iv xw d^a, xaTaxovTiaGeiq 6x6 twv aTpaTttoTtov. 

MeTd toutou Be xal oixt Tpfa lir\ 6x6 xpaTYjacv BtaTeXwv 'AXe^avBpog 
6 AuyxiaT^q ttjv auTYjv eaxe (xotpav cpoveuGeiq 6x6 twv CTpcmavroiv. Suy- 
Xp6va><; Be xal 6 aeSaaTog yepwv Ilap^evfov, 6 xaTi?)p tou 4>cX(otou, ax; auvl- 
voxo<; 0e(i>pY)0et<; h Tfj auvw^ofjfqc tou ulou, xaTeBixda0iQ waauTO)^ e(<;0dvaTOV. 



120 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

'0 Ilap^svfwv BtSTsXst ^v suvofa xapd tw *AXsc;dvBpw oaTiq xal xaTa ty)v 
Btavo[nr)v twv (isyaXoBwptwv auTou sxdptasv auTW tov otxov tou xavtax u P 0U 
suvouxou Baywou, xsptexovxa xtXtwv TaXdvxwv t[iaTtc[Ji6v. Kat xtOavwc; [ih 
6 riaptx£vc(i>v ouBs^tav stxs yvwatv tyj<; auvwpioatac; tou utou, vuv hk BtsTpt- 
6£V sVEx6aTdvot<; TsaaapdxovTa ri^igaq dxsxwv tou 'AXs^dvBpou, jJisTd [ie- 
ydXou GTpaToD <ppoupo<; xat <puXa£ dxstpwv 6"r)<jaupwv. 

"Oxwc; xot* dv ^ pieTa t6v OdvaTOV tou ulou xat 6 GdvaTOc; tou Ilap^Evtw- 
vog £0£G>pY]6iQ dvayxalog, dXV wtpstXs vd Y £ ^ V T5 ^v'dyvota tou vuv dcpwatw^isvou 
xat Xtav dyaxwvTOc; aikov aTpaTOu. 'Ecp* w xal IIoXuBd^ac; Etc; twv eT<z(- 
pwv Btwpt<70Y) vd <pipYj Etc; 'ExSaTava ixtcToXdg tou (SaatXewc; xpoc; tov Si- 
TaXxY]v, Y)y£[jL6va twv 0paxwv, xat touc; tfTpaTYjyoix; MsvtBav xat KXsav- 
Bpov. 'Ext BpopidBwv uxo 'Apd6wv oBY)you[JLsvwv, <p0dg 6 IIoXuBdpiac;, s\t&<; 
BwBsxa Y^spovuxTt'wv svsxstptcjs Tag inzwzo'k&q y.al y) xpoaTayr) tou @a<Jt- 
Xswc; e^eteXecjOtq d^iawc;, xat 6 d0Xtog XIap[i£vtwv, xsptou 6 <l>tXtxxo<;, xaxYjp 
tou 'AXs^dvBpou, sVaxdpt^ev sauTov dXXoTE oti supsv sva jxovov CTpaTYjyov 
tov IIap[Ji£Vtwva, Bev uxyjpxs xXsov iv toTc; ^watv. 

At BtxauTtxat, iv toutocc; dvaxptcstc;, ££y]xoXou0ouv ytyv6[JL£vat e*v IIpo- 
<p0aata, xat xoXXol B' dXXot w<; cuvevoxoc tou <I>tXwTOu xaT£^Y)vu0Y)aav, 
touG' ox£p xat xpog xoXXouc; twv cptXwv <po6sp6v ixotiqae tov 'AXs^avBpov, 
xal ^dXtaTa xpog tov e*v MaxsBovta Bta^evovTa 'AvTtxaTpov, octk; xat 
xe^ac; xpucptwc; xiqpuxagxpoc; tou? AtTwXou<;,cjuvY]axt<70Tq [L£i' auTWV svsxsv 
dvTapataq Ttvog xaxd tou 'AXs^dvBpou TEXTatvo^ivYjc;. 

Ot ufol tou i% Hxu^atac; 'AvBpo^lvouc; rioXsfJiwv, 'A^uvTag, Hi[L[±i(xq 
%a\ "Ai'za'koQ, <p£Xot ovtec; tou eiq 6dvaTov y,aTaBtx.aa0£VTOc; aTpaTY]you 6x1- 
x£aav £t<; uxo^tav xat [LoXiq Btd ir\q EuyXwTTtac; tou ev6<; «ut6)v tou 'A^jluv- 
tou £<Ja)0Y)aav dx6 tyjc; xaxaBtxiQc;. Kaxoxtv y£vvatav Bet?avT£<; Btaytoyrjv 
^ti^wvto ^EydXox; ux6 tou 'AX^dvBpou. 

*OX6xXY]pov B£ tov x^^wva Btavuaaq 6 'AXI^czvBpoc; ^i£Ta tou CTpaTOu 
lv 'AcpyavtffTdv, xpo^TQ xaxd ty)v d'vot^tv tou Itou? 329 x. X. st<; tyjv dp^atczv 
Bay.Tptav, Bta6d<; tov ux6 dBtaXuTou xtovog xdvTOT£ xaXuxTo[X£vov oupavo- 
(jlyjxtq Kauxaaov. Suyxpovox; Be xat 6 B^aao<; (xaOwv otc 6 'AX^avBpot; 
£xy)pxeto xaT* auTOu, [X£Ta (XEytcTTigc; <jxouByj<; ETpdxig £t<; 9uyY]v, jjL£yt<jTY]v 
Ixdyo^v xaTaffTpocp-rjv £t<; to: pi£pTQ, Bt' d>v BtYjpx£TO, axoxov xpo0£|X£vo? vd 
cplpfl t6v 'AX^avBpov ouxax; Etc; dxoptav twv dvayxatwv, wute vd ^rj BuvaTat 
xXeov vd xaTaBtwxfl auTov. 

Ka^ axXiQptoc; (xsv 6 GTpaTOc; twv Ma%£B6va)v Exaax 5 * a ^ iBsxaTt^ETo 
6x6 te tou ^uxouc;, tyjc; xtovoq, twv (x6x6wv %a\ twv TaXatxwptwv t^<; 6Boi- 
xopta?, <xk\' 6 'AXI^avBpoc; TauTa xdvTa paBtwc; cplpwv BtY]u6uvsT0 ^By) etc; 
tyjv *Ypy.avtav, x w P« v X£t(jL£ViQV xp6<; dptcjTEpdv tyjc; Etc; Td BdxTpa (pspouarjc; 
6Bou. 'EvT0tu6a B' d<p66vw<; Euptaxwv dxdaag Tag ^woTpocpfag, BtETptt];£V ^e- 
pac; Tivdg xp6<; dvaxoucptatv tou aTpaTOu, xat cuyxpovwc; xa0uxET«c;e Tac; 
xiptS x6X£tg. 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 121 

Etc; tpsziq Be [loigaq haiphaq tov gtp<xt6v, cxutoc; pisv IXa6e tyjv <juvto{aw- 
taxY]v, aXXd: xai 8uax e P saT ^' u1 Q v °^° v > ^ £T ^ ToCi euxtVYjTOTepou jxspouq tou 
GTpaToQ, tov Be KpaTepov exe^-e /.axd twv Taxoupwv, 6 B' 'EpiyuToc; xapYj- 
xoXo60ei (jl£t« tyjc; TptTYjq (Jiofpac; tyjv puxpoTepav Xewtpopov, cpepwv xal Tdc; 
dxoaxeudq. Kal xavTaxou (lev dcffjxe cppoupouc; 6 'AX^avBpoq, <xutoc; B£ Td 
opY) 6x£p6d<; iffTpaTOXsBeua-sv ev Tfj xeBcdBi, IvOa xoXXol twv xaTd tou Aa- 
pecou auvo^ojdvTwv IIepc>wv xpoaeX06vTe<;, xapeB60Yjaav o!xeio0eXwc; auT(p: 
'0 xcXcapxo? Na6ap^dvY)<;/dxocrxao0etc; yjByj dxo tou Byjctcjou, xal 6 Auto- 
cppaBaTYjc;, caTpdxYjc; twv Taxoupwv xal d'XXoc twv exccpaveaTepwv aaTpaxwv. 
ridvTac; Be TouTouqXiav eu^£vwc; OxoBexGslq 6 'AX^avBpoq, ^{[lxigz ^eyd- 
Xwq xal tov 'ApTaSa^ov, xal touc; ulouq auTou, Btd tyjv ^eydXYjv xpoq tov xu- 
piov xicttiv auTwv' to ovo^ia Be tou 'ApTa6d^ou yjto yvwcrrov e\ MaxeBovia, 
wq yevo^Jtivou exccrrjpiou xpeaSewq tyjc; Ilepafac; i%\ ^cXfxxou. M£Td TauTa 
o 'AXe^avBpoc; etaeBucev el^TYjv x w P av TWV MdpBwv, dpecvou xal (j,a%fii.ou 
Xaou. 

KaTd t6 {xlpoq Be touto GTupoq @ap6dpwv ixtx£c6v, dxpoaBoxYjTWc; xaTd 
twv cpepovTWV tov BouxecpaXov CTpaTiwTWV Yjpxaaev auTov. Td (jiyicTa B' 
exl toutw dyavaxTYjaac; ° 'AXe^avBpoq, exe^e XYjpuxac;dxeiXwv auTOuq 
[Ji£Td cpptXTWV opxwv, OTt GsXst cpoveuaet dxa^dxavTac; (leTa Twvyuvaixwv /.at 
twv xacBwv auTwv, dv Bev dxoBwawacv aikw tov Yxxov' ixeivoi B' wg ix tou- 
tou ou jjlovov tov 'cxxov xpoaYjyayov auT(I), dXXd xal Ta<; xoXecc; xpo0u(j.w<; 
xapeBwxav. 'O B' 'AXecJavBpoc; exl toutok; ou ^jlovov auTO&c; uxeBex0iq su- 
[X£vw(;, dWa xai XuTpa Tivd xpoae(p£p£ Totq dyayouai tov Yxxov auTOu. 

'Exet0£v 6 'AX^avBpoq £ta£Xdaa<; ec^t^v xpo)T£uouaav ttjs *Ypxav(a<; 
xal ZaBpdxapTa, Bt£Tpttp£V auToOt B£xaxevT£ ri[Lig<xq f xa0' a<; zaq auyqbeiq 
ToTq 6soc? ^TeXeae Guaiaq xal 8t)ijlo<j(ou? xaTiffTYjaev dywvag, elxa Bs Btd 
twv Ilap0ua((ov ux£p6d<; t« opta t^<; 'Ap£cac;, s[aY)Xcza£V etc; tyjv Soudav, 
IvGa xpocjY]X0£V xpoc; auTov 6 aaTpaxifjc; ty^c; , Ap£fag 2aTi6ap^dvYjq, xp6q 
ov ou^t ^ovov tyjv aaTpaxdav dx£Bwx£V, dXXd xai t6v 'Avd^txxov, eva twv 
£Tatpo>v, d^YJxE ^jl£0' £?YjxovTa txxaxovTtcjTwv xpo<; xXetoTipav cpuXac;tv twv 

T0X03V. 

Suyxpovwc; Bl £q)0aaav xat Ttv£c; Ilipaac dyyiXXovTec; otc 6 Bfjaao*; I96- 
p£<j£ Ttdpav 6p0Yjv, xaTd to cuotyj^cx twv ^aatXiwv, xal tyjv ^aacXixYjv iv£B60Y] 
otoXyjv, d^twv vd XiyYjTat ^aatX£uq tyjc; 'Aafac; xai dvTl B^aaou ex£xdX£a£V 
eauTiv. 'ApTaSepcjTjv xal oti e^wv x£pt iauTov tou<; dq BdxTpa xaTacfuyovTczq 
twv Il£pc:wv y.<x\ xXeicttouc; twv dXXwv BaxTptavwv, X£pt£|X£V£ xp6<; toutoc<; 
au\i[kdxouq xal xapd twv Sxu0wv. 

*0 'AX^avBpoq TaQTa ^La0wv, xapaXa6wv dxaaav ty^v Buva^juv Biyju06v0y) 
xp6q Td BdxTpa. Ka0' 6B6v B£ iVa0£V oTt 6 2aTtga^dpvY}<; GocvczTwaaq t6v aq?e- 
0£vt<x auT(p 'Avd^txxov xai tou<; !xxay.ovTt<7Tdc;, 6xX(^£t tou<; 'ApEtouq xa^ 
^.£Taxo^£t auTOug etc; Td 'ApTaxoava, erot^oc; vd auv£vw0f) ^£TdTOuBifj(Tffou 
xal vd e'xtxearj xaTd twv MaxeBovwv. '0 'AXi^avBpoc; [higoq ia£vtou GTpa- 



122 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tou iuapaAa8(i>v xat tou? Xoticou? d<pet? uiu6 tov KpaTepov, evT&? Buo Yj^epwv 
96dvet et? 'ApTaxoava* exet Be <jaTpdxY]v tyj? 'Apeta? dvaBet£a?nep<7Y]V Ttvd 
xaAou^evov 'Apad^Yjv, cruvevvoTqGet? Be yat (xsia tou uiuo tov KpaTepov 
uzo^ettpOevTO? CTpaToO, *iUpos6iQ et? ttjv x^P av ™ v Sapayyatwv. Bpacca- 
evTY)? Be, 6 caTpaxY]? tyj? %b)Q<xc, TauTY)?, el? Ttov yaTa tou Aapetou jJieTaTou 
Byjjcou tJuvo^oadvTtov, ^aGwv oti 6 'A^e^avBpo? xaTa<p6dvet ocov ouicw, %a- 
Tecpuye iupo? tou? 'IvBou?, dAV of 'IvBot auAAa66vTe? auTov, eiue^av TUpo? 
t6v 'AAe^avBpov, o<7Tt? xat arnica)? e^avaTwae Btd tyjv icpo? t6v Aapeloviii- 

CTQTTJV TUp5?lV (XUTOU. 

'ExaveXOovTo? Be tou 'AAe^dvBpou et? tyjv *Ypxavtav, dcptxeTO xpo? au- 
tov y) ^actAtcua twv 'Apia^ovwv, ©d^YjCTpt? xaXouyivrr, Yjye^oveuoucra tyj? 
^JieTa^u tou <J>d(7tBo? yat tou Bep^oBwvTO? luoTa^ou x&p<xq. Ilepl auTYj? Be 
6 AtoBwpo? Xeyet OTt e£e!x £ yaTa tc tyjv wpatOTYjTa yat tyjv pwpnqv tou <jw- 
y,aTO?, yat xoXu 0x6 tg>v o^oeGvwv auTYj? eOau^xd^eTO Btd tyjv dvBpetav, 
d<pY)aatja Be t6v xept aiiTYjv cTpaTov £v to!? optot? tyj? *Ypxavta? YJX6e ^eTa 
Tptaxoatwv evoxXwv 'A^a^covtBwv. 

'0 @actAeu? Oaupidca? eVt TOUT(p Y)pa)TY]ae tyjv GdVqaTpiv Ttvo? evexa 
dqnxeTO xpo? auTov' auTY) Be dxexpt6Y] OTt Y]A0e xatBoxot'ta? eveya, xaOoTt 
exetB-rj exetvo? yjto a'ptaro? xdvTG)V N tg>v dvBpwv Btd Td? yevvata? xpd^et? 
aiiTou, auTY] Be yaTa TeTYjv dvBpetav xat tyjv ctD^aTtyYjv eue^tav Btecpepe tg)v 
gcAXwv yuvatxwv to ex, TotauTYj? yuvatxo? yevvY]6Yjcr6[xevov cpuatxa) to> X6y<p 
TjOe^ev e£ey v et twv aX^wv dvOptoxtov. Kat Y] \xh ©dAY)<JTpt? BexaTpel? Yj^xe- 
pa? jxefvaja \xzia, tou 'AAe^dvBpou xat tov cxoxov Bt'ov *rJA0e xAyj pwcaaa 
Btd (jLeydXaw Bwpwv Tt^jnqOelaa ux'auTou, dxijXOev et? Td t'Bta, 6 Be 'A^e^av- 
Bpo? {JLeyaXauxwv ext Tat? vtxat?, %a\ dxoSaXwv tyjv yjv xapd tou xa0YjyY]- 
tou AewvtBa iuapeXa6ev iyxpaTetav xat oXtydpxetav Yjpxtaev ^VTeuOev vd 
dxo[JLt^fJTat tt)v IlepatxTjv Tpucpigv. 

Kat -JupwTov [iky xaTeaTYjaev e'v Tfj auXfj tou? 'Aatayevet? paSBou^ou?, 
eicetTa Be e^eAe^e xat d>? Bopu<popou? tou? extfpaveaTepou.? twv dXXwv, e'v ol? 
y^to y.at 6 dBeX(p6? tou Aapetou 'O^dpu?, dyoXouOw? Beiuepte6AY]0Y] t6 iuep- 
cty.ov BtdB-rj^a y.ai t6v BtaAeuxov %n:C)va, yat tt)v luepcrtyfjv qto Ayjv, iu^tjv twv 
dva?"u';tBo.>v y.ct\ tou ydvBuo?, yat et? tou? eTatpou?Be ex a P^ aaT0 •rcspt'^op- 
<pupou? GToXd?. KaT'dpxd? B' ^veBueTO outo>? 6 'AAe^avBpo? irpoyet^evou 
vd xapouatacSf) Iv tw [xeaw twv ^apSdpwv, yatev otyeta auvavacTpocpfj (xeTa 
tg>v ^tA(.)v. Kat eAeye ^.ev oti ^(popet tyjv cto^yjv TauTYjv w? 7,etav yat BetyfJia 
ttj? yaxd T03V ^»ap6dpG)V v(xy)?, aAXd Btd ty)? xoXuTeXeta? yat tyj? >vd[j.t];ea)? 
tyj? Ivou^aata? ^cpatveTO, oti yal ty)v dXa^ovetav yat tov TucpovTwv 'Actavwv 
ely w ev £v t^ ^uxf) auTOu, yal xapeBtBeTO d^xeTpw? e't? Te Td?BtaayeBdaet? xai 
Td<; Yjoovd? tAexpt? o5 xal BYj[io<7ta evetpavt^eTO tyjvtc Ilepao^YjBtyYjv <pepa>v 
ctoXyjv yat Td t]6yj aiiTwv diuo^t^oupLevo?. 

Kat dxYjpeayov ^ev TauTa toI? (ptAot? to>v dpxatwv MayeBovtxwv t^Owv 
y.a! ty}? <zxX6ty]to?, <xaV exovTe? axovTe? irjvayyd^ovTO vd auyxwpdxjt tyjv 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 123 

TotauTiqv, eVt to dctaTixwTepov, Btaywyrjv tou 'AXe^dvB po u, Ge(i)pouvT£<; 
ocutov dq d^eTd6X7]TOV BtayLetvavTa xaTaTS ty)v dvBpetav xai ttjv xpoc; tou<; 
^6xGou<; xapTeptav. 

Ou^ovov Be ££iqxoXou8ei vd Gigpeufl, dXXd xat elq \xeyiczouq xivBuvouq 
xa! axXTjpaywyfac; xpoGupwoq e^sTtGeTO. Kat ex, twv xepl ocut&v Be cptXwv xai 
<Juv£Ta(p(ov, ot (lev euxaptcTwc; £^Lt^ouvTO to xapdBety^a TYJq dctaTix.fj<;xoXu- 
TeXetac;, oxep 6 @aaiXeu<; xapetxev auTotq, ot Be eveyievov Tot<; dpxatotq ^Geci, 
[xeTa^uTou 'tfyatffTtwvoq ot xXelaToi x.at tou KpaTSpou xu^atvo^evot. Kalo 
y.ev 'H<pat(7Tta)v ixtBoxt^d^wv ttjv Btaywyirjv tou (foatXeox;, d^t^eTTO xaG' 
dxavToe ocutov, 6 BeKpocTep&q e've^.eve mczCiq Iv toIc; xaTptotq, Bto xal 6 @a- 
atXeug tov jjlev t H<pat(JTt(ova dyaxwv ixi* tadXXov ittdXec <ptXaXe£avBpov, 
xoct toutov (jieTexeipcXeTO, xpog tou<; "EXXiqvas %alMax.eB6va<; •3upayt JI 'aTeu6- 
[izvoq tc, tov BeKpocTepov iii\x(x xeptaaoTepov, axoxaXtov ocutov <ptXo6accXea, 
xocl Bed toutou xpo<;Tou<; 'Accavoix; Bcexpay^xocTeueTO. 'Ev yevec o^wgocMa- 
xeBoveg xdvTeq, ^stoc (juxpdq e^acpec-e<i)<;, -rjyavdxTouv Bid ttjv xpoT(|rr]aiv,Y)V 
e*<pafv£To xapexwv to?<; Hepaouq, xapaBe-xo^ievoc; Td yjGy) auTWV, xal oux, 6X1- 
yov dXuxouvTO ol euyevet<; tgjv MaxsBovwv @XexovTe<;, oti o 'AXe^avBpoq, 
dxoSXexwv (ieSafox; et? tt)v cuYx^ V£Uc:tv ™ v ^ uo ^Gvd>v x.octec<; tov exxoXtTi- 
ct^jlov twv 'Aatavwv, xapelxs T< *£ ^eyc'cTa*; 7,a ' 1 xXouciG)TdTa<; cocTpaxelocq toc<; 
IIepaac<; dpxoutJt. 

Acd<popot B' gvexa toutou l?uq>oc(vovTO auvw^oafac xaTdTOU *AXe!;dv- 

BpOU, d)V <7Y]^aVTCXG)T8pa UXT)p£eV T) XpO? TOV ^tXtoTOCV dxoBtBo^eVTQ, ^Tt?, 

ox; e'lBo^xsv, £ti^g>ptj6y) Bed tou GavdTou twv xpwToupywv. 

'AXX'otxwc; {Leyiczat; Buaxepstac; dxY)VTY]<7ev 6 'AXe£ocvBpo<;, xpo6a(va>v 
£i<; Td BdxTpa xpo<; xaTaBtco^iv ty)<; Byjg<jou. Acd<popa Be xaO'oBov £0vtq 
xaOuxoTacawv, tou? Apdyyag, touc; r£Bpd)cafou<;, tolx; 'Apax^Tag xa> 
dXXoug, £<p6aa£v ^xi tIXou?, ^.ixpt tou"Q?ou xoTajxou, oaTtg x^Yat^wv £*x 
tou Kauxdaou, x^£Tat eiq t^v xapd t^jv *Ypxav(av GdXaacav. 

t Hto B'ouTot; 6 {jt£yt(jTO<; to>v xoTapiwv, oug eIxov Bia6^ ol MaxeBovsq, 
e'xwv xXdToq [kkv Btax^twv xoBwv, ^ya Be gdOoq xal pEu^a acpoBp6v. 

Kal 6 y.£v Bfjaaoc; £%aua£ Td xXoIa, Bt' wv dx£ Bta6t6da£t t6v aTpaTOV 
auTou, izoXuq B'dx]f]T£tTO XP 0V0 ? Sid y.£Tay,6^t(Ttv ^uX£ia<; xpo<; T.aTa<JX£u- 
*^v y£<pupa<; yj d'XXwv xXofwv. 'Ecp' w xal £(<; dxopfav IXGwv 6 'AX^avBpoq 
x£pl tou xpaxT£ou, Bt£Ta^£ Touq CTpocTtWTac; vd xXr ; paxjGxri Be' dx^pou ij 
?Y]pou xop T °u tou<; £"x Bt(p6£po>v ddxouq, ouq degoq xXir]pouvT£<; T*?]vvu%Ta 
(jt£T£X£ip^ovTO dvTl xXtvo)v,vd cuppd^wcri Be xa! vd auacpfY^wctv ocutou<; outw 
aT£va)<;, wctte vd p.9) BuvaTai vd Biax£pdafl auTOug t6 uBwp, xai outw x£vt£ 
T)^spa<; xXeovte^ e'x* ocutwv, Bi£6iq<7av ot xXeIctoi twv aTpaTtwTWV, &<; Bid 
Gau^JLOCTo;, touG' ox£p-y.al (JiuGwBe; xax; xaGtdTaTat. 

'Ev 6 B'6 'AXe^avBpoq BteSif) outg) t6v '''Q^ov xotoc^lov jjLSTa6atvo)Vxp6<; 
to ^.epog, IvGa s'xXiqpocpopYjGY) oti yjto oB-^aaoq ^eT« tou cTpaToUjdxpocBorrj- 
tox; d<ptxGiQ xp6<; <zutov xat 6 M^Boq KoSdpY]?, o<TTtq cu^6ouXsu(ja(; t6v d\a. 



124 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

^ova xai dvavBpov B-fjacov vd uxoTaxOfl xpo<; tov 'AXe?avBpov, ^x* dXicCBt 
oti ^BeXs auyxwpTqOfj ux'auTou, xal elq tt?jv 6*py^v uxoxeawv toO aaTpdxou, 
Y]UTo^6XT](Te xpoq touc; MaxsBovaq. 

2uyxp6v(o<; ^s *«l ayysXot TCpoffjjXOov xapd TOuSxiOapievouqxal AaTa- 
cpspvouq, GTpaTTgywv, oti dv exs^lxe cTpaTtdv ^lst' dpx"qyou, icpoOu^ax; 
T]6eXov xapaBtoasi tov Bfjcaov auxw. Kal dxpo9a<j(^ovTo jiev outoi oti ixpaT- 
tov touto, dy.Btx,ou[A£voi BfjOEv tov AapsTov,ov tocoutov ^a^epxGx; fjBfxiqffev 6 
caTpaxY]?, dXXa Bsv dToX^iqaav o^jlox; va Becgxjiv auTov, jJLTjTe ocXaw? va ti- 
fjiG)pY]cj(i>Gcv, dpxsa0£VTS<; jjlovov va axocxdcoxn ttjv Ttdpav dxT-qq 7,s<paX^<; 
auTou y.a\ va <JX^ aW(Jt T0V ^accXixov [xavBuav uaiiTou ov Icpspe. 

TauTa dxouaac; 6 'AXeJjavBpoq xpodxE^sv Iva twv ctotiaTOcpuXdxtoV, 
ILroXE^aTov tov Adyou, [A£Td ^eydXY]? (jLo(pa<; eujuvqTOTaTwv cTpaTtwTwv, 
BtaTd^a? auTov oaov Ta^tcra vd cuvsvvotqGyj y.£Ta toO 2xiTa^£vou<; xalAa- 
Ta<pspvou<;. Kal Btavtiaac; \ih 6 IlToX£^at;o<; dvToq TEacrdpwv Tj^spwv Bsxa- 
Yj^epov Bp6^iov, eipOaaev ecg to ^xspoq, ev6a o5toc Bcs^svov, gXsxwv o^xox; au- 
tou<;, e'tTS dx, BscXca?, s'its d£ dvTpoxi]? /.Xovou^evou? dvTf) dxo9acret auTwv, 
tov pi£V xe^ov CTpaTov dcpTJxs vd dy,oXou6fj auTov ^paBsax;, dxsTvoqBE xapa- 
Xa6wv tou<; ixxsl?, %<x\ x£ptxux,Xax7a<; ttjv xw^-qv, svGa 6 Bricaoq xaTscpuyEV, 
£X£[jl^s xrjpuxa xpoT£ivo>v toI? xaTo(xot<;, oti B£V ^6e"Xs @Xd^£t auTOix; Bco- 
Xou dv xapdBcBov auTtp tov aaTpdxYjv. SuXXaBwv B' outg) tov Btjccov 6 IIto- 
"kepaioq, xa6' 6B6v, xpoxd^a? txxdgTtva? TfjpcoTiQcs tov *AXd?avBpov to? 
vd xapou<Jcd<7G)ccv auT(p t6v Bfjccov. — «Nd cpspYjTS, slxs, yu^vov, veal BeBs- 
txevov Be' dXuaswv dxo toO Xat^ou, xat vd aiYjaiQTS auTov dv Be^o; ttjs 6Bou, 
6x60£V pidXXouv vd BtdXOouv auTo<; ts xal y) cTpaTtd jjlou)). w A^.a B'tBwv au- 
t6v6 'AX^avBpog, guy%paTY]aa<; t^jv d(Jia?av: ((AtaTt, xpoBoTa, dv£vcpa^*£, 
Aap£lov tov ^aatX£a, dv TauTw Be %<xl guyy £V ^ gou outg)? o?XTp£>€ dGavaTG)- 
aag;)) Ol CTpaTtwTat ^aav dvux6[iovot vd dxouawct t? e^XXe vd dxoxpcO^ 
6 B-rjdGog. — ((Aev Ixpa^a t6 EyxXig^a i% ofxEia? (xou xpoatpeceox;, dxrjv- 
ty](J£V ouTog, dXX' opLoyvw^ovtoq y.£Td xdvTWV tg)V dXXwv, oYtcv£<; ^ffav X£pl 
tov AapElov, wctte vd eupw^iEv xdpiv xal sXsoq xapd T(I) 'AXs^dvBpcp)). 

My]Bsv B' dXXo xpoaOsl? 6 'AXe^avBpo?, i%l toO xap6vT0<; (iivBciTa£e 
vd [xaffTtywaw-ft jxovov tov B-Jjaaov, d/.oXouOo)? Be Btd Bty,ao"TtXY]?dxo(pd(j£(i)? 
twv b[LO , zi[i.oiV aaTpaxwv dxEtpdataav vd dxpojTYjptdffwac T*rjv pTva xat Ta d)Ta 
a^Tou, v.(xl outo) xaxtot; I%ovTa xapYjfYEtXs tolx; aLc/yeveTc; toO Aapefou vd 
6avaT(oao)<7iv auTov. 

T6 e!Bo<; touto toO TcpB-rjGffq) dxtSXi'jOevTO? OavaTou ^to crxXYjp6TaTov, 
o! auyy£V£t<; Be tou AapEcou, dv olg jtal 6 '0?d6pug, dBsXcpog toD Aap£(ou, 
•/.XlvavTeq dv BaxTpotg Ta<; zopucpdq Buo u^yjXwv BdvBpwv IBEaav d? E7.doTT]<; 
touc; xoBaq tou Byjccou, at Be xopucpal dcpsBElaat eka dXsuGEpat Btdcx^av 
dX£Etvw<; t6 GO)[ia tou XEi<7[xaTa>Bou<; dvuxoTdxTou,W(; xote sxpaTTEV 6 ((ITi- 
TUO/.d[i.xTY]<; dy.£lvo<;!)) 

T6te d(pf/.ovTO e(<; Zapfaaxa o te ^>paTa(pdpviQ(; b caTpdxiqg tt)? ITap- 



I2T0PIA TOT MEPAAOY AAESANAPOY 125 

8(<x<; k<x\ b STacdvwp ty}<; 'Apefaq, <p£povT£<; Seatxtou^ tov 'Apcrdpirv, ocziq 
aaTpdxrjc; wv Tijq 'Apecaq iSoYjO^as ttjv dxiBpo^v tou 2aTi6dpvou xal tov 
IlepaTQV Bap^dviQV xal dXXou<;-yi£yc<7Tdva<; ITepaaq, uxoaTY]p(^ovTa<; oxgxj- 
By)xot£ ty)v dxocTGCjfav tou Biqaaou. 21 uv toutok; B£ YjcpavtaSiQ xXeov xal i] 
dvTixoXtTeuouievTQ TO) 'AXe£dv§pq) (JLepiq twv Ilepawv, yjtcc; aXXax; £V£pyouo*a 
YjBuvaTO vd ixtTUXT) ex 0U7a y.dXi<JTa uxep eauTY]<; tt)v uctccttv a^xuvav tou 
Bcxafou. 

2uXXyj<p6£Vto<; t^3tq tou By]<7<jou, y; SoyBiavrj ^stvada aveu Y]ye^6vo<;,6xs- 
Tayiq d^eco)^ to> 'AXeljdvBpcp, octiq xal cu^xXrpwaac; to Ixxcxov £x twv 
aiiToGt CTpaTta>To>v, wg dxoXeo'GsvTwv xoXXcov £xtwv olxdwv aiiTOu, xaTd 
TTjv BcdSaatv tou 'IvBixou Kauxdaou xal tou "Q^ou,BtY)u66v0Y] dgTYjv xpw- 
Teuouaav ttjc; SoyBiav^q, TdMapdxavBaTjSap^axdvBY], xaO'oBov Be e[<j£X- 
6wv e'tq Ttva puxpdv xoXcv'twv Bpayx£tBd)v, £Ttu*a)pra£ tou? xaTOixou<; auTfj<; 
oV eyxXr^ia Ttov xaTspwv ocutwv, Scoti £x ttjc; McXyjtou xaTayo^evoi auTot, 
xpo jjud<; xal -rj^taeiag £xaTovTa£TY]p(Bo<;, xaTd BtaTay?)v tou Eip^ou, £<ju- 
Xiqcrav va6v Ttva xal [l^ Buvd|A£voi £V£xa toutou vd Bca^ivioacv iv 'EXXdBe, 
[X£Ta>7.Tjaav elq t« (J*£pY) TauTa, BiaTY]pouvT£<; dv (j.£p£i ty]v£XXy]vcxyjv yXdxjaav 
xal Td xaXacd tjOtq auTtov. 

BopEiavaToXtx^v dxoXouOox; Xa6d)v Bi£u0uvaiv 6 'AX^avBpoq d(p£x£TO 
elq t6v (liyav xoTa^ov Tdva'cv, tov uxo to>v dyx^P^v xaXou^£vov 'Ia£dp- 
TYjv, IvOa tjaav Td opta ty)<; aiiTOxpaToptaq tou yieydXou Kupou, au^.x(xTOVTa 
xpoq Td BuTtxd opta tou arj^eptvou Scvixou xpaTOU<;, xal IvOaxpoq dvd- 
(JivYjatv xriq dxiBpofx-r}*; xal xoXXdg dxo6X£X(ov hyekzlaq, Iv£xa tyjc; 6£a£G)<; 6 
'AXe^avBpoc; ^vlxpive vd XTtaOfj vea xoXiq, (('Ejx^ty) 'AXe£dvBpeca» xXyj- 
0£laa. 

KaTd Td jJL£pY) Be TauTcz ixcxeaovTeg ol xeptotxot ^dp6apot, xaTEa^a^av 
xX£(jtou<; T(ov May.eB6va)v Btaaxopxia0£VTa<; ek t^v x£BtdBa xal ^Y]TouvTa<; 
Tpt<puXXia xat atXcptov, ax£p £iq xavT£XTj eXXet^tv apTOu x£pteX06vT£<; 
^Tpwyov (i£Td tou 7,p£aTo<; Ttov uxo^uytwv auTwv. Kal TauTa piev xpd^avT£<; 
oc @dp6apot el$ TptdxovTa ^tXtdcSa^ dvBptov cu^xoaou^evot xaT£(puyov el? 
Td opT). *0 'AX^avBpoq B' dxt toutoi? ix^X6e jxeG' 6ptXY)<; xaT' auTwv, Kori 
xaT' dpxdq (i£V ot MaxeBovec; dxexpouaOiqaav yewatdx; ux6 twv @ap6dpd)V, 
oux 6Xfyot B' ocutwv xat iTpau^aTiaOYjaav, e*v oI<; xal <xut6<; 6 'AX^avBpo?, 
odTiq xat &>q <pp£VY)pY)<; dxtxtXTtov iTO^euOYj xaTd ty> xvy][xyjv, xal ^.£po<; Ttjq 
x£p6vY}<; auTOu dx£0pczucj6Yj. 

■ 'AXX* £It« xapo^uv0£VT£? e*xl ^dXXov ot MaxeBoveq, evexa tt]? xXigyt]*; 
tou PaatX£w<;, p.avcG)Bo><; dxix£aovTe<; xaTexo^av TOu^xXefaTOuq to>v gap6d- 
ptov, £T£pot Be xaTaBtCL>x6(ji£vot exixtov xaTd xprj^vwv, (p£uyovT£«; tou<; xoX£- 
\kiouq. TocauTYjv Be xaTacrTpocpTjv uxiaTYjaav waT£ ixTwv TptdxovTa xtXcdBwv 
dvBptov [LoXiq 6xto) X'XtdB£c; BiEacoGrjaav. 

*0 *AX£^avBpo<; £up(<7X£TO t^Byj iv iolq bpioiq tou xoTa^xou 'Ia^dpTOu. 
'EvTauOa B' ot to) Kup(p avux6TaxTot jjLEcvavTec; Sx60at, §xe[i^av yjBtq 



126 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

7Cpea6et<; xpo<; tov 'AXe^avBpov, X6y(p [lev ^tjtoOvts? va auvBeawat cptXtav xal 
aujjL(jiaxtav (X£t' auTou, xpayjiaTt B' dxoSXexovTec; etc; to va xaTaaxoxeuawat 
tov GTpaTov auTou, to gcuto Be expats *at 6 'AXe?avBpo<; BtaTa^ag va cuva- 
xeXOtoat [isTa tg>v xpeaBewv toutwv Ttvec; ix Ttov cptXwv tou JSaatXeax;, Xeyov- 
ts? yiv otc xpoffTjpxovTo Xoya) cptXtac; xpdypiaTt B' dxo6XexovT£<; xat o5TOt 
va i^sTdawat t6v xXiqGua^ov, xat Ta<; Buvdyietc; xat t6v Tpoxov toD £rjv twv 
2xu0g>v. 

'Ev toutok; Btdcpopot Btrjyetpovo uxo twv iyx<*>pt<ov ixavaaTdaei<; xaTa 
Ttov MaxeBovtov xal ixqXOe (lev 6 2xtTa[ievT]c;, xoXtopxtov jJieTa tffx u P ^ 
aTpaToO TYjv iv MapaxavBotg BtaTeXouaav MaxeBovtxrjv <ppoupdv, efca o\Udq 
dxouaac; otc 6 'AXe?avBpo<; auTOxpoatoxto<; xpocrrjyyt^ev ixepxV £V o? * aT ' 
auTou iyxaTaXtxtbv ttjv xoXtopxtav, dxjjXOe, xaTd Ta opta ir}<; SoyBtavfj?. 
ot Be xaT' ocutoO dxoaTaXeVre<; GTpaT-qyot, dvtxavot ovTe?, xaTaBitoxovTeq 
ocutov, dvoTjT(o<; xaJ dxeptaxexTtoc; ixexeaov xaTa Ttov vopidBtov HxuOtov, ucp'tov 
iviaxuopievo<; 6 SxiTa^evrjg, dxexpouae touc; MaxeBovac;, xat xavTa^66ev 
xeptxuxXtoaac; auTOuq -rjvdyxaae va xaTacpuytoatv etc; Taq ox0a<; t) e?q vrjaov 
Ttva iv t(I) eXXr]vtaTt Xeyopievtp rioXuTt^Ttp xoTa^cp, ev6a xavTac; etc; Tpt- 
cy.i'kiouc, $ xevTaxKJX^touc; auyixoaou^evou<; iv GTopiaTi yiaxa£pa<; otxTptoq 
ixepaa av. 

Ta tieytffTa 6 'AXiSavBpoc; ixt Tfj cu^cpopoe TauTfl Ttov GTpaTttoTtov Xuxtj- 
0etq, ixeXOtbv Taxtcrra xaTexo^e xavTac; touc; xoXefitouc;, xat dxaaav tJByj T-fjv 
SoyBtavirjv xa0uxoTdc;a<;, t6v Be IleuxoXaov [xeTa Tptax'Xttov dvBptov aaTpd- 
xtqv auTY)<; xaTaanqaac;, aiiTo<; dvexwpiqaev etc; Zaptaaxa. 

'O tou 329 — 382 x^^v, ov 6 'AXeljavBpos Btiqyayev iv Zapfaax^, 
uxrjp^e Xtav d?toffTQ(JiettoTO<;, BtoTt xaT* auTOV dvexTUxGrj iv xdaifj ivTeXeta yj 
etxwv Tfjg auX-rjq tou MeyaXou 'AXe^dvBpou, t)v xaSwpat^ov dcp' ev6<; [Lh ot 
iv cuv6X<p xaT* ivTO^-rjv auTou auppeuaavTec; exiaigtxoTaTOt Td>v dvBpwv t^<; 
IlepcTtag, i] IXeuatc; vewv aTpaTtWTixwv <JG)^dTO)V ttjc; *EXXdBo<;, xai ^ auy- 
Xpovoc; ofyt^tc; Bta^opwv xpeaSetwv E u pwxabuov Te xal 'AataTtxwv, dy* kxi- 
pou Be i) euBat(xo)V xal TepxvY) cpuatc; t^c; xapxocpopou BaxTptavfjc;, Ta iv auT^ 
Btaxex^^eva axetpa xXouttq,"^ xotxtXy) dvd|JLt^t<; tou orpaTtwTtxou ^tou Ttov 
MaxeBovwv, tyjc; Ilepatx^c; xo^UTeXetac; xat tt^c; *EXXiQvtx^c; uxepT}<paveta<; 
(xeya xapetxov GeXyiQTpov xal yteyaXwc; auveSdXXovTO e?<; tttjv axirjv^v ttjc; 
ixTdxTOc; t^By) xaptaTajxevYjc; {JLeyaXoxpexouc; e^eXt^ewc;. 

*0 'AXec^avBpoc; ixt Ttva XP 0V0V Bta^xetvac; ex Zaptaaxa, (iexpt<;o5xap^X- 
6e to Bptjxu tou x £t ^ vo ^ %a ^ dx-ouaac; otc ot SoyBtavot exo[xevo)? Be xat o! 
BaxTptavol ixaveaTYjaav, (at) 6eXovTec; va uxaxouawai t(I) aaTpdxfl auTWV 
rieuxoXd(p i^o!)p(XTQae xal au(H<; ixt t6v ^Q^ov xoTajJiov, axeuBwv va xaSuxo- 
Ta^Tj auTouq. 'Eva) B' iaTpaTOxeBeue xapa tiqv ox^^v tou xoTa^Jiou, xpoaeX- 
6(bv G6)[j.aTo<puXal; IlToXefJLaioc; 6 Adyou, dviQyyetXev auiw otc 06 fiaxpav 
t^c; GxrjVYjc; auTou dve6Xucjs xYjyT) uBaToq xat xap* auTf] xirjy^ iXatou. Ka! 
6 y.ev 'AptaTavBpoq 6 fidvTtc; ^ptnfjveuaev oti ^ XTjy^ iXatou ifrrjjjiacve x6xou<; 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 127 

xoXXou?, dWot ^lsto: tou<; xoxou? xa! Y) v(xy) xpos&AY)vu£TO [izydXt], Si6tc 
to eXatov e866iq xapd tgjv 0£G>v Tot<; dv6pa>xot<; wq dvaxoutptctq xat dpwy^ 
iv Tatq 8uax6Xot<; Ipyaatatg, xa66aov [jidXtaTa xat ot "EXXyjv£<; 8t' iXacou 
TfjXsfcpovTo, xaTd tou<; yu^vixous dywvat; auT&v. 

'Ex£t0£V 8' 6 'AX^avBpoq 8tatp£aa<; tyjv <jTpaTtdv ecg xevT£ (iipY) 8t£Ta?£ 
vd dxeX6(i)acv £tqTY)V 2oy8tavYjv, xaTd 8ta<popou<; 8t£U0uva£t<;, 6x6 tov 'H^ai- 
CTtwva, tov riToXs^alov, tov IlspBfxav, t6v Kocvov ^£Ta tou 'ApTaSd^ou, 6 
8' 'AXe^avBpo? dveXa6s tyjv dpxYjytav tou xs^jlxtou Tdy^aToc; xat exyjXGov 
{JL^vxdvTsc; elq MapdxavSa, e^ e^oBou y) xat otx£to0£Xd>c; xaOuxoTaaao^jivwv 
tg>v xa0'686v x6X£tov, Ivipo Kotvoq 8t£TdxOY) vd £X£X0fl xaTd tcov SxuOwvxat 
MaaaaysTwv, xap' ot<; slx £ xaTacpuy£t yj8yj 6 SxtTa^sviQ?, 6 8' 'AX^avBpoq 
xpoux£tTO vd xaTaXd6if) Td ^vtyj SoyBtavfj ?ax u P a cppoupta, wv ixtUYj^oTEpov 
•TJto &2oy8tav6<; Xeyo^svoq $pd%o<;, yjtoi dxpoxoXtq taxupoTaTY). 

'O 2oy8tav6<; 8' outo? @pdxo<;, yjto xavTaxaatv axo^s^ovw^evo? xat to- 
co UTOvaxoxpYj^ivo q xavTaxoSsv, costs ecpatvsTo xdvTfl dxpoatToq. 'Yxqpxe 
8sX(av6xup6v <ppoupcoveVtTOu $pdxou toutou, ev too '0?udpTY)<;, 6 twv (Jls- 
pwv eWvtov dvuxoTaxTos aaxpdxY]<;, etxev iyxXstaet tyjv au^uyov, tyjv 6uya- 
Tepa xat t^v Xotx-rjv auTOu otxoyevstav. K a ^ Yjy<i>vt<j0Yj yiv 6 'AXe?av8po<; 
vd xuptsuayj t6v toxov, dWa gXexcov oti yjto dBuvaTOV vd xaOuxoTa^fl au- 
t6v, tyjv dvdyxYjv <ptXoTt[Aiav xotou^svoq, xaT* dpxa? (xev'xe^^aq xpea6etq 
xpouTstve toi<; xaTOtxotq vd xapa8o0toatv ixouauoq, s! 8s (iyj, YjxstXet <m 0d 
ixeX0Y) xaT' auTtov xaxaa^d^wv dxavxaq to bq iv auTco otxouvTaq, dXX* ^ox; 
xuxvoTaTTj x i ^v xaTaxeaouaa xaTd Ta<; Tjyiepaq exstvag, toi? [Lev Maxs86at 
xaTeaTTjas 8uax£P £ ^ T « Tir l v TT ^ V i^p6<; ocut6 xpoasyytatv Totq 8£ &ap6dpoi<; a<p0o- 
vov xapeaxev u8wp, 8t6 xal xspt^povouvTe^; Tdq dxetXd? tou 'AXs^avSpou 
(("Av ot MaxeB6vss ex 03 ^^ XTspd dc; xXiQatdawatv)), dx^VTTjaav xp6q Touq xp^- 
a6stq auTOu. T6ts §k xal 6 'AXe^avBpoq 6pyta0£t<; 8td XT)puxo<; dvifjyystXe 
vd auyxXTjOwai Tptaxoatot veapot MaxsBoveq xpoq t6v axox6v dvoBou iicl tyj<; 
xopu^<; tou gpdxou. Tptaxoatoi Xotxov vsot e^TjaxTjpLevot xal ^x ovT £? T *3 V 
ixtTTjBetoTYjTa vd dvappix<»> v Tat ^v Tat? xoXtopxtatg to>v Tstx<»>v, xapouatd- 
t^ovTai xaT' ^xXoyt^v twv aTpaTTjywv xp6 tou 'AXs^dvBpou, xp6<; ou<; o5to<; 
ctxTjuOuve t6v ktfiq iv0appuvTtx6v Xoyov: 

«S t p a t i w t a t, 

<(Me0' Oyiwv i6taaa dxop0TjTa <ppo6pta, pls6' upiwv Btt^XGov oprj xdvTOTe 

uxoatavtouxtovoq xexaXu^eva xat jjlsS'ujjlwv stJYjXOov dqt&q ^xtxtv8uvou<; 
xapoBouq ttjc; KtXtxta?* xdvTOTe §k eSwxa xp6<; u^dq xat IXa6ov Bety^xaTa 
ysvvatoTTjTo? xal dvBpetac;. Autyj yj xeTpa ^ u^ou^lsviq uxepYjipdvax; dx^vavTt 
u[ao>v, i? 4v6<; jjl6vou ^spouq slvat xpoatT^j xat touto yiovov (ppoupouatv ol 
@dp6apot" xdvTa hk Ta Xotxd d^sXouvTsq, <puXaxa<; ^ovov exouat xpoq to 
(xepoq t)\l£)v' av 8^ Twpa dxoxstpaSYJTe OsXsts sup£t ^sSatwq tov Tpoxov tou 
v' dvaSfjTe eVt tou "pouq ttjv xopu^v Ou8lv y^ (puatq eBsto uxepavw ty^*; toX- 



128 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

[i-qq xal tyj? dvBpsiac;. Ti xaTEcruYjcsv Yj^dc; yjByj xupcouc; tyjc; \Aa(a<;;' A? 
dxaTdxaucrroc yj[awv xpoc; touto dxoxEtpac at dxauBifjcjacrai xal dxsXxctjaaat 
Touq sx0pouc; yj^wv. ripoaxaG-rjaaTs Xotxov, dvBpdoc, v' dva6fJT£ tyjv xopu- 
<p-rjv xal ckav yjByj 'taTaa0s sVaurrjc;, BYjXwaaTS touto xpoc; Yj^dq Btd aY)(Ji£iwv 
Xeuxwv. Tots 6sXw BiaTa^st vd xtvYjBfj 6 aTpaTog, oxwg dxoaxdaw tyjv xpo- 
coxyjv tou £X0pou dip' upiwv. Aixa Be TaXavTa B(Bw tw xpwrw dvaSdvTt ty)v 
xopu9Yjv> evvea tw BsuTspw, 6xtw tw Tpkw xal outwc; scpe^? ^XPt tou os- 
xaTOu. 'AXX' iyw o^wc; el^ai @e6ato<; oti u^xelc; [JidXXov xposexets tov vouv 
xpo<; tyjv 0sXYja(v \lou fl xpoc; Tdc; d^ot6a<; (xou)). 

TauTa xapd tou 'AXc;dvBpou dxouaavTSc; of Tpcaxoacoi veapol Maxs- 
Bovsc; xal Buo piovov Yj[X£pwv Tpo<pd<; Xa66vTsc; xal oxXca0£VT£<; ptovov Bid tyjc; 
<7xd0Yjc; xal tyjc; XoyxYjc;, * a l [iixpouc; ctBYjpouc; xaaadXouc; xpaTOuvTEc;, oY wv 
cuvyj0wc; £tjT£p£ouv Tdc; axYjvdc;, xal toutouc; eVxyjyovtsc;, s"tsexItwv fispwv, 
sv0a yjto aTSpswc; xsxyjy[jisvyj yj x f wv, e'itee'xI tou ihoupouq, taxupd Bs xpoc; 
TouTOtq £7, Xtvou axoivia xpoaBsaavTsc; etc; xaaadXouc;, dvsiXxuov lauTouc; 
xal dv£pptx<Ji>vTo xpoc; to dxoTo^.wTa'Cov xal to Buax^peaTaTov [xspo^ tou ppd- 
Xou. Kal TpcdxovTa [Lh ££, auTwv d^oXsaavTsc; tyjv caocjTa0piiav £xpYj^v(<T0Yj- 
<jav, ouBs twv <jo)[JLdT(i)v auTwv £up£0£VT(ov, dXX' o! Xoixol, exl TeXouc;., ^xe- 
tuxov vd dvaSwcriv sxl tyjc; xopU9Yjc; tou ^pdxou. 

v Ot£ Be xspl t« vapdyjxaTa tyjc; Yj^jipac; ot xaTOixoi tou gpdxou sIBov 
auTouc; dvd)0£V ttjc; xs9aXfjc; auTwv, outwc; s^sxXdyYjaav wcjts uxeXaSov oti 
rjaav [xu0o>Btq, £^o)Ttxd %<x\ Evaiptcz ovTa' auyxPo V(0 ? ^ y>a ^ o 'AXs^avBpoc; 
X£^6ac; y,Y]puy.a xpo? Ta? xp09uXay.dc; twv ^ap6dpo>v, dvYjyyEtXEV auToIc; 
OTt i'Kzih^} EupEGr^av oc ^YjTOu^EVOt xap' auTwv XTEptoTot dvBpEc;, exovtec; 
dxovTsc; W9E1X0V vd xapaBo0o>ac. 

MsTac;u ^k twv ivTEU0EV Xtq90evt(i)V alx^aXwTtov yJto xal y^ BtdffY)5xoc; 
Pwc^dvY), 6uyaTY]p tou 'O^udpTOu' Bt£9Y]^f^ETO B' Y) vsdvtc; auTY] (be; Y) wpato- 
TaTY) twv yuvacywv tyjc; 'Aalaq, i^sTa tyjv STaTEipav tyjv au^uyov tou Aa- 
psfou, TEXsuTYjaadav yjByj. Kai 6 ^jlev 'AX^avBpoc; <juvs^sux0yj auTYjv ev tw 
d[xa, 6 he xaTYjp auT^c; 'O^udpT^c;, [lzxo, Gdppouc; ijicpavtcrBsis xpoc; t6v vt- 
y.YjTYjv, lyeveTO Bextoc; xap' auiu ^jletk ^xsydXcov Ttixwv y,al xEpcxonfjaswv 
|y,Tay.TO)v. 

'AXXd xaTa Ta [AEpYj TauTa BtsBpa^aTiaBYjcjav xal au0tc; 9pty.aXsac xa^ 
Bpa[xaTr/.at ayr^vaf, yjtoi 6 0dvaToc; tou KXectou xal yj Ttjxwpta tou KaXXt- 
aOsvouc;, ysyovoTa dxsp saxov tyjv dpxV e£ euteXwv oXwc; Xoywv. 

MsTaqu twv dvTiTscvovTWv xal xapaxwXuovTwv tov 'AXs^avBpov vd 
xapaBsxGf) ^^ dvaToXiyd £0c[xa, a9oBpoTEpoc; y^to xat KXeTtoc; 6 ApwxcBou, 
6 xal (jisXac; ixovo[xa^6(xsvoc; xpoc; Btdxptaiv ETEpou KXe(tou, utou Aeuxou 
ixovo^a^o^ievou. Outoc; yjto dBsX96c; tyjc; TP090D tou 'AXsc;dvBpou Aavr/Yjc; 
ogtic; %ot\ xaTa tyJv vsoTYjTa (jlev tou $<xaikiws <juvBt£Tpt6s pisT* auTou xaTd 
Be t^jv xapd tw Tpavtxw \L(kyr,v, wc; xposfxojjiEV, ecjwcje t6v 'AXe^avBpov, 
xXYjqac; tyjv X £ 'P<* T °u 2xt0ptBdTOu. 




ZYNANTHII£ AAEZANAPOY KAI PfiZANHZ 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 129 

Toutov he, aaTpdxYjvovTaTYj<;BaxTpcavYj<; dvzl tou 'ApTaSd^ou, exavsX- 
0(bv t6 Bsuxepov £t<; MapdxavBa 6 'AXi^avBpog, xal [isyaXa t£Xg>v auyixoaca 
xat xuvYjyiata ixl ty) sopTfj tg>v Aioaxoupwv, Bi' yj<; dvTtxaT£aTYja£ to: T£(oq 
TsXoupi£va Acovuata, xpoffexdXe<jev,G>q £txo<;, e?<; Bslxvov tyjv eaxepav 0sX(i)v 
ptdXtaxa vd xpoa^spfl auTW xal (bpacd Ttva *EXXYjvtxd oxwpcxd, Bed OaXda- 
<jyj<; auxo) dxoaTaXivTa. 

'OKXsctoc;, pL£Ta6a<; sec; t6 Bdxvov xal ox; ix tyjc; ocvoxoafac; £V£u0u£Jifa 
BcaxsXwv, eBst^c tyjv Buaap£ax£iav auTOu BtaTiva ysXoca xorrj^iaTa 6x6 tivo? 
xocyjtou dxayy£X0£vxa ixl Tpax££,Y)<; xaTa twv xp6 tjuxpou dxoTUXovTWV 
CTpaTYjywv, i<p' d) ts xal eptq Yjy£p0Yj ^stoc^u auTOu xal tou 'AX^dvBpou, 
&<; xot£ ^JiSTa^u tou xoiyjtou <l>iXo?evou<; xal Atovuaiou gaaiXIwc; twv Supa- 
xoucjwv, oaTtq xapacpspGelq XaSwv ev t<ov ^xc tyjc; Tpax^Yjq xapaxsi^svov 
^jiyjXwv eppc^sv ixl tyj<; xecpaXijs tou KXefTou. 

'AXX'wq vd (jly) YjpX£i to tocoutov, xaTa tyjv efSa'^iv tyj<; IpcBoq, oc xoXax q 
uxspu'^waav ^£XP tc S oupavou Ta<; xoX^ixaq xpd^stc; xal to: dvBpaya0Y)[xaTa 
tou (JacrtX&oq. Ac TotauTat xoXax£iac, cpuatxa) tu X6y(p, 6x£pYjp£aav t^> 
'AX^dvBpw, dXX' 6 KXeTtos oixox; ax; 6x6 dXdaTopoq Bai[Jiovo<; xapwOou- 
[levoq, dvT£T£tve xal a56i<; xaptaTwv oti at dxoBiB6pi£vai ysvvaloct xpa^st? 
xp6<; tov 'AX^avBpov dvrjxouac pidXXov toT<; aTpaTtWTatq, oitivss xal ixl 
tyj<; xpOYjyou^jiivYjs (Sac«Xe£a<; £xX£ta0Yj<7av xoXu xX£ioT£pov, i§ o5 dcpop&JiYjv 
Xoc66vt£c; ol x6Xax£<; xal xapdatTot Yjpxtaav vd xapaXXYjXf^totK <I>iXcxxov xal 
'AXI^avBpov, xal £X£ivov tJLev £Tax£tvouv, tov B' ulov ux£pu^ouv. 

*0 KXeitoc; o\xbiq dXXoT£ Iv t^ uxY)p£afa tou 4>tXcxxou wv, Ixpa^s t6 
IvavTtov, x£pt9povwv tjisv Taq xpd?£ti;Tou 'AX^dvBpou, ux£pu^wv hky.(xliv.- 
Ostd^cov Ta<; tou ^cXtxxou. *H egiq dvYjcpOir] ixi pidXXov xat £xt tIXou?, 6x6 
ir\q xapotvfag l?axToiJ.evo<; 6 TaXaq KXeItoc;, 7,aT£aTY] uxlp toBeov ^(aioq 
xat 6p^LYjTt7.6q, 0TsB£au9tq xpo<;Tiva x£pt<ppovY]Tt/,6v /.aT'auTou Xoyov tou 
gaatXIwt; dvu^w^ag ttjv %elg<x: ((Autyj yj x£ip cj£ Icwasv, 'AX£?avBp£ !)) 
dv£6oY]a£v, 6pyiff0si^ xat 6x6 tou o'ivou 0£ppLatv6pi£vo<; 6 'AXI^avBpoc;, 
wp(JLY](j£ yi£v vd ixtxiaYj xaT' auTou, y.al ly.dX£t, ixaxeBovtffTl o^juXwv, tou? 
uxaaxtCTaq elq ^0Y]G£tav, dXX' ixwXuSY) 6x6 twv iv to) CTU|xxoaf(p xapax£t- 
^jlIvwv. 

Kai dx£X£^cp6Y) tx£V xdpauTa 6 KXeitoi; dxo tou dvBpwvoq, dXka hi* dX- 
Xy)<; 0upa<; c?va<pavel? xal a59iq, dv£66a: ((Autyj yj y^ip a£ scjoxjev, 'AXI^av- 
Bp£.)) ? Hto dBuvaTov vd xpaTY)0fi xXlov 6 'AX^avBpoc; xal dpxdaaq tyjv 
Xdy^iQV xapaTtvo? TwvBopu(p6pojvixYjyay£vauTYjvxaTd tou otxTpou Qu\xazoq' 
yj Xoyyjrj yjto 6X£0pta, xal 6 BuaTu^Yjc; KXeItoc; £X£<j£V axvou? i%\ tou £%&- 
cpouq. 'OxpoToqTou x£j6vtoc; KXdTou auvl(p£p£V elq iauTov tov 'AXe^avBpov 
xal xtxpd tJL£Ta^Ji£X£ta xaT£ax £ v ^vtw dpia tov ^aatXIa* dXX' yjto xXeov dpyd. 

'Ext TptYjpi£pov6 'AX£?avBpo<; ecxstve xaTaxX£taTO<; ivTO? tou xotTWvo?, 
[xyj B£y w 6^£vog tyjv xapYjyopfav twv cptXwv, xal auTYjv dxo^Yj tyjv TpocpYjv dxop- 
ptxTtov, xtxpwq B£ xXafwv xal xaTapw(X£vo<; lauT6v BtoTt iOavaTwas t6v 



130 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

aBeX<p&v tt}? dyaxrjTij? TP090G. T6ts saxeuaav o\ 91X01 vd xapa^uOrjatoatv 

. auTov* y*al 6 [kh KaXTaaOIvY)? 6 91X6(7090?, 6 y,ac [ia0Y)TTj? tou 'AptaTOT^Xou?, 

TjOtyo)? xal xpdo? dx£X£tpdT0, (i£Td twv dXXwv, va xapY)yopY)<jY) t° v *AX£- 

£av8pov. 6 8' 'Avd"Hapxo?, 6 ££ 'A68t)P(dv 91X611090?, dXXov yisTex 81 ?^^ 

TpOXOV. 

M£Ta*/,o^xaa(AoG xai dy£pa>xw? st^Xdaa? d? tov xoiT&va tou 'AXe- 
£dv8pou: «Outo? slvat dvixpa^sv, 6 'AXe^avBpo?, xpo? ov t] oikou^svyj 
vuv dxo6X£X£i; dXX' outo?, slvat Ippijfcyiivos KaTayr)?, xXactov (b? dvBpdxo- 
Bov, y,at cpo6oupL£voq tov vo^lov xal ttjv xaTaxpcacv twv dvOpwxwv, xpo? tou? 
oxocou? auTO? xpsxsi vd elvat vojjio? *al opo? tou 8ixa(ou, d<p' ou iv(>a)crsv 
t^Bt), vdapxiQ xai vd xpaTfj xai vd ^ elvai BouXo? -rjTTYjGd? uxo x£vfj? 86£y]?. 
Asv yv<op^£t?, slxsv aiiTO), oti 6 Zeu? sx £t xdpeBpov ttjv ©i^tv, iva xav to 
xpa^O^v ux6 tou xpaTouvTo? SswpetTai <b? Ge^utov xal Bixacov;)) 

Aid twv TOtouTwv Xoywv dv£xou<pta£ yiv tots to xd6o? tou 'AXeljdvBpou 
xal dvlxauas tyjv (JapeTav auTou auveiBTjaiv, ai)To? o^wq flhce8eix0Y),. %«l* e P- 
xyj? x6Xa£, iv.(fg<xG(xq Xoyou? ava^iou? cptXoao^ou, 8t* (ov xaTECTpE^s tov 
XapaxTijpa tou 'AXeljdvBpou. , Evt£u0£V 8* Iv Tfj yi£ydXY) auTou dXat^ovda 
oux^ ^ovov Blv T)p7.£(T0Y) vd yupiYJTai Td t]0yj twv lUpacov xal vd xpoaxuvYjTac 
ux'aiiTwv jjlovov, dXX'Yj0£Xs xpoaiTi xal 0? May,£86v£? vd yovux£T(oatv ivw- 
xtov auTou xal dva^avBov vd XYjpuTTtoaiv ai>Tov ulov tou A16?. 

"AXXots xots xaTa tc aupixoacov, 6 @aaiX£u? i§7jX0s tou iaTtaTopiou svsxa 
8y)0£v axouBaca? tivo? uxo0Ea£to?. EI? Be twv xoXdxwv auTou, KXiwv dvo- 
[Aa^6ji£vo?, TiPX ttJ£ va BiaXsyYjTai pi£Td ^£ydXd)V ^xaivwv, icepl tou 'AX£^dv- 
Bpou, y.al vd dxapiB^T] Td? dx£ipou? eu£py£a(a?, a? olMaxsBove? IXa6ov 
xap' auTou, xpo<T0£TG)v 0Tt dXXo)? Biv -rjBuvavTO vd dvTaxoBwawatv auTa? 
£t[XT) 8t* 6X(you %6xxou 0upitd^aTO?, xpoacp^povT£? auTto Tt^d?, xaTd to 
xapdB£typia twv lUpawv, oKtive? lyovuxeTouv ^vwxtov tou (iaaiXiox;, Xa- 

Tp£UOVT£? ailTOV G)? 0£OV. 

((Kat £yw ^L£v,£xp6a0£(j£v 6 y.6Xa£, d^at xp60u^io? vd xlaw ivavrciov au- 
TOU, otocv ixtaTpl^iQ st? t6 au{ix6aiov, iXxf^o) B' OTt %<x\ o\ xdvT£? 0£>,ouat 
\u\Lrfifi t6 xapdB£iytxd ^jlou, xal xpo xdvTwv ol aocpot, xap' (5v xspt^£Vo^£V 
vd Bwawat t6 xapdB£ty^a tou xp6? tououtov ^lyav yiovdpx^v 6(p£tXo^£Vou 
a£6aa[xou». IIdvT£? B* £wor y aav oti 0! Xoyot outoi dx£T£tvovTO xp6? t6v 
i'Azi £uptax6^£vov cptXoaocpov KaXXta0£VT]V. 

'0 KaXXtaOlvr^ Be (iTixov, oti Ta gXl^^aTa twv auvBatTU{i6vo)v ^aav 
laTpa[JL^£va xp6? auTov, i\(x~kri<jev outw?: 

(("Av y.aTa tyjv wpav TauT^v, w KXiwv, 6 £aaO,£u? £up(ay.£TO xaTa ttjv 
b[ki\i(zv aou, y.av£c? I? T)[xwv Blv tjto dvdyy.Y] vd aot dxavTT]C7T]' 8i6ti ixeTvo? 
6 't'Btog tj0£>.£ a£ Biay.6(^£c, ytTj ixiTpixwv Btd tououtov alc%gaq y.oXax£(a? vd 
y.aTaaTTjaYj togoutov jxtaTjT^v t6 ovoyta auTou' dXk' ^x£tB^j ^y£lvo? Blv dvat 
xapo')v, ly<J) OiXd) col axoyptG-p dvT' auTou. Aev dpvou^at, 0Tt 6 'AXI^avBpog 
slvat d^io? vd dxoXaur) oXwv twv tijjiwv, a'iTtv£? dvat BuvaT^v vd BoOwat xp6? 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 131 

av0pd)xov, dXk' uxdpxet pLeydXY] Btacpopd [xeTa^u tg>v Tt^wv, afatveq dvYj^ouat 
ToT<;0VYjTot?^ye^6at,KatTtoVTt^G)vd<;Ttva<; 6cpetXopi£v vd dxovl^w^ev xpo? 
Tou?0eou<;, icpoq ou<; elvat xpoaBtwpia^evot ot vaot, ot ^wpiot, ia 6u[xta- 
[JiaTa, a! xpoaeuxat xal at Guatat. Kat aiiTYj B' yj [xeTa^u twv 6sa>v 7.aTpeta 
Bta<pepet xaTd to pieyaXeiov, xat a? dxoBtBo^evat Tibial xp6q tov KdaTOpa y,at 
tov IIoXuBeuxYjv Bev elvat oyiotat ^poq ^S dxoBtBopiivac; tw Att xal tw 
*Ep(jiYJ. Ka6w<; Be Bev xpexet vd Taxetvw^iev uxo6t6d^ovTe<; toix; 0eouq 
e?<;TY)v Ta^tVTWV dvGpwxwv, outw Bev xpexet vd dvut^vw^ev y.at toix; 0vy]tou<; 
etq tyjv Ta£tv twv 0ewv, y,at vd pieTaBtBto^ev y.at %gbq oiXkouq laq xpoq au- 
Touq [xovov 6(petXoyieva<; Tt^dq. *0 'AXe£avBpo<; elvat dvayKptSoXcoqavcDTepoq 
twv dXXwv dvOpwxtov, elvat 6 pieyaXetTepo*; (jieTa^u twv (taatXewv, y,a£ 6 
ivBo?oT£po<; ^jLSTa^u twv vtxYjTtov, dXV elvat dv0po)xo<;. IIpoy.et^evou Be vd 
Xd6r] t6 ovopia tou 0eou, xpexet vd dxo6d)ofl xdv o,Tt exet 0vy]t6v, yj^juv Be 
auficpepet vd elvat y] t^(OYj auTou ^.axpa /.at euBatpitov. Ot "EX7,Y)ve<; Bev xpoae- 
^epav 0eta<; Tt^dc; xpoq tov *Hpa%Xea, etpiYj pieTa tov 0dvaTOV auTou, y.at 
tot£ ^ovov IXaTpeuaav auTov rke pY)Twg xpoq touto BteTax0Y)aav uxo tou 
XpYjajxou. 'AvacpepeTe to xapdBetypia twv IlepaoJv* aWa xoTe Yjy.oua0Y), 
OTt ot vevtxY]^evot xapeax°v vo^xouc; xpoq toix; vtxY)Ta<;; xat eToqa^ovqaapiev, 
PTt 6 'AXe^avBpoc; Bte6iq t6v *EXXy)jxovtov xa0uxoTaaa(ov tyjv 'Aatav ty) 
'EX^dBt *al ouxt tyjv 'EXXdBa ty) 'Ada;)) 

'O 'A>.e?avBpo<; Yjyavdy.iY)ae Ta (xeytaTa eVt ty) dvTtpp-fjaet tou KaX- 
Xta0evou<;, y.al i%i Ttva xpovov expu^e tyjv ext tout(j) 6pyYjv, dXV dy.oXou0G)<; 
^Bpd^aTO ty); eu/.atpta<; vd xpoad^f) ^wpiov TaxptXoaocpa) xat a't'cpvYji; oKaXXt- 
c0evY]<; dvaxaXuxTeTat wq auvevoxoq TY^q auvw^oataq, yjv dXeyeTO OTt BtYj- 
yetpev 6 *Ep|x6>,ao<;. 

'A^eawq 6 Buctux^ KaXXta0evYjq ipptcp0Y3 ev ifl cpuXa%Y], atBYjpa iTe0TQ- 
aav elq tou<; x6Ba<; auTou, xal axXYjpoTaTa PaaavtcrTYjpta uxeaTY), ex6ta^6- 
jxevoq vd 6^ioXoYY)aYj OTt yjto auvevoxo? dv tyj xaTa tou 'AXe^dvBpou auvw- 
piOCTta tou 'Ep^JLoXdou. Tiq B' y^to 6 *Ep[i6Xao<; outoc;; 

'Ax6 twv xpovwv tou <£tXtxxou ot utol twv ^xtaY)pLOTep(ov MaxeBovtov 
auyxaTeXeyovTO, y.aTa tyjv ecpY]6ov auTWV Y]Xt7,tav, dq xpoawxtXYiV 0epaxetav 
tou ^aatXewq, dpxo^evot outw tou GTpaTtwTtTcou auTwv aTaBtou. Ot veavtat 
B' ouTOt auvwBeuov tov gaatXea ev Tat? ^xaTpaTeiaiq y.al tofiq aXXatq 
dxoBYjpitatq auTou, ouTOt e^uXaTTOV auTov xotixw^evov, Y^aav cuYy,uvY)yeTat 
xal oyiOTpdxe^ot auTou, wc; M t6 xXelaTOV, /.at o5toi xpoaeqjepov touc; tx- 
xou? xp6«; t6v ^aat>,ea, Xa^6dvovTec; auTouq dxo twv Ixxoxo^wv' 6 Be ga- 
atXeu<; dva^oyox; ty}<; y,aTayo)yYJ<; twv xatBwv, 7,at dq dxYjTet xaTa to ^dXXov 
yj t^ttov f) OTpaTKOTtxi?) Qiaiq &pp6vTt^e xepl ty^c; dywyY)? 7,at ty)? awpiaTt- 
xy)c; auTtov dvaxTu^eax;, ext tout(j) xpoaxa^wv etg tyjv auMjv auTou ao^ouq 
dvBpaq ^ 'EUdBoq. 

EI? twv gaat^txtov toutwv xatBcov y^to %<x\ 6 *Ep^6>,ao(; ulbq tou Swxo- 
XtBo?, dpxiQyoO tyj<; 'AyLcptxoXtTty.Y3? 't^Yjq, tou i% twv NauTd/.(ov etqMaxe- 



132 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Bovtav dxoaTaXevToc; xpo<; vsoauXXs^tav aTpaToG. IltaToc; Be 6 'Epyi6Xao? 
pLa0TjT-rj<; toG KaXXtarOevou^, jast' iv0ouataa[xou xapeBe/eTO iaq B-rjyioxpa- 
Tntaq SBeaq tou BtBaaxdXou, xal ^st' dyavaxTTjaeax; dxepptxTS ttjv dxa?d- 
Xtjxtov 8t' auTov dvdpu^tv xal auyxwveuatv T0U " IlepatxoG ja£t<z tou *EXXtj- 
vtxoG aTotxetou. Suyxpovttx; Be xal fj dxo)^ou0o<; IBoOtj dcpopuvr) xp6<; dxo- 
xdXu<]jiv toG 6Xe0ptou xpdyu*aTO<;: 

'Eva) auve0Tjpeue xots 6 @>aatXeu<; yieTd tou *Ep^oXdou, cue, xapouctd- 
^£Tat ivwxtov ocutwv, xal 6 jjlsv *Epyi6Xaoq xapa6Xexo)v ttjv dxatTOu^sviQV 
e0i[AOTa£tav, dKovTiaa? xpa>Tog icpoveuaeTo 0Y]p(ov, 6 B' 'AXei;avBpo<; wg u6ptv 
exXa6wv t6 xpdypia, BteTalje vd (JtaaTtywOfj 6 evoxo<; ivwxtov twv auvou-tM)- 
xtov xal v' acpatpe0fj 6 Yxxoq auToG. *0 *Ep^6Xao<; xapopyta0el? iid tout<p 
&u.oae vd XdSfj <ppcxTTjv IxBcxTjatv, xal Btexotvwae ttjv xp60eatv auTOu xpoq 
TovSwaTpaTOv, utov toG 'A^jLuvToif'^Td toutwv Be auvevvoT]0T)(jav xaldXXot, 
xal 6 'AvTcxaTpog 6 u!6<;toG 'AaxTajxtoBupou, aaTpdxou ttj<; Suptac, dve- 
Xa6e ttjv BoXoipovtav xaTa ttjv vuxTa, xepte^Gouairjq ocutw ttj<; wpaq Tfjq q>u- 
XaxTjq. 

"Etu^s Be 6 'AXe£avBpo<; ttjv vuxTa exetviqv, Betxvwv xal auvBtaXey6yie- 
vo<; (X£Td twv cptXwv* e*x Suptac; Be Tig yuvr) dxo^ou0oGaa (b<; xpo^Ttg xal 
[jidvTic; tov aTpaTov xal dXeuOepax; xal dxwXuTGx; xpo<; t6v $aat\ea, Tju-epav 
xal vuxTa, xapouata^opievTj, xapacrudaa xaTa ttjv wpav ttj<; dva^topTjaekx; tou 
'AXe^dvBpou xapexdXeaev ocutov vd IX0tj xpoq tou<; auu*xoTa<; xal vd l£a- 
xoXou0tjctj £u0u^tov ^£t' (xutwv yixpt Tfjq xponaq, oxep xal exwXuae (JL£V e*xl 
toG xapovTo? ttjv IxTsXeaiv Tfjq auv(t)u,oa(a<;, TjTtq ou-wq xal Btexotv(o0Tj xp6$ 
tov IlToXeu.aIov 6x6 twv dXXwv cuvw^lotwv. 

IloX£^tx6v au^6ouXtov auv£xpoTTj0Tj iv tw djAa, iv w aiTOxpoffcoxw? 
xap£<TTTj (b? xaTTjyopoc; auToq 6 QzGi'keuq, outw B' 6 't'Bto<; l$£cppaa£ to xpdy- 
u.a ypdcpwv xpoq tov 'AvTtxaTpov: ((Ot \kh xalB£<; uxo MocxeBovwv iXi0o- 
6o>,Tj0Tjaav, tov Be aotptaTTjv lyw QeXm TtpuopTjasi xal tou<; xiu.^ aVTa ? «ut6v 
xal tou<; dxexBsxo^svouq £v TaT<; xo^eai, tou<; IxtSouXsuopilvouc; yiot)). 

'AXX* 6 Ka7v7,ta0£VTjg iT£X£UTTja£v £iz\ TeXoug, £V t^ (puXax^, BcapiapTU- 
p6[X£vo<; £xl Tfj d0o)6TTjTt auToG. Aiaaw^Tat Be dp^atov dvlxBoTov, otc 6 
KaXXca0£VTj<; ^TE^EUTTjaEV Iv Tfj cpuXaxfj uxlpxaxug yevou-svoi; xal cp6etptd- 
aa?. "Oxwq t,6t' dv t^, ouBev YjTc^aas ttjv yvcojjtTjv toG 'AXs^dvBpou Toaov, 
oaov T) Ttu-wp(a toG <pt7voa6<pou toutou. 

«'0 dBixo<; 0dvaTO<; toG Ka^Xta0lvou<;, "Xeyst 6 xal aXXw? yLtalXXiQV 
xal jitaaXs^avBpog (piXoao^ot; tt)<; Pw^xtj? Zevlxaq, slvai aiwvtoq D^y^o*; 
xal piwyLOf; xaTa toG 'AXe^dvBpou, ov Bev BuvavTat vd ^aXsi^axrtv outs Ta 
axdvta xpoTspTj^xaTa, outs a! xoXs^cxal xal evBo^ot auToG xpd$st<;)). 

Kal TaGTa \Lkv Ta iv oixoysvetaxw xuxXq) BtaBpau.aTta0lvTa 6x6 tou 
'AXs^dvBpou xaTa Ta MapdxavBa 9] Zapcaaxa. 'AXk' ot SxuOat xal 6 
SxtTau-^vTjq Tt dxeyscvav; 

Ot SxuOat Betvwq xaTaBtG)x6(xsvot 6x6 tou dxlvavtt tou SavdtBoq 'AXs- 




O AAE2ANAP0Z EIZ THN KHAEIAN TOY KAEITOY 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 133 

JjdvBpou, iTpaxiQaav elq (puyriv, xal cx £ ^ ov ot piev ££ auT&v exsaov (A£Ta tou 
c^pXTOyou SaTpdxou, ice pi to us txaTOV x£VTY]xovTa 8' if]X(i.aX<!)T(ff8Y)crav. *Hto 
Be piiyas 6 xauacov, xal 6 cTpaTcx; oXo<; xaT£tx£TO 6x6 Btyiqs 0908 pag, 6 8' 
'AXe!jav8pos irjvayxd<j0Y) va xtfl t6 xpoaruxov uBwp tyj<; yrj? i%zivr\q' f]TO Be 
xovvjpov to uBwp ixecvo, Xeyet 6 'Apptavoq, xal e*v t<5 a^xa aSpoov xaxaxtxTe 1 
elq tt?)V yaaTepa auTou, e*5 o5 xal BtexoxYj yj xaTa8to)£t<;, et Be (ay), 8v Bev 
iqcr0£V£t, wgixTouTou 6 'AXe^avBpoi;, ot2xu0at ^OeXov <pov£U0fj <$>£uyovT£<;. 
Kal auTO<; 8' 6 'AXe^avBpo*; et<; yiiyav xepteXScbv xfvBuvov, £xoyita0Y) oxtaw 
e?s to aTpaToxeBov. 

Ilepl to 0£po<; tou erou<; 327 x. X. 6 'AXI^avBpot; BtaSag xal a50t<; to 
oxupov optov tou 'IvvtxouKauxdaou, Btacpopoug exotrjaaTo ixtSpo^iac; extxt- 
xt(i)v xaTa twv 6petV(ov <puXo>v xal e'xt^epcov rfjv igr\\x(a<siv xal tov oXeBpov 
xaTa Ta v6xia yipY). 

Ta ataa 8* £?YjxoXou0Y)as xparctov xal xaTa Ta x£ptxwpa t^? Ka6ou- 
Xiq<; xaxa t6v ctxoXouBov ^etpiwva, x potato t;xa^eTO 8£Y]8y) va ixtxetpYjafl veav 
ixaTpaTEtav xaTdTYJs-'IvBtas' 8u<jtux<o<;o[jlo>c;6 (JTpaToq TwvMaxeBovwvaxw- 
Xeae xoXu e*x tt)<; xpoxepa^ auTou £v£pyY]Ttx6TY]TO<; xal tou xapaxrfjpoq <*>S 
£* T^<;Tpu9TqXYJ<; £(i)Y)<;, y)v Btyjyev e*v 'Acta. At dBtdxoxot [idxat xal ot pi6x0ot 
ty)<; 68otxoptas cfy-qxav ^eya xevov 4v auTw. 

Kal {Aepos {Aev tou crcpaTOu dxoaxaaOev ex tou oXou Bteptetvev £v Tat? 
<ppoupat<; xal toT<; cuvotxtcrfJiot<; t<ov veoxTtjTWv xoXewv, oXoxXiqpov Be Tay^ia 
i% BexaTeaaapojvx^taBwvdvBpwvxpoaBtwptaGirj xpog e^aa^aXtatv tou "Q?ou, 
wjts xtBavojc; outs to Yj^xtau tou BteXOovTo? tov *EXXif]axovTov cxpaTou Bev 
eVetvev, a*XX' axaaac at eXXet^et? auTOu auv£xXY]p(o0Y)crav ex v£o<7uXXIxto>v 
iyx^ptav. Ileptspyov B' OTt 6 xal T"r)v arj^epov 'AyyXo-'IvBtxoi; CTpaxo? 
6u.ota^£t xp6<; T^VTOTei^ iyx^ptwv xatMax£86vd)v axoT£Xo6[X£vov aTpaxov, 
xal <puatx(i) T(p X6y(p o2 axpaTttoTat, auax £Tta "QevTe(; jiexa tg>v iyxwptwv yu- 
'vatxwv iyivovTO ccpx^Y * V£(ov auu-(JLtxTG)v y£v£(ov. *Yxapxouat 8£ cpuXal £*v 
Tf) xotXaBt tou "Q?ou £Tt xa! vuv iyxaux^u^vat, otc xaTdtyovTat £X twv Ma- 
x£86vG)V xoX£U.taTd)v* xal t6 6vo(xa tou ^£ydXou 'AXE^dvBpou *Iax£vB£p Bta- 
<j(i)^£Tat xap' auxoT<; {j,£Ta xot/,tX(ov {JiuGwBwv cu[x6£6'T]7,6t(i)v xat extxXduTWv 
BtTQyrjaewv, ^5 e , X£tvwv aq c?vaytvwjxo[X£V iv Tfj xotvwc; <pepou.£VY) Byj^wBet 
taTopta tou 'AXfi^dvBpou, xaptaTa[JL£Vou dq utou tou ^dyou N£X,Tava6ou. 



KE3>AAAION Z'. 



*H 'IvSikA jcwpa.— Oi tvxtvQty <vov 'Iv5ov dy^ve^.— e H 5td(3adiq xov 
9 Iv5ov.— SrpaTda *po<; <c6v e Y5dd*nv.— O Aye^v *c5v Ta£wU>v.— 
no^o^KaTdTov^ada^ IIcopov. — Map Ttapd t6v e Y5dd*nv. 
'Aycov^ Ka-cd <c(5v toxMgw fyvX&v.—'H d<c 9 <md crapd <tdv "T^adtv.— 
'ErridTpo^n. 

INAIKHeIvat3t6(jy.o<;?8t- 

atTspoq. Ata to cBcop- 

pu8[A0V TYJc; 9UC7£0)<;, TOO 

xXif]0uc:^ou.TY]q 8pTjax.ec- 
ag xal toD xoXtTtJfxou 
auTTjg xavTaxaac %e^<i>- 
ptfftxIviQ, ^to exc a to vac; 
xaT'ovopia jiovov yvwaTf) 
e?<; ttjv 'Eaxeptav TYJq 
dpxacoTTjTog xac pLOVOV 
wq ^wpa tg>v OaupidTwv 
xaTa ttjv dvaToXcxTjv 
sa/aitav ttjc; yfjc;. 

Auo xXcupac auTTjc; 
xsptxXu^ovrat uxo wxs- 
avwv, Bca twv oxocwy 
6'^e (jlovov tj (JioLAirjxavia 
xac t) ixtjTYj^Y) e^XXov 
va Stavot^axjc Tac; oBou<; e?<; tt^v eux£p £ ff™~Tjv xac da9aX£- 
aTaTr ; v auyxotvwvcav* xaT'aXXas BuoxXeupa<; avu^ouvxat 
(bq BcxXouc; xac TptxXouc; x£? ''60X0 <; 6x£poyxa opTj, dxo 
tcz O^TjXoTaTa tt)<; yfj<;, Be' wv xtovo6XiQTa <jt£v« xpo<; 
@oppav xac cpXoyepal Btaa9ay£<; xpcx; Bua^ag xapixou- 
acv exfxovov BcoBov txovov etc; tov euaeS-fj xpoaxuvTjTTjv 
etc; tov xXavrjTa '£\lt.o?ov xac tov XyjaTTjv ttjc; ipr^ou, 
ouxc Be e?<; tyjv xayx6j[itov auyxotvwvtav twv I6v«v. 

'O Be xXTj0ua^.6<; ttjc; 'IvBtxfjc;, 09* otou exauaev avrjxwv et<; eauTov, 
ccxuXeae xal auTOc; 6'c'Btoc; ttjv dvd[j.vTjatv ttjc; tJToptac; tou, fyutq X£pfrjX0£V e?q 
auyx^acvxac" xaTeXYjJjev ec<; 9avTaatoxoxTj(JiaTae , JT£pTjtJievaxp6vou *<*l X<*>P° J " 
aXXaxpoTyyecTat 0[i63<; auT(ovxapcX66v tc tJ^ydXwvxac" xocxcXwv e^eXccJecov, 
tj yev£jcc; xa? dx[x^j twv 6pTjaxeuTtx<bv, cepapxtxwv xac xoXctcxwv 8£ati<I)v s 
otTtv£<; dxeTeXsaav tov cBcatT£pov xapaxTTj pa tou ?vBcxou xoajjioi). 





ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 135 

_Outo? Bs £>£aoupdvsi xal Bsv slxev ouBs @Tj[xa, <pa(vsTat, xaTsX0fl xp&? 
Ta xaTw, ots sIBsv aiiTov 6 MaxsBwv xaTaxTY]TTj?, 6 xpWTO? EupwxaTo?, oaTt? 
sups ttqv xpd? Ta? 'IvBca? odov. 

Eups ttjv Gsaiv, YJTt? slvai w? xuXtq rq? 'IvBtxrj? x w P a S« 'EvxaDOa xoTa- 
[kbq BcappiqyvuEi to opstvov xp6x<*>^a to x<i>p(£ov tttjv 'IvBixiqv dxo ttj? *E<jxs- 
pca?. IlTqyd^wv ix twv u'^iqXwv 6p£wv, oxou Ixouat xXtqjcov dXXirjXwv Ta? xyj- 
yd? twv Ta uBaTaTTJ?'ApsiavYJ?xal BaxTptavr)?, 6 Kwcpirjv Bisu0uv6[isvo? xpo? 
dvaToXd?i xapaXafxSdvsi xoXXd xapaxoTa^jua dxo @oppd xal Eicr6dXXsi s?? 

TT)V XO(tTJV»TOU (<TX u P°"J 'IvBoO. MaTYJV U^OU^EVOC £X Be^IWV XOCl dplffTSpWV 

tou Butixou toutou xoTajxou o! ayptwTaTOt @pdxoc Biavocyouatv d? tov op- 
[jLY]Tt"/6v aiiTOu pouv (Jtevt^v xoiXdBa, tjv BcaBEXETai y) 9acBpd xEBtd? tou II s- 
axa6ap, Be' fj? xaT£px£Tat ti? e(? tttjv eu<popov xal Tpoxix-f)v x^pav rrj? 'Iv- 
Bixi)?. 

'AXX' dx6(jnq Bsv elvac y) dXYjOr^? 'IvBcxt?) sVcauGa Biavoiyo^svY)* ot xevte 
xoTajiol tou IlavB^dx, at xXYj(X(Jiupac twv Ospcvwv (jiyjvwv, t) supsta ^wvyj ttj? 
xpo? dvaToXd? xal votov ipif){i.ou xaOiaTwai Ta BuTtxd rq? 'IvBcxyj? Bsutepov 
xpoxupyiov rrj? ispd? x^pa? tou rdyyou. @d sXsyETt?, oti yj qjuat? tqOsXyjjs 
vd xpo<puXd£r) xaTa to BuvaT&v dyaxrjTov ti xXdajxa dx6 twv xcvBuvwv, e?? 
ou? yjvoi^s BfoBov. MsTa tt)? xwpa<; tou rdyyou auvdxTSTat o,Tt [isya xal 
Ispov E^Et o 'IvB6?. 

'Exst dxixcopcdl^Et tj dpxatoTaTY) suasSi?)? xcctc? xal tj auaTYjpd Bcdxpcai? 
twv Ta?£0)v twv dx6 TOuBpdx^a xaTayoiXEVwv' ixei eIve Ta tspWTaTa xpocxu- 
VYj^aTa xal 6 xoTa^oq tou YiytaapiEVou uBaTO?' a! 8e xp6<; Bua^d<; T^ipYjpLou 
cpuXaf, dv xal o^oyEVEcq xat 6(i.66piQffX0t, xapE^sxXtvav ir\q auffTY]pd<; dyv6- 
ttqto? tou 0e(ou vo^jlou. Aev dxEcpuyov tVjv ixa^v xp6<; t6v e^w xoj^jlov, ouBe 
Bt£(puXa^av oute ttjv d£ioxp£xsiav ir\q PaaiXtx^? i^ouataq outs ttjv dyv6- 

TY]Ta TWV Td^EWV OUTE t6 dVEXC^JLlXTOV XpO? TOU? dxaOdpTOU? Xal (JLt(7Y]TOU<;^E- 

vou?, oxsp slvat 6 opo?, tj da^dXsta xal r] axoBsi^t? tou tspou @(ou' execvoi hk 
elvat ol EX9UX0C xal elq tou? ^evou? xapaBsBo^EVOt. 

Outco? slxov Ta xpdy^aTa tjStj ^xl 'AXs^dvBpou. 01 tote iv t-r x^P a 
tou Tdyyou X(av xpOYjy^svot ^pax(xavixol Xaol 'Apsca? xaTaywyrj?, eIxov 
Xifja(JLovT]aTr) oti xal auTOi xots xaTwxY]aav ev t^ x^P a twv ((xevte xoTajxtiv)), 
xal 0Tt e?" d^Lvr^ovsuTWv xP°vo>v yiETavaaTEuaavTE? ^X0ov Bid rrj? Butixyj? 
ixsfviQ? xuXiq?, xaG' 5c BuvaTa^ ti? psSatw? vd au[ixspdvfl xspl twv xaXaio- 
Tspwv auTwv otxrjjEwv A* twv 6vo^,aTwv twv ^vBo^oTaTWv auTwv ysvwv, twv 
Btaaw^o^Lsvwv xapd t6v t Q^ov xal 'Ya^dpTiqv. 

MsTdTTjv (JiETavdaTEuacv toutwv s^XOov ixslasaXXot Xaol'Apsta? yXw<j- 
otj? xal BtatTTQ?' dXX' execBt?) Bev rjaav (axupol xpo? (xsydXa ToX[XY)tAaTa ouB' 
dpxouvTW? ^xtx £t P^^ a Ttxot, xaps^iEtvav [jiETa twv xot^xvfwv sxl twv 6pstvwv 
voyiwv twv xapd tov Kw^va xal Ta xapaxoTa(xta auTou ^sxpt tou 'IvBou. 

'A?' ou B'sxstTa 'taxuasv r} 'Aaaupca. op^Ostaa £% tou TiyprjTo?, xaTE- 
xtt^e xal t6 supu ^aOuxsBov t^? 2up(a?.xal t6 6^^xeBov ttj? 'ApEtavij?. 



136 ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

'AXX'yj He[Lig<x\xtq, xaG'd XeyeTat, elBe xapd tyjv yecpupav tou 'IvBou Td? 
xa^nrjXou? tyj? BuTtx-rj? epYj(jiou cpeuyouaa? xpo twv eXe^dvTwv rrj? tvBtXYj? 
'AvaToXfj?. M£Ttz TauTa exfjXOov ot MrjBot xat ot Ilepaat' dxo Be twv xpovwv 
tou Kupou xaTaXeyovTat et? ^ev Td? aaTpaxeta? tou xpaTou? xat yj Tavb^pa, 
et? Be tov Ilepaixov <jtp<zt6v tou Eep£ou ot TavBaptot xat dXXot 'IvBot. 

*0 Be Aapeto? exe^ev ex tyj? xoXew? auTOu KaaxaTupou — xt0avd>? 
Ka6ouX' — dvBpa w EXXYjva sec; tov 'IvBov, Yva xaxaxXeuaYj aiiTov yiexptTY)?0a- 
XdaoYjq, xat exetTa exaveX0Yj dta tyj? 'ApaStxYj? GaXdaaYj?, xat ix TYj?dxo- 
cttoXyj? TauTYj? BuvaTat Tt? vd ^avTeuaYj Td pieydXa a^sBta tou [JieydXou @a- 
atXeo)?' dXX' ot dytive? tyj? Ilepata? ot ev tyj 'Eaxepta xat yj Taxeto? ixeXGou- 
aa xapax^ tou xpaTou? Bev exexpe^e tyjv sxxXyj pwatv auTwv. 

OuBsxots Yj)e£ouata tg>v 'AxatjxevtBwv e?"eTaGYj fjixpt t&v xepav tou 
'IvBou' t) xapd tou? xpoxoBa? tou Ilapoxa^taou xeBtd?, yj xeptexouca tou? 
BuTtxonaTou? xXdBou? tou tvBtxou xXyjGu<7[aou, yjto yj TeXeuTata x^P a » 
yjv xaxstxov ot (JieydXot @a<rtXet?' exeTGev xaTYjyovTo ot £Xe<pavTe? tou 
TeXeuTatou ^acrtXeo)? twv Ilepawv, ot xponot, ou? elBev yj 'Eaxepta' jjl£t' 
auTwv ^£Tsax ov 1^1$ e y rauya[XYjXot? ^dx?)? ot 'IvBot «ot oiiopot tyj? Bax- 
Tptavrj?)) uxo tov BYjaaov, xat ot dpstvol 'IvBot uxo tov BapaaevxYjv tov aa- 
TpdxYjv tyj? 'Apax<*>ata?. 

Ilepav Be tou 'IvBou uxYjpxs a£tpd dve?"apTYjTG)v xoXtTetwv, yjti? IJeTei- 
v£to ext twv X£VT£ xoTa^wov xpo? dvaToXd? ^ev piixpt tyj? epYjt^ou, xp6? vo- 
tov Be ^ixpt T ^ v ex6oXa>v tou 'IvBou, xat dxeTeXet cu^xXey^a (Jitxpwv xal 
tJeydXwv eOvwv, Yjys^ovtwv xat B^oxpaTtwv, xotxtXov xpapia xoXtTtxyj? Btat- 
peaewq xat 6piQffX£UTtx^<; auyxuaswq, ouBev aXXo xotvov Ix°v, ei^ ^ v apiot- 
6atav ^TjXoTuxtav xat tyjv dBtdXstxTov svaXXayrjv dxt'jTwv au{L[i<xy,i(dv xal 
tBtoTsXwv eptBwv. 

'0 'AXs^avBpoi; (xsTa tyjv uxoTayYjv tyjc; SoyBtavrj? auvsxXYjpwae tt?jv 
xaTdXYjtjiiv tou Ilspatxou xpaTou?, y^ Bs aaTpaxeta tou Ilapoxa^juaoj y^ ev 
eT£i 329 xaTaXYj<p6£taa, ev y^ sxtics tyjv 'AXe^dvBpetav tyjv uxo tov Kauxa- 
aov, G)pta0Yj dq dtpeTYjpta tyj<; exl tyjv 'IvBtxYjv excrTpaTetai;. TauTYj? yj aTpaxt- 
WTtxY) xat xoXtTtxYj evvota Bev XeyeTat ^jtev ev touq xYjyat? y)(jlwv, dXX' i^dye- 
Tat dpxouvTOx; ex ttj<; dXXYjXoux'a? twv k^q yeyovoTwv. 

*0 'AXe^avBpoq elxev yjByj auvd^Y) xoXXdq ax^asiq \xk tou<; xepav tou 
'IvBou' ihii))q Be cxouBalat Y^aav at xpo? t6v Y)ye^6va twv Ta^tXwv. Touto 
t6 ^aatXetov exetTO i%\ ttj? dvaxoXtxyj? ox^fjq tou 'IvBou, dxevavxt tyj? au[JL- 
SoX-rjc; tou Ko)q>r}voq xoxa^ou, i^eTetvexo Be dvaToXtxw? xpo? tov *YBd<JXYjv 
xal elxev exxaatv YjTt? ixptveTO 'taYj xpo?*TYjv rrj? AtyuxTOu. 

*0 iQye^wv outo?, Btaxet[xevo? ^ev ex^P^w? xpo? xoXXou? tg>v Yjye^o- 
va>v auTOu, tBtw? Be t6v E[aoupd6av, y) IIwpov xapd tov *YBdaxYjv, 6pey6^e- 
vo? Be vd exexTetvYj t6 xpaTo? auTOu xapextvYjae t6v ^aatXea BtaTpt^ovTa 
£v t^ SoyBtavn vd ixcTpaTeuaYj xaTa ty]? 'IvBtxY^?, ^eSatwaa? oTt etvat xpo- 
0uu.o? dxo xotvou vd xoXejiYjaYj xpo? tou? 'IvBou?, oaot Yj0eXov ToX^aet vd 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 137 

avitUTaOwatv dq auTov. *YxYJpxe Be ev Tfj dxoXouGia toG ^aaiXsax; xat tqys- 
yuov Tiq ex. ir\q eVueuGev tou 'IvBou xwp a ?> o 2igixotto<;, oaxts ore (jiv ot Ma- 
xeBove^ xpOYjXauvov ex, tyjs 'Apaxtosia<;, dxfjXGev eig tyjv BaxTpiavYjv xpo<; 

tov Bfjaaov, exeiTa Be, cfyou yj exixeipYjaisTouTou eXa6ev oiXTpovTeXoq, eTpd- 
xtq xpoq tov vixyjtyjv xai tou Xoixou eGepdxeuev auTov ^eTa xistyj<; d^oatwje- 
(oq. ToiauTaq exwv ax£a£t? 6 'AXe£avBpo<; igBuvaxo vd XdSrj dpxouaac; xXyj- 
po^opiaq xepl twv cvBi/,(i>v xpay^dicov xai xepi tyj<; 9uae(o<; to? %k>pa<; xai 
twv xaTOixwv auTYJg, iva opiafl yL£Tdc Tivog dzpi6eia<; tyjv xopecav tyj<; (JTpa- 
Teia<; auTOu xai id? ei<; auTYjv dxaiTOu^ivac; xapasxeudq xai Buvd^eiq. 'Ex 
B& twv xapaaxeuwv twv yevo^ievtov xaTa to TeXeiiTaTov £to<; Suvaxai 
vd evvor)(jY) ti? xoaov opGtiq e£eTi(XY}<je Tac; xpoaBoxG)^eva<; Suaxepeiag. *0 Bia- 
Geaipioq axpaToq, oaxic; yieTd tyjv e^ovxaxjiv tyj<; xspaixijc; e£ouaia<; Bev yjto 
dvdyxY) vd eivat xai xoXu cxouBaioq, iva uxoTa^rj ^juav exdtiTTqv T<i>v aaTpa- 
xetwv, x£ptopi^6^£vo<; elq tyjv Buva^iv, ocjyjv efye xaTa Td B6o TeXeuTaia Ittq 
ev tyj Bax.Tptavfj, Bev yjto exapxYjs elq xoXe^ov evavTiov tg>v xoXuavGpwxwv 
xai xoXXouq xoXe^Krudc; exovTWV ivBixwv xpaxwv. 

Eivai ^iv dXY]0£<; oti xaxd x'XidBat; xpoaYjpxovTO dq tyjv 'Aaiav veo- 
cuXXexTOi, to jjisv MaxeBoveq uxoxpeoi, <!><; <paiveTai, eiq tyjv axpaTitoTixYjv 
uxYjpeaiav, to Be ©paxec;, 'Aypidveq xai "EXXirjvec; (juaGotpopoi, Xa9upo)v xac 
86§tq<; BsXsa^o^evoi, outgx; costs 6 dpxixoq dgi%\xbq toov 35,000 xoXe^iaTwv, 
(jlsO' off(ov rjpxiffev 6 'AXe^avBpoq tov xoXe^iov to> 334, ev to> BiaaTYj^axi 
twv ej exwv 6d eBixXaaidaOiQ xapd taq axoXeiaq, oaaq expo^evY]aav oi 
dBidXeixTOt dywvec;, a\ xopelai Bid /tovocrxexwv opewv xai epYjjxwv, ai xXi^a- 
Tixal Btacpopai xai rj guxvtq dvOuyieivY) Biacxa ex Te tyj<; evBeiat; xai TY^q Ba- 
(JuXetaq twv xpoq to ^v. 

'AXXd xpwxov txev 6 BaaiXeu? dxecrueiXev oTxaBeTOuq w EXXr]va<; xa^ 
©eaaaXouc; Gu\L[kdxouq, exeiTa Be oux oXiyot cTpaTitoTat xaTeXei<p6Y)aav hq 
(ppoupai dq Tdq xaTaxTY)6eiaa<; x&paq xai Td ev auTaig xuptwTaTa 6p[xiqttq- 
pia. Movtq yj exixpdxeia tyj<; BaxxpiavYJ? expaTYiae aw^a 10,000 xe^wv xai 
3,500 ixxscov' waauTOx; oux oXiyai Buvd^ei<; 'Apax^Twv, y^to avdyxiq vd 
8ia^i£vo)aiv ev 'AXe^avBp£ia, sv 'Ex6aTdvoi<;, BaBuXwvi, AiyuxT(p, dv xa£ 
slvai xiGavov oti ai [Lev BuTixai jjLaXiaTa ixapxiai auv£xXY]pa>vov Ta<; qjpou- 
pd<; a^TWV oxi ex tyjc; ^eydXifjc; GTpaTidq, dXX' £^ auTYjv tyj<; EupwxY^q' %<x- 
piv B£ty}<; ivBixy]<; exaxpaTsia*; 6 @acjiX£uc; £vcax u(j s ^°v CTpaTOV auTOu £X twv 
^.ax^wv Xawv ty)c; 'Ap£iavYj<; xai ty^<; x£pi tov 7 Q£ov %&paq. 'AXXd xat 
^ocvixec;, Kuxpioi xai AiyuxTiot oxi 6XiYapi0^ot uxyjpxov s'v T(p aTpaxw, 
(b? 6d dxoBeixGrj xpoaexw? xaTa tov s£oxXi<t^6v tou 'IvBixoD ctoXou. "Axa- 
ca Be i) Suva^it; tou GTpaToG, xaG' ov xpovov xaTexXes tov 'IvBov, csviQpxeTO 
xaT' da^aXfj Tiva [xapTuptav ei<; 120,000 (xaxiQTwv. 

• BXexo^ev oti 6 GTpaTO<; o5to<; xaTa \xkv t6 uXixov Sev ^to •luXeov eXXig- 

vopiaxeBovixof;, dXX' y^to o^xox; xaTa tov opyavia^ov auTOu* t6 Bs yeyovoq, 

Tt aie^e^fjs aTpaTeiai Bie^xGYjaav Bid toutou tou GTpaTou, extTpexsi vd 



138 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOT AAESANAPOY 

i^aydyw^EV dacpaXYJ au[xx£pa<j(jLaxa xsp! tyj? dxpaBdvTOu xstSapxta?, TC£pl 
ttj? 8totxY)<j£G><; xal opyavtapiou ty}? GTpaTtd?, x£pl tou d£t(D[iaTO<; to>v dp- 
^tqY^v xal xpo xavTG)v xepl tou aTpaTtarnxou xveujJiaTO? xal ttj? dxpa? txa- 
v6ttqto? tou ca)[j.aToq twv d£tc>piaTtx<i)V. 

Kal xept fi£V toutwv slvat dXY)0£? oti at auyxpovot rcapaBocet? <jx £ ^ov 
ouBsv Xeyouatv, dXX* slvat o^G>?TauTa xdvxa dxapatxYjia xpo? dxapTta^ov 
tyj? CTpaTtGmxY]? xa! ?<jTopixTJ? etxovo? tou 'AX^dvBpou. *0 GTpaTo? ou- 
to?, oaTt? xap£Xa6e toctoutov xXy)6o? ^svwv utoixemv eVuo? t<ov CTaOspwv 
optwv tou [laxeSovixou dpyaviqjioO xal d^wjxocwasv auTa, dxiSiQ 6 xupiqv xat> 
Sv ixtTpixTQTat vd eTxG>pL£V, y) gx°^) TY K (JU?£XXiqvtxY)? BtaxXdcreo)?, YjTt? ou 
fxovov e\ tyj? <pua£G>? tou vlou xpdTou? dvayxatco? e^YjyeTO, dXXd xal jjiovyj 
yjto ixav?) vd BTq^toupyifjaY] aiiTo. 

To oti Be 6 'AXe£avBpo?, oxw? Ixpa?£v £v AtyuxT<p xal eV Tat? Uupta- 
xat? x^P at< S> oxco? svtw 'Ipdv xal iv ty) BaxTptavf), out<o xaT^Xtxe xal e*v tyj 
'IvBtxfj %iXtdBa? twv (jLaxTQT&v auTou <b? cppoupdv xal <b? xoXtTa? tg>v vewv 
x6X£G)v, xal dvT* auxwv xaplXa6£v et? tov CTpaT6v xoXuapt0[jioTepou? 'A<jt- 
avou?, touto dxoBEtxvu£t x£ptcr(j6T£pov xavTo? dXXou tyjv ToXjjnqpdv XoytxYjv 
dxoXouGtav twv @ouXeu[iaTG>v auTou xal ty)v xexotOiqctv e!? 6p06TY)TaxalTYjv 
Buva^tv auTwv. 

Kal £VT£u6sv xaTavo£c Tt?, oti 8ev dxsTpdxiQ tou gxoxou, 6opu6Y]6e2^ 
6x6 tyj? dvTt<7Tda£G><; yjv dx£X£tpdOr] yj ^ax£§ovcxYj dy£po>xca xal to <ptX£- 
X£uG£pov eXXY}vtx6v xv£U[JLa. 'AXXd X£xot6o)? et? tyjv Buva^tv tyj? ixiTaxTi- 
xyj? auTou xpoawxtxoTYjTO?, ^to ge6ato<; oti tJGsXev dvayxdast xdaav uxs- 
po^cav xa£ p.ixpo^uxiav vd 6xo6Xtq0^ eiq tov pouv tyq 0£Xy3ct£G)<; auTou. 

lUpl Ta tIXyj tou lapo^ tou 337, 6 'AX^avBpos dv£^£u?sv ix tyj^ Bax- 
Tptav^q. At 6p£iva& 6Bot, a'tTtvs*; xpo Buo ^twv xap£axov eiq auTov tocou- 
touc; xoxou<;, ^aav Twpa dxY]XXay(xlvat tt)<; x tovo ?> ^ a ^ ^xtTY]B£ta uxyjpxov 
d'90ova. Atd ^paxuT£pa<; 81 6Bou (X£Td Bexa Yj^sptav xop£tav e<p0aasv slq ttqv 
x6Xtv *AX£^dvBp£tav, X£t^ji£VTQV ixi ty]<; ^JL£(7Y)[jL6ptv^c; xXtTuo<; tou opoug. 

l BaatX£u<; B£V eup£V auTYjv outgx; Ixouaav, oxw? xpoa£B6xa* Btd touto 
6 N£tX6^£vo<; ogiic, hkv ecxsv IxxXtq pw jtq Ta BtotxYjTtxd tou xaOifjxovTa p.£Td 
ty)<; xpoaY]xouaY)<; X£ptax£^£d>g xat BuvdpiEox;, dx£XuOY5* (buauTox; Bs xal 6 
Ilipcjr^ IIpo£qY]<; dxISaXs to d^(a>u.a auTou (b<; caTpdxou Td>v Ilapoxa^t- 
aaBwv. *0 xX^Ouapio? iqu^tqGtq ^x twv XEptxwpwv, ix Bs tou CTpaTou xapi- 
^£tvav ^v auTf] ot dxopiaxot. 

*0 Ntx,dvG)p, el? twv ETafpwv, StoptaOet<; BtotxiQTrjg ttjc; x6X£to<; xa? dp- 
X"oy6c;TY)(; (ppoupd?, IXaSsTYjv ^vtoXtqv vd 9povTta]Q oxo)? £?axoXou0Tjafl "^ o(- 
xooo(xi?) T-rjt; xoXewc;. *0 @Y]p£d(7XY}(; sXa6e tyjv caTpaxdav tyj? ^wpaq, 
Y]Tt? tou Xotxou Iti£XXe vd ly.TQ optov t6v xoTa[xov Koxp-^va. *0 Be 'AX^av- 
Bpo? Bt£X6wv tyjv wpafav tocutiqv xoXuavO-g xat xapxo<popov x^P av e^Oaas 
xaxd t6 xpwTOV elq tyjv Ntxafav. At 6uafat at xpoa£V£X0£taat zlq ttjv 'A6if]vdv 
iaYju-atvov xaxd t6 etwOoq tyjv Ivap^tv via? dpyaata?. 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 139 

'0 CTpaxoc; exXYjafaaev elq Ta opta twv Ilapoxa^uaaBtoV, tcc oxoia 6d 
Yjaav exsl, oxou IXyjysv yj ava> xeBtd? tou Kg^tjvo?. 'EvTauOa 6 supu? yjBtq 
ysvo^svo? xoTa^o? ei'aspx 5 ™ 1 elq tyjv @pax<*>BY] xoiXdBa, yjti? elvac <1><; xuXtq 
tyj? x^P a ? T °u 'IvBou. Kai xaTd ^£v tyjv (A£aY]^6pcvYjv auTou oxSyjv sxtec- 
vovTat a! dvTY)p(8e<; tou u^yjXou SeqrtS-Kou, aiTive? dxo tou Adxa (Jiey.pc 
tou cppoupcou tou 'ATaj MsB^k xal tou A^ajJipouB 6X(yov Tt xpo tou Ilea- 
aaSdp ax^^aTt^ouatv eVc tyj? Bs^id? ox6y]? tou xoTapiou Ta aTsvd tou Xa'tp* 
xap, s'xovTa [Lr}Y.oq exTa (iiXtuv* ixl Bs ttj<; dpcaTspd? auTou oxQyjc; xoXXal 
xal ou (iixpai BtaxXaBwastc;, ex<pu6^svac dxo Tfjq u^yjXtj? ascpdg tg>v Butcx&v 
'I[xaXat(i)v, xaTspxovTai dxo $oppd (bq ^dvBaXoc ^sxP'S auTYJ? tyj? oxQyj?. 
'0 Xod^T-^; Ka[X£ yj Kouvdp xaldvaTo^txwTspov 6 Toupatoq YjIIavB^xopd 
d(j.<p6Tspoc jji£Td xoXXwv xapaxoTajjuwv xal xoiXdBwv ax Y ]i JLaT ^ 0U(Tt T # xoXXd 
opstvdc Bca^spcapiaTa TauTY]? tyj? x^P a ? TT K M 1 ^ T0 ^ £ T °u 'IvBou)), yj? o! 
xaToixoc x£ptXa^6dvovTat 6x6 to ovo^xa 'Ax6dxa, av xal Ta xa0' exaaTOV 
Bca^spc^aTa, TsXouvTa (b? £%i to xXsictov 6x6 't'Biov Y)Y£^6va, exouat Td iBc- 
aiT£pa auTwv ovojxaTa. 'Ev aiiTfj Bs Tfj xocXdBt tou K<i)<pijvo<; xaTOixouatv 
o! 'AaaaxTQvot, xtGavax; 6vo^aa0EVTs<; outox; Biotc xaTOtxouac xpo<; Bua[id<; 
tou 'IvBou. 

'O 'AXe?av8po<; exs(i<J>ev ex Tfjq Ncxaia? XYjpuxac; xp6<; tou? 'IBou? Yjys- 
fxova? tou? Bsaxot^ovTa? xaTa t6v xaT(*> pouv tou KoxpYjvo? xal tyjv oxGyjv tou 
'IvBou, xpoaxaA&v auTou? vd IXGwai xpo? auTov, iva xpoacpepwat to cs6a? 
T(ov. Kat ^X0£v 6 yjY£[awv twv Ta?(Xwv xat xoXXot dXXot Yjys^ovsq ttj? x^- 
pa? £% twv ^vteuGev tou 'IvBou xaTd t6v xo[xxwStq Tpoxov twv 'IvBwv Y)Y£[Jl6- 
vo)v, 6xou^£vot £xt X£xoa^jiY]|jL£va)v dXE^dvTcov xa^ jjl£t« xoXut£Xou<; dxoXou- 

KopLtuavT£<; §£ xXouata §djpa Bid tov ^aaiXia e^oxav eiq auT^v Touq 
tStou? ^XIcpavTa?, eixocixIvte tov dptO^ov, Vva tou^ ^£Tax£tpi<T0fj eiq o,Tt 
OeXst. 'O 'AX^avSpoc; EBifjXwaEV ei? auTou?, otc i^Xxfe BtapxouvToq tou- 
tou tou 0£pouq, vd £[pY3V£uar] tyjv ^JLexP 1 Tof J 'IvBou x^pav xat oti tou? yiv 
elq auTov £(JLcpavta0£VTac; YjY^ovag OeXst dvTa^Ec^, tou? 81 \xy) uxoTax0£VTa<; 
OsXst dvayxdayj £iq uxotocyiqv, xal oti t6v xs^^va BiavodTat vd StaTpf^yj 
xapdTov 'Iv86v, Vva, dpxo^ivou tou xpoa£xou<; lapoq, Tt^wpYjafl tou? ix^P ou< S 
tou au|A^dxou auTOu, tou yjye^ovo? twv Ta^iXwv. 

MsTd Bs touto BiYjpsas xdaa? ocutou Td? Suva^stc; elq Suo cTpaTidq, i% 
wv Y) (X£v 6x6 tov rUpBfxav xal t H9ataT((ovoc I^jleXXs vd xaTsXGfl e(? tov 'Iv- 
Bov, xapaxoXouOouaa tyjv Bs^tdv ox6y]v tou Koxpfjvo?, ocuto? os (ji£Td tyj? 
aXXr)? e^sXXs vd BisXSy) tyjv Xtav ^xixovov xal 6x6 ^ax^ wv Xaa>v xoctocxou- 
jjl£VY]V x^pav tyjv xp6? ^oppdv TOU aUTOU XOTOC^JLOU. 

*0 cxoxo? y^to Bid tyj<; BixXy^? TauTY]? xivYjasax; xal tyj<; cuyxP^ V0IJ ^ xt_ 
O^asw? vd xaTaaTYjafl e!? Td? xpo? ^oppav xat votov tou Kw^vo? <puXdq dBu- 
vaTov tt^v xotvY^v dvTcaTaaiv xal ty^v d^ot6afav ^oYjOetav, auyxpo vw ? B£ xpos- 
XauvG)v [ikv BiaTwv (Jopefwv xapaxXsuptov xotXdBwv vd xpoxaTaXd6YjTa xp6g 



140 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

votov <JT£vd, xpO£Xauvwv B£ Bed toutwv twv (jtevwv vd eXOyj el? Ta xXdyca 
twv icpocg @oppdv <puXwv, xaTa twv oxocwv icpofjysv yj <pdXay?" tou ^aatXiw?' 
va IvwOwat Be el? tyjv xeBidBa tyjv ^£Ta£u rUaaaBdp xal 'Attox. Fevopie- 
voi Bl xuptoc twv oxtcGev CTevwv xal 6Bwv YjBuvavTO va exix^pV^ 1 tyjv Btd- 
6accv toO 'IvBou. 

Kaxa TauTa 6 [Lev ^H^acaTcwv xal lUpBixa? dva^aSovTe? Ta? <pdXaYya? 
tou Topyfou, KXetTOU, xat MeXedtypou xal to Yj^juau twv Max£§6vwv £Taf- 
pwv ixx£wvxatxdvTa?Tou? pitaOocpopou? txxd?, xaTYJpxovTO ccxoXouGw? tov 
pouv tou Kwcpijvo? £xityj? B£?"id? auTou oxOyj?, oxou xaTwxouv o\ TavBapiot, 
tA£T* czutwv Be ix£(7Tp£9ov ec? Td? iB(a? twv x w P a S *ac o! 'IvBol Yjye^iove?, 
oaot el/ov xpoaxuviqaei tov jSaciXla. 

Elxov Be BiaTayrjv vd xaTaXd6wac xdaa? Ta? d^io^oyou? Geaet? xa(, dv 
YjGeXov dpvryOf) tyjv xapdBoacv, vd uxoTa^waiv auTa? Bed tyj? @(a?, OTav Bs 
cpGdawacv d? Ta? oxGa? tou 'IvBou, v' dpxcawaiv euGu? tyjv xaTaaxeuYjv tyj? 
yecpupa?, Be' yj? 6 'AX^avBpo? e^eXsTa vd lupoeXdtafl elq Td ivBoTepa tyj? 

Auto? Be 6 *AXe?"avBpo?, dvaXa6wv tou? uxaaxcaTa?, to erepov tjjakju 
twv eTafpwv, Ta? xXetOTepa? cpaXafya?, tou? TO^OTa?, tou? 'Ayptdva?, 
tou? IxxaxovTicrrd?, BiYjXGe t6v Kwqrqva Bid tou ctsvou A^eXXaXa6dB xal 
£xopeu£TO xpo? dvaToXd?. 

'EvTauGa uxdpxst xoTa[xo? 6 Xoyj? yj XodaxY]?, o<jtc? xYjyd^wv £x twv 
xaywvwv tou IIoaTc-Koup tou u^yjXou opou?, cxW ^^ xaTa tov dvw 
pouv auTou dypfav xocXdBa, e'xouaav Iv0ev [Lev tyjv u<j;y)Xyjv @paxwBY) aeipdv 
tou XovB, eTipwGsvBi gcaXyjv oxwaouv 6AtywT£pov u^yjayjv BecpdBa, yjtc?xw- 
p(£et auTYjvd'xoTYj? xotXdBo?Tou Toupacou. To IBaqjo? touto elvac xp6? 
jTpaTtwTtxd? xivYJdeis £c? axpov Bua6aTov. 

'EvTauGa £y w £t Ta? oc"AY]a£t?, Ta 6p£ivd <ppoupia, xatTd xoXuaptG^a xo(- 
pivta auTou 6 Xa6? twv 'Aaxaafwv. E!? 6),iywv Y)^£pwv axoaTaatv xpo? fop- 
pdv xapd tov XodaxYjv ey.eiio i] xpwT£uouaa, axouBafa xp6 xdvTwv §i& ttqv 

6p£tVY]V 6B6v, Y]Tt? Bt£pXO(JL£VY) X^YjaCOV ailTYJ? Y.&1 UX£pdvW TOU U^YJ^OU OpOU? 

(j)£p£l xpo? Ta? xYjyd? tou "Q?ou. 

w A^a BcaSd? 6 'AX^avBpo? toutov T^vxoTapiov, t6v XodaxYjv, %<xl Bt£p- 
XO(J.£vo? tyjv xaTd {Atxpov gt£vou^£vyjv Tcot^dBa, I(p6aa£V e(? Td (A£<jY}(ji6pivd 
opta ty}? X w P a< 5 TWV 'Acxaatwv, ot xaTotxot auTY^? I^uyov, ot {xev el? Ta 
opY), ot B£e?? Ta? 6xupd? xoXec?, e'xovte? dxo9agiv vd dvTtaTaGwatv e??tou? 
Ma*/.£o6va?. 

v 06£v 6 'AXi^avopo? etc jjiaX^ov ecriueuBs xpo£>,auvwv* avaXa6wvBe 
axav to ixxtxov 7.al 6x,Taxocjiou? i% twv uxaaxtaTwv, ou? dv£6(6aa - £V waau- 
tw? Aid twv cxxojv, Y]Xauv£v i%\ Ta xpoaoj y.at (jlet* ou xoXu £96a(j£V £t? tyjv 
xpo')TY]V xoXiv twv 'Aaxaatwv, BtxXouv T£cxo? X£pt6£6XY3[X£VYjV xac {i£Ta 
axoucata? £*v6xXou Buvd[i£6>? d^uvoiJisv^v. 

'() r yy.z'.Xzbq w? el%ev ^x Tf y ? ocotxopfa? xpoaiSaXEV auTYjv, (Ji£Ta xpa- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 141 

Tspdv 8£ [xdxiQV £V y) £Tpau^aTtaGiq xal auT&c xaTd tov wyiov xa! ex twv 
■juXifjcjtsaTaTwv auTou g?xoXouGg>v ot cto^iaTocpuXaxEC IlToXe[Ji.ato<; xal Aeov- 
vaToc, ot @dp6apot TqvayxdaGiqaav vd uxo^wpYjawaiv o-jutaOsv T<5v Tetx&v ttj<; 

x6X£g>c. 

'H eaxepa, t) xaTaxoviqatq twv cTpaTtorrtiv xal to Tpau[j,a tou (SaatXiax; 
xaGtaTtov dBuvaTov Tifjv £?axoXoutfY)<7tv tou aywvoc, oY o ot Max£B6v£C ecrxpa- 
roxeBeuaav ux' auTa Td T£tx?) ttjc. iu6Xe<i>s. Ttjv £xtouaav t6 xpa>t, ap^a^ii- 
vtq<; ttjc £<p68ou, xaT£XY)cpGiQ to T£txoc* Twpa 8£ (j.6vov etBov t6 SeuTepov xat 
fa^updTspov Tetxoc t^ 1 ? x6X£(oc ext^sXsaTaTa xaT£x6&A£Vov. 

'Ev T(p {ASTa^ij Be xpoa£XG6vToc tou xuptou [Aepouq tou CTpaToO xpo£- 
6iqaav etc. vlav e*xtGeatv, xal ev (5 ot To^oxat xavTa^oGev xoctsto^suov touc 
sxl tou Tstxoix;, xpoa£Tl6Y]aavat xXcpiax£C * a ^ t JL£T ' ou xoX6 a*V£pptXT]GY]<iav 
£tc Tac exdX^etc* tots ot xoXi^juot Biv £xapT£pY]aav xXiov, dXX* i££XG6v- 
T£C twv xuXwv ttjc x6X£G)c, £^yjtouv xaTacpuytov etc t« opY], xaj eyetve xoXuc 
<povoc BtoTt ot MaxeB6v£C, 6pytaG£VT£C Btd t6 Tpau^a tou £aatX£G>c, ouBevoc 
i(p£t§ovTo, y) hk xoXtc xaTY)Ba<ptaGY). 

*H XptoTY) aUTTQ TaX£ta VtXY) Blv e6pdBuV£ Vd XpO^EVYjaifJ T7JV XoGoU(Jl£VY]V 

ivT'jxoxjtv. "AXXyj xoXtc, "AvBaxa xaXou^ivrj, xap£B6GiQ d^satoc, xal 6 fxev 
KpaT£p6c [X£xd twv 6xXtTG)v s[xecvev £VTauGa, oxwc xaGuxoTa^fl Tac aXXac 
xXrjatov xoXetc, xat IxetTa 6x£p6dc to opog xop£uGfj e!c to 'Aptyaiov, t6 iv 
Tfj xotXdBt tou Toupafoij (IlavB^xopd). 

'O $e 'AX^avBpoc (A£Td twv Xotxwv cTpaTeu^aTWV iTpdxY) xpoq Td 
£op£tavaToXtxd iicl t6v xoTajxov EudaxXa, Yva <p6da]Q oaov olov ts TaxtaTa 
etc ty)V xoXtv oxou ijXxt^£V OTt 6d xaTaXd6|3 tov riye^ova tyjc %&paq. 

Kal ^8tq tyjv 8£UT£pav Tj^ipav i^Oaaev etc ttjv xoXtv* ctXX' r} eYBiQatcj oti 
£*x£px£Tat £ax£uae vd xpoY)yY]G-n, xat y] [A£V xoXtc supeOrj xupxoXou{JL£VY), at 
8e xpoq Td opiQ 6Bol ixaXuxTOvxo 6x6 twv cpeuyovTWV. 

ToTST5px^£<po6£pd a^ayirj xat 6 Tjye^wv p.£Ta twv xoXuapt'O^wv xat xaXw? 
wxXta[jL£V(ov (jo)(jLaTO(puXdxG)V auTou £lx£ ^SiQ xaTaXaSyj yirjXoqjov Ttva dxpo- 

CITOV. 

'0 riToXs^aloc, oaTtc iv Tfj Tapax"fi dv£yva)ptc£ Touq x£pt tov rjy£pL6va 
xat eStcoxe xaxd xpaToc, euOuq wc etBsv OTt 6 u(piQX6<; yYjXocpoq ^to xapd xoXu 
axoTOjxoc; xpoc txxaatav, Xa6wv tolx; 6X(youq xept auTOV uxacrxtUTa?, Z«T£- 
Btwxe xe^wq touc; 9euyovTac ^L£Ta xdaiqc; tt^c; 8uvaT^c <txouBy]c. 

T6t£ 6 Yjy£pL(i)v £XtaTpacp£tq at^vtBfwc [X£Ta twv x£pt auTov jJLax^Twv 
wpjjLY}cr£ xaTa twv Max£B6vo>v, auTOc §£ IxtTeOsl? xaTa tou riToXfipiatou 
■^xovTtaev auT^v £tc to cjt^Goc. *0 IlToXe^aloc, ctoGdq uxo tou G(5paxoc, 

iV6XY)?S TO B6pU £tC TOV (JLY]p6v TOU Yjy£(Jl6vOC Xat XaT£pptt^£V aUT6v V£XpOV 

xaTa y^q. 

'H xTtoatc tou Yjyepidvoc ixptve tyjv vfxiqv* Bi6ti ol (jlev Max£B6v£c iqt)- 
xoXouGiqaav <poveuovT£<; xat xaxaxoxTOVT£C, 6 Be AaytBrjC ripxtae vd cxuXeu^ 
t6v V£xp6v tou Yjy£[i.6voc. Touto £B6vt£C ot 'Aaxdatot ctx6 twv 6p£G>v, xaT^X- 



142 12T0P1A TOY MEFAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Gov [Leia tJuxvtwBouc; bg\n^q, Yva awawat TOuXdxtaTov to XTto^ia tou Yjy£[x6vo<; 

T(i)V. 

'Ev T(p pt,eTa^6 yjX0£ xal 6 'AX^avBpoc; y,ac cuv£x,poTY]0Y) xpaTspd {JLa/TQ, 

XaO' YJV TO (JL£V XTW[JLa Bl£TY]pY)0Y) UXO TG)V MaXsBoVtoV, o! B£ ^dpSapOt {JL£T& 

XEifffJiaTtoBig dywva, <ruepouiJ.evoi Yjys^ovoq, u%Ei6pi}G<xv dq Td 3«0tq twv 

6p£0)V. 

'O 'AXe^avBpoc; jjly) 0£Xg>v vd dax^P^Tfl x£ptaaoT£pov dg to: u<j;Y)Xd opY), 
srpdxY) xpoc; dvaToXdg dv£px6[Ji£vo<; t6v EudaxXav, "va Bid twv CTevoxoptwv 
tg>v e?? tyjv /.oiXdBa tou Toupatou (pspouatov £X0yj dq tyjv xoXtv 'Apcyacov. 
'AXX* sups tyjv jjlsv xoXcv KaTax£xau[jtivYjv y.<xi eyjcaTaXsXst^^evYjv, touc; 
Bs xoctoikou*; gjutyjc; cpuydSac; sec; Td 6'pYj. 

*H axouBatOTYjc; tqcutyjc; tyjc; 0£<je(oc;, yjtic; Becjxo^ei t^q xpog tov Xod- 
cjxyjv 6Bou, xap£/,tvY]a , s t6v (taatXia v' dvaOlafl sc<; tov KpaTspov, oaTtq xpoa- 
Y)PX£T0 sx, votou, tyjv dvotxo B6[XYjaiv tyjc; x6X£k>c;, hiaxd'q'aq vd cuvotxfcifl sec; 
auTTjv touc; dxotjidxouc; twv MaxsBovwv xod sx, tcdv xaTocxwv tyjc; x^P ^ 
xdvTac; touc; @ouXo[Ji£Vouc;. KaTd toutov tov Tpoxov dtxcpoTspat at xpoc; tov 
XodaxYjv GTSvoxopcat Bed tyjc; xaTaXifjt^ws twv 'Avdxo>v xai tou 'Apiyoccou 
X£piY]X0ov sec; tyjv s^ouacav tou 'AXs^dvBpou. 

'AXX' svouJcj0y) otjiGx; dvoeyxaTov vd ydvyj £xaca0Y)TY} tcdv [iax£ Bo vtx&v 
oxXo>v t) OxepoxT) st<; touc; dvBpEiouc; opscvouc; xaTotxouc; xpoc; @oppdv tyjc; 
xoXswc;, o^Ttvsc; slxov Xd6fl dx£tXYjTixYjv Geatv dxo tg>v opecov. <; O0sv e^op^Y)- 
atxq 6 'AXIc^avBpoc; dxo tou 'Apiyacou xaTd tyjc; opstvfjc; xwpaq, scrupaTO- 
xsBsuasTYjv saxepav sv Tfj 6x(i>ps(o5Tou opouq. *0 Bs IlToXs^aToc; sxx£picp0si<; 
xpo<;xaTaaxoxcav, sxotJiics tyjv ©YSyjcjiv oti Td xupd twv sv toTc; opsacv Y^aav 
xoXudpi0LJiaxai s£ auTWV wcpecXs vd stxaaYj iiq, OTt ol xo'Aqjttot Yjaav out, 6Xf- 
yov xoXuxXY]0scjT£pot ojutwv. 'Ax£9ac7t(j0Yj Xotxov vd y£(v]Q d^lcjwc; Y^ £X(0£C71<;. 

Kal [LZpOq [Lh TOU CTpOCTOU Bt£TY]pY]<J£ TY)V 0£(7CV £V TYJ UXO)p£(a, 6 B£ ^aat- 

Xebq ^.£T« twv Xotxwv dvif]pX£TO s(<; Td 6pY]' £U0u<; Be &>q eihe Td twv xoX£[Jl(- 
(ov xupd, Bt£Tcz?£v 6 ^jl£V Aeovvktoc; y.al IlToXs^a oq vd xpox^pYjaoxjc Bec;td 
y.(xl dptdTSpd ty^c; Geaewq twv xoX£^.ftov, Yva Bed auyxP^ V0U xpoa6o)vYj(; ev. 
Tptwv ^JLEpwv Bcacp£<7(0!Ti tyjv ux£pT£pav EauTtbv B uva^juv, a utoc; B£ £6dBct!,£ xaTd 
tou Xocpou, oaxou Y^aav T£Tay[X£voc o! xXeIcttoi twv ^ap6dpo>v. "Apia B£ (Bovtec; 
outoi touc; Ma%£B6vaq xpox^pouvTac;, x£xoc06t£c; e{<; tyjv ux£pT£pav auTwv 
Buva^tv xaT£6Y]aav oXtyov dxo to>v u^wpidTwv xal £X£X£aov x«Td tou 'AXs- 
c;dvBpou, xal outgx; r\p%i(jz xpaT£pd [xax^- 

'Ev T(I)'jjL£Tac;u wp^JLiQa£ xai 6 IlToX£^atoc;, dXX' £X£[By) £VT«O0a o? ^>dp6a- 
pot Bsv /.aT^SiQaav dx6 tou yY)X6cpou to>v, Y^vayzdaOTQ vd auvd^Y] tyjv y-dx^v ixi 
dviaou s'Bdcpouc;. 

'AXXd teXoc; jjl£t« xoXuv dywva xaTO)p0wa£ vd dvapptxTQ0"fi Tdc; xXctuc; 
a&TOU, %<xl vd dxo>0Y)cjYj touc; jx£Td xoXXyjc; 5tapT£p(ac; y,axou.£vouc; xoXejjlcouc; 
xpo<; ^X£cvo t6 (X£poc; tou yiqXocfou, ox£p el%ev dcpYjcjY) £X£u0£pov, Yva jjlyj dvay- 
xda|) auTOuc; Btd tyjc; oXoaxepouc; x£pt/.UT,Xa)a£0)c; sec; dx£yvtoa^£VYjv dyiuvcxv. 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 143 

Kal 6 AsovvdcToc; Be xaO' eauTov *r)vdyxaae touc; e^pouq etc; uxoxwpYjatv, 
xafc b 'AXe^avBpoc; xaT£Bt(ox£V YjBiq ttjv iw to) (jleckj) xaTOtTpoxtoGetaav xuptav 
B6va^.tv auxwv. <J>o6epd acpayij) auvexX^pwae tyjv extxovov vtxiqv. 40,000 
d'vBpec; ^x^aXGyutaGYjaav, dvaptSpnqToi dyeXat ^owv, 6 xXoutoc; tou 6petvou 
toutou Xaou, exeaov et<; x £ *P a S T0 ^ vtxiqTOu* 6 Be IlToXe^atoc; Xeyet tjaav 
uicep Taq e'txoat Tpetc; u,uptdBec; ^owv, ££ &v 6 'AXe^avBpoc; e?eXeye Tac; xaX- 
XtaTac;, iva xe^fl aikac; et<? MaxeBovtav xpoq xaXXtepyetav tyjc; yfjc;. 

'Evtoiitoec; rjXOev e't'Biqatc;, oti iv ty} dpieatoc; exou^evfl xotXdBt tou Soudaxou 
ol 'AaaaxYjvot xapeaxeud^ovTO auvTovwTaTa, auXXe£avTe<; {JitaGocpopouc; y.<xl 
£% twv e'xexetva tou 'IvBou, xal efyov tjBy) auvaGpotafl Buva^tv £x 30,000 xe- 
^wv, 20,000 txxewv xal 30 eXecpdvTWV. *0 BaatXeuc;, A'va eX0Y] e^ t-tjv ^wpav 
auiwv, G)9£tXexpoY]you(Ji£V(i)<; vd%aTa6fj tyjv xotXdBa tou @aOeo<; xat op^YjTt- 
xou Toupatou, yj<; to avo) yipoc; etxev uxotoc^. 

Aa6(bv Xotxov ^£po<; twv CTpocTeu^dTtDV aiiTou, xpoYjyYjOYj Tcxxewc;, e*v d) 
6 KpaT£p6s {X£T« twv Xotx&v xat ji£Td t<ov BuaxtvYjTwv [jLTQxavtov YjxoXouSet 
(SpaBuTepov ix tou 'Aptyatou. 

At 6petval 6Bol xal at t^uxpal v6xTe<; £8u<Jx£paivov tyjv xope'av, dAXd 
to [lipoc; tyjc; xotAdBo?, xpoc; o xaTYjpxeTO, ■tjto xoXu cpatBpoTepov xat xXou- 
atwT£pov" xuxXa) uxyjpxov yYjXocpoc d^xeXocpuTot, aXaY) d^uyBaXecov xal 
Bacpvcov, ytopta etpYjvtxd (oxoBo^Yj^iva £id Ttov xXtT6o>v twv 6peG>v xat dxet- 
pdpt0[xa xoc^vta ve[Ji6[ieva dvd Ta OtpYjXoTepa opYj. 

'EvTauOa XeyeTat cm yjXOov ot euyeveaTaTot tyjc; x^pac;, Yjyoujjiivou tou 
'Axoucptoc;, eiq tyjv axYjvrjv tou ^aatXiwc;. Eta£X06vT£(; Be xal IBovTe? auTov 

Xa6Y)[JL£VOV iv Tf) Aa(JLXpOTY]Tt TWV OXXO)V, GTY]pt^6^L£VOV ixt tou BopaTo? %al 

Ixovtoc t6 zpdvoq etc; tyjv 7,£9aAYjv> 6a^6ouvT£c; eyovux£TY)aav. 

*0 Be ^aatA£L)<; xpoa£xdA£a£V auTou? vd iyEpOwat xat vd 6(jL(A^a(t)atv. El- 
xov oti Y) xoAt? auTwv 6vo[id^£Tat Nuaa* y.at oti ^X0ov etc tyjc; *Eax£ptaq et<; 
toDtov tov toxov* exTOTe Be e^aav auTovo^oc %al euTUX£i?, dptaToxpaxou- 
tA£vot 6x6 TptdxovTa euxaTptBwv. M£Td TauTa eByjXwctev 6 'AXs^avBpoq oti 
6sXet dcpYjafl a touc; eXsuGspouq y,al <zutov6u,ou<;, oti 6 "Axoucpt? 6d etva t 
xpo'.'ffTayLevo? twv euxaTptBwv tyjc; x^P a ? %a ^ o Tt ^ a ir^^waiv exaTOVTaBaq 
Ttvdq txxiwv et<; tov CTpotTov toij gaatXewc;. 

Tauxa xsptxou tid etvat t* dXY]0^ ex. Ttvoc; BtYjyYjcjeox;, YjTtq, au[xxpdT. 
tovtoc; Wax; xat tou ^aatXeox;, Btexoa^Y]0Y) i%l t6 bau^aatwTepov xaj BteBoOrj 
etc; eupuTspov xuxXov. "ExTOTe ot Nuaatoc eXsyovTO a\xeaot dxdyovot twv 
6xaBa>v tou Atovuaou, o5 Ttvoc; Td<; exaTpaTetaq dxec^eTstvsv 6 eXXrjvtxoc; [lu- 
0oc; y.ixQi ty^c; 'IvBtxYJc;. Ot dvBpstot MaxsBovec; piaxpdv ovtsc; tyjc; xaxptBoc; 
twv, auvYjaSdvovTO eczuTOuc; dx; iv otxetoc x^P a ^ a ^ £V T 4> ^ea(p otxetwv dva- 
tJivTQaswv Btaxpt6ovT£i;. 

'Ax6 tyjc; N6(7Y]c; 6 'AXI^avBpoc; ixop£U£TO xp6c; dvaToXdc;, Bta6d<; t6v 
opjJLTQTtxov Toupcztov, etc; tyjv ycopav twv 'Aaaaxiqvwv, outoi Be i%l Tfj xpoa£y- 
yta£t auTOU ux£xd>pY]crav etc; Tdq 6xupdc; <xutg>v x6X£tq, jjl£toc5l> Be toutwv 



144 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

axouBatoTaTY) yjto Ta Mdacraya. Kat 6 \ih -qye^wv tyjc; xwpac; YjXxt^ev oTt 
G'dvTKTTfl £v aiiTfj, 6 Be 'AXe^avBpoc; e*xeX6wv IcTpaToxeBeuaev 6x6 TaTe'xY) 
ty;<; x6Xewc;. 

Ot xoXIpitot xexotOoTec etc; Tac; Buvdpietc; twv e^YjXOov d^Jiiawc;, xpocxot- 
Y)T-f) Be Ttc; 6xoxwpY]atc; twv dvavTtwv eKXxuaev auTOuc; Y]^taetav wpav (xaxpdv 
twv xuXwv xal xaTeBtwxov dTaxTwq (jieTa gxouByjc; xal dyptou dXaXayjiou 
touc; uxoxwpouvTac;. 'AXXd tots ixtaTpacpevTec; atyvtBtwc; ot MaxeBove?, 
wp^Yjaav Spotxaiox; xaTd twv 'IvBwv, xpoYjyoujJievoi yiv ot tJnXot, exojjievoq Be 
6 ^aatXeuc; (i£Ta twv <paXdyywv. 

MeTa (Spaxetav lAdx*)v ot 'IvBot eTpdxYjaav 6xtaw e?c; <puyYjv, dxoXeaavTeq 
oux iXtyouc;' 6 Be 'AXe^avBpoc; "rjxoXouOYjae piv a-TOuc; xaTd xoBaq, dXX' 6 
axox6<; auToO vd ixtxeafl {jlst' auTwv etc; tyjv xuXyjv eVaTatw0Y). v 06ev xapYj- 
Xauve t6 'zeixoq, iva opiqq etc; xolov iiipoc; expexe va yetvYj y) ixtGeatc; ttqv ext- 
ouaav, dXX' e*xet To£eu6et<; dx6 twv £xdXc;ewv, eVav^XSev eiqib crTpaToxeBov, 
exwv eXacppov Tpau^ia xaTa tov xoBa. 

Tyjv dxoXouOov Yj(jipav at piYjxavat Yjpxtaav to epyov auTwv xal (xst' 6Xt- 
yov eVx^aTtaav pYjy^a, ot Be MaxeBovec; exetpdBYjaav Bt' auTou va etaeXGw- 
atv etc; t^jv xoXtv' dXX' tj yevvata xat xepteaxeji^evY) du,uva twv xoXe^twv 
Yjvdyxaaev auTouc; £%l TeXouc; xepl tyjv eaxepav vd uxoxwpYjawat. TVjv ixau- 
ptov e'xaveXYjcpGYj atpoBpOTepa t) ext'Geatc; 6x6 tVjv xpocjTaatav c;uXtvou xupyou, 
ouTtc; Btd twv @Xir][JidTwv auTou elxe y u^jlvwcjy) [ligoq toD Tetxouc; dxo Twv-xpo- 
[laxo^evwv* dXXd xat outwc; ouBe xaxd ev @Yjuia xeptaaoTepov xpoexwpYjaav. 

At' oXyjc; tyjc; vuxt6<; daxoXou^evot etc; Ta<; veac; xapaaxeudc; xaTeaxeu- 
aaav veouc; xptouc;, vea cTeyda^aTa, xat TeXo<; xtvYjTov Ttva xupyov, xp6<; t6 
Tetxos, £% o5 ext6d6pat e^eXXov vd (pepwatv d(Jieaw<; et? Tac; exdX^etq. Tr)v Be 
xpwtav ^wpfXYjaav at <pdXayye<;, TauTOXpovwc; Be auTo<; 6 ^aatXeu? etaiQyaye 
tou<; CxaaxtaTd? et<; tov xupyov, dva^tpLVYjaxwv et<; aikou? oti xaTd tov 
auT6vTpoxov e'xopGiqcav tyjv Tupov. 

IldvTef; BtexatovTO 6x6 ty)<; extSu^tag toO v* dywvta6wat Y.al xupteOawat 
ty)v xoXtv, YjTtc; uxep t6 Beov avTeaTYj elq auTOUc;. "ExetTa xaTe6t6daGY) r) £%i- 
6d0pa /.at ot MaxsBovs? cuvw6ouvto xpoq auTYjv, GeXovTeq exaaTO? vd elvat 
xpwToq, dW evexa toD xoXXou ^dpou<; xaTeppdyYj i] yecpupa xat ot dvBpelot 
xaTe7.pY](JLvta6Y)(jav etc; t6 ^d0o<;. 

*lB6vTe<; touto ol 'IvBot dvexpauyaaav xat £% twv ixdXcjewv xaTeppt- 
xtov ^x! touc; MaxeBovac; Xt0ou<;, Boxouc; xat dXXa $XY)[jiaTa* ec;wp[XYjcjav B' 
ix twv xuXwv tou Tetxouc; et<; t6 xeBtov, iva wcpe^YjOwatv £% tyjc; TapaxYJq. 
navTaxou ot MaxeB6vec; uxexwpYjaav, jioXtc; Be y^ cpdXay? tou 'AXxItou, Bta- 
TaxOetaa 6x6 tou ^aatXewq, xaTo^pGojae vd gwcjyj tou? YjpuOavetc; dx6 TYj<;Xua- 
gyjc; TwvixoXe(xtwv xat v' dxoxo(itaY) auTOug e(<; t6 cTpaToxeBov. 

'AXXd TauTa xdvTa Yju^aav jjlovov tt?jv 6pyY)v xat t6 xoXejxtx6v ptevo<; 
twv MaxeB6vwv* tyjv ixtouaav 6 xupyoc; xpoaYjxGiQ i% veou etc; t6 Tetxo?, xat 
xdXtv xaTe6t6da6Y) y) ixt6d6pa* dXX' ot 'IvBo? dvOtaTavTO oaov -qB uvavxo ixt- 



I2T0PIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 145 

tuX&<;, 3v xal at zd^etq a utg>v e*yfvovTO dpatdTepat xal 6 xept auTOuq x(vBu- 
vo<; [xdXXov ixeietvexo. 

T6ts 6 Tjye^wv auTG>v TpwBeJc; uxd xaTaxXiqxTtxou @eXou<;exeae vexpdc;. 
Touto Be* xapextvYjaev ixt TeXouc; touc; xoXtopxouLievouc; vd auva^wat Bia- 
xpay^aTeuaecc;, oxg><; xapaBoSwatv etc; ty;v BtdSeatv tou vt>a)TOu. 

*0 'AXe^avBpoc; dvayvuptt^tov Btxatax; ttjv dvBpetav tg>v xoXe[AtG>v, £BI- 
x6tq xpoOuiuoc; vd Stax6^Y5 T0V dywva, ocjtic; Bev Y^BuvaTO vd Btec;ax6f) P^XPt 
t^Xouc; d'veu xoXXfjq at^aToxuacac;, dXX' dxYjTYjae tyjv xapdBoatv TYjqxdXeox;, 
ty^v xaTaTa^tv t<ov 'IvBwv pua6o<p6p<i>v etc; to [JLay.sBovtx.6v GTpaToxeBov xal 
ty)v exBoatv tyjc; Yjye[Jiovi7.Y)c; otxoyevetac;. 

revo[jL£vo>v Be twv opwv BexTtov, y) [Ji£v [XYjTiQp xat 6uyaTY)p tou Y)yeyt.6voc; 
t^XSov e(<;T& aTpaTdxeBov tou (taatXetac;, ot Be 'IvBot [Ju<j6o<p6poc, ic;eX66vTec; 
evoxXot, eVTpaTOxdBeuaav elq dxoaTadv Ttva dxo tou GTpaToO, [JieO' ou eLieX- 
Xov tou Xotxou vd auaTpaTsuadxjtv. 'AXXd xXifjpetc; dxoaTpo^q xp6<; touc; 
££vouc; xal (jlt?) Buvditevot vd uxoLietvwat tt^jv (Beav 0Tt e^eXXov vd auvaywvt- 
aOwat plst' <z5to>v xaTa twv tBtwv o^oeGvwv, auveXa6ov t6v dTUXY) axoxov v' 
dx£X0(o<7t Btd^vuxTOc; xal vd ixiffTpl^waiv 6xta(i> e!<; t6v 'IvB6v. 

'O, .'AX^avBpog eXa6e yvwatv tou xpay^aToq, xat xexot6<bc; oti y) piv 
Btaxpay^aTeuatc; 6d yjto LwtTata, 6Be BtaTaypi6<; ixtxfvBuvoc;, BteTa?e vd xept- 
l^wawjtv oc6tou<; Bed vuxtoc; %<xl vd tou<; xaTaxd^oxjt. Kal outox; eyetve 
xuptoq ty)<; <JxouBacoTaTY]<; Oeaetoc; iv Tfj x^P? ™ v 'AaaaxYjvwv. 

'Axo twv Maaadywv IcpatveTO euxoXov vd culixXyjpoixjy) Ttq ttjv xaTaXrj- 
^iv tyjc; dBeaxoTou x^paq, Btd touto exepi^ev o 'AXec;avBpoc; aTpaT£U[xaTa 
Ttva uxo tov Kotvov xpo<; votov xaTd tou eppoupfou Bal^fpwv xsxot0d)<; oti 
touto, Lia0(l)V tyjv aXwatv Maaffd^wv, £[jl £ ^^ £ va xapaBoGfj. "AXXo Be TLffj(JLa 
tou GTpaTOu 6x6 t6v 'AXxeTav ixopeusTO xpoq ^oppdv xaTaTou <ppoup(ou, 
twv "Qpcov, e'xov BtaTay^v vd xsptTstx^T) T V 'JcdXtv pL£XP^ °^ eXOyj t6 xuptov 
[higoq tyj<; uTpaTtdq. 

'AXXd list' 6X(yov y^XOov BuadpsaTot et Blasts i? d^oTepwv twv toxwv, 
Bt6xt 6 [jlsv 'AXx£Ta<; Biv yjBuvyjOy) vd dxoxpouar) I^oBov Ttva twv 'QptTWV 
avsu axcoXetaq, 6 B£ Kotvo? dvTt vd £upy) Td Bdl^ipa £TOt[ia vd xapaBoOwat, 
[i,£Td xoXXou /.oxou tjBuvyjBy) vd (JTaOfj xp6 tt^? x6X£(oq. 

'Evw Be 6 'AX£$avBpo<; e'ax.dxfit vd (A£Ta6fi ixEtJE, eXa6e tt^v e't'BiQatv o*r t 
Td T Qpa y^XOov etc; ax^tv xpo<; t6v 'AStadpYjv, t6v YjyepLova tou Kaa^xtp, y.ol\ 
oti Btd TYJc; pLeaoXaSifjaeax; auTOu eXa6ov oux. 6Xtya aTpaTeujxaTa xapd twv 
icp6q @oppdv 6petvwv xaTotxwv, Btd touto xapYjyyetXev etc; t6v Kotvov vd 
6xupo>cjY] xpaTepdv Ttva Oeatv xapd Ta Bal^tpa, Yva Btaxo^T) ^a? auyxotvwvfac; 
tou eppouptou, (xeTd Be t&v Xotxwv cjTpaTeu^aTWV vd oBeuciY) xpoc; auTov, au- 
t6<; Be eTpe^ev etc; Ta T Qpa* y) xoXtc; auTY) xatTot 6xupd xat dvBpetwc; g?[jluvo- 
[jl^vyj Bev y^BuvyjOy) v' dvTtaTaS^, <xk\oL xaTeXifj^GY) ^ e^dBou* xXouata hh Xd- 
cpupa, £v ole; xa( Ttvec; dXecpavTeq, exeaov etc; Tdc; xzigaq twv MaxeBovwv. 

'Ev T(}) (xeTac;u 6 Kotvoc; xaO' « BteTax0Y] Yjpxtae v' axox^pf) d^b twv Ba- 



146 I2T0PIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

£(p(i)V, TOJUTYJV Be TTQV XIVTQJIV xapOCTY] pYjtjaVTSc; Ot 'IvBot, £xBpa(JLOVT£<; iXTWV 

xuXwv zriq xoXsox;, exexecjov y.axa twv MaxsBovwv, xat dx^xoXouOiqas 
xpaTspd [xdxiQ, x-aG' ?v sxt tsXou? YjvayxdaGiqaav vd uxoxwpYjacoatv o^t avsu 
dxtoXstaq. 

'AXX' dtp' ou %gbq toutok; SesBoGyj r; dyysXta, oit xat Ta *Qpa uxsxutpav 
eiq tou? MaxsBovaq, dxsXxtaGevTsc; ot Ba^aptTat on 6d BuvY]6axjt vd xap- 
Tepigawatv sv tw cppoupta), xspt [Leaaq vuxTaq ££y)X6ov ttjs xdXsto*; xat uxs- 
XwpYjaav etg tyjv xsTpav "Aopvov ttjv xapd tov 'IvBov xaTd id pi£(TT]^6pivd 
opta tyj<; x^P a ? T ^ v 'AaaaxiQvwv. 

KaTaXa6(bv 6 'AAs£avBpo<; Ta Tpta cppoupta, Mdaaaya, 7 Qpa xal Bd- 
^tpa eystvs xuptos xdaY)<; tt)<; dpeivtjq xwpaq tt)<; xpoq (Soppdv tou Kca^voq, 
xpos votov ty)? oxotag sxsito t) sxtxpaTsta tou Yjystidvot; tyj<; lUuxsAas 
"Agtou. 

*0 Yjys^&v o5to<; sxs?sT£tvev wq <patvsTac t^v ixtxpaTstav auTOu sVt $Aa- 
67] tg>v ystTovcov, syxa0tBpu6et<; xat xp6<; votov tou Kg>9T}vo<;" 6 Sayxatoq 6 
xaTacpuywv xpoqTovTa^tATjv el^ev dxoXeafl e£ atTtaq auTOu to xpaTO<;TOu' 
ots Be tou 'AXs?dvBpou ot xYjpuxsq auvsxdXeaav tou? Y]y£[xovag TYjq'IvSixijq 
st<; tyjv Ntxatav, outs 6 "Acjty)<; outs 6 'Aaaaxiqvot; uxYjxouaav. 

'AXX' tj sutuxtq? xpooBo? twv [xaxsBovtxtov oxXwv, yj xpoeXaatg tou @a- 
ctXsox; xat 6 GdvaTog tou 'AaaaxTqvou xapsxtviQaav tov rjys^ova tyj? IIsuxl- 
Xaq, oxox; [xtj dvTt^sTG>xtaY) TouXd^caTov tov [liyav @aatXea xat tyjv <po6spdv 
auTOu Buvauuv, vd syxaTaXst^Y) tt)v xaTptov x&qolv xat vd ^YjTYjqq xaTaq>uyiov 
eiq ttjv vsav auTou sxtxpaTstav xpoc; votov tou Koxp-qvoq, ixsj 8s svtcx; tax u - 
pou cppouptou t^Xxi^sv oti 6d BuvqOfj v' dvTtaTaQfj xaTd ifiq [isaYj^SptVYjc; 
aTpaTtd? to>v Max£B6va>v. 

'AXX' 6 'H9cz[(7Tfo)v xpoEXauvwv iaTpaTOxiSsuas xp6 tou cppouptou, y.ol\ 
[lziqc Tptaxov0Y3[jLepov xoXtopxfav £^£xop6Y]a£v auTo' xaTd tyjv IcpoBov scpovsuGiQ 
6 "AaTY)?, 6 Be Sayxaloi;, oaTtq htiiptbe xapd tw Ta^tXiQ, auyxaTav£uaavTO<; 
tou 'AX£?dvBpou, xaT£Xa6£ ty)v xoXtv. 'H he IIsuxEXa, [lzIvzgz aveu Bsaxo- 
tou xat uxspaaxtaTOu, su0u<; (tiq I^xaOsv, oti 6 'AXs^avBpog dxrjpxeTO iv. t^<; 
o^xopou x&gaq twv 'Aaaaxrjvtov, xapsBoOt) sxouafo)? xatiBsxGiQ (jiaxsBovcxTiv 
<ppoupdv. 

T6 xapdBstyfJia gcuttjc; TjxoXouOiQjav at dXXat oXtywTspov axouBatat xo- 
Xstq, [xsxpt tou 'IvBou, xpoq ov xaTspxp[xsvo<; 6 @actXsu<; scpGaasv eiq Ta 'E{i- 
66Xtpia, dXtya ^(Xta dvwTspa) tyj? <ju^6oXy]<; tou Koxp^voq. 

Outo) Xotxov xaTa to 6ipo<; touto Btd xoXXwv axouBatwv xaJ Ixt[x6x6(0v 
dywvwv uxsTaxOif] dxaaa -^ x^P a ^ x0 T ^> v napoxa^taaBtovpLsxpt tou 'IvBou- 
Kal xaTa ^iv tyjv \iecr]\x^givr}V xXsupdv tou Koxpr^voq, oxou tj xotXd? tou 
xoTayiou toutou xXstETat (jlst' 6Xtyov uxd spYj^xtov 6pEwv, 6 'HcpatciTfwv xaTl- 
Xa6s tt]V x^P av > T0 ^ £ 6pEtvov cppouptov tou "Actou &q xat r\ 'Op66aTt?, yjv 
IxxopO-rjaac; xaTETx £ §td ^axEBovty.Y)? tppoupag, xaTECTYjaav Ta aTpaTtWTtxd 
Ipsta^aTa xpoq BtaTYjp^atv ttj? {Lear^guriq ox^q. KaTa Bs Ta ^opsta a5- 



I2T0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 147 

tou, dcpou dXXY]Xo Bta Bqxox; BcyjXGov o! Majce86veq Ta<;y,otXdBa<; toO Xoa- 
axou, toO Toupacou %<xl tou Soudaxou zal ty)v ^wpav tgjv 'Aaxaaftov, tcov 
Toupacwv, twV 'A(j(ja7.TQv63v,x,alTr3V Il£uy,EXaamBa, ScEaxopxiaav tou<; xapd 
tov dv(D Xoaaxiqv x,al Toupalov @ap6dpou<; yiaxpav diq Td opt) zal teXo<; s^tq- 
acpdXiaav 8t<fc jxev tcov cppouptov 'AvBdxwv y,ai 'Aptypatou tyjv zotXdBa toO 
Toupafou, Bid Be tov Maacrdytov, "QpG)vy.at Bat^iptov tyjv x^P av ™ v 'Aa- 
cjaxiQvwv, Bid Be ttjs Il£uy,£Xa<; tyjv Butwitjv ox0y]V tou 'IvBou. *H Bs x^P a 
ogutyj, dv xai e^aeive xaTd yiya \xigoq 6x6 Eyxwptou<; TjyE^ovaq, xspiYjX- 
0sv dxo tou Be ecq axiaiv uxoTsXEtaq xpoq touc; MaxsBova?, x,al sXa6sv 'cBtov 
aaTpdxY)V 6x6 to ovo^a ty)<; (dxt TaBs 'IvBixyjc;)). 

*Ev yiovov d/,6^TQ 6psiv6v cppouptov xXyjciiov tou 'IvBou xaTStxeTO 6x6 twv 
'IvBwv, oxsp ot MaxsBovs*; d)v6u,aaav "Aopvov, Bioti By)0sv rj xtyjctk; tg>v 6p- 
v'iwv Bsv ecp0ave ^expt<; auTou. *Axo tyj<; gu^SoXyjc; tou Kcocdyjvoc; y.£Td tou 
'IvBou xevte xsptxou yiiXia dxsxoucra dvu^ouTat ax; TsXsuTata iupoe?oxf) tov 

gopStoBuTlKCOV 6pSG)V, ^EyLOVto^EVY] Ttq X£TptdBY]<; XOpUCDY), Y}Tt<; zaTa t6 XsyElV 

tg>v dpxattov elxe xepl Touq xpoxoBaq Teaadptov xepixou ^tXicov xeptu-eTpov, 
u'^o? Be xivTe xtXtdBwv xoBcov. 

'Ext Tfjq taoxeBou xoguyriq tou dxoxpYj^vou toutou ^pdxou uxYJpxe 
xapdBo^ov ti cppouptov, outivoc; Ta tsixtq xeptsSaXXovTO 6x6 wrjxtov, xYjytov 
xat Baatov, outgx; wcits xi'ki&'Seq dvGpwxwv ext ev £to<; vd BuvavTac vd ctuvttq- 
pYjGiocnv e/.£t exdvw. 

'ExeTae scxov TtaTacpuyet izoXkoi 'IvBoi tyjc; xeBtvrjt; x<*>pa<;, xexot06Te<; 
ei<; tyjv dacpdXetav tyj<; gaaiXcx-rjc; TauTY]<; x£Tpaq, ^<; t6 dxop0Y]Tov xoXXat 
cpiQ^Y]yopfat Bt£adXxc^ov. Aid touto 6 QaciXevq £0£copY]C7£V dvayxatoTaxov vd 

£XXOp0Y]C7Y) TaUTTQV TY)V XETpOCV, dvaXoy t^6^£VO<; TYJV •TjGcXYjV eVTUXWCJtV, TTfjV 6- 

xofav E^dxavToc; Y]0£Xsxpo^£VY]c7Y) xai dc, Td <7TpaT£u^aTa auTou %<xl sc<;tou<; 
'IvBouq sutuxiq? tk; extx^tpiQCTK; y.aTd tyjc; , A6pvou'dXXdxp6xdvTcov wcp£iXs 
vd XczStq xpo 6cp0aX^Lcov, oti ^ axouBafa auTYj 6icreq 9 %aT£xo^£VTQ 6x6 tcov xo- 
Xe^icov, -rjBuvaTO vd y£iviQ dcpop^Yj zal CTYjpcy^a twv ^xtx,tvBuvoTaTO)V xivtq- 
a£wv xaTd Td vwTa auTou. 

Tcopoc Xotxov, dy' ou yj ^lIv X£pc£ x^P a 6x£Tdx0iQ, §i& Be tyjc; czacpaXoug 
xaTaXif] 6 £d)<; Gegeox; xapd tov 'IvBov, y,aTG)p0a)0Y] vd Tpo9oBoTfj 6 xoXtopxwv 
aTpaToc; oaov Byjxots %povov xat dv ^GsXs BiapxiaiQ -q xoXtopx.ca, Y5pxtCT£V 6 
'AXi^avBpoq Ta<; xapaToXyiou<; d^-a xat £xt/.ivBuvou<; auxou IvEpyEiaq. 

*H dx.pdBavTo<; ocutou GeXyjctk; tou vd £xxop0Y]a]Q touto t6 cppouptov, ^to 
to ^ovov, Sicep 7.a0fciTOJ 7,aTaXY)XTY]V xdaav sutux'O ex.6aatv. 'Acpou Xotx6v 
y.aTlXcxs tov KpaT£pov dq Td 'EyL66Xt^a, xapd tov 'IvBov, dv£Xa6e^ 
auToq p.6vo<; touc; 'Ayptdvaq, touc; to^otczc;, TYjVTa^tv tou Kofvou %<xl extXe- 
xtou<; Ttvd<; eXacppoTaToug d'vBpag iy. tcov dXXwv Tag£cov, Btaxoatouc; ixx£tq 
y.al £/,axov !xicoToS6Ta<;, v.cd |X£xd toutou tou awu-ocuoq icTTpaToxsSeucrsv et<; 
tou<; xpoxoBaq TYjq Hetgaq. 'AXXd ^ta [lovy] 6B6<; £cp£pe xpo<; Td dvto, xat 



148 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

auTTj -rJTO tojoutov IxittjBecg)? X£xapayii£VTj, &aT£ xaTd xdv aTjti£iov auTij? vd 
eivai euxoXo? xal TsXefa tj d^uva. 

Tots tjX0ov xal xpo? atkov dvBp£? £X twv xXTjaioxtopwv ttj? IlETpa?, 
xapaBo0EVTE? si? auTov xal uxoax £ 6svTs? vaT&v oBYjyTjawaiv si? sxscvtjv ttjv 
0sfftVTT)?nsTpa?, s£ tj? tjto BuvaT&v vd xpo<76)aj0fj to <ppoupiov xal oxt Buaxo- 
Xovvdxuptsu0-n. IlToXeiJiaTo? 6 Adyou, 6 GG>tiaT09uXai;, ^STd twv 'Ayptdvwv, 
TwvXoixtiv ^cXwvxal sy.Xsy.Twv Tivwv uxaaxiaTtov !Xa6s ttjvsvtoXtjv v'dvaSfj 
sI?ttjv IIsTpav oBTjyou^svo? uxo twv 'IvBa>v. Aid Tpayjwv xal Bua6aTcov dva- 
6a0[ia>v e<p0ass, BteXGwv tou? gap&dpou?, si? tov slpTjpivovToxov xal 6xup(o- 
0sl? sV.eT Bid xapa/.wpiaTOc;, TjvaOs tov au^xs^covTjtJisvov xupsov. Toutov IBg>v 
6 £>aji).£u? dxscpdaias vd xdu-Tj ttjv stpoBov ttjv sxiouaav xpwtav, sXxi^wv oti 6 
IT/co^s^aTo? dxo tou uOou? tou opou? tj0sXs TauTOXpovw? sxit£0tj. 

'Ev toutoi? dx& tou &d0ou? sxeivou -rJTO dBuvaTov xal t6 sXdxitfTov vd 
£XtT£'JX0f)> °^ ^ £ 'IvBoi, xdvTfl da^aXsT? ovts? xpo? touto to jiipoc, iTpdxTj- 
cav ^£tA xoXu xXsiovo? GpasuTTjTO? xa?d twv 6x6 tou IlToXs^aiou xaTSxo- 
jjivwv O^wixaTwv, xal (jlovov ^£Td ^eyiaTTj? dycovia? xaTwpfloaev 6 AayiBTj? 

vd XpaTTJfffl TTJV 0SC71V TO L) OXIC70SV TWV X a P a/ ' W t JL ^ TWV ' O? To£oTai Xal ol 

'Aypidvs? sfyov xoXu xaxoxoiTjtJTj to.? xoXs^iou?, o?tivs?, sxeXOouaYj?^? 
vuxto?, 6x£xwpiQ(jav si? t6 <ppoupiov. 

'O 'AXs^avBpo? sxsicr0Y) 6x6 ttj? aTuxo3? TauTTj? dxoxsipa?, otc yjvo 
dBuvaTOvdx6Tou @d0ou? sxsivou vd tuxtj tou axoxou^svou. "Exs^s Xotxov 
tyJv vu/,Ta 8id tivo? dvBp&? sIBtj^ovo? tou toxou syypacpov BiaTayfjv 
el? tov nToXetialov, xa0' yjv, iav tyjv i touaav Ystvyj dxox£tpa £t<; Gscrtv 
tivA xXY]ai£<JT£pav toQ IlToX£^a(ou xat e^oBo? £X tou (ppouptou xaTdc 
twv ex£pxo[Ji£V(ov, auT6<; &cp£iXe Va xaT£X0Yj dxo tou u^ou<; xai vd Extxlayj 
xaTd Td VWTa twv icoXe^liwv, xpoaxa0wv e'x xaVToq Tpoxou vd £vw0^ y.£Td 
Toij 'AX£^dvBpou. Kal touto iyEive. 

Ttjv e'xauptov 7.(av xptot 6 (iajtXeus YaTaTO xapd tou? xoBa? tou opou?, 
xa0' o 6 Yl^oXe^ouoq slx£V dvaS-p. 01 'Ivool £Tp£^av jjlet' 6X(yov ex£la£, iva 
ux£paaxta0d)at ttjv ctevtjv dTpaxov, xal ^£XP^ l^£V tt^<; [Lzcr^b piaq epidxovTo 
xeiau^aTcoBlaTaTa, ex£iTa Be Tjpx^av ot xoX^tot dXfyov vd uxoxwpwjcv. 

'O IlToX£tJLaIoq £xpa^£ xdv t6 BuvaTov, xal x£pl ttjv laxlpav ot X£p? *h 
'A>.£?avBpov dviSfjaav ttjv dTpax6v xal d^cpoT£pa Ta <jTpaT£u^aTa Y^vci)0Tjaav. 
'H ejx£uayL£VTj uxoxwpTjat? t6v £%Q?C)V xal t6 e^£y£p0£V yivo<; tcov dvBpeto>v 
auTou yLaxTjTWV xapexivTjaav tov gaatXIa vd xaTaBtw^Tj tou? ^EuyovTa? 'Iv- 
BougjYvaTffwqivTy^ijtpTTjgTapaxTJgEcaStdjY) ttjv e'icoBov s??t6 9pouptov. 
dXX' dxeTux£, StoTt T&eBacpo? t^to xoXu gtevov xpo? IcpoBov. 

'YxExcopr/as Xotx6v el? t6v uxo tou IlToX£[xacou x a P axw ^£VTa >,6?ov, 
offT'.? x a l XT 3^0T£po? wv tou $>pouptou £x w P^ £T0 dx' auTou Bt'£up£(a? xal 
£>a0c(2? cpapayyo?. t Hto Xoix6v ixdvayxE? vd ux£pvtxrjaTj Ta? Toxtxd? xau- 
T2? B'jjx-P 8 -^?* y - a ^ V( * wXifjpwqQ ttjv (pdpayya Btd x^aTO?, Yva TouXdxtGTOV 
xA^j'.djYj t6 cppouptov ixl tojoutov, wct£ Ta ^Tj[j.aTa vd q/0dvcoatv ef? Td 



IST0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 149 

tsCx"^- 'Ax6 xpona*; tyj<; sxo^£vy)<; r^Lepaq tjpx^s t& epyov* 6 Qaai'keuq "tjto 
xavTaxouTcap(i>v,eVaivwv, xapoTpuvwv xal outo<; £xiXa^6avo^£vo<; tou epyou* 
xavTWV Be ^coiqpdx; ajJLtXXwyLevwv, dxexoxYjaav BsvBpa xal epp^Oiqaav eiq t6 
^aOoc;* xexpai ^sydXat dxs6XY]GTqaav, x^a dxs<7G>ps6GY), xal yjBtq koto to ts- 
Xo$ Tfjq xpwTiQi; Tj^jLspa^ £xsxw<jGiq sxxaatc; Tptax-oduv ^txdxwv. Oc Bs 'Iv8ol 
KazaysXtivzeq iv dpxfj tyjv xapd6oXov toutyjv i^ixeig^iv, S^YjTYjaav tyjv sxa6- 
pcov vd xapafttoXuatoai t6 spyov, dXk& t6 x^ a e ^X £ xpoxwpTja^ tocioutov, 
cdctts dx* outou ot c^svBovTtoi x.al a? (jlyjxovoI ttjBuvovto v' dxoTps^oxjc tt?jv 
ecaSoXrjv outwv. T^v sxtyjv Tj^ipav t6 x^o slxs <pGdafl xToqdov Kopu^YJq 
foou'^ou<; xpoq t6 ^ppouptov xaTsxopiivrjg B' 6x6, twv xoXs^jugjv. Tocutyj*; y] Bca- 
TTQpYjac? y) xotoXyj^k; eu-eXXs vd xptvfl xspl tyjc; tux?]<; tou <ppoup(ou. Hilyoq 
ixtXexTwv Mox,sB6vg)V dxl^Orj xot' outyj<;, x,al ijpxtcis 9pixu>BYj<; [L&xri' k<x\ 
06x65.6 'AXs^avBpo*; sBpa^xsv ixslas, YjyoufJisvo^ tow aco^aTocpuXdxwv tou, 
^jistoxoXuv Bsxal ^syav dywva yj Ttopusp^ exupcsuGYj. Touto xal yj dBcdXscxTOc; 
xp6oBo^ tou xw^oTOc;, oxsp ouBev xXsov yjBuvoto v* dvaaTdXfl, evs6a\s tou? 
'IvBouq et<; dxsXxtacav, oti Bsv 0d BuvYjGwatv i%\ xXsov vd dvnaTaOwaiv svav- 
Ttov ixGpou, o<ttc<; outs 6x6 gpdxwv outs 6x6 {tapdGpwv dvaxaiTftUtai, xal 
ocTtq xapeax 2 TT ^ V xaTaxXirjXTixiftv dxoBsc^cv, otc yj GIXyjjk; xal t6 aGsvog tou 
dvOpcoxou etvai ixava vd 6xspvix,Yj<iouv xal tov eax^ov (ppayfjiov, ov tq 9uat<^ 
sGyjxs Bed twv xsXwpfwv aurrjc; B-rjtJuoupYYju.dTG)v, xal vd tJiSTOTps^Yj outov s!<; 
[jiaov xp6? ix.xXYjpaxjiV twv ?B(g>v outou axoicwv. 

v Exs^^ av ^otxov XYjpuxa xpo<; t6v 'AXI?av8pov, xpoTstvovTsc; vd xapa- 
Bwawat t6 (ppouptov 6x6 suvo"c'xou<; opouq* dW laxoxouv xatpov ^ovov vd 
xep£ifja(i)jt ^£XP l TY 1 < 5 vuxt6<;, iva Btd pLuaTtxoJv 6Bd>v e^eXOwat tou <f>poup(ou 
xat Btaaxapwatv efq ty^v xsBtVY)v x^pav. 'O Bs 'AXI^avBp*; swoirjaai; ty^v xp6- 
6saiv outwv, dxsaups to<; <puXaxd<; tou xal d<pYJ%sv outoux; dvsvo%Xif)Tou<; vd 
dpxtewaiv tyjv dxoxwpiQfftv. 

EIto Bs ixXl^aq sxTaxoafou<; OxaaxtaTac;, dxYjXGs Bed vuxt6<; eiq tyjv xl- 
Tpav, y.7.1 y^px^s v' avappixdTot Td s'yxoTaXscipOsVTa tsix^Q* outo<; Bs t^to 6 
xpwToq dvaSdq. 

'Acp'ou Bs Bts6Y]<jav xal ot xsp! out6v eiq Bidq>opa ^epiQ, ixsxsaov xdvTsq 
ytST* dXaXayu-toV y.aTd twv siq cpuyfjv eTot^a^o^evwv xoXs^xcwv* xal xoXXoi 
\xh toutwv dcpovsuOiQaav, d'XXoiBs TcaTSxpYj^vtaGTQcrav dq to ^dpaGpa, tyjv B' 
Ixtoucrav siaY)X0sv 6 gtpot6<; 6x6 tou<; riy^ouq twv aaXxcY^wv s(<; t6 <ppou- 
piov tyj? IleTpaq. 

, Aa^tXsIq y.ai su$)p6auvot 6uatat ixsa^paYtaav t6 a'tatov t!Xo<; extxstpY]- 
ascog, yziq y.6vov s(<;tyjv sutoX^iovtou 'AXs^dvBpou %<x\ zlqity dvBpscavTwv 
aTpaTtwTWV outou t^to Buvoty). 'H b%()QW3iq ir\q dxpoxoXsox; yju^yjGtq Bed 
V£G)V Ipywv, y.a/.sBovtxT?) 9poupd xaTSJTaSiQ iv outyj, 7.al 6 Y^ys^wv StafxoT- 
to<;, oaTt^ y.aTwp6(i)as v' dxox.TY)a]Q ty^v s'jJLxtaToauvYjv Tou^aatX^wg, BtwpfaG-r) 
(ppoupapxo<;auTYJ<;. 

*H xotox^) tow (ppoupcou toutou y)to Xtav axouBafo xp6q BtacpuXa^tv 



150 ISTOP1A TOT METAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

TYJ<;£7u<(Ta£s 'IvBtx.7Jq)),BtoTt £B6axo^sxdcnr]<; tt}<; x£BtdBo<; tt)<; ^£Ta£u2oud- 
ctou, Kw^-rjvog, xal 'IvBou, tyjv oxotav £xc6X£X£t ti<; exetGsv eVt tuXta ^axpdv, 
w<; xat tyjv au^6oXY]v tou Kg)9yjvo<; ^sxd tou 'IvBou. 

'Ev toutok; dvscpdvTQaav ev tyj x^P? ™ v 'AaaaxYjvcov IxtxtvBuva xivrj^aTa* 
6 aBsX^poq tou iv Maaaayoc*; xstjovuog 'Aaaaxirjvou, auXki^aq GTpaTOV 20, 
OOOdvBpwv xai 15 eXstpavxcov, etasSaXsv els tcz cpta tyj<; dvco x«pa<;' to <ppou- 
ptov AupTa y^to uxoxstpcov aiiTOu, yjXxi^s Bl oti t6 dxpoatTov tyjc; dypcac; 
TauTYj? 6p£tvfj<; x^P a £ TCpo£<puXaTT£V auTov dpx,ouvTG)i;, xat yj Ixt xd xpoaw 
xopsfa tou @a<jcXsG)<; e^sXXs jjlst'o6 xoXii vd Btoqrj et<; auTov xatpov vd Ixex- 
Teivfl tyjv Buva^juv TOU. 

'AXXd Bed touto yjto dvayxatoTaxov vd l£ovT<i)0f]. W O0£V d^a ixxop0Yj- 
ca<; tyjv "Aopvov 6 QaaCkebq laxsuus \Leid Ttvtov x^'dBcov t^tXwv GTpaTtwTaw 
%gbq Td AupTa tyjc; dvco x^P ^- 

*H Be e't'BYjatc; tyj<; £x,aTpaT£ta<; auTou Yjpx£ae vd Tpe^fl £t<; (puyfjv tov 
yiVYjaTYjpa tyjc; Yjy£[iovta<;* ^l£t' auToO B£ l^uyov xal ot xdTOtxot twv xeptxw- 
pwv. 

*0 $aGt\£u<; £X£^ £V su0uc; aw^iczTa Ttva oxwg BEtXtdawst tyjv x^pav xat 
dvtxv£u stoat t6v <puydBa Y)Y£tiovaxat xpo xdvTWV avetipaxri touc; ^XIcpavTac;. 
Ma0(bv B£ oTt xdvT£<; xaT^cpuyov elq Td xpoq dvaToXd? dypta opYj, eBpa^e xa- 
Toxtv auTwv. 

Iluxvd BdcYj ocaXuxTOuat toutoik; tou? toxouc;, xat 6 aTpaT&<; y^to fjvay- 
y.a<s\iivoq [Leia xoxou vd dvocyYj tyjv oBov* cuXXa66vT£<; BeTtvac; 'IvBou?, e[j.a- 
6ov oti o? (X£V xaToixot Bt£6Yj<iav tov 'IvBov %od xaTlcpuyov sc<; to xpdxo<; tou 
'A6uadpou, tou? BsEXicpavTat; B£xax£VT£ tov dpcG^ov dtp^xav iX£u0£pou<; vd 
vs^wvTat xapd tov xoTau.6v. 

Tots ^X0£ xal aTtcpoq 'IvBwv aTpaTtwTwv ix tou 9£uyovToc; aTpaTOu, ox£p 
Buaap£<TTY]0£V hid, tyjv dTuyJav tou ^y£u.6vog £aTaacaa£V, dcpov£ucj£V ocutov xat 
M\uae tyjv y.£cpaXY)V tou Y)y£u.6voc;. 

Mr) GIXcov Xotxov vd y,aTaBia)XTQ GTpaTov aveu apx^you ziq toxou? dvoB£u- 
tou<; 6 'AX^avBpoq xaT^X0£ y.£Td tou aTpaxou elq louq xapd tov 'IvBov Xet- 
♦iwva, oxax; cuWdbyi touc; IX^avTa?* dxoXou0oupi£voc; Bs uxo 'IvBcov 
xuvr^ywv twv s^cpavTcov ixpaxY) £c<; dypav auTwv xac B6o jiev xaT£xpTQ^v((j0Y]- 
aav, o? Be Xotxol ffuv£XY]90Y]aav. 

'EvTau0a BiItoc^s vd uXoToyiYjawatv dx6 tuv xuxvtov Baawv twv xapd t6v 
'IvBov xal vd vauxYjY^ffaxjiv" Ivto<; 6X(you ivauxTQyrjGr) xoTa^toc; gt6Xo<;, 
oxolov $£V elx^v tBy) £G3<; tots 6 'IvBoq' i% 9 auTou Be 6 Qact.'ksbc, ocutoij xaT£- 
xXsuustov eupuvxoTau.6v, ouTtvoq d^cpoTSpat at 6x0ai ixaXuxTOVTO ux6 xoX- 
Xwv xoXewv xal ^wpiwv* xal xpoa^Yyca-sv scgTYjv y^upav tyjv ux6 tou *Hq)at- 
ctiwvo? 7.al IlepBty.ou ^sux0£^av tjBy) ixl tou 'IvBou. 

At dyriyriGziq at (jlexP 1 ^ f)^tov X£ptao)0£laat Ixcppd^ouat [X£Td ^g>y]p6ttq- 
To<;Td<; tax u P^^ £VTUxo')a£t<;, oaa? £xpo^lvY](T£V stqTov Ixtyj? 'EaxEptaq GTpa- 
t6v 6 v!o<; outo? EvBtx6<; xocjao?, £tg ov £taY)X0£V dxo tou sapo? tou 327. 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 151 

Ot 6x£p(isysG£tq tuxoi T-qq cpucrstoq, yj xXouata $XdcjTY]<rtq, Td^spa %(xl 
Td aypta ^wa, ot dvOpwxot, yj Oprjaxeia y.at Ta y]6yj osutcdv, 6 Tpoxoq tou xoXt- 
TsusaGai /.at xoXs^sTv, Td xdvTa TJaav EVTauGa q"svoTpoxa zat sxxXY)y.Tt/,d* 
xat xdvTa Ta Gau^aata, oca BtrjystTat 6 K/nqataq xat 6 'HpoBoToq xspt auT(ov, 
EcpatvovTO xoXu y-ocTO)T£pa T-rjq xpay^aTtxoTYjToq. Met' ou xoXu B' S^eXXov 
vd evvoYjaoxjtv 0Tt oca pixpt touBe sIBov, -rjaav (jiovov Td xpoGupa tou veou 

TOUTOU XO(J[JLOU. 

Ilapd t6v 'IvB6v saTaG^suasv 6 aTpaToq, oxo>q dvaxauGfj d%b tg>v y.6- 
xGcov TYJq xzi[Lzgtyf}q sxaTpaTstaq elq tyjv opstvrjv xwpav, y,aG' rjv saTpaTsu- 
aav ot xXeTcjtoi twv GTpaTtoncov. "Exstxa Be XEpl ttjv apx*) v tou sapoq f]TOt- 
pid^ETO vd Bta6f) tov xoTa^ov, svtaxuGstq uxotwv au^axtx.wv CTpaTsu^dxtov 
tq>v rjyspiovtov TYJq Ext TaBs aaTpaxdaq. 

Tots sv£<pavta6Y]aav stq tov @aatXsa xpsa6stq tou Y]y£^6voq twv Ta£iXo>v, 
o'tTtvsq, ^£6ata)ciavT£<; auTov i% veou x£pt TYjq a<pocjtu)a£(i>q toO Becxotou au- 
twv, £7.6[xtaav Etq tov £aatXsa xsXuTt^a Bwpa, 3,000 Upeia, 10,000 xp66aTa, 
30 s}.£<pavTaq, 200 TaXavxa dpyuptou %od TEXoq 700 'IvBouq cxxstq, tyjv 
au[A(Jiaxtx,Y)v cujjiSoXtjv tou Bectxotou gcutwv* xapsBtBov Bs stq tov ^acrtXsa 
xatTYjvxpwTEUouffavTou Yjyspiovoq, Xa^xpdvxoXtv [X£Tac;u tou'IvBou xal TOU 
'YBdaxou. MsTd TauTa BtsTai;£V 6 ^aatXsuq vd dytdcwcjt tyjv Btd6aatv tou 
'IvBouxat sTEXsaGrjaav cxxtxotxat yu^vtxol dywvsqxat Ouatat sx$ T-rjq oxGY]q 
tou xoTapiou, Ta Be tspo: -rjcrav xaXd. Outw Be dpq"a^ivY)q T-qq Bta6d<j£G)q tou 
(XEydXou TCOTa^ou, ^£poq yiv tou aTpaTou Bts6Y] Btd Trjq xXwTYJq yEcpupaq, 
d'XXot Be ixEpatcoGYjaav sxt dxaxcwv, 6 Be ^aat^suc; %al i] dxoXouGta auTOu £xt 
Bud TptaxovTopwv iizkr^heq xpoq touto xapEay,£uaa[JL£VG>v. 

Ata V£(ov Guatwv EwpTtzaOiQ fj atata axoxEpaxwatq if^q BtaSdasox;. MstA 
Be TauTa xporjyEV ^ [AEydXiQ aTpaTtd, oBEuouaa xpoq to: Td^tXa Bta fxiaou 
X^pwv xo^uavGpwxcov zal Bta T^q £aptvYJ<; xsptSo^YJq y.£xo<j^Y](JiEVtov, %<xl eIxe 
xpoq ^oppav \xev Ta u^TQ^a xtovo<rx,£XY) opig Ta cxiQM- a,T ^ 0VTa ^^ ogioc tou Ka- 
c{iip, xpoq votov Be Taq dx<xveiq y,at Xa^xpdq xsBtdBac; Tdq dxoTsXouaaq tiqv 
y.eaoxoTa[jLtav tou 'IvBou xal tou *YBdc7xou. 

Mtav wpav xp6 tyq xp(OT£uouaY)q sIBs ^jiet' exxXy3?£(o<; ^ aTpaTtd tote 
TCpovrov Touq 'IvBouq ^XEtvouq y u^voaocptaTdq, oitivs? yupivot, (xovd^ovTsq, 
c«/,tVY]TOt ux6 Tdq (pXoyspdq dxTtvaq tou (XEaY]^6ptvoi3 ^Xtou xat Taq zaitouxt- 
a^T^q ueto)Bou<; wpaq e^steXouv t6 tepov Epyov T^q sauTwv sux^q. 

"Ots 6 'AXs^avBpoc; ixXYjataasv stq ttjv xoXtv Td^tXa, e^yjXGsv Etc; xpo- 

UXdVTTQCtV a^TOU 6 Y)y£U.a)V (JLETa ^£yt(TTY](; XO^JLX^q, (A£Td ZEXOa^TQ^EVCOV iXs- 

(pdvT(ov, ivoxXwv dvBpwv x,at OTpaTiwctx^q (xouatxrjc;. Kal dcp* o5 BtETa^sv 6 
3aatX£u<; tov CTpaxov vd aTaQfj xat xapaTaxGyj, 6 r\yz\xd)V xposXaaac; T^q dxo- 
XouGtac; ^XGs xpoq tov 'AXs^avBpov, zat /atpETtaaq euasSdcjTwq xapsBw^sv 
Etc; auxov t6 TtpaToq %<xi eauTov. 

M£Ta touto 6 'AXs^avBpoq Yjyouyisvoc; tou CTpaTOu 7,at e'x^v xap* lauTW 
t6v ^ys^ova etaYj^aasv etq tyjv Aapixpdv xpwTsuouaav. 'EvxauGa Bs xpoq 



152 UTOPIA TOY METAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

TtpLTjv tou ^syaXou (taatXsw;; ETsXsaOYjaav xoXXal sopiat, tg>v oxotwv rfjv 
Xa[X7up0TY)Ta sxYjugrjasv T) xapouata xoXXwv tjys^ovcdv T7jc; xwpag, oKtivss 
slxov sXOtj xpoacpspovT£<; Bwpa xat tov csSaa^ov to>v. 

l O 'AXs?avBpo<; sxExupwas xdvTwv toutwv Tag xtyjcsk; xal sxs^stsivs 
Ttvwv ttjv sVtxpaTEtav xaTa rrjv ExtOuuJav xal ttjv d£tav auTwv, ?8t<o<; 8s ttjv 
tou Ta^tXou, ouTt? xpo<j£Tt xat Bwpa IXa6s xoXuteXtj Btd ts ttjv ^sptpivav, 
[Xc6' tjc; OxsBsxOt) W {isaTju-SptvTjv CTpaTtdv, xat Bed Tag ExavstXirj[Ji[xsva<; 
c?tXocppovTja£i?, (ieO* d>v xpouxfjvTTjas tov £aatXea. np£c6Et<; xal Bwpa -rjXOov 
xa! xapdTou «vo[Jidpxou» Ao£dp£(o<;. 

Kal 6 'AStadpTjg sx tou KaauJp sxeu^e xpsa6£t<; ecq Td Td^tXa t6v dBsX- 

90V TOU {JL£T(Z TtoV dplCTWV TYJ q XCOpa?' Ex6[lt<7E Bs OUTO<; 8d>pa TtJJLaXtpT) X£t[JlTJ- 

Xta, sXsfpavroBovTa*;, Xextgc 6cpda[AaTa xatxavToTa xoXuTtu.a xoc^Tj[i.aTa,xal 
e6e6aC»ae tov ^aatXia X£pt ttj<; xttJTTjt; dcpofft(Dcr£tL><; tou 7jY£fji6vo<; dBsXq/ou, 
BtaOEuaaq oXoaxsp&g ttjv {jluotix^v uxo<JTTjpt£tv, tjv ouTO<;xapscx£ BtjGsv dq 
tou<; 'AffuaxYjvouq. 

Ildx; tots BtYjuOsTTjOTjaav t« xpdyjJiaTa ttjc; (jis<joxoTa|jitou %&p(xq, Bsv 
8uvd[is0a aa^dx; vd YVtoptuou-sv, xdvTcx; o[xgx; at [jtsv sBacptxat sxsxTdff£i<; £Xtj- 
cpOr^av sx ttjc; £xi TaBs aaTpaxsta?, xdvTsc; 8s ot yjye[jl6vs<; iTsOTjaav uxo ttjv 
sxtxuptapyjav tou 'AXs^dvBpou' "taw? 6 TaHt'XTjc; sXaSs ttjv TjysiJ.ovtav twv 
evtsuOev tou *Y8d<rxou uxdpxwv" dxo touBs TouXdxtffTOV auTOu (jiovov y(v£- 
Tat (j.v£ta xaTd Ta<; xpo<; tov 'AXs^avBpov G%iaaiq. 

"AXXoj<; ts o[Ld)q sv ttj xpg>tsuou<jtj auTou xaTsaTatiTj (JiaxsBovtXT) <ppoupd 
xat Iu.£ivav 0! dxo^axot* y) Bs Xsyo[asvt) ((tvBtxTj caTpaxsta)) e'ooByj st<; tov <£(- 
Xtxxov, tov utov tou May v dTa, ocTtg tjto daog ttj^ axouBaiagTauTTyq GlaEwg 
Btd ts ttjv £xt?dv£tav tou Y£ vou< ? y - a ^ ^ t£ z TT% i v rcoXXax<t><; dxoBEBstyu.ivrjV 
s:<; tov ? AXlHavBpov dcpoacwaiv. 

*H£xapx'.aauToux£pt£Xd^6avsxdffavTT]V£XTaatvTYjV£xtT^(; 8s$ta? oxOrjg 
tou 'IvBou, zxyj Be 6 ^(Xtxxo? xal ttjv exoxTEtav xdvTwv twv aTpaTsupidTcov 
twv xaTaXEicpOivTwv elq to xpaTO? tou Ta?(Xou xal twv aXXwv ^y£[x6vd)v. 

v Otc 6 Tjy£U.wv twv Ta?cXwv •jcpogsxoXXyjSyj togov xpoOufxcx; eti; tov @a- 
atXIa, toutou t6 a'rrcov 6d t^to t^ zyfigot. t) dvd {xeuov auTou xal tou taxupoTa- 
tou yEiTovoq, TouTjy£ix6vo<; IIwpou, tou xaTayopLlvou xcOavwq ex tou dpyacou 
yivou<; twv IlaoupdSa, oaTt<; xlpav tou xXYjatsaTaTou xoTau.ou *YBdaxou 
^cegxo^s xpdToug i% sxaTov xal xXiov xoXewv cuyx£t[X£vou, xal eI^ev ec<; 
Ta? BcaTayd? auTou d?toXoyov xoX£[xtx-rjv Buvau-tv xal cufx^axouc; xoXXouq 
tqv xX^aioxtoptov Tjy£[j.6vo>v, (idXiaTa Be tov tou Kaa[icp. 

01 Bl dvTixaXot xal auTou xal toutwv twv cu[xpLaxwv ^aav xapd {ilv 
t6v 'Ivoov 6 yjyeu-wv tgjv Ta^tXwv, i% hk tou dvTiOsTou pLepou? ot iXsuGspot 
Xaol tg")V dvr^ptBwv t6v *I(jLaXatd)v, tcjv {jL£aoxoTa[xto>v xwpwv, twv xlpav tou 
'Axscfvou xal tg>v xdTG) x^pwv tou nEVTaxoTapiou. 

*H dctdXXa-/.TO<; E'xGpaTO'jTwvTGJv ((dSaatXsuTwv)) ('ApaTag) xp6<;T0u? 
V,^;J-ova<; — d)V iV/upoTaTos; f/TO 6 ITaoupdSa (icTa^u tou * YBdaxou xal 'Axe- 



IST0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 153 

atvou — xapiXus ttjv dvTtiruaatv tou xXouatou xat xoXuavOpwxou MavT^dx 
evavTiov ttj<; daSoXrjc; tg>v 'Eaxspcwv. 

*0 'AXI^avBpoq £X£[i<J^ v ex tgjv Ta?tXwv xpog tov IIwpov xat xpoaexdXe- 
aev auT&v va tov xpouxavTYjar) etc; Ta opta tyj<; ^ye^oviaq xat va tov xpocxuvV)- 
afl. *0 B£ II<i>po<; dx£xpt0Y) oti 0d x£pt^£t\Yj £voxXo<;tov ^aatXia xaTaTd[i£- 
06pta tou xpaTouq, TauTOXp6va>£ Ss xpoasxaXscs tou<; aupipidxous vd ext- 
(jTpaTsuffwat xat xapsxaXsas tov Tjye^ova 'A6taapY]v, otJTt<; xapd Tag vsgxjtI 
BoOefaag Bta6£6ataxj£t<; x£pt Tfjg dcpocrta)<7£(i)<; auTou £tq tov 'AXI^avBpov £lx£v 
ux©<7X £ GfJ v ^ ^e^T) £xtxoupta<;, va xI^yj auTa<; Taxeox;, auToq Be wp^iQae 
xpo$ tov xoTa^xov tov xaTa Ta ^£06pta tou xpaTOug, xat scTpaToxeBsuuev 
i%\ zf\q aptaTspaq auTou ox0yj<;, £X WV dxoipaatv va xwXuqr) Bid xavToq Tpoxou 
toQ ex0pou ttjv BtdSactv. 

TauTa ^xaGwv 6 'AXe£avBpo<; exe^ £V oxtao) et<; tov 'IvBov xoTapiov tov 
<7TpaTY)yov Kotvov, BtaTa?a<; va BtaXuaY) Ta xXota tou xoTa^t'ou ctoXou xpo? 
pi£Ta<popdv auTwv Bed ^Yjpdq xat va ^STaxo^taf) a tad £(p' d^xa^wv, oaov TaxtaTa 
ei$ tov 'YBdaxr^v. TauToxpovox; Be dvl^eu^sv 6 dTpaTog extwv Ta^tXwv 
(leTaTdc; £t0ta(jiva<; 0uda<; xal touc; yu^vtxoug dywvaq' xpo<7£Te0Y]aav Be etq 
auTov xat xevTe xcXtdBeg'IvBot GTpaTttoTat tou TaqtXou xat twv xXiqat ox<o- 
pwv Y)y£U*6vG)v' ot eXscpavT£<; oaoug 6 'AXs^avBpot; IXacpupaywyYj^v £v Tfj 
'IvBtxfj, y) IXa6£ Bwpa, xaTeX£t<p0Yjtfav 6x(<jg>, BtoTt ot ^ax£Bovtxot 'c'xxot Blv 
fjaav auv£C0C(j^£vot elq Slav auTwv, xat xpog toutoc? T^av xpoaxo^a [jlovov 
etc; tov (BtatTepov Tpoxov tyj<; £xc0£tj£6>q twv Max£B6vtov. 

Ka0' 6B6v Yjpxtaav ot xpd)Tot 6^.6pot twv Tpoxtxwv u£twv' ot xoTapiot 
lpp£OV xXY]6ci)pt"/,wT£pot, at Be 6Bol £Y£tvav Buj6aTO)T£pat, xat auxvat xaTat- 
y(B£q xat XatXax£g £X£6pdBuvav xoXXaxwq ttjv xopsfav. 'ExXiQJtaaav dq Td 
[A£<7Y)(x6ptvd opta TYJg Y]y£^jLovta<; twv Ta^tXtov, oxou [xaxpd xat 6X(yov aT£VY) 
6B6q I©£p£V £tq ttjv £xtxpaT£tav tou SxtTaxou, auyy£vou<; xat aufi^dxou tou 

TIcopOU* T) (7T£VOXOpfa £X£tVTQ £tX£V aXOxX£t(T0fj UXO Td)V aTpaT£U^LaTO>V TOUTOU 

tou Y)y£^.6vo<;, twv xaT£xovTG>v Toug £xaT£po>0£V Xotpouc;. 

'AXXd Btd Tpopt£pou Ttvoi; £Xty^xou twv txxiwv, d>v Y)y£tTO auT&<; 6 'AXi- 
^avBpoc;, xaTaxXay£VT£C ot £X^pot, £?a)a0Y)aav twv 0£C7£wv auTwv xat toctou- 
tov iaT£voxwpT)0Y](jav, wgts ^jlovov a^ou xoXXouc; axwX£aav £^y)X0ov £t<; ctva- 
x£XTa^.£VY]v xfiBtdBa. 'O Be SxtTdxrjc; x^ptq va ax£cp0-n xXiov x£pl ty]<; d(xu- 
vy)<; ttj? Yjy£^ovta<; tou, Iax£uae (Ji£Td tou uxoXotxou twv aTpaTtwTwv auTou 
xp6<; tov ITwpov. 

Auo xeptxou Y)^jL£pa<; y.£Td TauTa 6 'AXi^avBpo*; ecpOaaev et<; tt?)v ox0t]v 
tou 'YBdaxou, oaTt«; Twpa etxe xXaTog ax £ ^ ov X^Xtwv Btaxoctwv &Y]^aTo>v* 
ixl Tfj? dvTtxipav ox0T]<; i(patv£TO t6 £upuxwpov (jTpaTox£Bov tou. ^aatXio^q 
ITwpou xat oXoc; 6 aTpaTog xapaT£Tay^ivo<; slq (xdxiQv, xp6 auTOuBI wast 
xupyot (ppouptou Tptaxoatot ^dxt^xot £X!<pavT£<;* xap£TY]pY]0Y) OTt exaT£po)0£V 
dxEGTaXYjaav oux 6Xtya aTtcpY) xpoq £vtax uacv T ^ v (puXaxwv twv xaTa jjltjxoc; 



154 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

xyj<; ox0yj<; xou xoxajjiou xat ih'aoq %gbq ExtxYjpYjutv xwv o^tytov xopwv, oaoug 
d<pYjv£V Ixt Bta6axou<; to dvutpG>0£v uBwp. 

'O 'AXe^avBpot; xax£VOYja£V oxt yjxo dBuvaxov vd £ta6fj x6v xoxajxov xpo 
xwv ocpBaX^wv xou ex6pou, y.at eaxpaxoxsBsucsv £xt xyj<; Be^tag ox0yj<; dx£- 
vavxt xwv 'IvSwv. KaJ xpwxov {lev Tjpxtas Btdk xoixiXwv y,tvYja£cov xwv cxpa- 
xsu[xdxo)v va xXava xov e^Gpov x£pt xou xoxou xa6' ov £a/.6x£t vd 8ta6fj, xat 
vd xaxaxovfj xyjv xpoaoy.rjv auxou. 

Tauxoxpovttx; §z 8t£xa^£ 6V dXXcov jxev ccxoaxaa^dxwv xou axpaxou vd 
xaxa(jxox£uao>at xyjv ox0yjv xaxd xd<ra<; xdg 8t£u0uv<j£t<;, 8t' dXXwv 81 vd <po- 
poXoyYjffGxit xyjv £xtxpdx£tav xou Sxtxdxou xyjv £ax£pYju.£VYjv xwv [xa/Yjxwv au- 
xyj<;, xat xavxax60£V vd <?uXX££(i)crt xoXXd £xtxY)8£ta ax; dv £t 8t£VO£txo vd 8ta- 
xpt^T) xoXuv ext xpdvov £VxauGa" xaxG)p0G>cr£ §£ vd 8iao*(o<7Yj xyjv (pYj^nrjv xauxYjv 
xat eiq xo £x0ptx6v cxpax6x£Bov, oxt xaxd xauxYjv xyjv wpav xou Ixouq £vou.t^£ 
(k6a((o<; dBuvaxov xyjv Btd6a<rtv xou xoxapiou /.at oxt £axox£t vd xept(j.s(vYj x6 
xiXoq xYjq topaq xwv uexwv, tva £xtx£tpYjq() xyjv 8td xou xoxa^ou £xt0£atv, 
oxav xo uBwp xaxax£(7Yj. 

'AXXd <tuyxP° vg> ? a ' BnjvexeTs xtvYjcj£t<; xou (Jiax£Bovtxou txxtxou, 6 dvd- 
xXou$ xat xaxdxXouq acpoBpa x£xXyjpg>u.£V(ov dxaxtwv, £xav£tXYj[Ji[Ji£VY) I^oBoq 
xwv 9aXdyytov, aixtveq xoXXaxtq £xt a>pa<; oXoxXYjpouq £^.£vov uxo xd oxXa 
xal dx; eic, [idxYjv xapax£xay^£vat £v fiiacp payBacac; ^pox^, 0d £V£6aXov 
xov Yjy£[x6va Ilwpov efc 8tYjV£XYj cp66ov atqmBtaq xtv6<; £xt0£<i£G)c;. Auo VYjatBta 
£v xa) xoxapia) xap£lxov dcpop^d? £?<; fxtxpdt; dtJH[Jiaxtaq, ^? °u £<pacv£xo oxt 
xauxa, dv auv£Xpox£txo axou£atox£pa (xdxYj, 6d Yjaav axouBatox; ixtxatpa. 

'Ev xouxotq £{Jia6£V 6 'AXI^avBpoq oxt 6 £v Ka<r(jilp 'AStadpYj? xapd xd<; 
v£waxt £xavaXYj90£taa<; Bta6£6atcoa£tc; x£pt xy^? d^oatwaEwc; auxou 8xt (jl6vov 
aX£^£tq ^-ucjxtxdc; Bt£XYjp£t xpo<; xov Ilwpov, dXX' yjByj xat [X£xd xdaYjc; xfj? 
Buvd^JL£0)(; auxou xpoaYjpX£xo vd ivwG^ (jlex' auxou. Kat hh y^xo ^jlev ouB' 
£? dpxYJ? axoxcx; xou ^acrtXstix; vd Bta[Ji£tvYj xa0' oXov xov xpdvov xwv uexwv 
dxpaxxo? £xt xyj? 8£^td<; 6x6yj<; xou xoxa^ou, dXX' yj sYBtqjk; auxYj xapwxpu- 
vev auxov Ixt jjiaXXov vd ax£<p0Yj axo uBatax; x£pt xax£ta<; ixt6ea£0)q, ixetBrj 6 
dyo)v xaxd xtov yjvg>pl£vo)v xou 'A6tadpou xat Elwpou axpaxiv Y^Buvaxo vd y£t- 
vyj BucxspY)?, dv ^yj xat £xtxtvBuvo<;. 

'AXX' o\L(x>q Y^xo dBuvaxov vd Bta6fj ivxauBa xov xoxa^ov xp6 xwv 6<p0aX- 
[jlwv xou £x0pou, Stoxt yj y.kv xotxYj xou xoxajjiou Iv£xa xyj<; xXYj0wpa<; xat ir\q 
6p[i.YJ?xou uBaxog-^xo ixtatpaXifjg, yj B£xa^XYj dx£vavxt ox0yj y^xo X£vaya)- 
Byj? xal gop6opa)BYjq* 0d y^xo Xotxov xapaxoXpiov vd 0£XYjayj xt<; vd oBYj^Yjayj 
xd<; (pdXayyag £t? xyjv ox0yjv xou uxo xd @IXy) xuxvwq xat da^aXwq auvx£xay- 
tAlvou i%Qpou. TiXoq h* £xp£X£ vd XaSyj xtg ux' o^tv oxt ot ^ax£§ovty.ot 
't'xxot, xxoou[i£Vot uxo xYjc; 6a[Lric xat xy^<; ^pax vw ^ 0U ? 5t P au T Y l?' i:wV £X£cpdvxa)V, 
o'txtv£<; dxdXuxxov xyjv dxivavxt ox0yjv, yj0£Xov xpoaxa0Yj(JYj vd cpuywat xat dxo 
T wv ax £ ^ twv va x£tj(oatv £t? tov xoxa^ov, xat ouxax; yj0£Xov xpo?£Vtqgtyj xt?jv 
ixt/.tvouvoxdxYjv xapaxYjv. 



I2T0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 155 

Kat o[Hi)<; t6 xdv yjto vd BiaSwacv elq t^v avTixspavox0'qv.Acd touto BisTa- 
£ev 6 'AXs^avBpoq'xEpl ytiaaq vuxTaq vd ^x^ a(l)fflv a < aaXxtyyec; iv T<p ffTpa- 
toxsB(j> 0opu6o)BtO(;, o? IxxeT<; vd xposXaaoxro scq Bcd^opa yiipYj Tfj<; ox0f]?, 
x,al jjlstos dXaXaY^ou x,ac 6x6 tov fjxov tg>v aaXxiyywv vd eTot^aaOwacv elq 
Bcd6aacv, to: axaTta vd sVxXe usual xal (paXayye? 6x6 t^v Xa^ tv T & v xupwv 
tuv vuxTocpuXaK&v vd $aBc^<i><7t xpoc; tou<; xopoug. 

ndpauxa %od t6 dx0pw6v CTpaToxsBov s'GopuSyjGy), o? e'XsqjavTss xpor)- 
Xaaav, Td GTpaT£uu,aTa s'SdBtaav xpo<; ttjv dcx/r^v, zat xsptsyiscvav ^£XP S T *J? 
xp(ofa<; Tfjv sx(0scrcv, tJtk; Bev systvs. T6 aTpaTYjyirj^a exaveX^cpGiQ zal Konrd 
Ta<; Ixo^Evas vuxTaq, xat 6 Hdgoq s6Xsxsv sauT6v xdvTOTS sx, vsou ^xaTYjui- 
vov* dxoxa^wv 8s vd xpaTfl Ta GTpaTsu^aTa tou jxaTTQV sxl vfixta? oXo/,Xy)- 

pOU<; lxT£0£l^SVa £tq TTjV fpOxV K«t TOV aVS^LOV, Y)pX£a0TQ £t<; T6 Va EXtTYjpf) 

t6v xoxa^Lov Btd twv <juvyj0gv axoxuv. 

*H Be^kz ox0tq tou xoTa[xou KaiixeTai 6x6 aeipa<; Tpaxswv X6$gv, oKti- 
V£<; ix,T£ivoVTat £xl Tpca y,c>aa xpoq Ta avw tou xoTa^oD y,al Ixee dvu^ouvTat 
£t<; ^£ydXa xal BaawBt) opY), xapd ttjv @op£iav xXituv tw^ oxotwV xoTayuov ti 
£ia6d>.X£t e?<; t6v *YBdaxY)V. 

'Exei oxou y(v£toci t) au^SoM) 6 *Y8daxY)<;, o<mq dx6 toO Kaa^tp I'wq 
£xeT p££i xpoq votov, afyvirjq ^£Ta6dXX£i ttjv Bc£u6uv(tcv tou cjxsBov JtaT' 6p0Y)V 
ywvfav, xal £^a/,oXou0£lT6v pouv xpoq Bua^d<; ix^v Iy. Be^cwv piEV ttqv Tpa- 
X£tav 6potj£tpdv, 15 dptarEpwv Be supscav %<x\ sucpopov x£BtdBa. 'AxivaVTt TYjq 
ywviaq tou opouq y.al x,aTO)T£p(o tyjc; auyi6o>,YJq £X£tvou tou xoTapifou %elicxi 
iv T(I) xotoc^o) -^ 6tpY]XiQ xat Baaa)B7](; Vrjaoq Fta^dB, dv(i)T£po) t^<; oxoiaq 
Bca6acV£i tov *YBdaxY]v r\ auvY)0Y]<; 6B6^ tou Kaa^xtp. Outo<; ^to 6 toxo<; ov 
6 'AX£?avBpo<; e^eX^s xpo<; Btd6acrtv. 

'Ax6 Be tou gtp<%tox£Bou y,aTa ^ifj/,o<; t^<; 6x0^]<; elx s Ta X^f] o-etpcz (puXa- 
7.wv elq au^L|jL£Tpov dx'dTwXifjXwv dxoaTaatv, waT£vd ^Xdxwvxat y,a^ v'dxouwv- 
Tai* at cpwvai Be ccutwv, tcz xupd twv vuxTocpuXa7,(i)V, y.alTa V£a xtvTfjyLaTa twv 
(jTpaT£u^dTO)V xXiqatov tou aTpaToxIBou 0a svlSaXXov tov £x0pov see; xXyjptq 
dxaTYjv x£pi tou toxou T^g ^lsXstw^Ivtqc; 8ca6da£(o<;, 5v 8£V ^TO ij8Y] <JUVY]0l- 
ayi£vog vd ^ Xa(JL6dv]Q xXiov to? TotauTa 6x6 axouBatav exo^tv. 

'O Bs 'AXI^avBpoc; yLa0wv otc 6 'AStadpr^c; dx£txs Tptwv jjlovov Y]pL£pwv 
6B6v, xpoYjTof^aas Td xdvTa Xvoc ToX^Tjay) tyjv /.ptai^ov xpoa6oXYjv. Kal 6 (jlev 
KpaT£p6<; £XO>V tyjv 4auTou txxapxtav, Touq \%%elq twv 'Apax^TWV y.at Ila- 
poxayuaaBwv, Ta<; cpdXaYyaq tou 'AXuetou *at IIoXuax£pxovTO<; %a\ Touq 
x£VTaxtax^' 0U( S avBpa<; twv 'IvBwv vo^apxwv, £^£ivs xToqato^ tou aTpaToxi- 
Bou' xpoY]YY£X0Y) Be vd Yjauxa^TJ ^e^ ^XP t( S °& '^TQ touc; dx£vavTt xoXs^tout; 
r\ dx£pxo^£v'ou<; tou aTpaToxiBou ^ xXiqacov auTou T)TTT]0£VTa?. 

'Edv Be xapaTTQpTqay] otc a! £X0pwal Buvd^Etc; BcflpE0Yjc7av, tote, Idvyisv ot 
VkiqoLVizc, E^LEtvav dxlvavTt auTou i%\ Tfjq dxTYJq, vd jjlt?) ToX^Yjayj t*?jv Btd6a- 
aiv, idiv "hk dxif]X0^^a v xp6<; Td d'vw tou xoTayiou s'vavTtov twv xapd tyjv vrjaov 
§ca6aiv6vT<t)v Max.EB6va)v, w^eiXe xap£u0u<; ^L c Ta xavT6c; tou ad)|jLaTOc; auTou 



156 1ST0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOT 

vd Bia6jj tov xoTa^6v,.£X£tBYj piovov ot iXscpavisq xapelxov xpo<ix6^aTa slq 
ixtTUX*) HxSaatv txxiXYjc; tivo? xpoaSoXijc;. 

Aeikepov B£ aw^a, cuyx£t[X£vov ex twv cpaXdyyov MsXedypou, TooYtou 
xal 'AttccXou xal ex x£^a>v xal txxlwy jJLtaOoipopwv, xporjXaaev uxo tov Aa- 
ytBYjv IlToXs^alov iv xal Yj^'.au ^(Xtov xpo<; Ta dva> tou xoTa^ou xal xapYjy- 
YsXGyj, euGuq <b<; ?8ifl tyjv ^dxYjv dp^a^evYjv xepav tou xoTapiou, vd Bt£X0fi 
aux6v. 

Autos Be 6 ^aacXsug dvaXaSwv Tag txxapxtac; tou 'HcpatJTtGJVOc;, tou 
lUpBtxou, tou Airj(JujTptou xal to ux6 tov Kotvov dyirj^a twv £Tatp(ov ixxswv 
Touq 2x60a<;, BaxTptou; xal SoyBtouc; txx£tc, tou<; Ada? txxoTO?OTa<;, Tag 
XtXiapx^a? twv uxaaxtaTa>v, Tag cpdXayyaq tou KXsitou xal Kotvou xal 
Toug 'Ayptdvac; xal To^oTag, dve^su^s tyjv xpwt'av £x tou aTpaTOxsBou. 

"Axaaat auTat at xtvYja£t<; £Buax£pdv0Yjaav [lev uxo tyjs dxaTaxauuTOU 
$goxr]q, dXka TauTOXpovax; dhcexp6q>0Tj<jav dxo twv 6^yidT(ov tou exBpou. 

Ilpot; xXsioTepav 6s datpdXeiav 6 ^aaiXeug £xop£ii0Yj oxt<70£v twv xapd 
tyjv o'x0yjv u^yjXwv Xocpwv elq tov toxov tov xp6<; BtdSaatv exXexOlvTa, xal 
eyOajev exsi 6<]>k tyj<; £ax£paq. Td S£ SiaXeXuyieva xXotdpta, osa 6 Kotvos 
£l^£ \J.£tQMQ\J.fofi £X tou 'IvBou, uu v£XY]x0Y]<7av xdXtv xal dx£xpu<p0Yjaav oxt- 
a0£V tou xuxvou Bdaouq' ixoptj0Yjaav Be xat Bt^Ospat xat Boxol xpoc; xaTa- 
ax£UYjv Bt<p0£pivtov x£pa[xaTG)v xal (7X£Biwv. 

At* oXyjc; B£ Tfjq vuxtcx; YjaxoXYjBYjaav luepl tyjv xpoxapacrx£UYjv tyjc; Bta6d- 
a£0)c; xa6£Xxuo\T£<; Ta xXotdpta, xXyjpouvt£<; Tag Btcp0£pa<; xdpcpYjq xal <jtu- 
xtou xal xYjyvuovT£<; axe^iaq. <£o6epol ojx&pot xal xaTatytB£<; xal XafXaxsq 
auveTsXsaav, &<7T£ y) xXayyfj twv oxXcdv xal 6 xtuxoc; twv tsxtovwv vd ^y) 
dxouiT0f5 etc; tyjv dvTtxspav oxByjv, toBsxuxvov Bdaoc; tou opouq xal tyj<; vyjjou 
dxexpuxTS Ta xu pa twv ^axsBovtxwv vuxTocpuXaxwv. 

IIspl tyjv xpcotav exoxaasv y^ GusXXa xal exauasv i] Qpoyri' 6 Bl xoia^6<; 
l?oyxd)0£l? Ipp6x0ct xapd Ta<; u^YjXdc; dy.xaq tyjc; vyjjou* 6X(yov dvoTspa) 
TauTYj^e^sXXs vd Bta6fj 6 aTpaToq. 

Kal 6 y.£v ^ajcXsuq xapaxoXou0ou^svoc; 6x6 twv aw^aTo^uXdxwv IIto- 
Xeyiatou, IIspBcxou, Auac^d^ou, uxo Tou SeXsuxou tou dpxYjyou twv ^aai- 
Xtxwv uxaaxiffTwv, xat Ttvwv IxtXsxTtov uxajxtaTwv, iizibt] tyjc; TptaxovT6- 
pou, YjTt<; xpwTYj dxIxXsuasv* exl twv aXXwv TptaxovTOptov sTxovto ot Xot- 
xol uxaaxtaTat, ^xl BstLv dxaTtwv xXotaptwv, axsBtwv, Btcp0£ptva)V xspa^d- 
twv ot txx£t<; xal ot x£^ot* ot au^xavT£q 4,000 txx£t<;, 1,000 txxaxovTtJTat, 
ax£B6v 6,000 uxaaxtaTal xal teXo<; ot ^tXol twv x£^wv, ot 'AyptdvEc;, o? 
dxovTtJTal xal ot TO^OTat <b<; 4,000 dvBp£q. 

At Buo <pdXayy£c; £(jL£tvav £xl tyjc; Ss^tag ox0Y)?, Vva <puXd?o)Jt xal ixtTYj- 
pVwjt tyjv u^tqXyjv xat SaawBY) dxTYjv tyj; vrjaou' dcp' ou B£ xaplxa^^av Tifjv 
^6p£tov dxpav, eIBov tou? txx£T<; twv £x0ptxa)v xpoaxoxwv, o"TtV£<; d^xa (Bov- 
T£<; xpoaxXlouaav tyjv Buva^tv TauT^v dxY)X0ov dXauvovTE? dx6 puTYjpoc; Btd 
tyjc; oyiaXYjc; x£BtdBoq. 



12T0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 157 

Ouxo) Xotxov rj exOptxT) o^Oyj dicey u^vcdOy) ^axiQTwv xat ouBet? uxfjpxev 

Yva xioXuay) ttqv Btd6aatv. '0 'AXe^avBpo? tjto 6 xptoTo? xocTiqaac; ttjv oxOtjv, 
jjl£t' ccutov Be xpoaifjpa^av at dXXat TpraxovTopot' jjlst' ou xoXu YjxoXou0Tj<je 
t6 ixxtxov x.at 6 ixtXotxo? cTpaToq, x.at ivTcx; dXtyou cuveTax0Yjaav xdvTe? 
elq cpaXayyag xopetaq, iva faBtawatv. 

'AXXd tots eyvco<j0Tj, oti euptaxovTO £%l VYjaou' BtoTtTo op^YjTtxov peuyia 
tou xoTa^ou, outivo? T) xocTY) evTau0a a?9Vi8t(i)<; xa^xTstac xp6<; Buapidc;, efye 
uxosxd^Tj to xapd ttjv ox0tjv xa|AT)X6v eBacpoc; xat efye ax^^axcar) veov @paxt- 
ova sxovxa d?0ovov uBwp. 'Ext xoXuv wpav ^aTatax; x.at xtvBuveuovTec; e^Tj- 
touv vdeupwat xopov Ttvd ot txxetc;, BtoTt xavTaxou to uBcop tjto xapaxoXu 
$a0u x,at eupu, xat evo^juaav oti ouBev aXXo uxeXetxeTO, et^Tj vd xeptayd- 
yaxjt TaxXotdpta xal Bt<p0eptva xepd^xaTa xept ttjv dxpav TauTTjv ttj? vtjcjou. 

'AXk' 6 ^eytaTOc; xtvBuVoq tjto oti ex, ttj<; eVueu0ev xpoaepxopiivTjc; XP°~ 
voTpt6Tj<; 6 ex0po<; exepB'Xe x.atp6v xpo? dxoaToXirjv pieydXou aTpaTtG)Ttx,ou 
awyiaTog Buvaiievou vd Buax s P^ v 73) *) xat dBuvaTOV vd xaTaaTTjaTj ttjv Btd-- 
6aa'.v. 'Ext TeXoug eupe0T) ^ta Osatg xopsuat^oq' ^£Ta xoXXou xoxou dvTe- 
aTTjaav et<; to peuyia dvOpwxoi xai ixxoi, BtoTt to uBwp ecp0avev etq tou? xe- 
^oug ^expt tg>v jJiaffTWV, ot Be Yxxot elxov yiovov ttjv xecpaXTjv uxepdvw tou 
uBaTog. 

'OXtyov xaT' 6Xtyov Td Btdcpopa TtATj(xaTa BteSrjaav etc; ttjv dmxepav 
ox0tjv* ev xuxvfj Be xapaTa^et Be£ta [ih ot Toupdvtot ixxeiq, xaTOxtv Be a? 
^.ax.eBovtx.at 't'Xat, exetTa ot uxaaxtcTat xat TeXo? ext Tfjq dptcjTepdc; xTepuyo? 
t6 ^tXov xe^txov i^extvYjaaV exetTa Be aTpacpe^Teq ext Bei;td eSdBt^ov /.cad 
t6v pouv' tou xoTayiou BteuSuvo^evot xpog to ex0ptxov aTpaToxeBov* Yva Be 
(x9) xaTaxovfj tou<; xe^ouq, BteTai;ev 6 'AXec;avBpoc; vd exwvTat gpaBewc;, a6- 
Toq Be ^xeTd xavToq tou txxtxou y.at twv 6x6 tov Taupwva to^otwv xpoY]- 
yetTO dxexwv Y)^taeta>' wpav* BtoTt evo^ov oTt, dv ^.ev 6 Iltopoc; dvTexe^Yjp- 
XeTO y.exdl: xdarjc; ty)? Buvdtxeax;, ocuto? 0d YjBuvaTO Yjyou^evoc; tou e^atpeTOu 
xal twv 'IvBaW dvwTepou txxtxou v' dxotidxYjTat ^exP^ ou ^®TJ T0 ^^'-^ov* 
idv Be ot 'IvBot, ixxXayevTe? 6x6 ty)<; atcpvtBtac; auTou e^avtcreox;, r]0eXov 
^xoxwpifjaTj, 6d elxev txavouq tou? xevTaxtcxtXtou? txxet? xpo? exeXaatv xat 
x.aTa8i(o$ev. 

*0 Bellwpo?, dcpou T)yyeX0Y) uxo tgjv ixaveXGovTtov xpoaxoxwv auTou, 
oti y-eya xXyjGoc; aTpaTeutAdTW.* exepxeTat, xaTd \xkv to xpcbTOv' evo^taev oti 
tjTO 6 'AStadpY]? ix. tou Kaa^tp xal 6 aTpaTog auTou' dXV tjto BuvaTo^ 6 
auixpiaxoq auTou vd xapaXet^r) tyjv dyyeXtav oti epx£Tai; r\ TouXdx'^TOV, 
dcpou Bi£6y) t6v xoTaytov, vd ^ tov xpoetBoxotTQayj xeptTTJ? atata? ocutou dcpt- 

'AXX' t^to xX^ov xoXu 9avepov, oti ot dxo6dvTec; rjaav MaxeBoveq, oti 6 
Ix6p6<; e^eTeXeaev dxwXuTax; y.at sxitux^? ttjv Btd6aatv tou xoTa^ou, r^ziq 
dxrjTet 6uatav x^tdBwv dvBpwv, xat OTt ot 'IvBot Bev 0d YjBuvavTO xXeov vd 
BiacptXovetxTjutocu tiPjv xpoq eauTOu? oxQyjv. 'Ev toutocc; Td aTpaTeupLaTa, 



158 UTOPIA TOT MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

oaa eiBov ox? rjaav exi xapaTETay^iiva £xt ty)<; amxepav 6x0y)<; %gbq Td avw 
xat xaTd) tou xoTa^ou, cexeBeixvuov oti to x£pa>> tou xoTa^ou xpoaxoaxaXsv 
aw^a Sev TqBuvaTO vd slvat xoXu axouBatov. 

*0 IId)po<; Xotxov g>9£cX£ vd xpd£fl xdv o,ti fjTO Suvaxov, oxcog, ce<pou 
dxa? touto 6c£6tq tov xoTa^ov, axoxo^yj xat e^ovrwafl auTo* wcpstXs ^XaBrj 
vd excxstpTjcjY) tyjv sxcGeatv, yjtic; Sid twv dp^xaTWV tou xat tg>v IXecpdvTWV fyuo 
tocoutov suxoXoq xat ax££ov £xi6£6Xy)(J-£vy]* dXV dvTt toutou £<pp6vTtas y*6- 
vov iw? exi tou xapovToq v' dvaxaiTiav] tyjv xpooBov tou IxGpou, xat v' dxo- 
<puyT) xdaav xptat^jiov (idxYjv, \Li%giq o5 eXGy] 6 'AStadpY]?' Ixs^^s Xotxov 
xaTa t(ov MaxsBovwv tov uiov auTOu (X£Ta 8iax^' wv txxswv xat sxoctov sTxo- 
<jtv dp[idT(ov, eXxi^wv oti oY auxwv 6d YjBuvaTO v' dvaxatTiqg tov ^aatXia 
'AXeJavBpov. 

*0 'AX^avBpoq i8wv to aw^a touto sxepxo^evov Bid twv xapoxGiwv 
Xsijjlwvwv, ouBsv dXXo evo^usv, y) oti 6 Ilwpoc; £xyjpx£to ^£Ta xavToq auTou 
tou aTpaTOu, xat OTI TO Opto^VOV JXOVOV Y)TO s^xpo J0O(puXaXY), O0£V £t£Ta£s 

Toug txxeTq ocutou vd sTot^aaGtoaiv elq ^dx Y 3 v * dXXa xapaTYjpYjaa? IxeiTa, 
oti 6xiJ0£V toutwvtwv txxlwv xat dp^iaTtoV Bsv yjxoXo 60£t a"k\oq azgazoq, 
IBwxsv su0u<; tyjv BiaTayrjv" tyj<; exi0£<7£G)<;' xai exixecjovte*; xavTaxo0£V o\ 
Toupdviot txxets xaTa tou £x0pou £0opu6ouv xai x£pi£xuxXo)vov auTov' ot 
he Max£B6v£g xaTa X\otq £X£ti0£vto. 

MaTYjv ot 'IvoVi e^yjtouv v' dvTiaTa0G)jiv yj vd uxoxtopYjawaiv* Ivtoc; 6Xf- 
You, xaiTot dvBp£ioTaTa d\Lu\6\Ls.voi, xaT£Tpoxo)0Yjaav 6X£ax £ pw<;'T£Tpax6aioi 
(iiv £X£aov V£Xpot iv t w xe8((p tyj? ^dxYjq, £V olq xai 6 ulbq tou y]Y£^6voc; j 
Ta Be dpyLaTa dBuvaTouvTa vd 9UYWJI Tax£W? £V tw ^aXaxw xat xY]Xa)B£t 
£§dcp£t tou 'kzi[LQ>voq, Ix£aov £i<; Tac; xelpaq twv Max£86vwv oYtivs? Twpa 
xaT£Btwxov ^£Ta xX£toT£pai; ^£(7£0)c;. 

Ot xepiffwOevTeq £X tou BtaaxopxtaGlvTog aw^aTOc; ixlaTp£^av dq t6 
aTpaxox£Bov cp!povT£<; tyjv dyy^tav ttj<; tJttyj? twv, tou Gavdxou tou YjysyLo- 
voxatooc; xat tyjc; Ixt Ta xpoaw xop£taq tou 'AXe?dv8pou. *0 IIwpoc; TWpa 
[lo^iq xaT£VOY)a£v, oxolov 1x0 pov dx^v dx£vavxt tou, xai oti yJto xaT£X£tyouaa 
dvayxY], iv oaa) dx6[AY) yJto BuvaTov, vd xpoXdSiq Ta £xax6Xou0a twv yj^iteXwv 
tA£Tpwv, Td oxoia £X£Taxuvov ^ovov tov xfvBuvov. 

*H {Jlovy) awTY)pta -rjTO vd £xix£cjy) £u0uq jJL£Ta xoXux"XY]0£<TT£pa<; Buvd[JL£(i)<; 
xaTd tou £X£pxo^£Vou £x6pou xai vd i?oXo8pe6ff]g auxov, xpiv IdS-Q xatpov 
vd auva0potaY) x£p* iauTov xX£toT£pa (TTpaT£u^aTa, xat outo) vda9atp£C7Yj t6 

T£X£UTatOV X^£OV£XTY](Xa, OX£p stxEV dx6(XY) 6 ITwpOg, TO TOU X£plJ(70T£pOU 

xXyj0ou<;. 

'AXk' £xp£X£V o[iuq i] dxlvavTi tou piax£Bovixou GTpaTOxiBou 6x6iQ vd 
Ijltj Y'jiJLvwOfj, ^va t^Tj 6 xpo auTfjg £TOt[xox6X£ti.o<; aTpaTog ^tdaYj tyjv Btd6aatv 
xat dx£tXY] xaxd Td wxa tyjv xapaTagtv twv 'IvBwv. 

Aid touto 6 Htipoq xaxIXixev iv tw aTpaToxIBq) 6Xi'you<; Ttvd? £>i<pav- 
Taq xai xoXXdq x i ^ l< ^ 8a< 5 avBpwv, tva ExtTYjpwai Ta? xivY)a£t<; tou KpaTEpoO 



I2T0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 159 

xat cpu^aTTwat ty)v ox0?)V auTO? Ik s^wp^iqasv ivavTtov tou 'AXs^dvBpou, 
Ix<ov oXov auTou to Ixxtxov, 4,000 t6v dpi0^,6v, Tptaxoaca xoXs^Juxd ap^axa, 
TptdxoVTa x^«^ a ? xs^ou? xat Biaxoafou? EXscpavTa?. 

'Aip' o5 Be Biy)X0e to sXwBe? sBacpo? tou Xstpiwvo? tou sxteivo^ievou xXy)- 
a(ov tou xoTapiou, xat e£y]X0sv et? dvaxsxTa^ivov d^wBs? xsBtov, oxsp yjto 
su0etov Bid ts tyjv dvdxTU^cv twv GTpaTtwTxwv auToD Buvd[A£wv xat Bid tyjv 
x(vy]<tiv twv sX£(pdvTWV, xapETa^EV elq jxdxYjv tov aTpaTov auTou xaTa tyjv 
(vBixyjv auvYjBstav* dq ^jl£V to jjistwxov £Ta^£ tyjv <po6spdv a£tpdv twv Bcaxoafwv 
EXE^dvTWV, o\'tive?, BcaXsixoVTE? ax' dX)o]Xwv xsvTYjxovTa @Y)[jiaTa, xaTsT- 
Xov sBafpo? svoq xspcxou yutXCou, xaTOxtv Be toutwv dq BsuTSpav xapd- 
Ta^iv ^TaxQ^Q to xs^cxov xaTa stc^y] £§ IxaTov xsvTYjxovTa dvBpwv tA£Ta£u 
Buo iXscpdvTWV IxaaToV el? Ta TeXeuTaTa CTttpY] tyj? Bs^tocq xal dpiaTspd? 
xTspuyo?, a'lTive? e^eteivovto xspiaaoTspov tyj? a£ipdq twv eXeqjdvTWV, xaps- 
Tdx^^^av Biax^ tot txx£iq exaTepw0£v* Ta Be Bug a* pa tyj? ^axpdq xapaTa- 
5sw? ixpoaTaT£uovTO I'xaaTov ux6 sxaTov xevTYjxovTa dp^aTwv, exaaTOV Be 
toutwv Eipsps Buo bickhctq, Buo To^oTa? txEfaTo^oug xal Buo wxXia^evou? 
tyio%ouq. 

*H Buva^uq TauTTQ? ir\q xapaTa^sw? cruvfaTaTO elq louq Btaxodou? i"ke- 
9avTaq, wv yj evspysia 0d yjto tojoutov ^dXXov <po6spa xa0' oaov to txxixov, 
iy' o5 6 'AXs^avBpog eIxe Ta? iXxtBaq tyj? Vixyj? exsivy]? tyj? Yj^ipa?, Bsv 
Y^to ixavov vd tou? avTi^ETOxiayj. 

Tw ovti iiziQeviq xaXw? Bis^ayopilvYj YjBuvaTO i§ dxavTO? vd i?oXo8pe6(JTj 
tou? MaxeBova?' oi sXs^avTEg e^op^iwVTS? xaTa tyj? xapaTa^sw? twv xoXe- 
puwv xal xpoaTaTEuo^EVOt uxo twv xaTa ^spo? T^Yj^aTwv tou xe^ixou, ox; 
dxo ^Y]xavwv ixTO^suovTWV, 6d YjBuvavTO vd Tps^waiv elq 9uyr)V to ixxcxov 
xal vd auu-xaTY]aa)at tyjv (pdXayya, to dk IvBcxov Ixxtxov xai Ta xoXs^ixd 
dpyiaTa vd xaTaBiw^wai tou? cpsuyovTa? xat vd xwXuawat tyjv Six tou xoTa- 
^ou <puYT)V xal auT-?) Be y) xa0' uxEpSoX-rjv ^xTETa^svY) xal tov i%%pb\> xoX6 
uxspcpaXayYi^ouaa xapaTa^i? YjBuvaTO vd elvai xoXu TsXsacpopo?, dv Ta dp- 
jiaTa xai ixxsl? &£ dyicpoTEpwv twv xTEpuywv sxsxa^xTOV djxa Tfj 6p^ twv 
s'XscpdvTWV, xal Ixexixtov elq Ta xXdyia twv xoXe^jliwv. 

'Ev xdaif) xspixTwasi 6 Ilwpoc; wcpsiXsv, d^a (Bwv tou? xoXe^lcou?, vd 
xpoa6dX]Q auTou?, Yva ^ly) d^aYj sf? tov ex0?ov to xXsovEXTYj^a ttj<; ixtGiasw? 
xat JBfw? tyjv exXoyyjv Ixstvou tou ^spou?, oxou e^jleXXe vd dpxiqg tyjv (JidxYjv. 
'AXX' ^BisTaas* xal 6 'AXs^avBpo? tov xposXa6s {JLETax£tpia0£i? Ta xdvTa 
xp6? '(Biov auTou ocpsXo?, jAETa xspiaxs^sw? xat toX^lyj?, yjtc? ^jlovy] YjBuvaTO 
vd laocpaptafl xp6? ty)v dpi0jJLY]TtxY]v uxspoxYJv twv xoXe^iwv. 

*0 %&poq ov xaTEtx^v 6 {Lmghq auTou aTpaTO? dxsvavTt twv elq ^dx^jv 
xapaTSTaY^£vw>> xoXejjl(wv xat twv dXscpdvTwv auTwv, y^to ^jloXi? t6 TETapTov 
tyj? ^xTaasw? tt)? ix^P tx ^ xapaTa^sw?. Kat ^VTau0a, oxw? xat iv Tat? 
xpoYjYOu^svai? auTou jxdxac?, yjto Yjvayxaa^Evo? vd xpoxwpfj Xo^w? xat vd 
dxtx£afl liETd xdaYj? ty)? og^q elq ev jidpoq. 



160 - I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

"ExpExe — xat \l£tt. tg>v aTpaTtwTtov auTou TjBuvaTO vd ToXpLYjarj to toi. 
outov — cncevaVTt tou dBE^tou xXy]0ou<; twv xoXspuwv vd sxtTsGf) pisv Tpoxov 
Ttvd Bt' dxs<7xao>£VG>v T^Yj^aTcov, EXEtTa Bs vd xsptpiEtVT] ox; dxoTsXsa^a tt)<; 
vtxiQ<j>6pou auTWV xposXaaswc; ttjv sv xat pep T(I) Bsovti auvsvwatv twv 

T^TQpidTGJV TOUTCOV g{^ TOV XpOaiQXOVTa TOXOV. 

'ExstBt) Be T) uxspox*) tcov 'IvBwv auvtcrraTO st? tou? sXs<pavTa<;, sxpsxsv 
Tj y.pCac(i.oq xpoa6o7.Yj v' dxoipuYr) auTou?, vd ystVYj §£ evavufov tou da0svsaTa- 
tou [Legouq Tfjc; exGpixTJq xapaTd£sw<;, xat iva TeXefax; sxituxy], vd exTeXejOfj 
Bi' ixstvcov twv aTpaT£u^aTd)v J)V tj ux£pox^ tjto dva^cptaS-qTYjToq. 

'0 'AXs^avBpoq slxs xevTaxiaxiXtous taxsis, sv a> 6 sx0po<; xa0' £xa- 
Tspav ttjv xTspuya slxs Btax^ous ^6>ov x£p(xou, omvsq, tocjoutov dx' dX- 
XtqXwv dx£XOVT£?, a)(JT£vdiiYj BuvavTat vd ^O7]0a)VTat, ^jlovov £cq Td xXyjctcov 
auTtov xapaTSTay^isva sxaT&v xevTTjxovTa dp^aTa sfyov d^t'SoXov Ttva uxo- 
anfjpiljiv. 

T6 \kh Xotxov dxoXou0(ov ttjv xoXsiitx-qv auyr)0stav t<Lv MaxsBovwv, to 
Be ixt0upld)v ocov to BuvaTOV xXrjatsaTaTa tou xoTa^ou vd ixtxstpTjar] ttjv 
xpoa6oXT]v, "tva [Lri oXoaxspax; dxou.axpuv0fj dx6 tou dvTtxspav TSTaypiivou 
atoiiaTO? tou KpaTspou, toptasv 6 ^aatXsuq ttjv Be^tdv XTSpuya xpo? syap^tv 
ttj? ^dx^?. Eu0uc; Be wg sIBs ^axp60sv tou? 'IvBouq st<; yidxTjv xjxpaTSTay- 
\ie\ouq, s'xsax 5 ttjv xopstav :wi/ txxswv, ^£XP'? ou sX0g)<ji xaaat at x l ^ ia 9X^t 
tou xsptxou. 

AuTat Be (pXsyo^svat uxo ttj? sxt0utxta<; vd au^xXaxdxrt [ASTa tou e*x8pou 
tjX0ov Tpsxouaat, "va Be xat auTat dvaxvsuawat xat 6 sx0po<; ^sivt} iiaxpj.v 
(ji£Xpt<; ou ot xs^ot ouTOt auvTax0<i>crtv, wcpstXov o! txxs!<; Tfj Be xdxstas ixsXau- 
vovte<; v' dxacxoXwffi-ToO? Ex0pouq. 

M£Td Bs TauTa dTdxQ r ^ av o! x£^of, xpo<; Bs^tdv \xh tj <pdXay^ tou 2e- 
Xeuxou, EXEtTa Be to dyr^a xal at Xotxat xi'kiapxiou 6x6 tov 'AvTtysvTjv, t6 
bXov E^axtax^ 101 xsptxou uxaaxtaTat' dptaTEpd Bs toutcov tyikol xs^ot 
6x6 TovTaupcova."EXa6ov Be BtaTayrjv vd ^r) xtvY]0a)at xpoTEpov, xptv 't'Bwat 
t6 dpUTEpov xspac; twv xoXE^twv xaTaTpoxoj0EV 6x6 twv txxswv, t6 Be xs^t- 
xov Tfj<; BEUTEpa? xa paTaqs(o<; x£ptsX06v e?<; auYX U!7tv - 

Tote ot iaev txxET?, ^jl£0' (Lv 6 ^aatXsuq i^sXETa vd IxtTsOfj, at txxapxtat 
B^XaBr) tou 'HfpataTtwvoc; xal IlEpBtxou xat ot Adat To^oTat, Tptax'Xtot 
xsptxou tov dptG^jiov, xporjXaaav 6Xtyov ti Xo^suaavTE? xpog Ta Bs^td, 6 he 
KoTvoq ix£Ta tou aYTjixaTog xat ttj? txxapxta? tou Ar^r^Tptou TjXaaav xoXu 
IxdXXov xpog Ta Bs^td Xa66vT£g ttjv xapayyEXtav, ^Tav ot dxEvavTt auTwv 
TETaytAEVOi ixxstq twv xoXE^Ltwv dxsXdawatv exI Bs^tt^ xpo<; ^oif]0Etav tcjv 
xaTd ttjv xpcoT^v auppa^tv xXovou^ivwv vd ixixlawaiv st<; Ta vtJTa auTtov. 

'A(pou hk. IxXTjfffaasv 6 'AXI^avBpog ttjv xapaTa^tv twv dx0ptxwv txxswv 
u^sxpt To^suixaTo?, exsh^e xpoTjYoutJLEvw<; tou? xikiouq Adag, h<x Btd x«^d- 
Xj\$ ?»eX(I)V xat tt}<; dxaGsy.TOu 6p^<; twv dyptwv auTwv Iktzuv E'piSdXwjtv zlq 
Tr// aTa^tav tou? 'IvBouq Ixxst?. Autos he ^Xo^eugev eti [xaXXov xp6q 7d 




MErAI AAEEANAPOr MAXOMENOZ A*' mnOY 



IST0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 161 

Ss^td xat xpoq xd xXdyca twv 'IvBwv cxxewv, oxgx; ixixEqfl xax' auxwv yi£xd 
xaanrjq Buvd^jLsox;, xplv Ixi auveXGwatv ex xY)g ixxX^eox; xai xapaxtjg xfjg Ix 
Tijs xpoa6oXijq xwv Adwv xai avaauvxax0£vx£g Buvy]0g><ji v* dvuexeijIXOGxr 

xax' auxou. 

ToV £XlX£l^lEVOV XOUXOV XtvBuVOV £>X£XG)V 6 i%^gbq Io-xeucte vd auyxevxpa)- 
ff]Q xoug !xx£cq xat vd Bcaxdgfl dvxEXEXaatv. 'AXX' opuvrjaag eu- 
0uq 6 Koivog exsxejev elq Td vwxa xwv dxsvavxi xexay^svcov, oYxiveq y}8y) 
ixExau^xxov xpo<; xd Be^td. ^OXsaxepw? Be xaxaxXaysvxet; uxo tou Beuxepou 
xouxou xtvBuvou xai Btaxapax0£vxe<; iv xfj xivrjaei xgjv xauxfl, ix£X£t'pY]aav o' 
'IvoVt vd axYj^aTcawa' BixXouv ^exwxov, oxcog dvxcxapaxax06>cnv e!q dpupoxe- 
pa Td i%TziY.a axicpf] Td cruyxpovw? auxouq dxeiXouvxa. 

*0 Be 'AXI^avBpoq i%i\riq>%eic, lyq (TTty^q toutou tou pLexaaxYJ^axcajjiou 
£v£6aXev ouxax; waxs Bev T)BuvY]0Y]cjav xXeov vd uxojxetvwa: ttqv ix(0£(jtv au- 
toD, dXXd Tax£W? £<puyov ixslOev xai e^YjxYjaev xpoaxaafav oxia0ev irq dv.Xo- 
vyjxou Gsipd? tw; eXecpdvxtov. Tots 6 IIwpoc; Biexa^e xiva twv 0Y]pf(ov vd 
<jTpa<pa)ai xai vd ixeXdatoat ivavxfov tou Ixxixou xgjv xoXeuJtov, oE Be ^axeBo- 
vixol Vxxoi yir) uxoyievovxeg t^v ^paxvrjv auxwv xpauyifjv, evxpo^ot etpeuyov 
%gbq Td oxiaco. 'AXXd xauxoxpovco? exY)pxexo xpoxdBTqv yj <pdXay£ twv uxa- 
(jxkttwv, xaxd xouxtov Be e^wpuvrjaav ol dXXoi eXecpavxeg tyj? xapaxd^ewg 
xat TiPX ta£ <po6epd xai (povixwxdxY) [idxr). Td 0Y]pia Bieaxtov Tag xuxvoxdxaq 
xd^eiq, xat wpuo^eva xaxe6aXXov Bed twv xpo6oaxiB(i>v, xaxexdxouvxal Bie- 
xpuxwv 8td twv x au ^°^ 0VTt0V > xdaa Be xXYjy?) xaOcaxa auxouc; ^avtcoBEiq. 

'AXX' o! MaxeBove? Bev uxexwpYjaaV BtaXuaavxeq Be Tag xd^ei?, Y)yto- 
v(^ovto (bg Iv (JLOvo^axta xpog Ta x£Xa)pta OiQpfa, dXV ouBlv dXXo otpEXoc; 
elx° v > £ ^ JL ^3 ° Tt Bev ^wXoOpEuOrjaav ou§£ xaT£Tpoxa>0Y]<rav. 

'Ex TTJg xpoeXdaEtogTauTiQi; twv IXs^avxwv £v0appuv0£vx£<; ot 'IvBol tx- 
XElg, oYxiveq £txov axEucryj vd auvxax0wcriv, wp^aav oxcog £xtx£0wat xaxd xwv 
MaxeBovwv IxxecoV dXX' ouxot ux£p£xovx£<; auxwv xaxd xyjv aw^axtxYjv pw- 
yiY]v xal xy)v dcrxYjaiv, expe^av auxoug xai xdXtv elq cpuyiQv, ouxtog waxe dx vlou 
iaa)0Y]a-av. 'Ev xouxotq 6 Kolvog, dy6^£Vo<; uxo xa>v x£pcx£X£id)v xyj<; ^Lax"0<;, 
T)vco0Y] ^£xdxwv ixxapx^wv xou ^aatX£G)c;, xat ouxcog YjBuvaxo dxav x6 Ixxt- 
xov cuvtjcjxkt^evov vd xtvr^fj. 

'Etusx'-'Oyj Xocxov ^JL£xd xdaY]q x^g op^g xaxd xou ics^xoutwv 'IvBwv, 
^xEp dBuvaxouv vd dvxiaxaOfj ExpdxY] eJ? dxaxxov <puyr]v, xai Btcoxo^£- 
vov xaxd xc.Bag ux6 twv xoXe^iwv, xaxsqjuye ^exd xoXXdg dxwXefag xpog 
xoug ^axo^evoug eXetpavxag. 

Kaxd xiXidhaq auvsawpeuovxo Ixl xou (ppcxwBoug xsSfou xr^q ^dxY)? twv 
e'Xecpdvxcov' 91X01 xai ix^P ^ cjuvcoaxt^ovxo xpoq dAAYjXouqsv at^axYjpc? dxa- 
?(a' ol iXscpavxeg xaxd x6 xXetaxov axepouu.svot twv oBiQywv, 0opu6ou^svot §£ 
xai ^ayptouu.£voi ex xou dXaXayu^ou xyj<; [l&x t iS v ^ [Lavudheiq ixxd>v xpau- 
y,ax v xax£6aXXov xat auv£xdxouv xdvxag xoug xXiQaid^ovxag cpCXoug xat 
iX$pouq, 



162 1ST0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Ol MaxeBove? exovTe? T0 £ ^pu ^eBcov dvaxexTa[jivov, toaTe vd xivdmat 
iXeuBepox; dicevavTt tuv Orjpicov, uxex^pouv [xev oadxc? exelva dxYjXauvov, 
e^uoqeuov Be xal xaTeBltoxov aiiTa oadxt? exavejTpeipov, ev(ii) ol 'IvBof, ol 6cpe(- 
XovTeg [xsTa^u auTd>v va xivftvTai, Bev YjBuvavTO ^tqts vd xpuffi6<7)fft ultits va 

Kal tIXo? XlyeTat oxt 6 jxiv ELwpoc;, o<jti<; dx6 tou {Jiax^ou auTou i\£- 
^avToq Bteixe t6v dy&va, auvYjOpocae TeaaapdxovTa Irt d6Xa6ij 0Yjpla, Yva ^st' 
auTwv 9cp6jx£vo<; BiaxpivYj tyjv <po6epdv jiaxiQv" 6 Be 'AXe^avBpo? exe^ev 
ivavTtov auT<I>v tou<; to^otoc?, 'Aypcava? xal dxovTtaTa?, oliTcve? iv Tfj Be£co- 
tyjtc auTwv, ots (xev xape^exXivov Ta xaT' auTwv <pep6^eva dypia OYjpla, xal 
^axp60ev xaT£TO^£Uov auTa xalTOu? oBYjyou? auTtov, OTeBe [lztoi xpoaoxYJ? 
£iaxo>poQvT£(; xaTexoxTOV hide twv xeXexewv Ta? XTepva? auTWv, xal xoXXd 
[xev ijByj toutwv ^xuXIovto 6vYjaxovTa £xl tou xXifjpou? vexpwv xal YjfjuOavwv 
xeBfou, dXXa Be iv Tfj avta^upep auT&v [iav(a aupf^ovTa icpepovTO xXovoujieva 
xaldXXYjv (jicav<j>opdv ivavTcovTYJ? xexuxvw^evYj? yjByj <pdXayyo?, yjtk; Bev 
to 6? ItpoSsiTO xXeov. 

'Ev toutok; 6 \xh 'AXe^avBpo? auvYjGpoiae xepav tou xeBfou tyj? [lix^q 
tou? lxxetc;TOU, £vTeu6ev BecuvasxtsOevTe? CTax^Yjaav ol uxaaxtuTal. Tots 
Be IB66yj 6x6 tou SaacXeox; BcaTay^j va ixcxeaoxTi xdvTe? evavTtov twv xepte_ 
^oxj^evwv xoXe^fcov xal Bid tyj? BcxXyj? ixtOeareax; vd auvTpf^wat Td BcaXe- 
Xu^eva auTwv xXyjOyj. OuBel? xXeov dvOlaTaTo' dXX' oaot YjBuvavTO ecpeu- 
yov tyjv q>o6epdv atpayYjv, ol (xev el? Td evBoTepa tyj? xwpaq, ol Be el? Td IXyj 
tou xoTa[iou, ol Be ec? t6 crupaToxeBov. 

'Ex Be tyj? dvTixepav 6'x6yj? 6 KpaTep"? xal ol dXXoc GTpaTYjyoc, xaO'ijv 
efyov BiaTayrjv BteSYjaav tov xoTa^ov xal t^Tj eupovTe? avTtcTaacv axe6Y]aav 
ef<; tyjv aWr^ 6x0r ; v, ^X0ov Be iyxatpw?, Yva BcaBexOwacv elq tyjv xaTaBfw^tv 
touc; i% ty)<; oxTawpou tidx^? xaTaxexovrj^evouq CTpaTtWTac;. 

'Qc; e'txoat x c ^^^ £ ? 'IvBol YJaav ol cpoveuGevTeq, ev ol? Buo ulol tou H&- 
pou, 6 Tjye^wv SxtTaxYjq, xdvTeq ol apxiQyol tou xe^txou xal Ixxtxou xal xdv_ 
Te? ol fjvfoxot xal oBrjyol twv iXe!?dvT' 4 v, Tpcax^ tot ^xicot xal uxep tou<; exa- 
tov iX^avTag xaTexetVTO vexpol ixl tou xeBlou, dq dyBoYjxovTa Be iXe^avTeq 
exeaov elq taq X £ 'P a ? T0 >J vtxr^ou. 

'O ^aatXeuq IIwpoc; (Bwv tyjv [xev BuvapitvauTOu auvTeTpi(ji[xevYjv, tou? Be 
e'XecpavTa? xaTa6e6Xr/[JLevoug xal tov CTpaTov auTou xepte^oa^evov xal 6Xo- 
axepw? BtaXeXupievov, I^YjTYjaeTov OdvaTov iv if} (xdx?j' *<*i M xoXXyJv (xev 
wpav BtejpuXa^ev auTov 6 %pucouq 6wpa^ xal yj xpovoca tou ipepovTO? auTOv 
xtaTOu 6Yjpfou' dXXd TeXo? iTO^eu0Yj xaTa tov Be?t6v C [iov. 

Myj Buvatievo? Be vd e?axoXou0YjaYj tyjv tidxYjv, xal <po6ou(j,evo<; ^ Cw- 
ypr^f) 6x6 twv xoXetxfwv eaTpe^e t6 Oyjpcov Yva e^eX6]fj xfj? aufjixXoxTJc;. '0 
Be 'AXeqavBpo? etxs t^ev xoXXdxt? 'tByj t6v u^yjXov xal yirjpatov 3aatXea twv 
'IvSwv dx6 tou xexoa^YjfJievou 6Yjpfou xavTaxou BtaTaTTovTa xal ixoTpuvovTa, 
0au(JLdca<; Be tov dvBpelov Y^ye^va, eBpajxe xaToxtv Vva <tw<7yj ttqy ^wyjv auTou 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 163 

<peuyovTO<;' dWoc tots xaTexeaev ux' auTov 6 yrigcabq xal xcaToq auTou \l<z- 
Xt(jL0<; txxoq BouxetpaXoc;, e^avTXrjOeiq 6x6 tou xauawvo? tyj<; r}[iip<xc. 

"Exe^e Xocxov tov Yjye^va twv Ta£cXa>v xpoc; tov cpeuyovTa, cBwv Be 
outoc; tov dpxacov auTou ixOpov sc^pe^e t6 Gigptov, xal ev tw eVxaTG) dywvc 
eppc^STO dxovTtovxaTd tou yj ye^Lovo^* dXX' outoc; %dgiq elq TT)VTaxuTY)Ta tou 
Yxxou Bce^uye to $eXo<;. 'O Be 'AXe^avBpoc; exe^ev dXXouq 'IvBou?, iv o\q 
t6v Yjyepiova MepBiqv , dXXoTe cpcXov uxdp^avTa tou ftaaiXiox; ITcopou. '0 
Ilwpog ££avTXY]0ei<; 6x6 tou peovTOc; ai(j.axo? xal (Saaavt^opievof; 6x6 a<poBpd<; 
Bc^Yjq, Yjxouaev auTov dxaOwt;, xal exetTa t6 Orjpcov eyovaTcae xal Bed tyjc; 
xpocSoaxcBog tou tov dxeOeae xaTa yijg. 

ITco)V Be xai dvaxauSecq 6X(yov, xapexdXeae t6v Yjye[i6va MepoYjv vo:t6v 
6BiQYT]afl xpoq tov 'AXe^avBpov. 'IBwv Be ocut6v 6 ^aacXeug epx°^ £V0V > 
eBpapie xpo<; auTov [X£t' 6XcyG>v ex twv qnXwv tou, xai e^au^iaae tyJv xaXXovVjv 
tou yYjpacou "rjye^ovoq.xal tyjv euyevr] d^ioxpexecav, ^ls6* yjc; dv xal yjtttq^I- 
vo<; YjpxeTO xpoq auTov. MeTa Ta<; xpwTaq Be£ca>aec<; XeyeTat otc 6 'AXe^av- 
Bpoq Yjpa)TY)(7£V auTov, x&q Y]6eXe vd tov EX£Tax£tpta6f5* 6 Be IIwpoc; dxe- 
xpiBr]: ((BaacXcxcoc;))' sxecBir] Be 6 'AXe£avBpo<; elxe ((touto [xev 6d xpd^w 
Xdptv e^auTOu, au Be £rjT£i, t( GeXetq uxep aeauTou)), 6 IIwpoc; elxev' <(iv 
TauTD Tfj Xe^ec Ta xdvTa xepcexovTaD). 

*0 'AXe^avBpoq xpoaYjvsx^ ^actXixwq xp6c;Tov Y]TTY]6evTa' yj [leyaXo- 
^ux^a yJto dpfaTY) xoXctcxy)* BtoTt axoxog ty)<; 'IvBixijc; exaTpaTetaq Bev tjto 
y) dpi£(7o<; e£oua(a exl tyj? 'IvBixy}<;, ixetB*^ 6 'AXe£avBpo<; Bev YjBuvaTO hvx 
(jud<; vd au^xeptXd6jf] ecq t6 xepao^axeBovixov xpaTog .t6 twv 'IvBtwv, twv 
oxofwvo dvexTuy^evoc; xat tBto^u-rjq xoXcTta(x6<; toctov dXXoTptwTepoq e^atvs- 
to, oaov dxwTepov xpoe6aivev. 

'AXXd t6 vd elvat xuptog xd(JY)g T^g (xexpt tou 'IvBou x^P a ?> v ^ dxo- 
xtt](77) Be TeXea9opov xoXtxtx^v uxepox^v xepav tou 'IvBou, %<xl vd e^aaqxx- 
Xcutq dvTauOa etq tov (Ju£eXXY]vcy.6v $iov toczuttqv poxrjv, waTe xpo'tovToq tou 
Xpovou vd elvat BuvaTY) xal iq dVevog evwatq Trjg 'IvBtx^q [xeTd tyj<; Xocxyjc; 
'Aacaq' ouTOt cpatveTai ^aav ol axoxol o! BtexovTeg ty)v xoXmxifjv tou 'AAe- 
^dvBpou iv Tfj 'IvBtxfi' o%i tou? Aaoug dXXd jxaXXov tou? Yjye^ovai; Y]0eXe 
vd e^apTYjqfl d<p' eauTou. MeTpov Be T"^q xoXtTix^? TauTigq tou 'AXe^dvBpou 
yjBuvocto vd xapdaxT) ^3 ^XP' ^ouBe 6ecjt<; tou E[a)pou ev Tfj xwpa tou IlevTa- 
xoTa^ou tou 'IvBou. 

'O-TIwpoq elxe Tupo^avwq ^expt TOuBe t5 ^xeBfwxev iv ty) xeptox^ twv 
IlevTe xoTa[i(ov Y]ye[xovcav Ttvd, xal Bed touto e^TQyecpe tt)v ^YjXoTuxcav tou 
rjyetJiovoq twv Ta^fXwv. To xpaToq auTOu xupfox; (xev xepteXdjJi6ave {jlovov 
Tdq e^etpyaa^evac; xeBtdBag Ta? pieTa^u tou 'YBdaxou xat 'Axeatvou, aWa . 
xp6q Bua^d<; \ih tou * YBdaxou elx^ ^6v e^dBeXcpov tou 2xiTdxY)v, xpo<; dva- 
ToXdg Be tou 'Axeafvou ev Tfj TavBapkcBt elxe XdSif) tyjv i^ouafav Bt' auTOu 
xtOavwg 6 dvetyibq auTOu Ild)po<;, xal outox; y^ xoXitcxy) auTOU cax^? £^£xe'- 



164 1ST0P1A TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

vsto xpo<; dvocxoXdq txexpc t0 ^ ^YapamBoc;, o<jti<; dxeTeXec to opiov xpoq 
tou<; auTovo^ou? Xocouq tyj<; 'IvBouif;. 

'ExecBYj Be [idXiaia y)to aupifjiaxoq tou 'AScadpou, eToX^Yjae vd dxTecvfl 
tt)v x £ <P a auTou xal eiq toutou tyjv x^P av ' xakot Be a\ xpoaxdGecoct ocutou 
evaudyYjaocv xaxd tyj<; dvBpetaq toutcov tgjv quAwv, yj uxepox?) o^ax; ocutou 
ev ictiq x&pouq tou 'IvBou xape^iecvev ccva[jicptcj6YjTYjToq. 'O Be 'AXe^avBpoq 
au^Yjaac; oux oXtyov ttjv Buva^tv tou Ta^cXou Bev yjBuvocto vd gtyjpc^yj to 
xdv £xi tyjc; luctJTsox; evoq ^yetxovoc;* yj uxoTayrj xdaYjq tyj^x^P 1 *? T0 "J IlevTa- 
xoTajAOU uxo to axTjTUTpov tou au[x^dxou Yjye^ovoq 6d yjto 6 dacpaXeaTepog 
Tpoxoq tou vd xaTaaTTjffYj jjugyjtyjv eiq ocutov tyjv uxo tou 'AXe^dvBpou i§dp- 
tyjglv xocc 6d xapsTx £V el? ocutov xpoxetpa Td [l£g<x, oxgx; dxoaxaaOYj auTfjq 
xaTd ToaouTov [xocXXov, xa6' oaov yj dpxaca xpo? tov Yjye^ova Ilwpov ex^pa 
6d to) IBcBev euxoXox; d<pop^Yjv,oxG><; au^^ax^TJ l^STd tgW ocutov6[jig>v cpuXwv. 

Atd TauTa 6 'AXe£avBpo<; Bev yjBuvocto vd e'xTJ ocXXo datpocXeaTepov 6eyie- 

XlOV, Yva GTY]pC^Y) TYJV £V TY) 'IvBlXYJ IGX^V OCUTOU, et^JLYJ TYJV^YjXoTUXCQCV T(OV 

Buo toutcov Yjye^ovcov. Ecq TauTa xpOG0eTeov otc, dv dveyvtopc^e tov ITwpov 
&q -fjyepiova, dveXd[Ji6ave §ta toutou xal to BcxacwEJia vd xoXe^YjGYj Td dvocTO- 
Xc7,wT£pa IGvyj kq iy^gobq tou veou ocutou cu^[xdxou, xac exi" tyj<; uxoTayfjc; 
auTwv vd Ge^eXiwaYj ttjv ev TauTat? tocTc; x^poccg exexTOCGtv tyj? tox u0 ? ocutou. 

"Q9£tXe tyjv Buvayuv tou Iltopou i%\ togoutov v' ocu^yjgyj, cogte vd BuvYjQ-jj 
vdTYjvcaocpo'pcGY} xpo<;TYjv tou Yjye^ovogTwv Ta^(Xa)v*Y)BuvaTO ^dXtoTOC vd &\l- 
xtffTEuOfj eiq ocutov xac [xeyaXecTepav Buvafjuv, eti Be xal gcutyjv ty)v i^ouatav 
ixl twv (Ji£Xpi touBe EvavTtwv auTou, BtoTt elvai 3s6aiov oti 6 nwpog y)Bu- 
vaTO vd supY) tou Xoixou to Btxacov xal GTYjptyjJia ocutou xal ivavTcov toutwv 
xal e'vavx'ov tou Ta^tXou ev Tfj suvoca tou MaxsBovo? ^a^tXeox;. 

OuTOt xepfxou Y^aav o! Xoyot, oitive? exetaav tov 'AXe^avBpov [lztx ty)v 
xapd t6v ^YBdaxrjV vcxr^v ou (jlovov vd excxupwayj tyjv iv ia\q xwpatq ocutou 
i^ouafav tou IIwpou, d~kkz, y,at vd exexTefvif) auTa? oux, 6Atyov. 'HpxeaGY] Be 
xaTd Td Buo GxouBatoTaTOC at][iz\a tyj<; BtaSdaeox; tou 'Yodaxou vd x,t(<jyj 
(jtt^eAAYjviy.dt; xoXetg tyjv ^jlsv [x(av exet oxou yj ix tou Kaajjup y.aTepxo^evY) 
6B6g XYjyet ef? tov xoxapiov oxou oc MaxeBoveg BieSYjaav eiq ty)v dxivavTt x^" 
pav tou IIwpou, 6votxdaa<; ocutyjv Bouxi<paXa, tyjv Be oi'k'kriv Buo xsptxou [ii- 
Xta y.axo^TepG) oxou auvexpOTY)6Y] yj (i.dxY), ovo^daat; ocutyjv N(xacav. 

'O 'AXe^avBpogdvexauaeTov axpaxov ocutou ev tyj wpafa tocutyj xac xXou- 
ata x^P'? ^ TC ' 1 TpcdxovTa Yj^epa?' Y) Tatp-rj twv ev tyj [xaxfj xeaovTwv, a! 0uatat 
Bid tyjv vfy.Yjv, ot xocpexopievoi xavToloc dywveq y.at\ y) 6e^eXco>ac<; tg>v Buo vewv 
xoXetov ixXifjpwaav dpxouvTGx; to xpovtxov touto BcdaTY][xa. 

'O Be ^aaiXeug yjgxoXyjOy) xepc Td<; xoXuecBelq BtaTa^ecc;, aiTtvs? e(ieXXov 
vd e^ao^aXcawac Td dxoTeXea^aTa TY^g pieydXYj? aiiToO v(xr ; g. To axouBacd- 
toctov xdvTtov yjto Y) xoXitcxyj vxisiq xpo? tov Yjye^ova 'A6cadpY]v, oaTtg xocpd 
Td<; ivopxGjg cuvoiJLoXoyYjSecQ-ai; guvGyjxocc; BcevoYjGiQ vd ^eTaaxTJ tou xaTd tou 
'AXe^dvBpou xoXe^ou. 



12T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 165 

'AXXd xax'ixeivov tov xpovov Y)X0ev drveXta xaod tou StatxoTTOu, tou 
cppoupdpxou ttjc; 'Aopvou, oti 01 'Aaaaxirjvot, cpoveuaavTec; tov 6x6 tou. 'AXe- 
£dvBpou xaTacrra0evTa Yjyepiova, dxeaTaTYjaav' a! Be xpoYjyou^evac Qrx^ ffei< S 
TauTY]? TfjqcpuXYJc; xpoc; tov 'AStadpYjv xal yj xpocpavYjc; toutou dxtaTta extGa- 
voXoyouv acpoBpa, oti Bev yjto d[JieToxo<; tg>v extxtvBuvwv toutwv xtvY)|idT<i>v* 
oGev ot aaTpdxat Tuptdaxog 6 twv Ilapoxa^taaBtov xal <I>tXtxxoc; 6 ev Tfi 
aaTpaxeta tyjc; 'IvBtXYJg BteTax0Y]aav ^eTa tcov (Btwv cjTpaTeu(JidT(i>v vd xpo- 
Btoctv etc; xeptaToXYjv TYJ? exavacTaaewc;. 

KaTa t6v auTov xpovov y)X0ov xpeaSetg xapd tou uxdpxouTijc; ravBa- 
ptatBoc; IIwpou tou uxo twv 'EXXyjvcov extXeyo^evou ((xaxou)), OCTCq £(pa(v£TO 
oTt ixeGupiet vd Xoyta0fj ox; uxYjpeata tou, oti Bev e6oY)0Y]ae TovcjuyyevYj xal 
xpoaTaTTQV auTOu Tjyep.ova evavTtov tou 'AXe^dvBpou, xal ev6[j,tae tov xatpov 
£U0£TO'v, uxoTaacjo^Evo? et<; tov 'AXe^avBpov, v' dxaXXayf) ty}<; d^Xigpaq 
ax^swq xpog tov yiqpatov cuyyevYJ. 

'AXXd xoaov e£exXdyY)cjav ot xpea6etc;, IBovTeg auTov ixetvov t6v Yjye- 
[Aova, ov xpoaeBoxwv Yva 't'Bcoat atBYjpoBea^tov xapd touc; xoBaqTou vtxYjTou, 
xa0Y]^evov xapd tov 'AXe^avBpov ev (JieytcjTY) Ttpif) xal xa0'oXa xaTo/ov tou 
[Btou xpaToug. Aev 0d -rJTO Be Xtav euvouc; yj axoxptatg, yjv IXa6ov xapd tou 
[xeyaSu^JLOu BaatXetoc;, oxax; dxoxo^tat.'jtv etc; tov eauTwv Yjyejxova. TouvavTtov 
<ptXtxo>Tepav uxoBoxyjv eupov Ta ae&da^aTa tgjv xXYjateaTaTtovauTOvo^wv <pu- 
Xwv, axep eV.o^Juaav xpea6et<; auTwv (xeTa xXouattov Bwpwv. 'YxeTayyjaav au- 
Tai otxeto0eXd)<; etc; tov (taatXea, etc; tyjv Buva^tv tou oxotou Yjvayxda0Y) vd 
uxoxu^yj 6 xavt<rx u P £ Y)ye^d>v tou IlevTaxoTd^ou. 

'Ext Ttva Be xpovov dvaxauaaq 6 'AXe^avBpoc; t6v GTpaTov, ixYjXOev efca 
xa0uxoTdaaa>v Tag xepav tou *YBdaxou 'IvBtxdg x^pa? xal xaTa xpwfov 
jiev Yjvdyxaae tqv xpcoYjv tou lltopou au[X[xaxov 'A6tadpY]v yj 'E[x6tcjapov vd 
xapaBoO^, dxoXou0o)c; 8' exr}X6e xaGuxoTaaawv xat dXXa e0vv), ev otq dva- 
^epovTat xat ot Xeyopievot TXauXavtxat yj rXauaat d^axYjTet uxoTayevTeq 
xpogauTovxat wv 6xepTd<;TptdxovTa xoXetc; xaTeaxev, dxdaac; ^iev uxep 
tou<; xevTaxtcjx^^ ^? xaTOtxouc; exouaaq, Ttvd<; Be xal Bexaxtax^tou?. 

Suyxpovtoc; Be xat 6 Qaci'kEuq Sa)xet0Y]c; uxo xdvTtov Btd to xdXXoc; 6au- 
lia^o^evoc; xat t6 jjLeye0o<; tou aw^aTOc;, xpoaeXGwv xapeBwxe tyjv @aatXetav 
auTou to) 'AXec^dvBpa) xat xXetcrua xpoa^epev auTW Bwpa ev otc; xat exaTov 
xevTYjxovTa xuvaq, dc;to0au(JidaTou<; Btd Te t6 (xeyeGoc;, tyjv Buva^tv xal Ta 
xpOTepY)^aTa auT(ov* eujievwc; Be xat xpog toutov 6 'AXe^avBpoc; cpepo^evoq, 
dcpYJxev auTO) to ^aaiXeiov xal etae6aXev elxa etc; ttqv x^P a ^ ^°6 ^Yjyewq, 
oaTtc; xal yieTa xoXXwv Bwptov e^XGev etq xpouxdvTYjatv auTou xal xpoc; 
toutov B' da[Livb)q d(pe0Y) Y) x^P a auTou. 

MeTac^u BeTOUTtov xal dXXa ^xepY) ttjc; 'Iv8ta<; dvacpepovTatoTt exupteuaev 
6 'AXe^avBpoc;, e*v olc; xal Toug Ka0atouc;, xat etg Btaqjopoug dXXag xo- 
Xetc; etae6aXev yj auToxpoawxax; ecpop^xwvo 'iBtog yj xal Btd twv aTpaTYjywv, 



166 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

tou 'H^acaTtwvo? xpd xdvTwv, tou Kpoaspou, tou IIto^e^ou xal tou 

Kocvou. 

'Ev xpavroc? B' ^(op^TQae xaTa ttj? caxupd? xoXew? twv SaYYaXwv, 
Iv0a SexaexTcc x^ ta ^ £ ? £* ™ v KaTo(xa>v E0avaTU)0Y)aav. ITept tov *YBd- 
axT)v B' 6Ti Eupiaxo^svo? 6 'AXs^avBpo? xal Biavoo6[Asvo? vd (pGdayj st? Ta 
saxata ttj? 'IvBcxy]? xal oXou? tou? xa0' oBov xst[Jisvou? toxou? xaGuxoTa- 
£a? Bid vd /.onraxXeucfl Bed tou xoTa[xou s!?tov 'IvBtxov (oxsav6v,Bt£Ta££vd 
xaTaaxsuaa0G>acv Ixavd sxl toutcp xXota' u>ax6v B' uxY)px£va90ovov, Bc6tc 
xoXXd? £tx£v Y) xXiqatov tou 'YBdaxou 6pecvYj x^P a ^XaTa? xal xsBpou? 
xal xeuxa? xal dXXiQv vauxY]YY]ac[xov uXtqv. 

'AviqxouaTa B' Tjaav Td Bstva, a xal aiko? 6 'AXe^avBpo? xal ocaTpaTC- 
WTai ucp(<7TavT0, xaTa Td? ixBpo^d? TauTa?, £v ol? d>? Ix xepcaaou dxstpd- 
ptO[JLOt xal xoixtXot tyjv ^op9"rjv 09s:? e^wXeuovTe? ev Bta<popocc; ^epsacv 6Bu- 
VY]pov xal 6£uv 0dvaTov £X£cp£pov Tot? MaxeBoat Btd twv co66X(ov BY)YtAaTcov 
Bto xal Tjvayxd^ovTO outoi xoXXdxi? vd IJapTwat Tag xXiva? ocutwv dxo twv 
BsvBpwv xal vd dypuxvaxrt, t6 xXeiaTov ttj? vuxto?, jilxP^ ou uxo twv ^yx w " 
pftov ^a66vT£<; to i%\ toutw dvTKpdp^apov eupcaxov aaynqpfav Ttvd. 

IIXtjv Be t6)V 09£0)V, &v xXelaTOt efyov axeBov Ssx-ae?" xTqxewv [ayjxo? evTO? 
BaawBiov 6pewv, xal xoXueiBeT? x(0y)xoc euptaxovTo, ouxoXcyov dvox^ouvTe? 
xal outoi tou? BuaTuxei;? MaxeBova?. 

Kal dtxept^vwv ^i£V i%\ toutoc? 6 'AXe^avBpo? e?iqxoXou0et tyjv xopecav, 
^■rjBev euptaxwv optov xpo^xopeayLov tyj? uxepopcou <ptXoBo£ta? auTou, dXV 
ot£ £90a<jav et? to ^eYa @aa(Xeiov twv IlpatcrTcwv, xoXu Bcdcpopov dxoT£X£(j^a 

ixTJX0£V £tq T6 XV£U^Jia T(OV <JTpaTCO)TO)V' BCOTI OL)B£V Ot TaXatXWpOt f>v£XOVT£(; 

Tlpixa Twv x.ax,oxa0£C(I>v auTwv ouB' optov tyj? ixtxovou oBocxoptaq, xavTa- 
xaatv dxY]Xxca0Y]c7av xaTd ttjv xapouaav ocutwv dxaTpaTEtav. 

*0 xpuuoq, ov ijXxi^ov vd £upwcjcv auToGt, xal ov £ti£XXov vd XdSaxrc Bid 
tou ^ccpouq Bev uxY)px£v* ac dBiaxoxox; xfxTOuaai paYBalac ^po^al xal "^ 
dvdYXTQ vd xaTaXuGXJtv ixt xa0uYpou IBdcpoug uxfjp^av 6Xe6ptat, xat jxey c- 
aTaq £X£9£pav voaoug aiiTotq. A! xaxoxd0£tca, aq ux£^£ivav jxaxpdv tt q 
MaxsSovcaq, d^' evoq, xat Y) tBia otc B£V^0eXov dxt^Y)a£i vd't'BwaiTTjv xaTpt'Ba, 
dV £T£pou, £V£6aXXov touc; aTpaTiwTag elq Bscvyjv voaTa^Ycav, xal xdvT£<; 
ix£06^JLOuv vd £xtaTp£^d)atv o"xaB£. 

'A^LEawq Be 6 'AXI^avBpo? xaTavorjaaq tou? aTOxas^oi)? twv <7TpaTio)- 
twv xat to)V d^twjJLaTtxwv, ^xy) £xc0u^ouvtcov vd E^axoXouO-rjaGXTS tyjv exixovov 
TauTTyV oBotxopcav, auvsxdXEas tou<; ixtaY)^LOTEpou<; toutwv tic, au^6ouXioV) 
xal iXoCkr^zv auToIg outwc: 

"AvBpEq aTpaTttoTai xal a u [jl [x a ^ o t, 

((BXexwv oti u^leIc; hh \xk dxoXou0£CTE ^v Totg xtvBuvotg [KBta tyj? (B(a<; 
xpo0utitag xal Bta0£a£O)<;, adg auvExdXsaa ivTauGa, y coaT£ vd ad? xaTaxEtaw 
xal ad? Exava9EpG) e(? to: s^xxpo?, 6? xal xpoTEpov, ^ vd xaTax£ia0a> ^y^ fcort 
vd aTpa9W 6x(aw ^jl£0' u^ojv. 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 167 

"Av Xotxov BuaapscjTYJaOs Bed tou<; dywvaq, ouq (Jisxpc touBe xaTS&dXsTS, 
xat ^xcOupiscTS vd xs(<7Y]ts xat £\xk xaxd toQto, slvac ^aTacov vd aa<; dxoTsc'vto 
tov iXdxcaTOV Xoyov' $v oiagx; uxspYjcpdvox; xat ^STa x a P^ ^ ta ™ v dytovtov 
toutwv dvaXoYctjjaOs otc sxupcsuaaTS tyjv 'Itovcay, tov 'EXXyjcixovtov, Ta<; 
Buo ^puycac; xatTouq KaxxaBoxac;, Iti Bsxat tou<; AuBoug xat touc; Kdpaq, 
tou<; nacpXayovac;, xat tyjv Auxcav, xat tyjv Ila^JupuXcav, xat tyjv ^ocvcxyjv, 
xat tt)>> *EXXyjvcxyjv Ac6uyjv, xat ^spY) Tcvd tyjc; 'Apa6ca<;, tyjv A'c'yuxtov, 
tyjv Supcav, tyjv Ba6uXiova, tyjv sxcxpaTScav twv Souatov, touc; Ilspaac; xat 
touc; Myj Bo uc;, tyjv MsaoxoTapicav, xat xdvTa oaa Yjpxov outoi, xat Ta<; 
xspav twv Kaaxctov xuXtov xat tou Kauxdaou xwpa?, tov Tdvac'v xat Ta 
xpoaco stc tou TavdcBoc;, tyjv BaxTpcav, tyjv 'Ypxavcav xat tyjv GaXaciaav tyjc; 
*Ypxavca<; xpog @oppdv, xat otc tou<; 2xu0a<; dvsaTEcXajjisv ^sxpc tyjc; ipYj- 
ixou, Ixt toutocc; Bs xat 6 'IvBoq xoTa^o? pssc Bed tyjc; YjpisTspac; Y^)?> *-°" ° 
*YBdaxYj<;, xat 6 'Axsccvyjc;, xat 6 ^YBpatoTYjc;, tc oxvects xat tov "Ycpaacv xat 
Td Ixexstva tou 'Ycpdacoc; ysvyj vd xpo<i0£<iY}TS e?<; tyjv Ec;ouacav twv MaxsBo- 
viov; y) lj.^ tu^ov cpo6£la0s ^yjxgx; dxavrrjaYjTE xat a'XXouq $ap6dpou<; [jtiXXov- 
Ta<; vd dvTtaTwacv uixiv, av £xeX0YjTe ytETa tyjc; auTije; xpo0u^(a<; (be; xat xpo- 
T£pov, ot£ oc \xh aiiTtov £xouafwg xa0uxoTa<jaovTac, o! Be xaxtoc; <pEuyovT£<;, 
auXXa^6dvovTac, oc Bsxat BpaxsTSuovTSc; xaTaXs!xouv yj^jicv Xdcpupov tyjv x^>- 
pav auTtov, yjv xat Yjpiscc; xpoa0sTo^sv Totq au^xdxocc; xat toi<; exoudcoq uxo- 
Taaaoyi£Voc<; Y]tAiv; 

Flpoq Touq Y£Wa(ou<; d'vBpaq, d) Max£B6v£<;, tIXo? twv xoxwv xat dya)- 
vwv iyw Bev vo^t^G) aXXo Tt y) ocutouc; tou? xoxou?, oTav outoc cpipwaiv Etc; 
xaXd £pya* av Bev 0£Xyjti<; vd dxoujYj to teXo<; tcov yjjjletepwv xoxwv xat dyw- 
vo)V aq ^d0Y) oti hh slvac xoXXyj iq 6B6<; yj txlxpt ^o>J xoTapiou Tdyyou xpoq 
tov 'AvaToXty.cv wxsavov, 6 oxotoq 0eXo) aaq Secret xwq evwvei Ta pEu^aTa 
auToG xpoq Ta tJ)v dXXwv 0aXacrawv. 

'Ax6 toO IlEpatxoij xoXxou 0d xEpixXsuaw^EV §i& tou ctoXou y^^cov elq 
t^v Ai66y]v ^£xpt twv gtyjXwv tou 'HpaxXsouq' dxo Be TWV GTY]Xd)V Y^ EVTOq 
Ai66y](; oXyj ycvsTat Yj^iETEpa, iv TauTq) Be xat oXoxXYjpoc; y) 'Aaca' xat opta 
ty^<; YjtJt£T£pa<; IxcxpaTsfac; xat apXYJ? 0d slvai Ta opia, aTtva £0£<jev 6 ©so<; 
ixt tyjc; Y^q. 

'AXX' 5v Twpa IxtaTpl^oj^EV £?<; Ta oxcaw, xoXXd \iky [xdxt^a I0vy) uxo- 
XefxovTai dvuxoTaxTa ixixsiva tou *Y<pdaco<; ^lexp^ tou 'AvaToXixou wxsa- 
vou, xoXXd B* ^vteQ0ev ixt tyjv *Ypxavfav 0dXaaaav xpoq (ioppav' xat Ta 
Sxu0ixd hk yIvtq Bev elvai ^axpdv toutwv, costs <p66o<; uxdpxsc ^yj, av dxsX- 
6co^ev 6x(ao), xat Td vuv uxdpxovTa, aTiva hkv elvai dacpaX-fj, xapaxtvr^toac v' 
dxoaTaTYjacoatv 0x6 Ttov ljlt^ xupt£u0£VTw/ xat tote dvcocpsXEcc; 0d slvac ot Toaot 
xoxot ti[lC)v, xat d'XXcov xdXtv dycovcov dvdyxYjv 0d IxtopLEV. 

'AXXd x£pc^s(vaT£, 6 dvBpsc; MaxEBovs? xat au^axoc* TaXapixpd spya 
elvai Ttov xoxta^ovTCov xat xivBuveuovtcov, yj Be ^coyj tcov dvB psftov slvac yXu- 
fceca xat 6 0dvaTO<; auTtov dcpYjvsc xXsoc; d0dvaTov. 



168 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

*H Blv yvwpt^ETE tuxov oti 6 fj^i£T£po? xpoyovo? 'HpaxXij?, ^ Iv T2- 
puv0t, ouB' iv rUXoTcowTQCKi), ^ sv 9f,6at? ^Ivwv t}0eXe <p0daei et? ToaauTiqv 
B6£av, iojts e?" dv0p(oxou vd ystviQ Geo? tj vd vopuyrjTai toiouto?; 'AXV 6 
Atovuao?, oaTt? f)TO 0eo? dvarcEpo? tou 'HpaxXlou?, dXtyou? uxe^eivs xo- 
xou?; 'AXX'tj^eI? E<p0daapiEV xat exexeiva ttj? Nuarj?, xai ?) "Aopvo? xeTpa, 
ijv ouB' auTo? 6 'HpaxXr)? Bsv t]Buvy]0t) vd xuptsuafl, slvat Tj^ETspa t^By). • 

IIpoa0£aaTS Xotxov xai xd 6Xtya sti uxoXstx6[xsva ttj? 'Aata? siq Td tJBtq 
xsitTTfjyLeva, Ta xoXXd. Kat rj^et? aiiTOt Be ti ^eya y.at xaXov Y]0£XotJis>> xpd- 
?st, dv £V MaxsBovta xa0Y]^svoi Y)pxou[AS0a vd Btaaa>^G)pi£V yiovov Ta ^ex£pa 
xop0ouvTe? tou? yetTOva? tj^wv Opaxa?, tj tou? 'IXXuptou?, $ T0U< S Tpt- 
6aXXou?, ^ xai dx to>v 'EXXtqvojv tou? oaot Bev sivat txavot vd dva^iyv6<*)VTai 
ei? Td Tj[i£T£pa; 

*Av 8e xdXtv tj^sT? yisv eV.oxtd^eTe xat exivBuvsuete, iyo) §£ adg cbBifJYOuv 
dxovto? xat dxivBuvw?, xat twv ^.sv xoxwv piET£tx£T£ ast? yiovov, tou? Be xap- 
xou? auTtov xat Td d0Xa eXdpiSavov dXXot, tot£ 6d- e't'xsTS jxsya Btxatov vd 
JJapuvOijTS Tayjwg' Ttopa opito? xotvoi ^£V elvai ol xoxot xpo? oXou? Tj^ag, ££ 
'taou Be ^.etexo^ev y.at tg>v y.ivBuvwv, Td Be d0Xa auTtov xstVTat ev tu> \Liaq 
oV oXou?' y.al T) x^pa elvai iBixy) aa?, xai aeT? aaTpaxeueTS auTY]?' xai twv 
Xpr^aTov Be to piEyaXstTEpov [iipo? Et? aaq dvTqxst. 

"OTav B' evtsXw? BieX0to^£V yat xaTaxTYjaw^sv ttjv 'Aatav, tote jid tov 
A(a, ou ^.ovov 0d sy.xTa] pa)<7G) axdaag Td? IXxtBa? u^wv x£pt to>v oaa xpoa- 
BoxdTE vd dxoXaucryTE, dXka. 6d aa? Bwato xat to excxXeov, y.al oaot [xev ixi- 
6utxouat vd ExicjTpE^wcriv elq Ta '(5ia, 0d axoaTScXw atiTou?, ^ iyw 0d Ixava- 
tpspto auTOuq, oaot Be xdXtv aTEpyouat vd piEtvwatv ev tw x£Bf(p T^q Bo^tq?, 0d 
y.aTaarfjacj auTOu? ^-yjXwtolx; toI? dx£pxo^svot?)). 

TauTa y.at Td TotauTa eIxev 6 'AXs^avBpog xp6? tou? Tjys^ova? tou 
cTpaTou. Ba0uTaTT) ^k atcoxT] BtsBsxOiQ tou? Xoyou? auTOu, xal outs v' dvTt- 
TEtvwat y.aT' e&Gelav, oute vd EvBcoacoat xdXtv ^0eXov" y.at Bsv IXstxs (jlev 6 
'AXs^aBpo? vd xapoTpuv-f) sva s'yaaTOV vd XaXYjaY), sxt teXou? hk Kotvo? 6 
IIoXE^oy.pdTou?, 6 xpsa6uTspo? twv Xotxwv dpxTQytov, ^ToXptYjas v' axavu^o^ 
auT(I> outw: 

((Kal au auTO?, a> gaatXsu, opioXoyEt? OTt Bsv 0sXst? Btd ty]? @ta$ vd <5cp- 
7j ; ? y.at vd oBr^yfy? tou? MaxsBova?, dXX' OTt, dv pisv xstayj? 0d dy^? autrouc, 
av Ik y.aTaxEtcjGf^? Ox' auTWV, Bsv 0d ^tday]?. "O0sv xat iyw Bsv 0d 6[xtXiQj(«) 
Tiopa xdptv tj^wv auTwv, ot oxolot, exeiBy) yat xpoTt^a)[JiE0a twv d'XXwv, xat 
Td d0Xa twv xoxwv ot xXsIaTOt TjBy] xXouatw? sXaSopLEv, xat xp60u[j.ot s't[j.£0a, 
xaTa xdvTa, xpo? as, dXXd %<xpiv tcov xoXXwv, ouB' ux£p auTwv xdXtv 0d 
E't'xoj off a 0d elvai eu^/dptaTa xpo? auTOu?, dXk' oaa xat xpb? ae xal xpo? 
Td xapovTa vopLt^o oti etvat au^epovTa xat Xtav da^aXw? exouai xp6? 
t6 \iiXkoy. 

"Exo3 ck ctxatcopia xat y v dptv ttj? TjXtxta? ^jlou xal Ivsxa T-q? uxoXtj^sw?, 
r y v xat au xal aAAot xpo? i\Lk e^ete, vd [jlyj uxoxpu'^co, oaa vopitCo) w^eXi^a. 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 169 

v Oaov xXetaTa xal ^eycaTa elvai Ta xocTOpOw^iaTa, dxsp Btd tyjc; aT paTYjy c>uj <; 
aou txavoxTjToq x,al tyj<; dvBpdag twv aTpaTttoTwv aou BcexpdxGrjaav ToaouTov 
^aXXov aupicpepov, ^ol cpalvsTac, vd IxiGsaw^ev ti'koq %gbq tou<; xoxoug x.al 
tou<; TuvBuvoug. 

Kal 6 '(Bioq ^Xexecq xoaoc piev ex tg>v May,£$6va)V xal tg>v 'EXToqvcov wp- 
ynqGrjaav ^L£Ta aou, xoaoc Bs i\Leiva\Lsv. 'Ex toutwv Be, Touq ^iv ©saaaXouq, 
dxo twv Bdx/upcov euGu?, ixstBr) ivvoifjaaq cm Bev -rjaav xpoGuyiot xXsov xp6g 
tou<; 7,6x0 uq, xaXwq xotwv dxex£^ a ?> £* S£ ™ v dWtdv ^EXXtqvwv, 0! ^ 
£v Tal? ux6 aou xTTj"8e£aai<; xoXsai /.aTotxYjaavTsc;, ouB' outoi oXot suxapi- 
aTwe u-lvouatv ev auTalg, ol Be xoxcd^ovTec; y,al >uvBuv£uovt£<; scaeTi ^lstoc aou, 
wq xal Y) MaxsBov.x-r) aTpaTid, toik; \xkv tqv au^xoXiTwv iv Talg \kd%<xiq dxco- 
Xeaav, ol B' evexa twv Tpau^aTwv dxo^axoi xaTaaTavTsq, iv izoXkolq xal Bia- 
tpopotc; yipsat tyjc; 'Aalaq Bts^stvav, 0! Bs x£ptaaoT£poi it; daSsvstwv xaxs- 
aTpdcjnqaav, x,al 6Xtyot £/, twv %oXkdv uxo^efxoVTa?, xal outs xaTa Ta aw^xaTa 
elvai e£ "aou laxupoi, y.al xaTa Tag ^uxd? axo^Y) xepiaaoT£pov i^vT^Yj^EVOt' 
xal xdvT£q outoi xoGouai vd 't'Bwai tou<; yovziq, oawv aw^ovTat, xoGouai vd 
'iBwai Tag Yuvalxa? y,al T£/.va, xoGouai vd 'iBwai ttjv aYaxYjTTjv xaTpiBa, te- 
\oq xdvTwv. 

Kal elvai B(x,aiov \Lzzd ToaouTOuq xoxouq vd IxtaTpl^watv elq tt^ y£vl- 
T£tpav yy)v, <p£poVT£? ^eG' lauT&v ttjv B6£av, tjv ^£Td aou ExipBiqaav, ^E^a^oi 
yiv dvul yuxptiv, xXouaioi Be dvxt xtwxwv* Biotc ^tj voyLf^q oti 0d eupyjc; 
auToug ^v Totq dywatv oyiofouq, dv B£v (pEpwvTat Ixouaiox; xpoq auiouq. Ka' 1 
au B'aiiToq dcpou ixav£X0Y]q £c<; ttjv xaxpcBa xal 'tB^q tyjv yiY]T£pa aou, Bt£u0£- 
TY]af]<; B£ Ta xpdy^aTa twv 'E^Xyjvwv, xat xavYjyupta-fif; ^vto? twv xaTpcxwv 
aou dvay-Topwv Tag v(x.a<; TauTaq Tag xoXXdq xal |A£YaXa<;,dv GeXyjq, dxtx^^- 
pY]aov vdav e'/.aTpaTEfav dq auTa, Ta xpog dvaToXdgxaTOtxouvTa ylviQ twv 
'IvBwv, e'lTS /.ai dq tov Eu^etvov TIovtov, e'its xal x,aTa T^g KapXTQBovog 
/.al Aihu-qq. Kal tots au yi£V 0d oBiQYYjaYjg auTOug, £X.£tvot Be, dXXoc [xev Ma- 
xeBovei; /.al dXXoi "EXXtqve?, 0d a£ axoXouOiqatoat, veoi dvTl yepovTwv, xa^ 
dx^alot dvTl dxY]uBf)7,6T(i)v, oYtivs? [11?) e'xovte? etaeTi xsipav tou xoXeyiou, 
Bsv 6d BstXtdawaiv xaTa ttjv dpx^v, dWa \xeioc y.eyd'kr\q xpo0u[Ata<; 0d as 
d7.oXou0Y]awoiv, iv0appuv6[i£vot uxo twv vtxwv x,al twv dtxot6d>v. 

Ka"X6v elvai, oGev, w ^aatXeu, y) 9p6vr]at<; e'v zfl euTux^a. Kal aTpaTTQyoc; 
jjlIv toioutoc;, oxolog elaat au, xal TOtauTiqv aTpaTidvdywv, oxoca^ tBtxif) aou, 
ouBev exei vd cpo6Y]0fi xapd twv xoXeyitwv' dXk' ojjlgx; o,xt dvwGsv xapd twv 
Gewv epx^Tai elvai dxpoaBoxiQTOV, xal hid touto dB uvaTOV vd xpo9uXa- 
xGwatv, wg eixog, ol dvGpwxot)). 

MeTa Gopu6ou ol Xoyoi outoi tou Kotvou e^evovTo BsxtoI 6x6 twv xapov- 
tg)V, y.al Ta Bdxpua, aTtva ol xepiaaoTspot- Ixuvav ^Bec/.vuov oti Bev ixeGu^si 
xXsov fj.xapBCa aiiTwv xepcaaoTspouq xivBuvoug vd dvaXd6watv xal oti ixsGu- 
jjlouv \Le*(d'kb)q vd ixtaTp£^(oaiv dq Tag xaTpfBag aiiTWV. 

'O B* 'AX^avBpog t6ts y.£V 6pYiaGd<; Bed ttjv xappTjatav tou Ko(vou 



170 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

xal x6v oxvov xwv dT^wv yjy^ovwv, BcsXuas xyjv guveXsucuv, xyjv B' Excoucrav 
auYxaXsaa? xdXtv xou? (B(ou? ytsx' 6pY"rj?, auxo? ^ev elxsv, oxi 6a xpoxwpYjafl 
d^xpo?, Bev 6a @caq) 8' axouatw? ou^svaxwv MaxsBovwv v' dy.oXou6Yjqf) BcOx* 
uxdpxouacv aXXot o¥xcve<; xpo6u^w? 6d xpd^wat xouxo, d%o\o u6ouvxs<; tov 
(taaiXsa auxwv* ol Be GsXovxe? vd dxsXGwacv sc? xyjv xaxptBa, a? axsuawcn 
auyxP 0VW ? v <* e^aYY £ ^ W(Ttv £ ^ ^ouq aupixaxpcwxa?, oxc sxtaxpqwuaiv o't'xoc, 
dcpYjaavxs? xov $aai\etx auxwv, sv ^ea (p xwv xoXejjuwv. 

Tauxa stxwv'o 'AXs^avBpo? dxYjX6£V zlq xyjv cBcav <77,yjvyjv y,at ouBsva xwv 
Exatpwv IBexexo sxl xpsT? oXoxTajpou? Yj[Aspa?, xspcpisvcov ^jiyjxw? pLsxa6o)aq 
xt? E^xEcouaa sv xalq tyu%<xiq xwv MaxsB6vG)>> xal xwv dXXwv au^dxwv xaxa- 
axYjqfj auxou? sux£t6s<7xspou?. 

"Axpa, iv xouxoi?, gcwxyj uxYjpxsv svtw axpaxoxsBw, xal stpaivovxo [Lev, 
tbq £x xouxou, oxt BuaYjpsaxouvxo Bed xyjv opytjv xou PaaiXsw?, dXV ouBoXw? 

^JL£X£6dXX0VX0. 

'E<p' w y.ai sxa^is jjl£V 6 'AXI^avBpo? 6uda? Bid xyjv Bid6aaiv xou xoxa- 
piou, dXV sxsiByj xd Ispd 8ev stpafvovxo a'taia, auYxaXEtra? xou? xpsaSuxdxou? 
xat xiaxoxdxou? xwv cpiXwv xal BcaBYjXaxia? auxoT?, oxt xd xdvxa aYj^aivouatv 
auxo) tyjv sc? xd oxcaw dvaxwpYjaiv, xapYjYY £t ^ £ vd YVwerxoxocYjawcu xp6? x6v 
axpaxov oxi dx£<paa(cr6Yj vd dxEX6k><iiv oxtaw. 

'Axouaavxs? xauxa ot axpaxiwxai, ISowv sx, xyj? x a P a ? dXaXd^ovx£?> 
xoXXol Be xal EBaxpuov, xac xcve? xal xp6? xyjv paacXtXYjv jxyjvyjv xXYjatd^ov- 
xe?, yjuxovxo ^xupfa aYa6d ux£p xou 'AX£?"dvBpou, "oxt ux' auxwv jxovov 
yjv£x6yj vd YjxxY]6fj* 6 B' 'AXs^avBpo? Bcacpsaa? sc? xdc>i? xpET? xo axpd- 
xsu^a, Btixa^£ vd /.axaaxEudacocii BwB£xa Y^Y aVT ^^ Et ? ^ a ^ u^yjXouc; ^w^ouq 
£ic; xc^jlyjv xwv BwB£xa 6£wv /.at xpog ^jlvyj^lyjv xa>v Max£Bovtxo>v 6ptd^6wv. 

Td<; v£vo^ta^£vac; Be xal a56c<; 'zskiaaq £uxapt(TXYjptou<; Guafa?, x.ac aY&- 
vag, yu^LVixov x£ xal Ixxcxov, y.al xoXXdq Yj^xipac; oBotxcpYjaaq xaxd xov 
'YBpawxYjv y.al xov 'Ay.£<j(vYjv, lxavYjX6£V ixl xlXou? ecq xov *YBdaxYjv xapd 
xyjv Ntxaiav /.al xyjv Boux£tpaX(av, Iv6£V xac IXa6£ ^OYjGscdv xiva xapd xwv 
Xotxwv iYX w P' wv - 

Ilapd xov 'YBdaxYjv Be xoxapiov 6 'AXE^avBpo? £up£ @0Yj6£tav axaX£taav 
iy. XYJ? 'EXXaBoq, x£^ouq [kh xptaxovxa x^^dBaq, !xx£l<; B' £? x i ^ ta ^ a ?> >^ a ^ 
xavoxXfag BtaxpExdg e'txoji xsvxs ^iXtdSa? xa! tpap^axa d^ta? exaxov xa- 
Xdvxwv. Kal xauxa \Lh 6 'AXe^avBpog Bts^ofpaas xolg axpaxcwxaiq, ixelvo? 
Bs y.£xd xwv cptXtov £iaYjX6£V elq xd xapd xd? ox6ag xou xoxa^ou xap£upt- 
axo^jLEva yjByj xXola, ixot^ia^6[JL£Vo<; vd scaxaxXEuaYj £c<; xov 'IvBixov w/,£avov. 

Out, 6Xcyoi Be <&oiviy.zq, Kuxp^oc, Kdp£q, xat A(y6xtioi auvaxiSYjaav 
Iv x(p axoXw ouxtvoq dpx^vauapxov |jlev BiwpiaE xov Niapxov, x,u6£pvYjxYjv Be 
XY^q Y^q IxISaivs vyjo<; x6v 'OvYjafxptxov, x6 Be ^EYaXsfxEpov ^LEpo? xou axpaxou 
wBotxopEt xapd xd? ox6a<; xou xoxapiou Bs£c66ev %at dptaxEpoGsv, 6x6 x6v 
Kpaxspov xal *H<patax(wva \xzta xwv dXs^dvxwv, au^xoaou^LEVWv yjByj elg 
Biaxoacouq. 



I2T0PIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 171 

Kat dxoStSdaaq [Lev 6 'AXe^avBpoc; xaTa tt)v o~u^6oXt)V tou 'YBdaxou 
xat 'Axsafvou Touq CTpaTiwTaq xpoeSr) dq xouq \zyo[Lhouq StSouq. 

*H<jav 8* outoi dxoyovot twv jjistoc tou *HpaxXsou<; cuvsxaTpaTSuadvTGJV 
xaTa ty)? 'Aopvou IIsTpac;, omvs<; yiSTd tyjv axoTux^av ttjs xo)uopx(a<; 
jjiSTtoXYjaav auTO0i* 6 8' AXe£av8po<; iaTpaToxsBsuas xXy]<t(ov xXoua(a<; Tivoq 
xat ixtaY](JLOU x^>P a ?j flS °< ^xtaY]^oT£pot xaTocxot icpo<rijX8ov Bwpa xpoq au- 
tov <pspovT?<; xatTTjv jjlstcz tou 'HpaxXeou<; 8t)0sv <juyY£ V£tav dvavsouvTsq. 
'0 8' 'AXe^avBpo; suxapcaTox; tyjv 9iX(av auTWV dxo8s£d^svo<; xat Taq xo- 
Xei<; auTwv iX£u0£paq xrjpu^a;, sVrjX0s xpoq Ta yetTVid^ovTa s0vt), 
otTiva xat xa0uxsTa£sv a^iacoq* iv Tolg xXototq 8' dxoXou0a><; sxt6dq xaTS- 
xXss ^£XP l T ^ aupiSoXfjc; *Y8daxou xat 'Axeaivou xat tou 'IvBou. 

*Qu-o(a^s 8' ovtwc; xpoq 0pca^6suTtxT]v xopstav 6 xaTaxXouq ouToq, xat 
gv0sv u^sy to xoXux)or)6£<; xapY]xoXo60sc aTpaTsu^a, STspwOsv 8s to: xXtqcti- 
6x^pa £0vy) tou 'IvBou xaTaxXayevTa ext Tfl xporuocpavsT TauTfl xat uxsp- 
>,d^xp(i) xoTa^oxXota cuvsppsov dq tyjv ox0y)V tou xoTa^xou, TpaycpBouVTa 
Ta dyaxY]Td auTtov da^iaTa. Kal TauTa ^sv auVs6aivov |xsxpi T-fjq au^6o)aj<; 
tou 'IvBou, xaTd xaxrjv o^jlgx; yioipav dxpoaBoxTQTa Tiva <rupi6s6Y)x6Ta yicxpou 
£8syjjs vd dvaTp£^o)(7i to xdv. 

MsydXa psuu-aTa sxt to auTo auvavTW^isva, xoXXdq Bs xat qjoSspdq au- 
<jTpoq>d<; dxoTsXouvTa, dveTpsxov xat 8cs90scpov Ta xXoTa, xat IxscBy) t) op^rj 
tou psuu-aToq ^to atpoBpd, t) Be tsxvyj twv xu6spviqT(I)v (bq sx toutou dxs6aivs 
yiaTafa Buo ^£V y,cxpd xXoIa aikavBpa xaTs6u0(a0Y]c7av, xXsTcrua 8' dq tyjv 
•pjy S^wxstXav, £?q Eaxa^ov Be tots xivBuvov xspt^XOs xal 6 'AXI^avBpo?, 
xa0oTi Yjvauapxk £'-? ^£yav x£pi£X£j£ xaTappdxTTQv, ixax£cXouvTa tov q\z- 
0pov auT^q, xal 6 0dvaToq xpo twv 6<p0aX^6)V ccutou ^to dvax6(p£uxT0<;. 

Kal 6 yiv 'AXE^avBpo? ^£Y(aTY]V ETot^ioTTQTa exwv dq Ta xtvYjjxaTa au- 
tou £x8u0£t<;, Iv T(p dyLa, KaTaTO yu^voq, $oT)0£iav t^By) x£ptpL£vwv, o! Be <p(Xo t 
auTou xoXuix6wvt£(; dxaTaax£TO)c; yj^wvi^ovto vd dxoB£x0wat t6v gaaiXda, 
d^a 6<; tj vauapxk dv£Tp£X£TO. 

MEydXY) Be tots Tapax^] xa! 06pu6oc; eysvsTO, xal ot \xh MaxsB6vs<; 
iaxugouq dvTSTSivov ^paxtova? ziq tt]v op^-rjv tou psu^xaToq, 6 Bs xoTa^oq 
xdaav ivfxa dv0p(ox(vT]V BuvapLcv' £%i tsXou<;_B' 6 'AXs^avBpo? pisTa tyj? 
vauapx^o? xpoasYTtaaq dq ty^v yyjv, Bixyjv geXouq Taxiwqp^Oslq si^ttjv £y]_ 
pdv iaw0Tf) wq lx 0au^aTO<;. 

Outco Bs yilyav xal icpo^avij xcvBuvov dxo^uY^v 6 gaatXsuq, (xsyaXoxps- 
%dq iTsXsffS 0uafa<; toIc; 0£oiq, Bi6ti Tj^fwaav auT^v vd dyG)Vta0-fi xp6<; xoTa- 
y.6v xat vd !£eX0ifl vixtqt^ ox; 6 'AxtXXsug t6 xdXat. 

MsTd TauTa 6 'AX!£av8po<; ixaTpaTSuaaq xaTa twv Xsyojxevwv '0£u- 
hp<ZY.C>v MaXXwv, ix xo"Xuap(0^G)v xat xoXs^icxtiv cpuXcov auyxetpLevojv, jxtxpou 
IStqce xat au0tq vd suprj dqjsuxTOV xat iXestvov 0dvaTOV' BtoTi xpo<; tt)v xpw- 
^l6ouaav aiiTWV x)a]aid<7a<; Y]vayxd(T0Y] vd xuptsuarj auTTjv it; ^oBou, xat tou<; 
ji.lv xaTofxouq ixsTuxs Six twv ftsXwv vd axo^xaxpuvYj dx6 tou tsixou? ir\q 



172 12T0PIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

CtxpoxoXewc;, auT&q B' dpxdaac; $ia{u>q dxo twv x £t P&v cTpaTtwxou xXf^axa, 
fjv @paBe(o<; outoc; e^epev, dveSiQ hi* auTijc; Ixl tgW Tetx&v, d~k\' evu> dviqpxeTO 
xal ux' aXkioy auyxpovwc; xapaxoXou0ouu*evo<;, a'lcpvYjq xal dxpoaBoxYjTWc; 
auv£Tpt6iQ t) xX([xa^, outo<; Be ^6vo<; eupe0el<; exl tou tsixou? [iezd twv uxa- 
axiaxwv tou AeovvaTOU, IleuxeaTOU xal tou BiyiotpiTOU 'A6plou, elq d[Lrixa- 
vfav Be xal dxopfav x£pl tou xpaxTeou xepieX0a)v, dxapaBeiy^cmaTov eBet- 
£ev Tjporia^ov, Btavoiq0el<; vd xy)Bt]<iy5 xpog Ta xaTto. 

01 xoXe|Aiot @XexovTe<; tov 'AXe^avBpov Ipxo^evov xaTd yYJc;, evo^iaav 
OTt "kd[Ltyiq tic; e^iqpxeTO ex tou aw^aToq, exelvoc; B' &>q (paecvov cpaa^xa e'vecpa- 
v(a0TQ op0io<; evcoxcov ojutwv. Met' aiiTou Be au[xxY]BTjaavT£g xal ol uxaaxc- 
crual ^u.dxovTO xp6 tou Qtxaikioiq. Kal ol jj.ev @dp6apot evtw a^a \±zx' aXa- 
Xay^ou e<poppwj(iavTe<;, exXiqaaov aiiTOv jiaxpoBev Bca geXwv xal BopdTtov* 
dXV 6 'AXec;avBpo<; yevvactdc; d[Lu\6{L£Voq, xoXXoix; eq auTtiv ecpoveuaev, ev 
o\q xal tov xaT' auTou to xpwTov exeX06vTa Y)yeu.6va twv 'IvBwv. 

Suyxpovax; &' o ^ v 'A6pea<; To£eu0el<; xaTd xpoawxov exeae xp6 tg>v 
xoBwv tou Qcxai.'kibiq, 6 Be 'AXe^avBpoc; TtTpwaxsTai xal outo? uxj 
@eXou<; BcaaxtaavTOQ tov atBrjpouv Ocopaxa xaTa to cjtyj0o<; uxep tov [lqz- 
cjtov, wute xal al^a ex tou Tpauu.aT0<; e^p^eTO, 6 Be Qacikzuq ytl- 
Xpt? ou yiv tjto Gspt^-Yj Y] xXtqyt], yewatwq rj^uveTO, xacxep xaxwq e^wv, 
aXV a$ou o^aox; jjlst' oXiyov d0poov e£exu0TQ al^ia, acpoBpd Xtxo^ux^a 
xaTeaxev auTov, xal exeaTiqpcx^ e^l tou Tefxouq, 9} u^aXXov exeaev exl tyjv 
lepdv daxfBa, T}v 6 IleuxeaTac; e^spev e? 'IXfou. Kal yevvafax; ^ev dycov^o- 
[xevot ol Buo uxajxtaTac, [xoXtc; TjBuvavTO vd cTaBwcjiv ixl twv xoBwv auTWV, 
6 Be PajiXeu? ex Tfjq xoXXfjq poYJc; tou aYyiaToc; u-cxpou Belv vd xapaBa)j]Q to 
xveuu-a. 

'Ev toutoic; e?o)0ev tou Te(xou<; dypttoTaTY] xal cpptxwBiQt; ^to i] xtvr r 
uiq' ol aTpaTtwTat elBov tov gaaiXea dxo tou tscxou? etaxrjBYjcjavTa evToq triq 
xoXecoc;' ^e6aioq Xotxov ^to 6 0dvaTOc; auTou xaTa tyjv tBeav auTwv, xal to 
XefptaTOv, OTt ouBeu-fav awTTQptavrjBuvavTO vd ext<pe ptoses auT(p. MeyldTiQ Be 
•?)to ^ ixl to ut a) dxeXxtafa. 

*Oc; cppevTjpsic; Tpexouat apxat^ovTeq x^t^axa?, pLY]xavd?, xopu.ouc; Bev- 
Bp(ov, xal xavTOtOTpoxwc; ol ^ev elpxov eu.xT)Y0VT£<; xaaadXouq, iy' wv dxau 
o)pou|ievoc f.^AuvovTO, ^Tepoi Be eVi twv dXXtov ext6atvoVTe<; xpoaxa0ouat 
v' dvaSwat ixl tou Tefxouc;, xal TeXoq yieTa of^wyTJc; xal dXaXaytxwv xdaav 
uxepvixwvTec; f>paBuT^Ta, xXelaTOt xaTaxfxTOuatv evToq t^<; xoXewq, xal iv 
t4> a^a y-dxiQ xpaTepd auyxpOTelTat xepl to gG)\±<x tou ^aatXetoc;, ov xdvTeq 
uxeXdu.6avov vexpov, xal t^Btq dvapxdaavTec; aiiTov ^-eTaxo^i^ouaiv dva(cr0iq- 
tov £%l ir\q dcjx(Bo<; elq tt]V gxtqvyjv auTou. 

Suyxpovax; Be xal oiXkoi ix tojv etaBuadvTtov crTpaTtWTWv d«patpeaaVTe<; 
touc; jjloxXouc; twv xuXwv ty]<; xoXeo)?, ecar)yayov xal tou<; Xotxouc; evTOc; 
auTfjc;. MovaBix*?) B' ux^p^ev tj crTpaTtojTtxY) axXY)poTY)<; I "AvBpeq, yuvat- 
xe<;, xatBca xal auTa ^ti Ta &<]>u%(Z ovTa uxoxuxTouatv elq tyjv dyptav auTtiv 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 173 

6pyY)v, %tz\ tJu6vov to al^ia yj§uvy)0y) vd xaTaa6u<TYj ty^v 9X6702 tyj<; XuaaaXIa? 

Kat ^£TY]vlx^ P^ v x.axa)<; £X<«>v ° &acrtX£uc; elq ty^v cjxy)VY)v, dXX' yjyv6ouv 
elalti dv I^y], xat e?<; dxav yjBy) o*t£aaXxt<j0Y) t6 axpaTeu^a 0Tt 6 'AXe^av- 
8po<;dxE0av£. T6 ^eXo<; *?jto £ta£Tt ivT&q ty]<; xXyjyy)?, xal xovot 8pt^.uTaT0t 
ixava^pouac tov ^aatXIa £tg a'laOiqaiv. 

M£Td cxapa?ixap8((i>v §£ (jT£vay^wv 8taTa<j<7£i vd ^SdXwat ty^v aty^v 
tou P^Xoug i% tou atoyiaTOc-, £upuvovT£<; 8td tou ^tcpouc; ty^v xXtqyyjv. 

Kal via (X£V £xlpX£Tat Xtxo^uxia ^x ty}<; ^YdXiqg xal a50t<; pof]? tou 
afyaToq, dXX' 6 gaatX£u<; oaov ouxw dv£Xa&£ x«P l ? tfj ^X U P£ aikou y,pda£t. 

$y][xtq, £v toutocc;, 8taBo0£t<ra el? t6 xapd Taq ik6oXd<; tou *YBpaa>Tou 
xoTapiou aTpaTox£$ov xept tou Tpau^aTO? x.at tou 0avaTOu tou gaatXIax; e?q 
[A£YdXif]v iv!6aX£V auT& Xuxyjv, £xl t£Xou<; $£ xat e!<; dOu^tav y.ai dx£Xxt- 
atav x£ptYjX0ov, xal 17 By) yjpwtwv dXXifjXouc;: «II(o<; lpi£XXov vd IxtaTpi^watv 
e(<; tt?)v xaTptBa;)) xat ^£Td BuaxoXfaq Y)0IXY)<7av vd xt<7T£uaG>c7tv oti I^tq 
8te y) x£pl toutou eVBiqaris cfyixeTO xpoq auToug, %od Ta ixfc tout<p GTaX^VTa 
YpdpLjJiaTa xpoq to <7TpaT6x£Oov i0£wpY)0Y)aav &>q xXaa0£VTa 6x6 twv x£pl 
auTOV aTpaTY]YWV xal owyiaTocpuXdxcov, xp&q xa0Yj<juxaatv twv dvYjauxwv xveu- 

^idTtoV. 

M£Td IxTa Yj^lpag 6 'AX^avBpo<; dv£Xa6£v 1% tyj<; v6crou, xakoc §£ to 
Tpaupta auTOU yJto dvoty,T6v £ta£Tt, ^a0d>v opuoq Ta £V t(I> GTpaToxiBtp au^jL- 
6acvovTa /at <po6ou^£voq ^ 8uadpe<7T6v ti au[x6fj iv auTw, dx£cpdata£ vd £\l- 
(pavtaS-fi xp6c; Touq UTpaTtwTaq tou xplv £Tt £VT£Xwc; dvappwaY]. 

Ai£Ta£e Xotx6v vd xaTaax£uaa0fj pL£YaXoxp£XY)q <jxy)vt?) ivzbq tyc, vauap- 
X(Boq, YJTt? dv£U xo)XY]Xaa(a<; 6x6 jjlovou tou p£u^aTO<; w0ou[X£vy) ecpepe t6v 
ftaaiXIa Etc; Ta<; ffu^6oXd<; tou 'YBpawTOu xal 'Ax£a(vou, £V0a y)to to aTpa- 
t6xeBov. 

IIapY3YT £t ^ e ^' &aaiX£uc; vd dcpaiplawat tt^v <jxy)vy> dx6 ty^? xpu(JLVY)c;, 
W(JT£ xal Btd t6)v (Mtov 690aX[xa)v vd xeia06aiv ot GTpaTcwTac, oti Bev £XO- 
[xf^£TO V£Xp6<; 6 ^aatX£u<;. 

Kal 0! (i£v uxajxtaTa^ xpoalcp£pav xXtvYjv 9} cpop£tov xp6q tov 'AX^av- 
Spov jilXXovTa vd i^£X0Yj tou xXotou, dXX' outo<; ^ttqcis vd cpipwatv auT(p 

T6vKxXOV, W(7T£ vd'lSdXJlV aUTOV, Ot [JL£V aXTO^L£VOt T(OV X £t P^V aUTOU, Ot §£TWV 

YovaTwv y) xat twv cpop£[iaTa>v, dXXot 8' ix' auTOU ptxT0VT£c; Tatvtac; y,at dv0Y). 
'0 'AX^avBpoc; T£X£aaq £uxaptaTY]pta xp6<; tou? 0£ou<; ux£p ty^c; dvap- 
pti)a£0)c;, xat Btacpopouq T£X£aa<; dY^vac;, dvi^£uc;£v £% tou xapd tov 'YBpa- 
wttjV cTpaToxiBou, £X£px6|A£V0(; xaTa TYJqx^po^^^ ^ ^aatXiox; Mouatxavou, 
y;v x£pi£Ypa'^av auTW wq t6 xXouatwTaTov £0vo<; tgjv 'IvBwv, y]v xat xa0uxo- 
Tdi;ac; dx^X0£V a7.oXou0(oc; xaTaToG'O^uxavou, £T£pou yjY£^6vo<;, xaKouTov 
S'atx^aXwTtaac;, £X£X£C£ [lexa TauTa xaTa tou 26(jl6ou, outivoc; xupt£uaaq 
tt?)v xp(j>T£uouaav Ta StvSo^ava /.at tou? iv auTotq xaTaX£tcp0£VTaq 0Y]aau- 
gouq xat dXicpavTaq, Bt£Ta^£ auYXP 0VW< ; ^e™ ^£YaXY)<; axXYjpoTYjTOt; vd 



174 I2T0P1A TOT MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

dxaYX ^^ 1 rcdvTac; tou? xEpl ttjv x^P av ^pax^dvac;, tjtoi touc; co<pou<; 
xai iepei?, w<; aupi6ouXsuaavTa<; tou<; xaTofxoug vd axoaTaTTjawcriv dxo tou 
'AXs£dv8pou, iv o\q cu^xspcsXa^SdvsTO xal 6 Mouaixavoq, ocjtk; dxocruaTT)- 
ca<; ix viou guveXtj^Gtj uxo tou GTpaTTjYou IIsfGwvoc;' xal toutov pisv Stexa^ev 
6 'AXs^avBpoc; vd dxaYXovlawat iisTd tg>v £pax^dvwv, xoXXdq os twv xspl 
TauTTjv x6Xsc<; xaTTjod^casv. 

'Exl sxTa [x-rjvac; tou stou<; 325 x. X. xavcxov Tp6^ov ixTjYaYs to ovojxa 
tou 'AXs£dv8pou xa6' axaaav ttjv 'IvMav, xal xdvTsq o\ dg%t]yol sxovts<; 
axovTsg xap.sBfBovTO auxw, iv oi<; xal 6 TsXsuTaToc; [Leivtxq dvs^dpTYjToq 
tjys[ag>v Tfjg twv IlaTTdXwv [Le^dX-qq x&paq, ixTstvo^xsvTjc; ixl tou osXTa tou 
'IvBou, auTOxpoawxwc; iX0wv. 

"Evsxa 8s toutou I6Xsxev tj8tj 6 'AXs£av8po<;, oti 8sv sfys xXsov xp£t av 
xavT&g tou GTpaTOu, iv TauT(I> 8s xal si8tjgsc<; dcpixovTO ix twv ^opsiavaTO- 
Xtxwv x w P wv T °u ftaatXeiou, amvsc; <zxtjtouv wq dvaYxalov vd [ASTa6fl yie- 
YaXTj iiq 8uva[ii<; xpog laq x<±>pa<; ixsivag. 

*0 aaTpdxTjg ttjc; BaxTpcavfjc; 'O^udpTTjg iX6wv xpoawxixax; e?<; to 
CTpaToxs8ov dvTJYYeiXs tw 'AXs^dvBpw ixavdaTaacv ttjs iv BdxTpoc<; crupa- 
tiwtcxtjc; dxocxiaq, xal otc [ASYaXai Tapaxal dvs9UTjaav iv tjj aaTpaxsfa tou 
IIapoxa^(aou xal ao6apWTSpai fjaav aiTOu iawTspcxou tyjc; 'Aptavnq et Brjaretq, 
toutou 8* svsxa ^eya [X£V [Ligoq tou CTpaToG dxscrTaXTj s?<; Td ivBoTspa tyjc; 
'Adas ux6 tov KpaT£pov, ogtk; 8tsTax0Tj vd 8csX6tj Bed tyj<; 'Apaxwdag xal 
ApaYYiavijs ei<S *ri)v Kap^avtav, xal xaTa6dXXwv ttjv iv Talc; x^P a ^ ixscvatq 
dvacpavslaav GTdacv vd ixc^sXTjOfj wcjts ot aaTpdxai auTwv vd dxocjTstXwat 
t^woTpocptaq sic; ttjv xapaXiav ttj<; reopwdaq, svOa IVsXXs vd dxo6fj auTcx; 6 
£aatXsu<;* 6 8' 'AXs^avBpoc; ix ttjc; x w P a S TWV SoyBwv dva^u^ac; ^£Td tou 
gtoXou Icp0aa£v eiq tyjv x^P av ™ v IlaTTdXwv, dXX* supwv auTTjv £YxaTaXs- 
Xeijjl^Ivtjv 0x6 tou MotptBoq, xap* ou d%' ivaviiaq t]Xx^£ vd £uprj xpoxap£- 
ax£uaa[i£va xdvTa Td dvaY^ala tou ffTpaTOu, tou? [ih xaTofxoug auv£xdX£j£ 
[i£Td xoXXou aY&voc; el^Td'fSia, t6v 81 ^HqjatcTtwva xai IlEcOtova ot£Ta?£ vd 
dxupaxjwat ttjv x6Xtv,vd xaTaax£udao)at Xt^iva xai veupux y.<xl vd dxoaT£tXd)C7t 
otdipopa <TTpaTCG>Tixd dxoaxda^aTa, aTtva vd tppovTtawai vd xaTaaTTjaaxrcv ot- 
XTjatpLov tt^v IpTjEJiov* auToq 0£ ^L£Ta tou cttoXou dx£cpdo , [as vd xaTaxXsuayj 
[A£Xpt twv ixSoX&v tou iv heboid psovTog xupio>TdtTOU ^paxcovog tou xoTa[i.ou 
xpoq ot£p£UVTjatv ir^q xaTaXXT]XoT£pa<; 8td tou d)X£avou ixavoBou £tg Ilep- 
afav* 6 8s A£ovvaTO<; (Ji£Td x^X(o>v oxTczxoactov aTpaTtcoTwv 8t£Tax6Tj vd X£pcd- 
YTjTat ziq ttjv oxQtjv. 

Kal ix£X£tpTja£ tA£V t6v Etc; tov <I>x£av6v xcztocxXouv 6 'AXi^avBpoc;, dXX' 
•fjYVOEt sc<; xotoug xtv8uvou<; s£st(0£TO 8td Td xpa)Toq)avf] xal Tpo^Epd toI<; 
Max£o6(jtv ixdva [Ligt], 

Ttjv 0£ §£UT£pav Tj[i£pav tou xXou, ^6Xt<; Bixa ^(Xta dxixov^s? ™v 
IIaTTdXo3v, atpoBpoc;, dx6(X£(7Tj[JL6p(ac;, eyepOetq ave'txoq, (xsYtaTTjv xpou^evTjas 
^Xd6Tjv T(I) aTdXw, xal Td [Lh twv xXotwv £xa6ov, Td oe xavTaxaai 8te- 



1ST0P1A TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 175 

X60Y]aav, xai auXXY)<p0svT£? [ih 'IvBol tivs? ixavw? e?By)[aovs? twv toxg>v xai 
tou xotoc^iou xaTaxXou E9spav Td x),oi<z e'i? Tiva Biwpuya, sv6a xai Ixe- 
<jX£uda0TQ<jav, iv [XEpsi, xoiTd t& evqv, dXV ijBy) £i? veou? xivBuvou? xai tcc- 
Xaixwpia? eppt^e xai auOi? aikd rj e(? tou? £evou? xdvTfl dyvoxjTo? £xl tou 
'IvBoO xoTapiou dVxwTi? xat xXif^upa. 

Kal xaT' dpxd? iisv Td xu^JiaTa tou xoTa^xoQ, uxo tou avi^Jiou tyj? e£g) 
GaXdaair]? cuvTapaTTo^Eva, d? tocjoutov dvs6Y]aav u^oq, wjte to: xXsiaTa twv 
xXoigw St? ^Yjpdv yfjv dxEXsicpSiqaav. 

Kal {JisydXiQ (xev tJto yj ox; ex toutou Ixx)a}£t? tou GTpaTOu, dXV s(? 
[AEyaXsiTEpov Gau^iaa^ov sppi<j;sv aikou? Y) xXrj^upa, ote, tou xupiaTO? ^£Ta 
@ca? xai xpoTOU ixaxdaavTO? xaTa tg>v xXoi'wv, xoXXd cuvsTp(6Y]aav 
xpo? dXXiqXa auyxpouaOsvTa, Td Bs eC<g tyjv y^v E^oxsiXavTa xaTsaTpd^iqaav, 
£x tuxiq<; B'6 'AXs^avBpo? uxExtpuftov tou? xivBuvou? toutou?, [jleto: TauTa 
sq)0aasv ei? vfjadv Tiva yjv 6 iBio? HxcXoujtiv wvo^aasv t] *FtXTOuxav, xat [ie- 
ydXa? Ouaia? TE^Eaa? xpo? tov Aia tov "A^wva xai tou? d'XXou? 6sou?, 
EVavYjXOsv eiq IldTTaXa' ixsTOsv Be Bid tou GTo^aTo? tou 'IvBou dvsxXsuasv 
si? t6 xsXayo?, acpdq'a? xpoTepov Taupou?, ou? xai eppi^sv ei? tyjv OdXaaaav 
Bid tov IIoasiBtova, xai Bid XP U(J YJ? <P'dXY)? xai xpuawv xpaTYjpiov ^xoitqcje 
cxovBd? xpo? auTov. 

'Ev IlaTTdXoi? Be BiaTpt6d>v vuv 6 'AX£?"avBpo?, eiq ouBev alio ivqvxo- 
>.eito, ei^Y) si? tov ^Eyav ^ev, dlld xai Buax£p£CTaTov xai xivBuvwBsaTaTOV 
axox&v auTou, t^v dvaxdXutJnv, Byj^ocBy), 6aXaaaia? 6Bou, Bi' -qq e^jleXXe vd 
auvB£0f) 6 'IvB6<; yi£Td tou EucppdTOU xai T^q IlEpaiac;, IvGa i^ekita vd ixa. 
v^XBfj. Ti? B' y)to ixavoq vd dvaXd6Y) TOiauTYjv £xiX£ipY)aiv; 

'O 'AXE^avBpoc; -^to [jlev xai xspav tou BIovto? ToX^TQpog, xal xp60u^oq 
vd £xt6dXif) t^v dxaTaxovY]Tov auTou OeXyjjiv xai eiq auTov tov ^xsavov, all' 
al dv Biacpopoi? ^sp£aiv E'xpTQyvujjLEvat aTaasiq, xaTdTYjv BidpxscavTou 'IvBixou 
xoXe^jlou, dxYjTOUv dxoXuTOx; ttjv xapouaiav ocutou, i) §k Bid ?iqpd<; eiq ttqv 
Ilspaiav oBoq ^to BuaxoXcoTaTY), xaGoTi 6 aTpaTo^Btspxo^evo^Touq^oSepouc; 
dxs(vou<; t6xou<; xai ^ax6[X£vo<; eT^ev dvax6(p£uxTov dvdyKriv tyj? xpoawxix^? 
auTou BiEuSuvjEOx;, xaSoTt xpo<; auTov [jiovov xai dOdppEi xai ivsxtaTEUETO. 

Tf<; Xoixov wcpsiXe vd ^xXsyf) dpx^yoc; tou ctoXou, &q s^wv tt?jv ixav6- 
T7]Ta vd xaTaaiYa^f] Tdq^xl tout(p xpoXyj^eic; xai tou? 6opu6ou<; twv GTpa- 
TitoTtov, ^xvswv auvdjxa Gdppo? xai toX^xyjv auTOi?; *0 'AXi^avBpo? Bia- 
xotvaxja? xdaa? Tdq xspt to uto u d[L<?&oli<xq xai tou? <p66o u? xpo? tov xijtov 
auTou d£ito^aTtx°v Nsapxov t6v 'AvBpoTi^ou, YjpwTYjaE ty)v yvwplyjv auTou 
xp6? Tiva wcpstXs vd ^xkjteuG^ t^v BtsuSuvatv tou ctoXou, y.al oDto? {jlev 
8ia<p6pou<; BiaBoxixw? xpo^TEivsv auT(p, d>,X' ixsiBi?) axavTa? o-xsppt^EV 6 
'AXs^avBpo?, xocOoti 6 (jlev Bev ^to dpxouvTw? ToX^Yjpo?, 6 Be hh ^to Be6v- 
T0>? l^iXEtpo? xspl Td vauTtxd xa^ dXXot hh 'rjaav d'^iot t^? ^xtaToauviQ?. 
«T6te Xoixov e'ya), a) ^aaiX£u,£lx£v 6N£apxo?,dxoB£xo^at vd yEiva> dpx^yo? 
•cou gt6Xou, xocl vd <pipo) ca>a?Td?Tpnr)p£i? xaiTOu?aTpaTia>Ta? eiq ITspdav, 



176 UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

dpxd vd elvat xXeuuty) y) 0dXaaaa xal to epyov oi>xl dB uvaTov xpo<; IxTeXe- 
atv e!g dvBpcoxivov vouv)). Kal outgx; e^eXeyY) Y)ye[jiwv tou cttoXou 6 Neapxoq. 

Outg) B' dx£<padcj0Y) 6 ^ev Neapxo? va oSYjyYjayj t6v cttoXov elq LUpdav 
(xexd [xeydXou [xepou? tou ffTpaTOu [xsxpt tou Eu9paTo'u, 6 B' 'AXe^avBpo? 
auv£6dBi^£ Bid ty)<; r£Bp(i>afag ^£Ta tou Xoixou aTpaTou. 

Kal ivoacp niv oi Max£B6v£<; -rjaav Iti ev 'IvBca, £ux6Xa><; x£pt£CT£XX£TO 
xdaa dvTtuTaatq twv Eyxwptav ^a&v, dXX' Y7 Stq au0aB£(?T£poi outoi xaT£OTYj- 
aav, Bt£y£ip6^£vot uxo tg>v u^YjXo^povtov @paxixdvG>v, omveq, xp6 xdvTtov 
Bt£p£0(aavT£<; dvTapTiqv Tivd, 2d66av yj 2d6iov xaXo6[ji£vov, xXdaTtov xax&v 
a'lTiot xpo<; tou<; Max£B6va<; eyivovTO. 

'O cruoXoq xpol6aivev ev Td^st dXX' ojjlg)? Btd xoXXouq Xoyouq [xyj Buvd- 
[Aevoq aXXw? vd xpo[iY)0£UTQTat Tpotpdg xal uBwp Bid t6v aTpaTov, ij dvdyxYjc; 
oj^etXs vd xpoaop^YjTai, dx& xacpou sec; xacpov, eiq ty)v xapaXcav, ouB'yjto 
BuvaTOV vd dxoxo>p^Y]Tat £xl xoXu dx' auTYJq Bid tyjv tots dTsXecav tyj<; vau- 

TIXYJ? ixtaTYj^Yjq. 

r Haav Bs Td tIXtq tou AuyoucTOu [L-qvoq loulrouq 325, 6 B' 'AXI^av- 
Bpoc; dvaXa6wv Td ixXsxTOTepa Tdy^JL7Ta tou aTpaTOu dve^£u?£V ix IlaTTd- 
Xtov xal [jieTd Ivvsa Tj^epwv oBoixopfav ecpOaasv dq tyjv xocXdBa tou 'Apa- 
6tou xoTa^tou, £v0a xaTwxouv ot 'Apa6txat xal 0! 'Qp£?uat. 

Kal 0! \xev 'Apa6tTat dx£C7up0Y)aav etq tyjv lpYj{j(.ov,6 B' 'AX^avBpoq, Btd 
vuxtcx; BtaSdc; tiiya ^spoc; tyjc; epYj^ou, etaeSaXev elq ty^v /wpav tg>v 'Qpet- 
Twv, £v0a xal viav £XTC<re xcXtv Btd tou 'HtpacaTcwvog. 

Kal 0! piev 'QpslTai au^axiav xotY]aavT£<; (xsTa Ttov xapaxetpilvwv Fe- 
Bpwafwv, xaTeXa6ov <jt£vy)v Ttva xdpoBov, £A£XeTG)VT£<; vd jay) diatom tov 
'AXs^avBpov vd xpox^pYjaif) xspatTlpw. 

"OxiaGsv astpdq xpiQtxvwv uxdpxet Y) egy][Loq t^<; TeBpaxrcaq, ixl xoXXdc 
eVueivo^eviQT^epac; 'EpY]^Lta, xal xpo xdvTG)v eXAet^tc; uBaToc;, ^aavTa xaTa- 
xie^ovTa \i.igr\ TauTa Bstvd, y.ctl tyjv ^ev rj^spav xauaTtxwTaTo? TJAcoq xat 
xovic; d[X[xa)BY]<; qjXoyf^ouja tous 6©0aXtiou<; xac xaTa0Xt'6ouaa ttjv dvaxvoYjv 
dtp* evog, tt)V Be vuxTa tyux°$ xayeTwBe? xac 6XoXuy(xot twv GiQptwv, outc 
axexY), ouTe %ogioq, ouTe ^ayiQTd, outs oxoxrBYjxoTe da^aXrjg oBoq. 

'Ex t^<; ipT)[Jiou Be TauTYj? XeyeTat, oti r\ Se^tpa^t?, r\ xeptipYjfjLoq ty]? 
^Aaaupfac; ftadXtaaa, ^xtaTpetpouaa 15 'IvBcwv, {jletA exaTov xilidSw aTpa- 
tou, ixeCTTpe'^e (16X15 e"xoatv avBpaq [JieB' eauT^<; q^epouaa, ty)v auTirjV Bs 
xal 6 Kupo<; XeyeTat oti ^6dBtaev 6B6v, xal tyjv auT^jv xat ^xetvoc; Kcr^e ^ocpav. 

Kal BtY]u0uv0Yj [ikv b 'AXe^avBpof; xpo? tyjvoBov TauTYjv, 6eXo)v BrjBev, 
foq elxov Tive<; twv taToptxwv, dpxafwv Te xal vewTepwv, vd <pavfj dvwTepo? 
iT)q 2£^ipd[i-tBo<; xal tou Kupou, xupftoq o^xax; xpoTt0£^evo<; vd [xy) d^Yjarj 
dBeaxoTOuq xal dvuxoTaxTOuc; Ta? h T(p [leTa^u [xeydXa? ixTaaetq, XP^^'- 
t!£uo6aa<; <b<; xaTacpuyiov XrjaTptxcav {TU[X[xopta)v xal 6p[j.Y]TY)ptov dvTapTwv 
aaTpaxwv. 

Kal xy]B6^£voc; ^sv Ta (ilyiaTa 6 'AXscjavBpoq tou gtoXou, a^xa 8xe Ma- 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 177 

crev elq eutpopov Tiva %&p<xv TY }£ reBpwatac;, ipopTtoaa*; i%\ t&v uxo^uy((i>v 
dxavTa t&v xap* auTW atrov, xat Stdc tyj<; cBias a^paytBo*; cnppayiaag toik; 
adxxoug, exe^ £V «ut6v elq ttqv xapaXc'av. 

Kai o! ^iv xetva)VT£<; aTpaTionac jjnqBoXkx; tppovTc£,ovT£<; x£pi tyj<; o~9pa- 
yTBo<; tou (SaacXiax;, tou? Be adxxous auToxpoatp£TG><; dvot?avT£<;, Bi£V£i^av 
T9V (jTtov ^stoc^u aikwv, 6 B' 'AXI^avBpoq @Xexo>v ty;v xpo<; touto wOirjaaaav 
auTOuq dvdyxiqv, auvexwpiqaev auToTg, [liyav o[kO)q xaTe6aXe xoxov, dya)- 
vtaGetq vd auyxopuqf) veov cTtov xp6<; xp-rjatv tou ev tw aToX(p (iTpaTOu. 

'E^Yjxovxa Yj^epaq Bcavuaaq 6 GTpaTcx; twv Max£B6vo>v, ItpGaae TeXoq 
eiq Ta Iloupa, xpoyreuouaav ttj? reBptixrfaq. 

Ac TaXacxtopcai Be xat al aT£pYj<j £t ?> &S xaG'oBov ux£^£ivav, uxEpESiqaav 
xdaaq Ta<; xpOTepa?. 

'0 <pXoyepo<; xal xvcyrjpoq xauawv ^eTa ir\q dqjopifjTou iXXei^eox; tou 
uBaTog dxe6r] 6Xe6ptoc; xal 6avaTY)<p6po<; ec? tiiya \xegoq tou aTpaTou, iBcox; 
Be iily a? oXeOpoq exfjXGev ec<; Ta uxo^uyta, aTtva evexa tou gdGou<; xat tou 
xauawvoq ty}? Bcaxupou d^ou, dy' hoq, xai ir\q B(^Y]q dip'eTepou, e\ dxapeti 
xaT£<iTp£(povTo, xpoq toutok; Be xal xoXXd e£ auT&v, w<; Yxxouq xal TJfJUOVOUg, 
evexa ty)<; eXXe(^e(i><; tyj<; Tpoqrqc; Yjvayxd^ovTo vd atpd^axrc, xal to xpeag au- 
twv vd xaTaTpwyoxji, Ta? 8* d^d^a? a9et8to<; xaTaGpauovTeq dvTl xauao^u- 

X(i>V [X£T£X£tp^OVTO. 

IlXeTaTot t&v aTpaTtwTtov, cBta oc xapaxoXouGouvTeq t6v CTpaTOV xaTBe? 
xal at yuvalxeq, 1} voaouvTec; yj iv to> uxvw, aT£pou(X£voi xavTeXwq tg>v Buvd- 
^jl£G)v auTwv, e^evov vexpol xaTa ttjv oBocxopiav, xoXXol §£ xal uBwp dxop£- 
gtox; xivovt£? £v6a eupiaxov auT6 dxlOvigaxov. 

'H dcp6ovta Be xoXXd/.t?, dx; %a\ i) eXkeityiq tou uBaToq, ixlcp£p£ t6v 6X£- 
Spov auTotg, xoXXol he y,al xXiQaiov xst[idppa>v £V dyvofa xa0£uBovT£g toutwv 
^oyxou[X£Vo>v, xaTa tyjv vuxTa, £V£xa ^JL£ydXo>v x,a! payBatwv ^pox^v, dvap- 
Xa^6(l£V0t UXO TWV p£UJJLaT(i>V xap£aupovTO. 

'Eva> B' ol Max£B6v£i; Ta xdvB£tva u9taTavT0, 6 'AX^avBpoc; ivlx£(j£v 
£t<; [X£ydXY]v Xuxy]v xat <ppovTiBa, Bioti t^to ovTtoq dXy£tvov vd §ki%-(i tou? 
y£vva(ou<; lx£tvou<; aTpaTtwTa?, tou? £/, ToaouTtov a![xaTiQpo)v xoAe^kov Bcaaa)- 
0£VTa<;, vd dxoGvYjaxwai T^q x£tVY]c;, 6aY][X£pat dxoB£xaTt^6(X£VOL 

To dxoAouSov B£ Beixvuei ttjv e^utov pi£yaAot];uxtav xal xapT£p(av tou 
^acrtXeox;. 

'O GTpaTo? £xop£U£TO ev ^aOuTaT^ dVlitp, ixtcpAlyovToq tou xauaa>vo<;, 

X£^6q B£ XpOY)Y£CTO TG)V (TTpaTtWTWV 6 ' AA£^avBpOq, W(JT£ aU[X^£pt^6^£V0<; 

outw xat auTo? twv xaxoxa6£to)v xai twv TaAatxwpiwv xaGcaTa auTd? fxaX- 
Xov cpopYjTac; dx£tvotc. 

Kal 6 'AXI^avBpoq Be xal 6 UTpaToq iBc^wv $<xpio>q, xat Ttv£q Ttov o*Tpa- 
TitoT&v, e'Xa^pax; (bxXtati£vot, dxo^axpu0£VT£<; xp6<; dva^Tiqaiv uBaTo?, 
xai £upovTe<; ev Tivt ^a6£ca x^pdBpa 6Atyov Tt oux^ xaA6v uBo>p, xXifjpw- 



178 I2T0PIA TOT MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

cavTsg ££ aiiTou xEpixEcpaXaiav xpoaYjv£yxav aiiTO xpo<; tov ftaacXIa ox; 

dVEXTl^YJTOV BtopOV. 

'ExsTvo? Be XaStoV to uBwp xal suxapiaTYjaa? tou? dyayovTa? aiiTO exuce 
xaTa yrj? xpo tg>v dtpOaX^uov xdvTcov, exiSu^tov aiiTO? jjiovot; vd xaTaxauqfj 
tyjv B(<j;av, o! 8' dXXoc Bi^wvte? (isTa xoOou va xpoa^Xexwacv aikov icf- 
vovxa. IIsptTTov va gYj^stwaw^ev xoaov 6au[xaapi6v xal xoia? euxapcaTYja£i<; 
Bcrjyscps [xsxa^u twv GTpaTi(DTG>v yj ysvvaca auTYj xpd£t? tou 'AXe^avBpou. 

'Exl Yj^ipa? oXoxAYjpou? Bcyjpxovto d^wBsi? epYj^ou? oc MaxsBovsq, 
{ayjBsv aAAo dxavTWVTs? ec^yj (potvcxwv auaTYj^aTa, auxvoTspa 8' eupcaxovTO 
iv Tfj £pY)^(p TauTfl xal B&vBpa a^upvYj? jieyaAefTepa twv <7Uvyj6g>v, dBcaxd- 
xwg 8' oi x^P tv e^xopfou xapaxoAou6ouvT£<; t6v (jxpaxov, (JisTa xAyjOou? xa- 
^lYjAtov Qoivweq, &q scByj^ove? xepl Ta TOtauTa, auvsXeyov to dpo>[JiaTixov 
Bdxpuov tyj<; c^upvYjq. 

Ilapd tyjv GdXaaaav 8s xal Ta xap' aiiTfj uBaTa ^v6st xal yj euoapio? \xu- 
pfxYj, exl 8s tyj? yrj? elpxev yj vdpBog xal'lrspov slBo? <puTou dxavGwBs?, e!<; 
o xspixlsxd^svot auv£Xa[x6dvovTO o! xaTaTpo^d^ovTsg Xayo>ol ex tyj<; xo- 
pe(ag tou aTpaTOu. 

Etq to e^Yjg 8s 6 aTpaTog wBocxdpsi tyjv vuxTa xal dvsxausTo tyjv Yj^ipav, 
auxvdxtq 8s Bcdcpopa aw^xaTa tou aTpaTou dXXYjXoBcaBoxwc; sxsjjixovto eiq t^jv 
xapaXfav, TOxoOeTOuvTeg xap' aikf] Ta dvayxaia dq tyjv vauTtx*rjv crupaTidv, 
6puaaovT£<; cppsaTa, xal e^eTa^ovTeq tyjv <puacv tg>v xapaXitov, xaTd to euXf- 

(JLSVOV YJ dX([JL£VOV aUTWV. 

Ka( Tiveq twv ixl t a) crxox w to ut (p ice^OlvTtov cxxewv dvYjy y eiXav otc eu pov, 
xaTa tov aiyiaXdv, dGXtou? a\idq ivzbq xviyYjpwv xaXu6tov xaTotxouvTac;. 
Autyj B' yjto yj dyovo? xa! <po6epd dxTYj twv X£yo^£vo>v tx^ uo 9«T wv J ^ a ^£- 
ytaTa B£tvd ux£aTYjaav xat 6 aTpaTo? xat 6 crtoXoq' iQ^tdyptot xal GYjptwB£tq 
outoi, xal to a(d[L(x [xdXXov YjXtoxalq, tou<; B' ovuxac yju^yjjjlevouc; xal tt?jv xo- 
[jlyjv aTaxTOV xal aux^Yjpdv Ixovte?, eveBuovto BipjxaTa dyptwv ^towv, xal 

^TplcpOVTO TpWyOVT£<; XUp((0q TOU? £V TO) Y)Xf(p ^YJpatVO[JL£VO u? tx^ £ ^« 

TlXoq B' 6 'AX^avBpoc; BieXOwv tyjv Xcav ixtxovov epyj^Lov tyj? r£Bpo>- 
atac;, dcpixsTO e!q Kapa^avtav,Iv6a Btd pitd<; sec; tou? 6^<xX[iouq twv MaxeBo- 
vwv dvecpdvYj £T£pa ^uat? x^ 0£ P^ ^ a ' c xaTaaxco?, at uxo d^xeXwvwv, cpotvfxwv 
xal dXAov xavTOstBwv B£vBpwv x£xaAupLfJL£vat dxTacTY](;KapapLav(a<;,auyxp6- 
vg><; Be xal 6 6x6 tov INUapxov cjtoAo? xpoao)p[jLfa0Yj eiq tyjv wpatav xapaXfav 
TTjq*Ap(jLa^e(a<;, xapaTa? £x6oXd<; tou 'Avd^iBo? xoTa^ou, xaTa tov Ilep- 
atx6v xoXxov. 

AuToxpoawxox; 8* ixet 6 Niapxo?, xapaXa6wv tov uxovauapxov 'Ap- 
Xtav xa( Ttva? d^tto^aTtxouq, dxYjX6£ xpo? ctuvevteu^iv tou fSactXiox;. Afav 
xa0YjTixYj B£ x£ptypdcp£Tai yj auv£VT£U^t<; auTYj tou 'A^E^dvBpou [X£Ta tou 
Nfidpxou. 

Attpvtocox; iSuv outo? t6v N£apxov xal 'Apx^av, xal vo[x(^o)v otc outoi 
yidvoi dad)6Yjaav, 6 Be Xotxo? gtoXo? dxo>Xea6Yj, YaTaTO £xl xoXuv xpdvov Ba- 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 179 

xpuwv, teXo? Bs Biaxo^a? ttjv aiyiqv slxs T(p Nsapxtj). «'A<p'o5 b[Lelq, w Ns- 
apxs xal 'Apxta,£aa)6iQT£, xaTa to tj^juuu, v'Ov acaOdvopiat ttjv 6Xc<}uv tyjc; dxa>- 
Xsfaq tou ctoXou' s'txaTE ^oi Be Twpa xou xal xox; xaT£(TTpa9Y) 6 gtoXo? 
xal 6 (TTpaTC-c; (xou;))«Kat Ta Buo Tauxa, d) @a<jcXsu,dx£xp(0Tq 6 Niapxo?, xal 
6 axoXoq xal 6 aTpaioq BisatoGfjaav, T)^£c<; 8' ^XGo^ev dyysXoc Tfjq awnrjpfaq 
aiiTtov.)) 

'O @aaiX£uq, Bid touto, ste [xdXXov uxo %<xgaq iBdxpuas xal xXrjpEtq 
dyaXXtdcjEGx; xal EvGouacaa^ou Yjaav xdvTsc; ol xEpl t6v @aacXsa' w^oas Be 
xal ouToq xpog tov A(a Tov"A[X[i(i)va otc tj rj^xlpa auTY] tjto xoXuTcpiOTEpa au- 
to) t] T) xaxox^Q dxdcjY]? ttjs 'Adaq. 

*H £tq Souaa ExdvoBoq tou 'AXE^dvBpou tJto dvayxaiOTaT-r)" Biotc [Jisyd- 
Xai aTa^cac xal excxcvBuvoi aTaaEcq auvlSYjaav dvd Td Btdcpopa ^IpY] tyjc; jjlo- 
vapxfaq. To Bcexov tou? dpxacou<; Tlepaaq xv£U(xa tyjc; dpxayrjc; xal tou 
a<p£T£pia[JLoD £b£XwpY]a£ xal dq touc; vsouc; tou 'AXs^dvBpou BtotXYjTac; tg>v 
ixapx^wv, xaTa tyjv eic; 'IvBtav sxaTpaTdav auTOu. 

Kal ev Kapa[xav(a ixev ext wv 6 'AXs^avBpoc; eXa6ev dcpop^dg vd ticmd- 
p-rjaf) auaTYjpax; evoxou? Ttvdc; xaTaxpacrdc;. Outgx; 6 xaTa to etoc; 330 au- 
ToxpoaipsTG><;uxoTay£lc; caTpdxYjc;, 'AaxdaTYjq, xaTY)yopY]G£ic; vuvsxl dxo- 
XEtpa axocTaafag, xapsBoGir] eic; x £ <P a S Stjixiou, 6 Be HiSupTioc; SieSsxGyj tyjv 
aocTpaxstav auTou, auyxpovox; ^ £ 8ieTax0T)aav vd xaTa6d>acv ix MiqBiaq eiq 
Kapa^avtav, oi GTpaTTjyof, KXiavBpoc;, 'Hpaxtov, SiTaXxYjc; xal 'AydGwv 
LLETa [isydXou jjispouc; tou aTpaTou auTwv, xal xoXXol 8' ev TauT(p ™v ^xt- 
cr J (JLOTEpG)VxaTo(y.(i)v tyj<; x^>P a< S xaTE6Y]<iav, xaTYjyopouvTEc; aiiTOuc;, otc eVu- 
XYjaav vaoug, l^copu^av Tatpouc;, xal xavTOcoTpoxax; xaTsxcsaav Touq xaTof- 
xouq, xaTETapa^av tyjv EcpTjviqv twv ocxoysvEtiov xat xaTEGTiqaav [jlc(jy)t6v to 
ovo^a twv 'EXXyjvwv" 6 KXsapxoq Be xpo xdvTwv, 6 aTpaTY]y6<; twv [JLta6o(p6- 
pwv t EXXY]v tL>v > ixsaxaasv stq sauTov to ysvtxov ^cao<; %a\ tyjv axoaTpo^Yjv 
Tu>v iyxtopttov' xal 6 ^sv ^Hpdxtov BcxatoXoyrjOstc; dxEXuGr], xpoawptvtog, 6 
hk 2tTdXxY]q, 6 'Ayd6d)v xal 6 KXsapxoc; svoxoxotigOEVTEc; ^sS' s£axoa(<i>v 
dXXo>v aTpaTiwTWV dyLEaox; xaTEaq/dyiqaav, ex Be twv xotvtov toutwv ol Xao£ 
ixEiaOrjaav otc 6 QaaiXebq y]to aAr^o)*; 6 xpoarTaTYjq auTwv, ouS' t]6eAe vd 
pi£Tax£ip^ G)VTat «utou<; dx; BopuaXwToug. 

Suyxpovwc; Be xal ^yxuxXioq ixtaToX^ tou, 3a^tXEO)<; e^eBoOtq xpoq xdv- 
Taq Touq aaTpdxaq xafc GTpaTY]you<; vd xaTa6dxrtv et<; Souaa, oxtog Boxjgxjiv 
Eu6uva<; twv xpd^swv xal BtxatoXoyiQ6a)at Btdi: Tdq x<zt' auTwv xaTiQyoptaq 
twv xaTofxwv. Kal 6 'Op^vrji; B' ix tou ^sydXou ysvouc; twv IlEpawv, t6>v 
'Axat^svtBwv xaTayo^Evoq, xal caTpdxr]? IlepffexoXsGx; wv, xapsaTiq 
Ivcoxtov tou 'AXs^dvBpou, xaT^yopou^svoq, oti 6 Tacpoq tou ^sydXou Ku- 
pou EUpsOt) BiG>puy^Evo<; xal iaxuXsu^Evoq iv IlapaaydBacq, xal xaT' dp- 
Xa? ^xev xaTir)yopT)6T)aav ol ^.dyot, £iq xapcBovTsc; ttjv xaTa<7TpocpYjVTauTY]v 
tou Tacpou, dxoXouOax; Be i%\ pa6u[xfa Btd touto xal i%\ aXXoiq iyxXiQfJLaatv 
Evoxo<S eupeGei? 6 'Op^vrjf; xaTsBtxaadT) dq tov 8t' dy%6vt]q GdvaTOV. 



180 I2TOPIA TOT MErAAOT AAE3ANAP0T 

'0 Bs 'AAs£avBpo<; Btsxa^s xov 'Aptax66ouAov vd xoa^Yjarj x6v xou Ku- 
pou xd<pov &}• uxapx^?. Kat ec<; Souaa Be [isxa6dvxo<; tjBt] xou 'AXs^dvBpou, 
Btd xwv IIspatBwv xuawv, avsvs(i>0Y]aav xat au0tq at axYjvat xrjq Kapa[iav(a<; 
xat IIspaEXoAswc;. Kat xapsaxrj jjlsv ivwxtov xou frxcjiXeax; 'O£d0pY)q, 6 / 
aaxpdxiqq xyj<; riapatxaxY)vr)<;, xat uto<; tou aaxpdxou xwv Souawv 'A6ouXt- 
tou, dXA' evoxoq xaxaxpiqaswv eupeOelq £0avaxw0Y) tBtoxscpw<; uxo xou 'Aae- 
£dvBpou' xat Y]Axt^s ^£V 6 xaxrjp auxou vd s^tXswaY) xrjv dpyrjv xou 'AXs£dv- 
Bpou Bid tyjc; xpoacpopaq xptax^ wv xaXdvxwv, dXX' 6 'AXs£avBpo<; Btaxd£a<; 
vd pt^wat xd xdXavxa Evwxtov xwv Yxxwv, xat spo>xT]aa<; dv xauxa xaxixauaav 
ty)v xstvav twv ^wwv, xapYjyysiXsv d^iaidc, vd 0avaxw0f)' xat ex' dXXotq Be 
syxXrj^aat xax^yopelxo xat ouxoq, xp6 xdvxwv Be Btoxt avsxapxwc; xat 
xXtq^eXwc; £^£xAYjpou TYjv xpopnq0etav xwv ^woxpoqnwv xoi<; axpaxtwxatq' 
xy)V auxrjv B' sax 5 xat 6 'A6ouXtxY)g xux^v (Jisxd tou utou. 

Tevcxo^ Tpo^o? xaxeXa6s xou<; oxgxjByjxoxs xaxd ti evoxoug eauxouq 
ata0avo[ji£vou<; ext tofiq auaxY)pat<; xauxatg dvaxptasat* xai xd (liytaxa xdvxs<; 
eBetAcwv tj8yj xspt tou ^jleaXovto? auxwv. TotouToq B' yjxo vuv o v ApxaXog, 
ulbq xouMaxatxa xat dBsXqjoq xou tJByj dxoOavovxoc; <E>tXtxxou, aaxpdxou 
xy)<; 'IvBtx-fjt;. 'Ex xpwxY]<; B' cfysxTqptac;, Btd axouBatwv uxiqpscriwv suvou- 
axaxoq xapd xa> 'AXs^dvBpw wv, Bto>pta0TQ ux' auxou 0Y]aaupO9UAa?, dXX' 
ojJL(i)g xaxiaxY) Ivoxo? ^eydXwv xaTaxp^cjEWV xat xapavo^twv. 

Kat xax' dpxdq yiv jxeytaxY]v <pspwv pi£0' eauxou xeptouatav xaxicpuyEV 
elq xd Mlyapa, dXX' ixtEtxwg 6 'AX^avBpog auv£XwpYja£v auxov, xapixwv 
auxa) d[JLVY]ax£tav £xt xo!<; x£xpay[X£vot<;, xat xdXtv o[iu>q, oxe 6 'AAE^avBpoc; 
dxfiX0£V £tq TYjv 'IvBtav, d[Lipi[Lvoq 6 v ApxaXoc; TJpxtas vd Baxav(? tov Btq- 
[xoatov 0Y)aaup6v et<; xd? -rjBovd*; tt)<; xa(vt]<; xal T^q Tpaxl^TQq, xat xotvov 
axdvBaAov to ovopia auTou xapd xdat xaxiaxY]. 

'EA0d)V B' t^By] £t<; 'A0r]va<;, xat xpr)\±aai Bta(p0£tpa<; Ttvdq ix twv £%i- 
(7Y][Jiox£p(i>v Brj^aywytov, Bti[JL£tv£ (xev exeI dv£xiQp£aaxoc; Extxtva xpovov, dWa. 
x£Aoq Y]vayxd(j0Y] vd xaxacpuyy) xpwxov ^ev si? x6 Tatvapov, £txa B' £t<; tyjv 
KpY]xr]v, £v0a xat £cpov£u0Y] 6x6 xou AaxEBat^ovtou ©t^Sptovoq. 

Nuv Be xpoxstxat vd BtaBpa[xaxtcj0fj (xovaBtxY) ovxox; xavY)yupt<;. Atoxt 6 
'AAs^avBpoq vo[jl(^g)v oxt xeXo<; xdvxwv Yjyytxsv 6 xatpoq vd xpay^axoxotYjaY) 
o,xt xpo Bsxa £xd)v uxYjp^sv 6 axox6<; xwv xoae^wv xat twv xoAtTtxwv auxou 
Btaxdqswv, xpoaBtwptas xov Bta0puAY]0£VTa (xsyav yd^ov iv Souaotg, xa0' 
ov, xaTa jitav xal tyjv auTTjv Yj^ipav, QaaCkeuq xat ot aTpaTigyot auxou xat 
xAdaxot dXAot dx xou axpaxou cuv£^£UX0Yjaav xdc; E'xtarj^oxEpa*; Ouyaxspaq 
xfjq 'Aataq. 

Ot yd[xot B* ouxot ix£X£a0r)aav xaxd xd rUpatxd £0tpia, y^ ^k iv auxo!<; 
dvatpavEtaa Xa[xxp6xrj<; xat xoXuxsXsta Tjaav xdaYj<; xspty pacprjt; dvwxspat. 
'Ext xsvxYjxovxa xtovo)v x£ptxpuawv xatxsptapy upwv E'xsaxTjpt^Exo r) ^syaATj 
a't0ouaa, Iv0a qisAAov vd xeAsa0watv 0? yd^ot, oupavov s'xouaa Btdxpuaov xa^ 
XEXoa[i.TjixEvov [xsxd xoAuxsAtov xal xP uao ^ ( P aVTG)V xapaxExaajjLaxwv. 



I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 181 

'Ev tw [liatp Be ifiq Teaadptov GTaBtwv xep(6oXov exoucY]<; aiGouaYjq f)TO 
laTpto^svT] (JieyaXoxpexY]<; Tpdxe^a, xepl touc; exaTov e'xouaa dpyupoxoBac; 
dvaxXivTijpa? Xa^Lxpwq xexoa^nq^evouq Bid tou<; ^eXXovu^cpouq, xal ev 
xeptwxjj y)to o XP ua07U ou<; dvaxAcvTYjp tou (JaatAefoq. 

Acd<popoc dXXac Tpdxe^at Yjaav e<7TY)(iivai Be' dXXa excaYju^Tepa [Ae- 
Xy) tou <rrpaTOu, e(<; evvea x^^^S au^xoaou^eva, ev olc; aupixepieXaEJi6d- 
vovto Bidcpopot Yjye^oveg xal dpxovTes, o! xpea6ec<; Bcatpopwv (taatXewv xal 
aYj^avTtxwv x6Xeo>v xal dXXoc exicjYju-oc £evot ev Tfl auXfj tou 'AXe^dvBpou 
xapextBr)|JLOuvTe<;. 

KaTa tyjv evap^tv tyjc; TeXeT-fj? 6 (taacXeuq Yjp^aTO xoctov tjxovBdq ec'q Touq 
Geou?, elq B xapY]xoAou6-r,ffav auTov ol extaY][JL6Tepot twv ijevwv, exaffTog 
dx& XP ua *K <P t( *AY)<; axevBwv, y)v 6 'AAe^avBpoq wc Bwpov ya^rrjXtov xpoae^epe 
xpo<; exaaTov* efca B* ecaeXOouaat xal at vu^at xexaXu(JL^evac, e'Xa6ov Tag 
Geaeiq auTwv' xal Y) ^ev STdkeipa OuyaTYjp tou axoSiuxravTog jjieydAou @aac- 
Aewg Aapetou dxaBYjae xapd tw 'AXe£dvBp(p, yj Be veavuepa dBeX^Y) auTYJq 
ApuxfJTtq xapd t6 'HcpataTiwvt. 

'A^aaTpidq B' y) GuyaTYjp tou 'O^dOpou xal dve^cd tou [xeydXou @aai- 
X£o>g e*B66Yj to) Kpaxepw, y) Be OuyaTYjp Toui'ATpaxaTou aaTpdxou t^Myj- 
Bcag tw IlepBtxa. IlToXe^acog B' 6 awEJUXTOtpuXaq" xal Eu^evY]?, 6 ypapijjia- 
Teug tou @aatXeo><;, auve^euxOYjaav Tag GuyaTepag tou 'ApTa6d^ou, 'ApTa- 
xa^idv xal v ApTG>vcv, tov Ne\xpxov Be auve^euxGY) Y] OuyaTYjp tou MevTopoq 
xal tyjc; BapdvYjg, tov SeXeuxov yj OuydxYjp SxcTa^evouq tou BaxTpcou, 
xal outo) xaOe^fjg al exiaYj^dTepac xapOevoi tyjc; 'Ada?, at xXetJTai e£eX- 
XYjvf^ouaat Ta Ilepacxd auTwv 6vopiaTa, xXelaTat Be eBoOYjaav to!<; Xotxoiq 
eTafpoig xal cpfXoig tou ^aacXewg xepl Ta? 6yBoY]xovTa tov dpcO^ov. Kal ol 
u.ev vuu^coi Tetvavxec;. Tag Be^tdc; xpoq Taq vu^pag, YjaxdaOYjaav auTaq. 

IlavTeq Be [L&xpi ^aOetaq vuxto? Bte(j,etvav £v Tacg Tpaxe^atq auveuOu- 
(jLouvTeq, xal eka dxeaupOYjaav 6 e\q [lexo, t6v dXXov elq tou<; (Btoug vujjl- 
<ptxou<; OaXdpiou?. 

Nuv Be xal eTepa dxpoaBoxYjTO)? BtaBpa^aT(^eTat xaTavuxTtxwTaTYj xal 
axouBafa, xaTa t6 elBo? aurrjc;, cxyjvyj. Ilpoefxo^ev oti 6 'OvTqatxptToq dxo- 
axaXel? 6x6 tou 'AXe^dvBpou wBYjyYjaev elq tyjv auXY)v aiiTOu t6v yu^voao- 
(ptdTY^v KdXavov. Kal xapYjxoXouOet ^ev 6 yepwv outo<; cyotp6(; t6v aTpaTov 
tou ^aatXew?, ^y a< 5 Oau|xaaTY)<; BtaTeXwv ttj? Buvajxeox; xa: ^-qq 9tXo(jLa6e(a<; 
auTOu, e'TipidTO B'oux y^ttov xal outo<; ^eTd (JieydXou ae6aa(Jiou iv T(p aTpaTO- 
x^B(p BtaTaq dpeTa? 6x6 Te tou 'AXe^dvBpou xai to>v excaY](jLOTepo>vauXtx(i)v. 

Kal ouBexoTe [xev 6 eSBo^YjxovTOUTYjc yepo>v, iv tw ^C cp auTou, YjaOevYjtre, 
vuv B' a'a6av6(JLevo<; eauT^v xaxwg e'xovTa, xapaaTa? elxe xp6q t6v ^aatXea, 
oti Bev euapeaTetTat vd BcdyYj eU ^6 ^?^<; 6BuvY)pov 3tov, xal ote xpoeTtjxa 
u-dXXov vd dxoOdvYj xptv ot aw^iaTtxot auTou xovot dvayxdawatv auT6v vd 
y.eTa6dXY) Tifjv xpa)TY]v auTou xal (tuvtqGy] BfatTav. 

*0 'AXI^avBpoq dyaxwv t6v dvBpa hia ty^v xappYjdav xal t6v {xeiXc'xtov 



182 1ST0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Tpoxov xavTotOTpoxox; TjywvcjOiQ vd xg>X6<jy) ocut&v vd (jit?) xpoa<p£pj] eai)T6v 
Ouafav, dXA' 6 cotpoq tyjc; 'IvBcaq, (jleto: CTaOspOTYjTOi; dxexpltiY] auT<p, oti 
xapd toic 'IvBotg ouBev Oewpelxat ataxP 0T£ P 0V ij t) Tapaxir) toG xveujiaTOt; 
evexa twv xovgjv tou Gbi[L(x , zoq, xal oti Ta eSt^a tyj<; Oprjaxefas auT&v dxifjTOuv 
va avaSyj etc; tyjv xupdv xal vGv ext6u[xet va xpdcjY) toGto, xacxep jxaxpav tyj<; 
xaTptBoc; aiiToG wv. 

*Ex<i)v dxo>v 6 'AXec^avBpoc; BceTacje IlToXe[xaIov t6v ao)^.aT096Aaxa va 
eTot^da"]Q jieyaAoxpexox; Ta tyjc; XYjBetac;' xal auToc; [ih 6 @aatXeu<; Bev T)6e- 
XYjcre vd xapeupeOfj ev Tfj vexpoxriiKp TauTfl ts^stTJ, xaxd Be tyjv (bptff^£vif]v 
£%l TOUT(p Yj^epav dxac; 6 x£^6c; xal 6 ixxtx6<; GTpaTog iv ^ydX^ GToXfj 
xapeTdx8if]<jav" xpoa-rjXOov Be xal ot xapd tw MaxeBovtxtj) GTpaTU) iXecpavTec;, 
ax; etc; xoXe^ov xapaTeTay^evoc, xXyj6o<; Be xapeixovTO dvGpwxwv xpuaaxod 
dpyupd cp£povTO)V exxto^aTa, xavToetBi) OutitdpLaxa xal ^aatXtxd ivBu^axa, 
£xl axoxu> vd pc^watv auTa exl tyjc; xupdg' TeAeuTaToc; Be g)By)yy)6y] xal autbq 
6 KaAavoc;, eVt xAcvyjc;, (jltq Buvdpievoc; 6x6 dB uvapuac; vd ext6fj etc; txxov, 
£aT£(pavo)[X£VO<; xaTa to eSc^ov twv 'IvBg>v, xal dSwv ivBicjtI \j[Lvouq xp6<; touc; 
Geouc;. *H Be xupd cuvexetTO £•/. xoaut(|jlo)v £uag>v cpiupvYjc;, xeBpwv xal xu- 
xaptaawv. 

'O KaAavoq xaTa6d<; ix tyjc; xXivyjc;, eXa6e tyjv 8s§tdv twv xepl aikov, 
wq CYj^elov TeXeuTalou dsxaapioG auToic;, xal xapaxaXecraq dxavTac; vd eu- 
Ou^yjckock xal vd BtaaxeBdawat tyjv Yj^epav ixetvYjv, xpoc; dvd^vYjatv auToG, 
xpoc; Be tov @aaiXea %£\xty(zq Taq xpoapY]a£t(; xal Xiywv, dv eYBet xpo^avT£u- 
a£to<;, oti [i£Ta ^paxuv xpovov 6^£Tai aaTov £V Ba6uXwvt, dvl6Yj £xl ttj? xu- 
pd? xal ffTpiqjwv t6 $\£[l\i(x xpo? tov TjXtov, IxAtV£ to yovu xal xpoarju^aTO. 

Al aaAxiyY£c; xaT' ^vtoXtjv toG 'AX£^dvBpou xap£axov t6 arj^elov ttj? 
ixt6oXfj<; TYJq xupdg, xal at <pX6y£(; auv£xdXut^av to aw^a toG £ua£6oG<;y£pov- 
Toq 'IvBoG. 

'Ev tw aiia ££ T£Xvtxol xal yujxvixol xp6g ti^yjv auToG £T£X£aOir]aav dyw- 
V£?, £V olq xal dxpaToxoafa? xpoa£T£6Y] dywv, xaTa Ta ivBcxd lOt^xa. 

'0 iv aiiTO) Be xX£coT£pov xiwv t6v dXXcov Il'p6[jLaxo<; ti£XP^ T£a<rdp(i)v 
Xod>v xal Aa6wv to dptaT£Tov, aT£(pavov TaAdvTou, T)tx£pa<; Titraapaq ix£^Y]a£v, 
d><; dvata6f]T0<; ^x ttj<; [izftriq BiaT£Awv, ex §£ twv dXAa>v twv auEi-^ETaaxovTWV 
toG dytovoi; TEcraapaxovxa xal elq £ze\zuxi]a<xy a60a>p£l 6x6 toG ty()%o\jq. 

KaTa tyjv £v Souaon; Be Bia^ovrjv toG 'AAE^dvBpou xpoaYjX6ov auT(p 
ol aaTpdxat £% twv veoxjtI ux'auToG XTta0£tao>v xoA£G>v xal twv xaTaxTTQ0£t- 
ad)v x w P^ v 9£povT£<; TptdxovTa x'XtdBa? Uepa&v, oug xpo Ttvwv etwv 6 'AAe- 
^avopog Bt£Ta^£ vd ixAeSwatv ix t<ov £up(oaTOTaTO>v xal (bpaiOTaTCov xal vd 
8i8d$(i><7iv auTouq tyjv eaXtqvcxtjv BtdXEXTOv, xal t6v £XXif)vtx6v Tp6xov tr\q 
XP^ewc; Twv oxAwv xal tyjv aTpaTtovutXYjv Ta^tv. 

'EvEcpavfaOrjaav B' outoc £v aToAfj xal oxAok; Max£Bovixoc<;, oVtivs? xal 
6x6 toG (taaiAltoc; xpoaexX-rjOYjaav (('Ex(yovoi))' ^<jav Be dxavTsc; tyq auxfjq 
a%ehbv TjAtxtaq, MaxeBovtxdg (pepovTa? xavoxAcag. 



I2T0PIA TOT MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 183 

'Eauxtq<7£ B£ xa6' ux£p6oXir)V tj a'91?^ tg>v V£apo>v toutcov aTpaTCG>TG>v 
to us MaxfiBovaq, oYxiveq ux£Xdpi6avov oti 6 @aatX£u<; ynqxavdTai xdvTa 
TauTa, 6eXg>v vd ixcBd^fl otc §^v slxs xAeov dvayxiov twv Max£B6vG>v. 

KaTa 'IouXcov sv Bitqvexec xiviqaEi BtaTEXwv 6 'AXs^avBpoc;, dxr)X6£v £x 
Houjo>v eiq T Qxtv, axouBafav e>xopixir]V xoAtv, xapd tov EuXaTov xoTa^ov, 
ev6a iaTpaToxeBeuaav xal 6 aTpaToq xal 6 aToXoq, dAA'ouBoAGx; tj Bucrape- 
axeca tou aTpaxou TjAaTTwGiq, (b<; ex toutou 8' 6 'AXe^avBpoc; auAAe^a? tou? 
MaxeBovaq £t<; guveXeusiv, elxev auTOt<; oti exe0 6^i£i vd dxoXuafl xal vd 
xe^T) s?? ty)V xaTpiBa xdvTaq tou<; evexa ir\q T]Xtx(a<; xal twv xaxouxt&v, 
a<; uxiaTiqaav, axpiQ^TOuc; xpoq to xoXe^elv xaxaaTavxai;' xal TauTa expaT- 
T£v 6 'AXe<i;avBpo<;, vo^xc^wv otc T]0eXev euapeaxiqaec Ta ^liycaTa to> GTpaTO), 
xaGoaov (idXiaTa xal d[ioi6d<; uxeax £T0 ToT<;xap' auiw jjtivouacv* ax' ivav- 
Tiaq o^wg oi xpoTepov t^By) BuaTQpearYjEJievoc rjp^avTo xpauyd^ovTeq ^exd a<po- 

BpOTTQTOg, OTC £Xc6u^JLOU(7t Va dxoXu6o)<7tV dxaVT£c;, £X£iV0<; Be dg {LBIVQ £X(JTpa- 

Teuwv (Ji£Td tou xaTp&s Aibq tou "A[X[jlwvo<; xal tou<; x£pl auTov @ap6dpouq. 

'Ex twv 6ep[X(ov toutwv Xoywv dpytaOslc; Ta jilyiaTa 6 'AXe^avBpoq, 
xaT£6if) dxo tou ^(xaxoc; xal BceTa^e va auXXdSwac tou? auOdBecc; dpxrjyouq 
tyj<; Tapax^j?, rjaav Be BexaTpecq tov dpi6^.6v, ouq xal BceTa^ev ^v T(p dfxa va 
xvi^coatv etq tov xoTa^ov TcyprjTa. 

Kal xdvTeq jjlev ol Xoixol axpaTiWTat xaTaxXayevTet; e'attoxcov, 6 8* 'AXe*- 
£av8poq dva6d<; xal auOtc; elq to ^"fj^a, eXe^ev auT0t<; TaBe, e£d>v xdXXcaTa 
xapaAATQAtt^Tac y) xpoTEpa xaTdaTaaiq twv MaxeBdvwv xpoq tyjv xapouaav. 

((Sdq dxoT£fvo> tnfj^epov tov Xoyov, a> MaxeBoveg, ouxl dxoSXexwv e!<; 
t6 vd ad<; xcoAuaa) va [JLtj ^tqtyjte va ixiaTp£^TQT£ £t<; tyjv xaTpcBa aaq' t6 xaT' 
i[i.k £X£T£ tyjv £A£u6£ptav vd uxdyY]T£, oxou xal dv xpoatpdTat exaaToq, aAAa 
axoxov xpoTt6l(X£VO<; vd adg ux£v6upucrG) yiovov xotot ^a6£ xplv xal xotot slaOe 
Twpa, xal Oeaete vd dvaxo>pTf]aY]T£. 

(("Apxo^at Be to xpo>Tov dxo $tX(xxou tou xaTpo? ^jlou. *0 ^cacxxoc; aaq 
xap£Aa6£ x£pcxXavo)^JL£Vouc; xal BuaTuxecq, xal ot xeptaaoTepoc e66axeTe 6a(- 
ya xpooaxa xaTa Ta opiq, (pepovTeq BtcpOepaq, xal xoa£[xouvt£<; xaxwq ux£p 
auTG>v xpo? touc; 'iAAupouq, tou? Tpi6aAAou<; xal Touq Yeixowxq Gpqcxa?' 
dvTl twv Btcp9£p(ov ixdvoq a<zq £Bwx£ TO) pa xal (pop£tT£ xAa^uBaq, xal dxo twv 
6plwv caq xaT£6(6aa£V elq ixq X£BtdBa?, xal ad? dxoxaT£<7TY]cj£V txavouq vd 
(Jtdx"^^ xpog Touq XAY)aioxwpou<; ^ap6dpou<;, wcte £?<; t6 k^q vd yAi ex^s 
xXeov to 6dppoi; exl ttjv Oiatv xal t6 6xupov tou toxou, dWa vd aTiQp(^iQT£ 
[idAAov ty)v iXxfBa T-rjq ao>TT]pfa(; £xl ttqv tBcav aag dp£TT]v, auvd^a Be adq 
xaT(oxT]a£V£VT6<;x6X£(ovxalCTd<; ixoa^ta£ §ia v6(jlg>v xal YjOwvxpiQ^wv, xal 
xpoT£pov Bouaou? xal uxy]x6ou<; ovTaq dxoxaTeaTYjaev Y)fepi6va<; twv ^ap6d- 
pcov ixe(vo>v ol oxotot aaq i6XaxTov xpfv. 

Kal Tauxa [Lev £?alv oaa aaq £UY]py£TY]a£v 6 xaTY]p ^.ou, aTiva auTa xaO' 
lauTd (Ji£V ax£XTO(X£vot 6iX£Te eupTfj {xeydXa xpay^xaTa, xapa6aAA6[i£va 
o[Ui>q xp6q Ta ^^T£pa euptaxovTat xoXu (xtxpd. 'Eyw Be xapaXaSwv xapd 



184 I2T0PIA TOY MErAAOT AAEEANAPOY 

xou xaxp6? (xou xoxY]pta xpuaa xal dpyupd 6Xtya, xdXavxaB£ ouS'l^xovxa 
£v xq> xa^£t(p, XP^O &' 6q>eiX6yi.eva xap' auxou ec? X£vxax6ata, Bav£ta0£(<;, 
xpo? xouxotg, xal iyo> xepl xd oxxaxoaa, xal xtvY)ca<; £x xyj? X^P ^ tauxYjc;, 
YJxcq outs aaq YjBuvaxo vd 0p£tj;Y] xaXw?, Yjvot^a su0u<; xpo<; u^a<; xy)v Btd6aatv 
xou *EXXy]cjx6vxou, ev (I) £c<j£Tt ot Ilipaat Yjaav GaXaaaoxpaxops?, xal vtXYjaa? 
e*v txxopiaxta xouq aaxpdxa? tou Aap£tou Yjvaxra xdaav xy)v 'Iwvtav xpo<; xY^v 
i^ouatav aaq, xal xy)v AtoXtav, xal xd<; Buo <£puyta<;, xal xyjv AuBtav, xal xyjv 
M(Xy)xov IxupUuaa Btd xoXtopxtaq, x'dXXa B£Xa6(i)vauxoxpoatp£XG><; uxoxa- 
ysVra, sBcoxaxpcx; u^dq Kva dxoXau.6dvY)xs xtiv xapx&v auxoy/xal xd dya0d 
Bs tyj<; Atyuxxou xal xfj<; KupY)VY]<;, oawv dxYjXauaa, dv£U y-dxY)?, 
oXa dvYjxouat xp6<; upia?, xal y) xoiXyj B£ Supta, xal Msaoxoxayita slvat 
xxi^axd aa<;* xal yj Ba6uXk>vta hk xal xd Bdxxpa, xal xd Souaa xal xd 
xXouxiq xwv AuBwv, xal ot 0Yjcjaupol xwv EUpawv, xal xd dya0d xij<; 'IvB(- 
a<;, xal y) £^a) ©dXaaaa £tvat CSix.de aaq. 

((Sslq £la0£ xal oaxpdxat, asT? xal axpaxYjyot, aeT? £ta0s xa^tdpxat, 
wars £? oXo)v xwv xovwv xouxwv xt dXXo lxo> lya> x£ptaa6x£pov ixxoq xyj<; 
xopcpupaqxauxY)? xal xou BtaBYjjAaxoq, ouB' Ix^'tBtov xxfju-d ^.ou,ouB' Ix£i xtq 
vd B£c^iq <b<; tBtouq ^ou 0Y)aaupou<; dXXa xtvd, duvr) xauxa xd ?Bta xxYjyiaxd 
aaq y) oaa Bid aaq xdXtv <puXdxxovxat. 

<(IIp6<; xt vd cpuXdxxo) £ya> auxd x^P lv £^auxou xax'CSfav; xalxov auxov 
uxvov, olov ael<;, §£V dxoXauo), xczl jxaXiaxa iyw, wg xaXwc; yvwpf^xE, ouxs 
xpwyw ouxo) xoXux£Xw<;, (bq ol xpu^wvxEq yi£xa£u uyiwv, x.al xaXw? yivcojxs- 
xs oxi dypuxvo) x^P tv uu.o>v, toaxs uu.£l<; xoi^aaOe dvexwq. Kal {jlyjxwc; 8iv 
auv£^£pf(70Y]v ^£0' uu.wv xou<; xoxouq xal xdq xaXacxwpcaq, hi' wv xauxa 
xdvxa dx£y,xif](7a^£v; Tiq ££, uu.wv ippovsT, oxt £^6x0Y]<7£V ij ixtvBuv£uas x£pta- 

aOX£pOV UX£p £^10U Y^ £YO> UX£p £X,£CVOU;"Aq IX0Y) OaXt? £§ UU.G)V £X£t x£ptca6- 

X£pa xpauu.axa, Stq Yuu-va>0fl vd Bst^yj auxd, xal iyw xd :8txd(xou* ^£po<; xou 
{ja)u.ax6<;^ou y.axdx6 £u.xpoa0£v hh £U.£tv£V dxpwxov, ouB'oxXovxt uxdpx£t yj 
xy]? %eip6q y) dx xwv ptxxo^dvtov, ouxtvo? £yo) hh <p£pw 'c'xvyj £V £u.aux(p* Bed 
£{<pou<; dxpau^ax((70Y]v, Bta xo^ou dxo ^Yjxavcov £6Xyj0yjv xal Btd X(0wv xal 
^uXwv ixpuxY]0Y]V x^ptv uu.wv, x^P^v xYJg Bo^yj? xal xou xXouxou,dy(i)v u^xdg 
vcxYj9opou<; Side xdaYjc; y^q xal 0aXdaaY]c;, xal Bid xdvxcov xwv xoxa[xo>v, xal 
xwv 6p£d)v, xal xwv x£BtdBo)v. Tou? (Bfouq yd^ouq xp6<; adg £xau.a xal xoX- 
Xwv £% u^tov o! xa!B£<; 0d elvat auyy£V£T<; xp6q xouq IBtxou? (xou. w Oaot ^ 
UU.WV ^Yjx£ £la0£ d0dvaxa \Lvr}\Lzl<x xy]? dvBp£ta? aa? xal xyj<; xap* i^ou 
xi^Yjq. "Oaxtq h' dx£0av£v, £vBo^og y.£V xax£axYj 6 0dvaxo? auxou,x£pt<pavy)<; 
8' 6 xdepoe;, xaXxaT B'£txov£c; Yaxavxai xwv xXdaxwv iv xfj xaxpt'Bt, ot yov£c<; 
h' auxwv iv xt^fj elvaixal uxY]p£ataqxal £fa<popdqdxYjXXay^£vot.Kalxa)paoaoi 
15 uyiwv Bev elvat txavol Btd xov x6X£u.ov I^jleXXov iyo) vd xe^jl^g) ^yjXwxolx; 
xpo<; xouq iv x-fi xaxptoY dXX' ix£tBY] xdvx£<; 0£Xexs vd dx£X0Yjx£, d^HQe- 
x£, xal dvayy£tXax£ xoic; £v x^ xaxpfBt, oxt ^yxaxeXe(tj;a^ev xov ^aatXia 
^wv 'AX^avBpov, oaxiq dvtxYjas xouq Illpaaq, xou? MY)Bouq, xou? Baxxe,(- 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 185 

ou? , tou<; Sdxaq, x.aGux£TGe?£ tou<; 'Q^iouq xal 'ApaxwTOu<; xai Apayya?, 
xaT£x,TT)<js tyjv IlapGuaiav xai Swpaapuav xai * Ypxaviav, ^ixpi T **K Kaaxfaq 
GaXdaaYjq, BteSrj t6v t Q£ov xotoi^ov xal t6v Tdvai'v, etc hk tov 'IvBov, bv 
ouoVk; &Woq, Ixtoc; tou Atovuaou 8ie6y), xai tov ^YBdaxYjv, xai tov 'Axsac- 
vy]V xai tov *Y8pawTY]v, xaiTov v Y<pa<jiv B'yjGsXe 8ta6fj, av aeiq hh ISeixvuete 
x6xgxiiv, xcel elq tov Mlyav 'Qxeavov xczt' d^oTepa toc gto^jlcoj tou 'IvBou 
e?<j£6aXsxal 8i<fcTYJs£pTr)iAou ttjs reBpwarias SiyjXGev, ijv ouBelq a'xpt touBs 
{X£Ta CTpaTtdq SiyjXGs xai tyjv Koepayiaviav, dv xapoBcp, xpoaax£XTYja£, xai 
tt^v twv 'QpstTwv yrjv, ^vw 6 aroXoq BiexXee tyjv GdXaaaav dx6 twv 'IvBwv 
yixpi tyj<; IIspacBoq. 

(('AxIXGsts vat, xai e'l'xaTS, 8ti u[asi<; t6v ftaacXIa toutov, suGiic; ox; ixa- 
VYj-fayev u(j.d<;ei<;2o0<ia, eyxaTaXixovTSi; IqjuysTS, xapaBaxravTsq aiiTov toi<; 
^ttyj^svok; ux' auTou $ap6dpoi<; vd (puXaTTtoaiv aiiTov. 

TotauTY) gsSafcog s'iByjck; xai xap' cevGpcoxon; GsXst cplpsi ti^v xpog 
by.aq, xai ot Gsol &q euasSsiq GlXouat adq GscopYjasi. 'AxsXGsts !)) 

Kai TauTa sixwv 6 'AXI£av§po<; xaT£XYj8Yj<ie [Left' op^fjq dx6 tou $r\[L<x- 
Toq, xai elq to: dvdxTopa dxoaupGeiq, outs <jd)u<aTixYjv Tiva xspixoiYjaiv yjGsXs 
vd SsxGfj. T9)v Be TpfTY]V Yj^lpav Touq sxiXsxtou? Ilepaa*; xaXlaaq dtevst- 
^ji£V aiiToT<; Taq Yjy£^ov(a<; tgjv Ta^swv, toi? Be Ti^TjOeiffiStA tou xspatxou ti- 
tXou twv ctuyy£V(ov, xap£ax2 to Bixaiwu-a vd daxd^wvTat auTov. 

*Exouai(o<; 81 tot£ dxavi£<; ot MaxsBoveq, ot Side T£ tyjv YjXtxiav /.at St' 
6xoiavBY)xoT£ aw^aTix^v @Xd6Yjv dvixavoi ovtsc; eiq xoXe^ov eiq Bexaxiax^o* 
TovdpiGyiov, eXaoovTYjvdcpeaiv auTwv' dx£Ti(7£ Bs ai)Toi<; 6 'AXs^avBpoq-TOV- 
[AtaGovToD au^LxXY]pwG£VToq ri'bf} xpovou jxixpi? ou (pGdcroxriv eiqt&q xaTpiBaq, 
xpoaGiaaq Iti xai dvd ev TaXavTov £xdaT(p, auYXP 0VW ? SI xal dxr]TTQ(j£V 6 
'AX^oevSpoq xapd twv i%6yi<^v xalSaq ix tcov £^ 'Aafaq yuvaixwv vd <z<piQ- 
awaiv auTouq xap' ocuto) uxoax^^ ^ ° Tt ^G£X£ <ppovTia£i 6 'iBioq x£pl ty)<; 
dvaTpocpYi<; ocutwv, avBpaq 8e yevo^lIvouc; OiXst xaTafdyfl auToug si'q Max,£- 
Boviav xai xapaBwa£i toutou? iSiaiq x 5 ? 11 ' 1 Kpbq louq iSioug xaxlpag. IIp6<; 
dx68£i£iv §£ iT\q xp6<; auTou? i%\ ^dXXov Euvoiaq oSrjyov xai cpuXaxcz 8iw- 
piaev dx' oeiiTwv tov xiaTOTaxov GTpaTTQyov, tov Kpaxepov, xai gu^6oiqG6v 
xapsaxsv ocuto) tov noXuaxepxovTa. v AxavTa<; S' IvaYxaXiaGsiq dxsx^P^^Y) 
GaXspd xuvtov Bdx.pua. EuGuc; S' d^sawq, ^£Td tyjv dvax^piQcjiv twv dxo^d- 
Xtov i§ "QxiSog, £ax£ua£ xal 6 'AX^avBpoq vd xaTaX(xY) tyjv xoXiv TauTYjv, 
8i£uGuv6^JL£vo<; xaxd Td<; dpxd? tou Au*f oujtou tou etouc; 324 dq 'E/.6dTava, 
xpo)T£uouaav ir\q MrjBiaq, 6 hk GTpaToq §iyjpy]^£VO(; £i<; Biaqjopouq [Loipaq 

sYxSTO XOp£UOU.£VOqBldTG)vf>Op£foJV ixapX^WV T^qSlTTaXYJV^.'Ex.TlY pYJTO? hk 

xpo6afvd)V yL£T£6iQ xp6g ixfax£^iv tyj<; BayiaTa^Yjc;, G£oxp£X£dTdTY]q xoXeox; 
/.ai xXouaia<;,x£pi£XouaY]<;, xaxd tyjv £'iaoBov, xoixiXaq yXvyaq i£pa>v dvxix£i- 
^jlIvwv. *Evt£uG£V ^£ xo p£u6^£vo<; i% £<jy.eyQ'(} xal to 7.aXou^£vov Nuaaiov 
x£Biov/.aTdxX£(i)V ^aaiXixwv Kxxwv elq x£VTY]xovTa x^^dBaq au^xoaou^lvwv. 
M£Td Tptax.ovGY)U.£pov iv T(p Nuaafa) x£5i(p Bia^ovYjv, ivioqlxTd Yj[i£pa)v, 



186 1ST0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 

Ixeaxpe^ev ziq Ta 'Ex6aTava xal au0t<;' -qaav B£ tots t£Xtq 'OxTwSpfou tou 

324xatTou xpovou toutou tyj<; dvaxauaswq i%uq>ekou[Lz\oq sTeXsasv dywvaq 
yu|JLVtx.ou<; xal eopTYjv twv Atovuatwv, auyxpovw<; ^ xap£B60Y) ^stoctwv iuepl 
ocutov stq aupixoata xal xotou<; xal xavTOtaq suwxiaq xal BtaaxsBdastg. 

MsTa^L) SSTOUTWVXaVTWV Bt£XptV£TO Stdb TTjVTUoXuTsXstCZV XalTTjVdSpOTTQTa 

auToO 6 caTpdxY]<; tyjc; MYjBtaq 'ATpoxaTYjc;, saTtdaaq Btd \uocq axavTa tov 
xo"Xudpt0^ov GTpaTov* ot 8s £svoi ot auvaxQ^vTsq £vTau6a xp6<; Geav taTavTO 
x£pl Taq Tpax£^a<; twv aTpaTtwTwv, su0u^ouvtwv, aaXxt^ovTwv xal xpoxtvov- 
to)v Btd XYjpuxwv. 'iBtwq Bs ^et' axpou s'vGouacacr^oCi s'yeveto Bexty) tj dva- 
XY)pu£t<; tou XYjpuxoc;, stxovToq £x ^spou<; toG oxXoxotoij Topyou TaBs. 
((Topyoc; 6 oxXoipuXaJ GTsqjavot tov 'AXI^avBpov tov At6<; "A^wvog Btd twv 
Tptax<^ wv xpuawv xavoxXtwv xal OTav xoTaopxYjafl Tag 'A0Yjva<; Btd Bsxa- 
xtax^ wv 7,a ^ ^ c< * xaTax£^TWV xal twv aXXwv £kXwv twv xoXe^juxwv. )) Msya 
Be yipoq Iv toutou iXd^6avs xal 6 IxtjTYjOtog auTou q>(Xo<; *HcpataTtwv xal 6 
apxtYpa^aTsuq Toi3 'AXs^dvBpou E6^evy]<; 6 KapBtavog, dXk' 6 xpwToq 
Q[Ui)q 1% <p6asw<; dcrOsv-f) xal dBuvaTov xpdctv ex^v, Bsv t?]Buvyj0tq vd dvTtaxfl 
xaTa twv to<io6twv ux£p6oXwv xal xaTaxp'^swv, ou Be, w<;veo<; xal aTpaTtw- 
Tix6q, BtsTTf]pY]as tyjv dxatTO u^ievyjv BtatTav, xal xaTa Ttva Y)[iipav, axouatd- 
^ovtoc; toO taTpoii TXauxfou, (paywv ^tqtov dXsxTpuova xal xtwv oXoxXirjpov 
o'tvou cptdXYjv s'teXsutyjcts ^et' dXtyov svsxa tr\q ^syd)a)<; dxpaatac;. 

*0 OdvaTO? tou *H<j>ataTtwvo<; IXuxYjas Ta ^iytcTa tov 'AXs^avBpov £<p' w 
xal BtsTa^sv Ivtg) ayia vd xstpwat Ta<; x<xh<xq xdvTWV twv Txxwv xal twv yj^c- 
ovwv, xal vd c6uawatv, sv y£vst,TO ispov xup. 

'O 'A"X£^avBpo<; ixl(7Tp£^£v eiq Ba6uXwva Yva dxoOdvYj xal ouxl "va 
^aatXsuai). AtoTt tojoutov slx £ xaTa6Xif]6-f) 6 YJpox; svsxa tgjv (JtsydXtov ^6- 
x6wv xal twv xax,oxa6£i(i>v, a<; uxIjttq, xal xpo xdvTwv Btd tov at<pv(Bcov 6dva- 
tov tou ixi(TTY]6(ou cpfXou "H9aiaTt(ovo<;. Kal val [ihv ^yajvc^TO £ta£Ti vd 
xpay^aToxotY]ff|) ToXyurjpOTaTa xal ixlytJTa ax£Bta, dXX' -q xpOT£paToD gtou 
Xapd xaT£(JTpd$>Y) xXdov, xal ^ ^wy) auTou, elq t6 £^yj<; xXyjpyjc; 0Xt6£pd)v xpo- 
ata6Y]a£a)V i(pafv£TO xpo£Tot^a^o^£VY) vd xaT£X0T] s!<; tov Tdfpov* pL£XayxoXtxot 
Bs cpoSot xaT£lx ov ^V 'pux^v auTou, xal iv tt) dx^a'OTdTYj TjXtxta wv i^afvexo 
yr^pdaac; t)Byj. 'Ex£860y) iv toutok; e[<; Btdcpopa Ipya gsXTtwaEwq. 'Ev xpw- 
toi<; Bi£Ta££vdxaTaax£ua<j6fj XtpLTjv x£ptXa^6dvwvx^taxoX£^txdxXoIaxal 
ix Btacpoptov dxopL£tJLaxpu(T^£Vcov [Kzp&v xpoa£xdX£<j£V £t<; tyjv uxTjpscrcav tou? 
dpfaTOU? twv vauTWVTY^c; o!xou^£vy)<;, xuptox; dxoSXIxwv vd xaTaaT^ayj tyjv 
BaSuXwva xpwT£uouaav toij ^aatX£iou xal v£topiov tou dvaToXtxoO i[JLxop(ou, 
o!ov£l i^d^iXXov ty^<; dpxaca<; Tupou. 

Suyxp° vw ? ^ %a ^ icpea6ei<; d<p(xovTO xpo<; auT6v Ix B'.ag)6pwv ^£pwv 
ty)? otxou^£VY]?, ix tou 'AXXwvfou, twv AeXq>wv, ty!<; 'OXu^xca?, ty]<; Ko- 
p(v0ou, TY^q 'ExiBaupou xal Xotxwv dXXwv jji£pwv. Ot [ih auyxa(povT£? 
a'jT(J) Btd Ta ^Eyd^a xal £vBo£a xaTop0w^aTa, ot hh <7T£<pavouvT£<; auTov, 
xat £T£pot <ptXtav xal cuti^axtav auvB£OVT£<; ^£t' auTou. StooctoI Bs xp6q 



12T0PIA TOY MErAAOY AAEEANAPOY 187 

tou"toi<; e*x Btaq>6p(ov jjLspwv xpo<7Y)X0ov. Kal 6 yiv KdaaavBpo?, ulo? tou 
'AvTtxaTpou, Yjyays vlov aTpaT&v Ix MaxeBovfag, 6 Be IlEOXsaTa? xpoaijX- 
8ev d'ycov s'txoat ^i^id5a<; veojuXXextqv Ilspar&v, 6 <J>tX6££vo? Kdpa?, 6 M£- 
vavBpo? AuBou?, it; d>v xal dxl ^aXXov avaxT£pa)0£i? 6 'AXI^avBpo?, £xe- 
^exeivs Ta a%i§i<x auTou, xal Bta^opoug yJByj xotwv ipEuva? xpo? tyjv Kaaxtav 
GdXaaaav s^yjtyjje vd cuvBEqg to E>xoptov tyj? AtyuxTOU piETa tou tyj? 'Apa- 
6(a?, y), xal axoxwv vd evgxjyj jjletgc tou E*xtXotxou xpaTOU?, EtaxXs£t ex Ba6u- 
Xwvo? i%\ tov IlaXXaxdxav xoTapiov xaTa tov Eu9paTY)v, xal XTt^st dxst 
vlav 'AXs^dvBpstav. 'Exst 6£ st? BaSuXwva sxavsX0G)v xal a50t? 6 'AXs£av- 
Bpoq, ix£660Y],xaTa t6 <juvy)0e? auTa>, e?? euwxta? xal xavY)yupst?, xal jisTa 
IJisydXY)? {i£V Xajxx potato 5 xal xoXuTsXsta? ^steXecjs tyjv xupdv tou *H- 
9at<7Tt(i)vo?, xa0' yjv T)£cu)0Y)aav XayixpoTYjTO? xal Xatixpwv eaTtdasajv ot 
CTpaTtWTat, BtaTa^avTO? tou 'AXs^dvBpou vd ff^ayaxri Bsxa ^tXid8e<; cspi'tov 
xal vd xpoasvsx0watv ax; Guaca, x^ptv T0 ^ xoXuti^jlou cpcXou, ov ^x vsapd? 
YjXtxta? Y)ydxY)<js xal z\%s xap' EauTG) gx; aupixatXTYjv xal ^STsxstTa auvayw- 
vkttyjv iv tofiq yisydXat?auTOU IxaTpaTEtat?, Tpicpcov x£pl auTou £\0ouata)BY) 
dydxYjv Bi' ov xal sXa6s tyjv auvatvsatv tou "A^gjvo? vd Tiyt/rjafl aiiTOv (b? 
YjpGja xal T)^(0£ov. AtETa^s Be xal ixpYjtxvtaav ^ipo?TG)V TEtxwv TfjqBa6uX6*)- 
vo? xal dv auTO) dvYjystpav to xsvTawpocpov iJtixpt 200 xoBwv dvu^ou^.£vov 
(AsyaXoxpsxEaTaTov xal xoXuTsXIaTaTov otaoBo^Yj^a tyj? xupd? tou *Hq)at- 
ffTteavo?, Bt' xaTY]vaXw0Tjcjav iy. jasv tou 'AXs^dvBpou 60,000,000 Bpax-. 
s*x Bstwv <p(Xo)v twv xpla6£0)v xal TwvBaSuXwvfwv dXXa 12,000,000,toute- 
ctiv iy (juvoXoj 72,000,000 Bp. T6 xp<i)TO<pav£<; Be touto otxoBo^TQtJia ^aTpa- 
xtev iv XP uff V x£ptxoapioutJL£Vov 6x6 xop^upaq xal dyaX^aTtovxal eixovwv, 
i%\ trie, xopu^fj? B' K<r:avTo ff£tpfjv£c; i% wv dvTT)Xouv ot ixtxT)B£tot Gpijvot. 

Kal t^By) BtlTa^£ t6v aTpaTOV xal t6v <jt6Xov vd slvai etoc^jloi xp6q i^ixzi- 
pTjatv t^? dxo9aatff0£(ffiQq viaq IxaTpaTEca*;, &<p' & ts xal ^syaXoxpsxs? xapi- 
axs au(JLx6atov xp6^ Tt^v tou vaudpxou. 'E^Tijas Be tots vd xaTaxvc^ 
T^v 0X(^iv auTou iv Tfj euplasi v^ou ^(Xou xtaTOu xal ixtffTY]0(ou, <b<; toutov 
B' ££IXe!je t6v @£TTaX6v (Aaptaaaiov) MY3Blov,pL£0 , o5 xal tA£ydXaq xal gts- 
vd? auvlB£a£ cx^ a£l ? xatx£p ouBev xepfc auTou £^oxov dvatpipETat. 

KaTa tyjv iaxipav ^xeivtjv tou aupixojtou (30 Matou 323) (jle t6v Nl- 
apxov xal tou? d'XXouq d^tw^aTtxou? BtavuxT£p£uaac; iy ^£aq> tjBovwv xal 
ctaiaTtxwv Biacx£Bdj£wv^ — dx£ Be e!<; t6v yuvatxwvfTTjv auTou Ixto<;tg~)V vo- 
\Li[UL>y yuvatxwv oiXkaq 366 — Y]ylp0Y), acpoBpou xupETOU au^xTw^aTa e'xwv. 
tj 0Xt6spd B' auTY) xaTajTagtq E*x£Td0T) e'xE Tiva? T)(Jtipa<;, xa0* ac; Bev eXecxev 
6 'AX^avBpo? xap£xwv Ta? BiaTayd? toc? dpXTQyot? xspl ty^? dxaTpaTsfa? 
xal tou xTvoO, xpoacpEpwv Ta? auvY)0st? Guata?, i%\ xX(vy)? <p£p6^£vo? elq t6v 
t6xov ty)? IxteXIjeo)? auTwv. 

*H v6ao? ojjlco? oXovev i%Bipoi£peue, xal ouBsl? e*x twv xpoa£X06vTa)v 
JaTpwv tqBuvyjGtq vd goY]0Y)(JY) auT6>. Kal IxeGu^jlouv y.ky ot MaxEBovs? aTpa- 
TtwTat vd '{Bwat t6v ^aaiX^a, dTJX' dpLxoBt^o^Evot 0x6 twv awtxaTOfpuXdxwv 



188 



UTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 



Trjvayxda6T;cjav iizl 'zi'kouq vd exScdaoxrc ttjv e'caoBov xa! vd eta^XSwatv. '0 
'AXe^avBpoc; oijlgx; EtsTeXei huvzuy^q a9(ovo<; xal iy^giir^z tou<; xpoasp- 
Xo^svouq e^xpoaOsv ttjc; xX(vy)<; Sid YJdaeuqiriq xscpaTajg, d)>V sxc tsXou? 
I(ja<j0ev7)<jav ^ya^Gx; to aw^a tou ^svdXou BopuxTTQTOpoc; e^etvev dxvouv. 

'0 'AXs^avBpo? dxeOavs! Ttjv eaxipavTTjc; 11 'Iouvtou &j6£<j0y) 6 aarrjp 
toQ "EaXtqvcx; xaTaxTTjTou 1 

*0 'A7.l£av8po<; ItsXsutyjjsto) 323 x. X. evf]Aix(<? TpcdxovTa Buo £t£)v 
xal 6xtg) iir ; vd)v, ^aatAeuaaq BioBsxa ettq xal 6xT(i> trrjvaq. 



14 m< -;;-/ /Si/ jy 



^4 




TiXofr 



ArrAOEAAHNIKAl EKADIEII 



a 



flTAflHTinOZ 



)f 




EINAI at (i6vat lyBoaetq 'AyyXoz'k'kriviy.tiv StSayitywv @i6X(g)v gSxyjX- 
Xay^evai Tuxoypacptxtov ccpaX^aTwv, (ji yvY)atav 'A^eptyavty^v 

xpo^opdv, eu[A£0oBot, iupay.Tty.at, xaXoTUxwtiivat Ixl dptaTYjq xot6- 
uy)to<; x&pxou yat crepeax; BsSe^evat. 

At 'ASiQva'tyat iyBoaetc; ayyXoeXXiQvtywv @t6Xto>v 
^jls Td avapt9[iY]Ta GcpdX^aTd tg>v yatTa? eXXst^stq etvat 
ox^ [jlovov d'xpiQtTTot dXXd yat ixt^ifj^tot e!q tou<; (iav0d- 
vovTaq tyjv 'AyyXtyYjv. 

'0 i%ixeipGiv vd ly^d0Y) tyjv 'AyyXixyjv "Aveu At- 
BaaxdXou ex TOtouTwv By)0ev 'AYY^ 0£ ^^vtywv BtBa- 
yxtywv @t6Xtk>v £vvoet dq ib xiXoq oxt ex a<J£V dayoxox; 
xoXuTtjxov yatpov yat dx£0Y)craupta£v etg ty)v XEipaXYjv 
tou yuyswva dvaypt6eta)v, ccpaX^aTtov dvexavopGarucov, 
BtaaTpo^wv xpo^opdq yal xapep^Yjvstwv, t6 auvoXov 
xwv oxotwv zXifjatd^et xoXu xsptaaotepov xpo<; tyjv Kt- 
v^txirjv xapd xpoq tyjv 'AyYXtXYjv yXwaaav. 'Edv 0e- 
i£«Erai«M p rom w Xsts vd [id0YjT£ 'AyyXtyd xpo[AY)0su£<70£ jx6vov rag 'Ex» 

Boaetc; tyjc; (('ATrXavutBog)), e^Btyw? xpowpta^evaq Btd tou? ev 'A[JiEpixfl 
"EXkr^aq. 

1) EAAHN EN AMEPIKH, tuxpol 'EXXtjvoocyy^*^ BcdXoYot <ju<jTTj[i.axo<; 

Kouvx^e, jjLsxa TT5? icpotpopaq $0.25 

2) EAAHNOAITAIKOI MAAOrOI {xexd YviQaiaq xpocpopaq, oeX(8e<; 256 

BeBetiivot $1.00 

3) AITAIKH ME0OAO2 "Avsu AtBaaxdXou. "ExBoatg via, -J) xsXeioxlpa oXwv 

BeBsfxevr) $1.00 

4) NEQTATH TPAMMATIKH -crj? 'AyyXixtjc; TXwaaTj? e&[ji8oSoc; xod xpa- 

xxtx-f), aBexo? $0.50, Bs8e[AeV») $0.75 

5) NEON ArrAOEAAHNIKON EniSTOAAPION ZcovcdBou. "ExBocu; 

exr^u^ndvrj, BeBe^evov $1.00 

6) ArrAOEAAHNIKON AESIKON vea>xdxir)<; ixBosewq \ik xpotpopdv 

; oXwv xa>v Xi£eo>v, BeBs^evov $1.00 

7) EAAHNOArrAIKON AESIKON vewxdxTj? exBoaews, BeBsfxIvov $1.00 

Td (2vo) B6o AeHtxd SeBe^lva e?<; e'va xo^jlov $2.00 

8) ArrAOEAAHNIKON AESIKON TSEnHS, (uxpou cx^a-ros, (xexd 

xpotpopa? BeBe^evov $0.50 

9) EAAHNOArrAIKON AESIKON TSEnHS, [uxpou oxfoonoq BeSe- 

jxlvov $0.50 

Td £vw Buo Ae^ixd BeBe^iiva dq e'va T6pLov $1.00 



EKflOIEII ATAANTIfiOX 

ISTOPIA THS EMAAOS 

*H taTopta tou "E0vou<; [L<xq elvai ypa^IvY) etg ucpog axXouv y,at euXyj- 
ttov, dxo tyj<; i^avfaeax; tou ^EXXyjvcct^ou ^£Xpt twv x,a6' Yj^d? xpo v(t)V ^ 
*H EffTOpfa TT]g dpxafaq 'EXXdBog x£ptXa^6dv£t oXa Ta y£yovoTa ^ixpt Tfjq 
xtwo"£w<; tou Bu^avTcou. "Ex£ctcx Ipx£Tac y) 'IaTopca ttj<; NewTepa? *EX- 
XdBog, yjtc<; x£ptXa[x6dv£'. tyjv *EXXy)vcxy)v 'ExavdtJTcxaiv xal tyjv dv£^apTY]- 
atav. Kat TlXog yj IcTOpta tyjc; auyxpovou 'EXXdBoc; x£pcXa^6dv£i oXa Ta 
T£^£UTata y£yovoTa x.ai t6v xoXejxov tou 1897. Elvai xaXXiTEXvix-wg ix- 
tetuxw^Ivy) jjls xXY]6wpav Oau^aacwv 6Xo<T£Xl8wV £IX0VWV. 
TtyaTai XpvdoSeTo^ AoX^dpiov 1.00 

utopia tun mmmw hoaiteiqn thz imepikiii 

vno ZOAQNOZ I. BAAZTOY 

rpa^Ecaa ixl Tfj @d<j£i twv £xi<7Y)^0T£pwv xYjywv xai twv 6x6 twv 'A^£- 
pix,avr/.wv 2x°^ wv %(X i IIav£xiaTY]^iwv xapackc^y^ivwv auyypa^aTwv, 
x£piXa^.6dv£i 6X6x.XY]pov tyjv 'IaTopiav tyjc; 'A(X£pcx.YJ<; dx6 tyjc; dvax.aXu^£w<; 
auTTji; t^xpt tou" xoXI^jiou tyj<; 'AveljapTYjafas X£xto^£ow<; x£piypa<po(i£vou 
xai dxo twv Y][JL£pwv tou Baaiy/,Twvoc; ^exP 1 ciQ^epov. Etc; 6yx.w8Yj ^£ydXou 
6y56ou ax*)^ ^ ? t6^o v V-k 48 6Xoa£Xi8ouc; Eixovac; xoXut£Xwc; 8£§£^ivY] 
Tiycrecu XpvdoSeToc; AoA^.dpiov 1.00 

nATPISlTIKH BIBAIOOHKH 

Toyoc; A'. 
T6 BiSXiov touto cxW ^ ? l^ydXou 6yB6ou, dxapTt^£Tai ix §w8£x,a 
xaTpiwTix.wv [jiovoypaq>iwv, ^£t' dxovwv. Ot titXoc twv xaTpiWTixwv toutwv 
yiovoypacpiwv, Tag oxoiag lypa^av ot yvwaTOT£poi twv Xoyoypdipwv [L<xq elvai 
Piqyac; 4> epalo?, 'AOavdaiog Aidx,o<;, OdvaToc; IlaxacpXcacja, "AXwacc; Kwv- 
<jTavTtvoux6A£0)<;, KaTaavTWVYjc;, MdxY) tyjc; Il£Tpac;, Kupd 3>poc7UVY], 
'OXoxauTwaig 'ApxaBtou, "AXwatc; TptxoA£G)c;, '0Su<7£u<; 'AvBpouTao<;, 
Kapa'tax-dxYjc; y.ai i^oBo^ IVUaoXoyyiou. 

Tiyaxat Xpvdo&ccoc; AoXXdpiov 1.00 

nATPIHTIKH BIBAIO©HKH 

Toyoq B'. 

*0 B£UT£po<; ToyLoc; twv x£pt^Y]TY]TG)v toutwv piovoy pacptwv x£ptXapL6dvst 
tcz l^fjc;: ©£o£topoc; KoXo7.oTp(ovY)c;, Naupiaxca Nauaptvou, TEwpytoc; 6 
Sx,£vS£p^x£Y]g, 01 BouXyapoxTovot AuT07,paT0p£<; tou Bu^avTtou, "AXw- 
aiq ty^<; Kuxpou uxo twv Toupxwv, Kax£Tav KaX6yY)po<; yj Sa^ouYjX 6 
KouyxtTY]?, yj KaTaaTpo9Y) twv 'AX6avwv ivNauxXtw, 'AvBpiag MtaouXYjq, 
y) rpayi6ouaa, 2ouXtwT£c; xal AtdxY]$£c;. 'O^ioto^opcpwc; ^xtetuxw^evoc; xal 
8eB£tJievo<; jjl£ t6v xpwtov to^xov 

Ttya'cat XpvdoBeTo^ AcOJidpiov 1.00 



ISTOPIA TOY MErAAOY AAESANAPOY 

vno KOTNTOY KOYPTIOY 

To dptffToupyiQ^a touto tou yisydAou Pto^atou 'IffToptoypdcpou elvat 
sx tg>v spywv Ta 67:01a xac; "Eaatqv ocpstAst va tASAsnofffl. Elvat yj yAa^upw- 
Tspa xat xtaroTspa a<pif)YTQ<K<S tou Btou, twv 'ExffTpaTstwv xat twv IIoae^g)\ 
tou MsydXou 'AXs^dvBpou. "ExBofftg xoautsatjc; sxl dptffTOU x^P T0U l^ 
eCxovaq xptoTOTUxoug xat xoautsas? Bscit^ov. 

TtyaTai XpvdofttToc; Ao^Aaptov 1. 

IEPA SYNO^FIS I1ASS1N TliN AKO<YOY©IftN 

'H 'Ispd Suvo'^t? T-rjg exBocjeux; [xag svsxpt0Y] uxo tou Otxou^evtxou 
IlaTpcapxEcou KtoVffTavTtvouxoXsax;, yis ttqv ixr^s^EAYjjjisv^v Be auT^q Ix- 
Tuxcofftv xat to -rcoAUTeXec; xat CTEpEov Bsfft^ov stvat aAY;6s<; xoffynr^a if\q 
Pt8Xio6if)y.Yjg xavTo<; 'Op6oB6£ou XptffTtavou, ljle xoAAa^ xaAAtTExvtxdq 
elxovaq, twv oxotwv Ta xpwTOTUxa e<f>tAOT£XVY]0iqffav ev T(j) 'Ayt(p "Opet. 
Tiya-cai XpudoSeToc; 75 divzq. 

TA iHYSTHPIA TOY TIAGIZ 

'A^yrjcetg dxo tov gtov tou dxatfftwTepou Movdpxou ttj<; Toupxfaq 
'A&BouX XapiTjT. UsAtBsq 144 ^txpou oyBoou ax^aToq, gcBetov 

Tiyatai 20 devcc;. 



H *$PAi$K5YTPl* 



IlaTptwTtyov Mu0t<7T6pr i ixa e£6xo><; s^Bta^pov xat ffuyxtVT]Ttx6v. 2ea(- 
Bsq 207 [Jitypou dyBoou ayji'^a'zoq dBsToq. 

TiyaTai "25 d&vcc;. 

AHO THS AKPOriOAE^S EI2 THN QATIN 

To dptaroupyr^a e£ oawv twv Epywv tou SxuptBwvoq IlayavlAf], £*$£- 
tuxg)0tq xaAAtTexvtxax; xat ^letcz xoaawv etxovwv uxoTTJg (('ATAavTtBo?)) efq 
Excppaatv EXTtirrja'EGx; xpo<; tov BtaxpEx-q "EAAY}va uuyypa^psa xat xoAUTtpiov 
auvspyaT^v tyjs (('ATAavTtBoq)). 

Tiyaxai XpudoSexov AoA^doiov 1.00 

AiOYSIKH 

NEA EAAHNIKH ME0OAOS MANAOAINOT 

xpaxT'.xf, xat sutaiOocog 81a ttjv sx^d0r ; fftv tou MavBoAtvou dvsu AtBaaxd. 
Aou, xaX7aTEXvtx^q exBoffeax; TtyaTai AcOJwdpiov 1.00 

O TMNOS EIS THN EAEY0EPIAN 

Bt' affix a xat xAEtBoxu^SaAov TiyaTai 20 divxq 

XOPOS KAAAMATIANOS 

Bta KAetcoxu^SaAov, xaTa tasTaypa^Tjv N. Koxxtvou •• ,„ Tiyd'cat 20 divtq 



JUN « 1312 



